Radiation protection dosimetry最新文献

{"title":"Study of thoron exhalation from soil under different temperature and humidity conditions.","authors":"Chitra Natarajan, Kothai Parthasarathy","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) exhalation from soil is governed by the soil properties as well as the ambient meteorological parameters. The temperature and humidity cause significant changes in the radon and thoron flux from the earth's crust. Exhalation rate measurements can be made rapidly for thoron due to its short half-life leading to speedy attainment of steady state under closed conditions. In the present study, thoron exhalation from beach sand rich in 232Th, is studied in the controlled environment of a (0.5 m3 volume) radon chamber. The chamber is equipped with air-heater and moisture generator with automated temperature and humidity controller. Experiments were conducted in the temperature and relative humidity (RH) ranges 35-50°C and 40%-60%, respectively. For different combinations of temperature and RH, the steady-state thoron concentration near the floor was measured and the exhalation rate was estimated by solving the mass balance equation. Common to all levels of RH, the thoron exhalation rate was found to steadily increase with temperature. For a total of 15°C (in steps of 5°C) temperature increase, the average percentage increase in exhalation rate is 34%. At all temperatures, when the RH increased from 40% to 45%, an increase in the exhalation rate was observed. When the RH is further increased to 50%, the exhalation rate shows a dip. Above RH 50%, there is further drastic decrease in exhalation rate, and this was explained by formulating a modified mass balance equation accounting for the decreased concentration gradient in the higher layers of air due to the restricted diffusion of thoron.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Hp(10) to Hp: impact of implementing ICRU/ICRP report 95 personal dose quantity on CaSO4:Dy-based TLD dosemeters - a Monte Carlo study.","authors":"Rohit Yadav, Madhumita Bhattacharya, Ashok K Bakshi, Balvinder K Sapra","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU), in collaboration with the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), has introduced new operational quantities in ICRU Report 95. Among these, the personal dose Hp addresses the significant limitations of the currently used Hp (10), which can overestimate the effective dose by up to a factor of 5.5 at photon energies below 70 keV. These changes necessitate a re-estimation of dosemeter response to evaluate potential modifications in dose algorithms and detector design. In this study, the performance of CaSO4:Dy thermoluminescent dosemeter (TLD) badges was investigated for the new operational quantity Hp and compared with the existing Hp (10). The badge response was simulated over photon energy range 12.3-1250 keV using the Monte Carlo Simulation code FLUKA and benchmarked against experimental validation. To correct for energy-dependent overestimation at lower photon energies, a new dose evaluation algorithm for Hp was developed based on disc dose ratio (R12). The disc dose ratio (R12) refers to the ratio of absorbed doses measured in CaSO₄:Dy TL discs D1 and D2 positioned under different filtration conditions within the badge and serves as an energy-sensitive parameter for correcting the over-response of the dosemeter in terms of Hp. The proposed algorithm demonstrated strong compliance with IEC 62387:2020 performance criteria (acceptance range 0.71-1.67), with 95% of estimated Hp values lying within 0.9-1.3 of the delivered dose. These results confirm that CaSO4:Dy TLD badges, when combined with the improved algorithm, are fully compatible with the new operational quantities recommended in ICRU Report 95, ensuring reliable application in personnel dosimetry.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1043-1056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of analytical factors on the determination of gross alpha/beta activity in drinking water using liquid scintillation counting.","authors":"Zhimo Chen, Liangliang Yin, Cen Shi, Yuhan Xie, Yuxin Qian, Yanqin Ji","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A method for the determination of gross alpha and beta activity concentrations in drinking water samples was established using liquid scintillation counting (LSC) through a series of batch experiments on water samples spiked with 241Am and 90Sr/90Y. Counting windows were set to cover the full energy spectrum. α/β discrimination was investigated considering the use of calibration sources, spillover, and additional factors (e.g. scintillation cocktail type, acidic media, pH, sample-to-cocktail volume ratio) and was optimized. The optimized Pulse Shape Analysis value was set to 120 (τα + τβ = 5.511%). The impact of the total dissolved solids and sample-to-scintillation liquid volume ratio on counting efficiency was investigated. After optimization, the gross alpha and beta counting efficiencies were 26.6% and 37.6%, respectively. The measurement results demonstrated good agreement between the values obtained by LSC and the solid scintillation counting.