PsyCh journal最新文献_第4页

Adolescents Are More Utilitarian Than Adults in Group Moral Decision-Making. 青少年群体道德决策的功利性高于成人。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.821

Yingying Jiang, Weiwei Zhang, Yingjia Wan, Michaela Gummerum, Liqi Zhu

{"title":"Adolescents Are More Utilitarian Than Adults in Group Moral Decision-Making.","authors":"Yingying Jiang, Weiwei Zhang, Yingjia Wan, Michaela Gummerum, Liqi Zhu","doi":"10.1002/pchj.821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.821","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores how peers influence the moral decisions of Chinese adolescents (12- to 16-year-olds, Mage = 14.32, n = 84) and young adults (18- to 26-year-olds, Mage = 20.92, n = 99) in moral dilemmas. Participants were asked to make moral decisions individually and then collectively within groups of three to reach a consensus in Trolly dilemma and Footbridge dilemma. They were also required to evaluate the degree to which they felt their decisions were moral. Results showed that adolescents tended to choose \"action\" (pull the lever in Trolly dilemma, or push the man in Footbridge dilemma) more than adults, and evaluate their \"no action\" choice as more immoral than young adults across both individual and group settings. Adolescents showed consistent decision-making patterns regardless of whether decisions were made individually or collectively, while adults were more likely to choose \"no action\" in group decision-making. Our results suggest that adolescents are more utilitarian than young adults when making decisions in moral dilemmas, compared to young adults. Young adults are less likely to make utilitarian choices when they are in groups than when they make decisions individually.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-System Collaborative Model of Prosocial Risky Behavior and Cognitive Computation: A Review. 亲社会风险行为与认知计算的双系统协同模型综述。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.822

Changlin Liu, Boqiang Zhao, Youlong Zhan, Ping Hu, Xiaoqin Mai

{"title":"Dual-System Collaborative Model of Prosocial Risky Behavior and Cognitive Computation: A Review.","authors":"Changlin Liu, Boqiang Zhao, Youlong Zhan, Ping Hu, Xiaoqin Mai","doi":"10.1002/pchj.822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.822","url":null,"abstract":"Prosocial risky behavior (PRB) refers to actions taken at personal risk for the benefit of others or societal welfare, combining risk-taking with prosocial intent, and involving the integrated processing of individual risk and social preferences. Building upon the review and evaluation of the definitions of PRB, existing research tools, theoretical models, and neural mechanisms, this paper elucidates the synergistic interaction and mechanisms of the emotional drive and cognitive reasoning systems in PRB. It constructs a dual-system collaborative model for PRB. Furthermore, to address the shortcomings of existing PRB research tools, such as limited cross-domain applicability and low reliability, this paper designs a PRB research paradigm within the economic decision-making domain. Combined with the dual-system collaborative model of PRB, this paper proposes a cognitive computational modeling concept for PRB and preliminarily verifies its reliability. Future research should conduct cross-cultural studies, utilizing cognitive neuroscientific technologies, to explore the cultural differences in the mechanisms underlying PRB, thereby enhancing the cross-cultural interpretive power of the constructed dual-system collaborative model of PRB. This broadens the theoretical explanatory pathways and research dimensions of PRB.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining Mental Health Changes Before and After Rhinoplasty: An Analytical Study. 鼻整形前后心理健康变化的分析研究

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.820

Ramyar Farzan, Afrooz Haghdoost, Mohammad Tolouie, Sakineh Pourgholami Koudehi, Elham Ebrahimi Khonacha, Paria Nikinia, Mojdeh Esmailzadeh

{"title":"Examining Mental Health Changes Before and After Rhinoplasty: An Analytical Study.","authors":"Ramyar Farzan, Afrooz Haghdoost, Mohammad Tolouie, Sakineh Pourgholami Koudehi, Elham Ebrahimi Khonacha, Paria Nikinia, Mojdeh Esmailzadeh","doi":"10.1002/pchj.820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.820","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore the mental health status of individuals seeking rhinoplasty before and 3 months after surgery. This study was conducted in 2022 at Velayat Hospital, involving patients aged 18-60 who were seeking rhinoplasty, selected using convenience sampling method. Exclusion criteria included prior nasal surgery and severe psychiatric disorders without clearance from a psychiatrist. The Symptom Check List-90-Revised questionnaire was employed to assess psychological disorders across 9 dimensions. Sixty patients were examined, consisting of 14 men and 46 women, with an average age of 31 years. A substantial 83.3% of participants sought rhinoplasty solely for cosmetic reasons, whereas 16.7% cited both cosmetic and breathing issues as motivations. Initially, 59 patients had scores indicating \"good\" mental health, with one showing \"moderate\" mental health. Three months after the surgery, all patients scored within \"good\" mental health. The findings revealed significant improvements in various dimensions of mental health, including depression, anxiety, and obsessive compulsive symptoms, with the exception of paranoid ideation. All three primary indicators of mental health demonstrated significant decrease post-surgery. The study highlights the positive impact of rhinoplasty on the mental health of patients, particularly among women, individuals over 20, and non-smokers. Notable improvements were observed across various mental health dimensions, with significant enhancements reported three months post-surgery. However, the findings underscore the need for careful consideration of psychological conditions when selecting candidates for surgery. Limitations, including a small male sample and lack of a control group, suggest further research is necessary.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Mindfulness on Shame: Exploring Mediation by Cognitive Flexibility and Self-Compassion in a Chinese Adult Population. 正念对中国成人羞耻感的影响：认知灵活性和自我同情的中介作用