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1033-1042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of primary and secondary low-energy electron impacts on atomistic DNA strand breaks using Monte Carlo simulations.","authors":"Jaouad Farhan, Youssef Lamghari, M'hamed Bentourkia","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag039","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In radiotherapy, the primary goal is to eliminate cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy cells. The low-energy electrons generated by radiation beams interact with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), causing double-strand breaks that are challenging to repair, ultimately leading to tumor cell death, since the radiation provokes a clustered damage and the tumor cells have defective or dysregulated DNA repair pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed Monte Carlo simulations using standard GEANT4 classes, employing an atomistic model of DNA composed of 1122 base pairs, with each atom represented by a sphere corresponding to its van der Waals radius. DNA samples were exposed to mono-energetic electrons between 1 and 30 eV. The simulations incorporated the cross-sections of DNA strands and bases, and we ran 10 million electrons for each simulation. Three types of electron interactions with their positions x, y, z within the DNA volume were recorded: dissociative electron attachment (DEA), excitation, and ionization. Using the number and type of interactions at the atomic level caused by primary and secondary electrons, the number of single (SSB) and double (DSB) strand breaks in DNA was determined based on energy-deposition thresholds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that at energies <10 eV, DEA plays a more dominant role in DNA strand breaks than excitation and ionization, which are effective only when the deposited energy exceeds 8.22 eV for excitation and 17.5 eV for ionization. We observed that the DNA side exposed to the incident electrons was more subject to electron interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show good agreement with experimental results in its global SSB and DSB, and our simulation accurately distinguished the breaks based on the type of interactions and the energy of the incident electrons. However, the absolute yields and the relative contribution of the different interaction types remain dependent on the modeled DNA geometry and irradiation conditions. Such a simulation reports DNA radiosensitivity at the atomic level and significantly contributes to the selection of radiopharmaceuticals targeting tumor cell nuclei such as those incorporating Auger electron emitters which are more effective than alpha and beta emitters.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1001-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in diagnostic radiology in Côte d'Ivoire: an analysis based on spatial, collective, and individual dosimetric indicators (2018-2024).","authors":"Omer Kouakou, Guy Léopold Oka N'Guessan, Georges Alain Monnehan, Aka Antonin Koua, Brou Mathurin Kouakou, Josué Patricia Akissi Kouadio Epse Kokora","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag029","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a comprehensive assessment of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in diagnostic radiology in Côte d'Ivoire over the period 2018-2024. Based on spatial, collective, and individual dosimetric indicators, this analysis aims to quantify exposure levels and evaluate the effectiveness of radiological protection measures implemented nationally. A total of 78 facilities were monitored, over 90% of which were located in urban areas, particularly in Abidjan, the economic capital, which alone accounted for nearly 70% of the distributed thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs). This uneven distribution highlights disparities in access to dosimetric surveillance across the country. The annual collective dose (S) showed a significant increase from 94.54 man·mSv in 2018 to 1075.19 man·mSv in 2024 an increase of 1037.3%. The number of monitored workers rose from 187 to 595 over the same period, indicating expanded surveillance coverage. The average annual individual effective dose increased from 0.47 mSv in 2018 to 1.54 mSv in 2021 (a relative increase of 227.6%), before declining to 0.93 mSv in 2024 (a 39.6% decrease), reflecting the impact of corrective measures recommended by the national regulatory authority. Between 2018 and 2021, the proportion of workers exposed to doses exceeding 1 mSv/y rose sharply from 7.5% to over 90%, and continued to increase slightly, reaching 93.29% in 2024. These findings underscore the critical importance of maintaining regular monitoring and continuously improving radiological protection strategies. The study provides essential data to inform national policy and strengthen radiation safety in the medical sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1019-1032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoughts on kinetic modeling of thermoluminescence in insulators: electron delocalization in the conduction band: partial fact or mostly fiction.","authors":"Yigal S Horowitz, Leonid Oster","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"999-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural radionuclide measurement and radioactivity assessment of soil samples in Gansu Province (China).","authors":"Fang Wang, Yanjun Wang, Hanyu Zhang, Yun Wang, Qian Wang, Ruiying Wang, Jialong Wu, Limei Niu, Xiangru Qu, Jie Wang","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This