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.817

Xiaoshuo Zhang, Jinghong Wang, Yuzheng Wang, Jinyan Wang, Fei Luo

{"title":"The Effects of Mindfulness on Shame: Exploring Mediation by Cognitive Flexibility and Self-Compassion in a Chinese Adult Population.","authors":"Xiaoshuo Zhang, Jinghong Wang, Yuzheng Wang, Jinyan Wang, Fei Luo","doi":"10.1002/pchj.817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.817","url":null,"abstract":"To examine the effects of mindfulness on shame and the mechanisms mediated by cognitive flexibility and self-compassion in a Chinese adult population in daily life, we conducted two studies. Study 1 was a cross-sectional study using the Five-Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, the Self-Compassion Scale, and the Self-Conscious Affect-3, which were administered to 481 adults in Beijing and Chengdu. For Study 2, an 8-month follow-up study was conducted on 128 of the adults. The results of Study 1 showed that (1) the awareness of action and nonjudgment dimensions, and the total score of mindfulness were significantly correlated with shame; (2) cognitive flexibility and self-compassion could fully mediate the prediction of mindfulness on shame. The Study 2 showed that (1) mindfulness and shame were significantly negatively correlated in both phases of measurement; (2) controlling for T1 shame, T1 mindfulness was able to negatively predict T2 shame; controlling for T1 mindfulness, T1 shame was not able to predict T2 mindfulness. There is a longitudinal association between mindfulness and shame, and only mindfulness scores are predictive of the shame and not vice-versa; both cognitive flexibility and self-compassion can provide explanations for the prediction of shame by mindfulness. Enhancing levels of mindfulness can help alleviate individuals' shame levels.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation and Application of Functions of Future Thinking Scale in Chinese Adults. 中国成人未来思维量表功能的验证与应用。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.819

Lulu Liu, Lijuan Dai, Ya Wang

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Social Stress on Trustworthiness Judgments in Schizophrenia. 社会压力对精神分裂症患者可信度判断的影响。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.816

Natália Čavojská, Vladimír Ivančík, Alexandra Straková, Jakub Januška, Daniel Dančík, Barbora Vašečková, Ľubica Forgáčová, Dana Krajčovičová, Jakub Kraus, Ján Pečeňák, Anton Heretik, Michal Hajdúk

{"title":"The Impact of Social Stress on Trustworthiness Judgments in Schizophrenia.","authors":"Natália Čavojská, Vladimír Ivančík, Alexandra Straková, Jakub Januška, Daniel Dančík, Barbora Vašečková, Ľubica Forgáčová, Dana Krajčovičová, Jakub Kraus, Ján Pečeňák, Anton Heretik, Michal Hajdúk","doi":"10.1002/pchj.816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.816","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examines the impact of induced social stress on facial trustworthiness judgments in individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) and the associations between symptoms and trustworthiness ratings. Thirty-three individuals with SCZ and forty healthy controls (HC) were asked to rate the trustworthiness of 24 digitally morphed faces in two counterbalanced conditions. Mild social stress was induced by listening to loud noises from a busy street. BPRS, CAPE-42, and the Paranoia Scale measured the severity of symptoms. We did not observe significant differences in trustworthiness judgments between the patient and control groups. Social stress did not impact trust judgments. Paranoia was negatively connected to trustworthiness ratings in the control group. Subjective rating of stress in noise condition was negatively associated with paranoia only in the control sample. In the patient group, a negative correlation was found between trustworthiness ratings in stress conditions and the severity of self-reported negative symptoms. Our results suggest that mild social stress does not significantly affect trustworthiness judgments in either patients with SCZ or in HC. Differences between the patient and control groups in trustworthiness judgments were negligible. Overall, the results of this study can be considered mainly negative and contrast with previous studies. The stress induction paradigm or a smaller sample size might cause observed results. In controls, biased face perception was linked to trait paranoia. By contrast, in SCZ, other factors might impact trust perception and need further examination.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A longitudinal investigation of mental health outcomes after the Henan floods in China: Examining predictors of resilience trajectories. 中国河南洪灾后心理健康结果的纵向调查：研究抗灾能力轨迹的预测因素。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.781