investigation assessed the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides (Th-232, Ra-226, and K-40) within soil matrices across Gansu Province, China. A total of 115 soil specimens were gathered from agricultural lands and uncultivated sites. Samples were analyzed by a low-background and high-purity germanium (HPGe) γ-ray spectrometer. The activity concentration of Th-232, Ra-226, and K-40 ranged from 9.7 to 56.0 Bq/kg, 19.4 to 99.3 Bq/kg, 349.5 to 713.1 Bq/kg, with mean values of 27.4 ± 6.3 Bq/kg, 45.9 ± 10.5 Bq/kg, 566.7 ± 64.8 Bq/kg, respectively. Derived radiological parameters included external hazard index (Hex) of 0.37, absorbed gamma dose rate (D) of 63.8 nGy/h, and annual effective dose rate (E) of 78.5 μSv/a. This is the first time to evaluate the risk of natural radionuclides in soil in this area and provides essential information on the levels of background radiation in Gansu. The results indicate that the radioactivity level in the soil of Gansu is similar to that in Sichuan province, which borders Gansu and shares similar characteristics with the area. The natural radionuclide measurement and radioactivity assessment of soil samples in Gansu province show that they will not cause a significant threat to local residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1069-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13459030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with increased patient radiation dose during cerebral aneurysm embolization.","authors":"Satoru Kawauchi, Koichi Chida, Takashi Moritake, Yusuke Hamada, Wataro Tsuruta","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With expanding indications for interventional neuroradiology, patient radiation exposure remains a significant concern. This study aimed to identify predictors of high peak skin dose and left lens doses using directly measured patient radiation data. We retrospectively analyzed patient doses and performed multivariate logistic regression. Treatment of a posterior circulation aneurysm [odds ratio (OR) = 7.491; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.217-46.110] and stent use (OR = 5.516; 95% CI, 1.318-23.085) were identified as independent predictors of peak skin dose exceeding 1.0 Gy. Stent use was also a significant predictor of left lens dose exceeding 100 mGy (OR = 3.141; 95% CI, 1.488-7.851). These findings provide a robust, evidence-based framework for identifying high-risk patients preprocedurally. This knowledge is crucial for enhancing the informed consent process and justifying the timely implementation of dose-reduction strategies to minimize the risk of radiation-induced injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1057-1068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation protection strategies for FLASH radiotherapy accelerator installation in animal housing.","authors":"Giorgio Russo, Santa Gabriella Bonaccorsi, Renata Leanza, Maria Costa, Gaia Pucci, Cristiana Alberghina, Francesco Paolo Cammarata, Giovanni Li Volti, Rosalba Parenti","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a radioprotection assessment for an ultra-high dose rate accelerator installation in one of the animal housing of the Centre for Advanced Preclinical in vivo Research. The main problem concerns the absence of a bunker while limiting exposure in nearby work areas. The geometry of the accelerator, the building layouts and the distribution of the environmental dose equivalent were simulated with FLUKA.CERN 4-4.1, modeling a 9 MeV electron beam. The results confirmed compliance with the limit of 0.250 mSv/year for unrestricted areas during daytime operation. Night-time operating zone restrictions apply when no staff are present, allowing beam on for quality controls. The effective doses to the population, researchers and workers are less than 1 mSv/year, in accordance with Legislative Decree 101/2020; the accelerator operators are classified as exposed. For small animals, precautionary dose limit of 1 mSv/year was adopted. The use of lead shielding and site-specific safety measures ensure radiological compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of radon awareness and knowledge among undergraduate university students in Asaba, Nigeria.","authors":"Fredrick Oghenebrorie Ugbede","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radon is an environmental carcinogen, a well-known leading cause of lung cancer, second only to smoking. Despite its health significance, public awareness and knowledge about radon is limited in many developing nations, including Nigeria. This study therefore assessed the level of radon awareness and knowledge among students of Dennis Osadebay University in Asaba, Nigeria. The study employed a cross-sectional survey using a structured questionnaire consisting of 30 items. Out of 942 respondents, only 45.4% had prior awareness of radon, while 54.6% had never heard of it. Widespread misconceptions about radon knowledge were noticed with only 17.3% correctly recognized lung cancer as the major health risk of radon exposure. The findings revealed a generally low levels of radon awareness and knowledge among the students. This highlights a significant gap in environmental health literacy, underscoring the overbearing need for educational interventions, public awareness campaigns, and national radon policy in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}