Xiaodi Liu, Mohan Bao, Xi Wang, Guangyu Zhou

{"title":"A longitudinal investigation of mental health outcomes after the Henan floods in China: Examining predictors of resilience trajectories.","authors":"Xiaodi Liu, Mohan Bao, Xi Wang, Guangyu Zhou","doi":"10.1002/pchj.781","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pchj.781","url":null,"abstract":"A heavy rainstorm struck Henan, China, in July 2021. Previous studies have indicated that natural disasters have a wide range of psychological sequelae, but little research has been done on the psychological effects of floods specifically. This study aimed to track the mental health trajectories of flood victims over time and identify associated protective and risk factors. People living in the areas most impacted by the flood (N = 376) were surveyed at four different time points: 3 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months post-flood. Latent growth mixture modeling was utilized to delineate longitudinal patterns of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression, a supervised machine-learning approach, was employed to discern predictors among 49 assessed variables at both contextual and personal levels. Results revealed three classes of PTSD (resilience, recovery, moderate symptoms) and anxiety (resilience, chronicity, recovery) trajectories, along with two classes of depression trajectories (resilience, chronicity). Key factors predicting resilience in mental health included personality traits, media consumption habits, pre-existing health conditions at the individual level, and asset loss and ongoing adversities at the contextual level. In spite of the widespread impact of the flood, most victims displayed resilience in the face of adversity. Identifying critical factors across various psychological symptoms offers valuable insights for both pre-disaster preparation and post-disaster trans-diagnostic psychological interventions.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":"993-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141284613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How taking pictures of landscapes affects the mental stress of young adults. 拍摄风景照片如何影响年轻人的精神压力。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.773

Ahmad Hassan, Zhang Deshun

{"title":"How taking pictures of landscapes affects the mental stress of young adults.","authors":"Ahmad Hassan, Zhang Deshun","doi":"10.1002/pchj.773","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pchj.773","url":null,"abstract":"In today's fast-paced society, escalating work and academic pressures have led to rising stress levels. While numerous studies have explored adolescent mental health, there has been a lack of focus on \"educational stress\" among Chinese students. This study sought to understand the psychological and physiological effects of educational stress in Chinese university students. We studied the impact of a 5-min nature photography session on campus compared with a control activity of photographing urban settings near campus. Data were collected using blood pressure measurements, electroencephalography (EEG), the Semantic Differential Method (SDM), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in order to understand psychophysiological reactions. The findings from the SDM and STAI assessments indicated that students felt slightly more at ease and considerably more relaxed, had a heightened sense of naturalness, and experienced reduced anxiety after engaging in nature photography compared with urban photography. Notably, we observed that both systolic and diastolic blood pressure dropped by many values and there were noticeable EEG changes among participants. The results suggest that a brief 5-min nature photography activity can effectively reduce mental stress in Chinese university students.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":"1004-1013"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association between social support and prosocial behavior: A three-level meta-analysis. 社会支持与亲社会行为之间的关联：三级荟萃分析。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.792

Yinlan Wang, Guangming Ran, Qi Zhang, Qiongzhi Zhang

{"title":"The association between social support and prosocial behavior: A three-level meta-analysis.","authors":"Yinlan Wang, Guangming Ran, Qi Zhang, Qiongzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/pchj.792","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pchj.792","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have examined the relationship between social support and prosocial behavior and have concluded that social support is an important factor in generating prosocial behavior. However, different studies have produced different conclusions, and the moderating effect on the relationship is not entirely clear. The current study uses a three-level meta-analysis method to clarify the relationship between social support and prosocial behavior, and explores the moderating variables that affect the relationship between the two variables. Through a systematic literature search, a total of 92 studies, 418 effect sizes, and 74,378 participants were obtained. The main effects test found a significant positive correlation between social support and prosocial behavior. Tests of the moderating effects indicated that the relationship between social support and prosocial behavior was moderated by year of publication, source of social support, measurement of social support and measurement of prosocial behavior. In summary, social support plays an important role in prosocial behavior, and exploring their relationship is beneficial to families, schools and society in guiding individuals' prosocial behavior.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":"1026-1043"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between lyric and musical depth in Chinese songs: Evidence from computational modeling. 中文歌曲中歌词与音乐深度之间的关联：来自计算模型的证据

IF 1.3 4区心理学

PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.785

Liang Xu, Bingfei Xu, Zaoyi Sun, Hongting Li

{"title":"Associations between lyric and musical depth in Chinese songs: Evidence from computational modeling.","authors":"Liang Xu, Bingfei Xu, Zaoyi Sun, Hongting Li","doi":"10.1002/pchj.785","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pchj.785","url":null,"abstract":"Musical depth, which encompasses the intellectual and emotional complexity of music, is a robust dimension that influences music preference. However, there remains a dearth of research exploring the relationship between lyrics and musical depth. This study addressed this gap by analyzing linguistic inquiry and word count-based lyric features extracted from a comprehensive dataset of 2372 Chinese songs. Correlation analysis and machine learning techniques revealed compelling connections between musical depth and various lyric features, such as the usage frequency of emotion words, time words, and insight words. To further investigate these relationships, prediction models for musical depth were constructed using a combination of audio and lyric features as inputs. The results demonstrated that the random forest regressions (RFR) that integrated both audio and lyric features yielded superior prediction performance compared to those relying solely on lyric inputs. Notably, when assessing the feature importance to interpret the RFR models, it became evident that audio features played a decisive role in predicting musical depth. This finding highlights the paramount significance of melody over lyrics in effectively conveying the intricacies of musical depth.","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":"915-926"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0