Radiation protection dosimetry最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Evaluation of occupational equivalent doses to selected organs and tissues in veterinarians from scattered radiation during X-ray and CT examinations.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148272668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of kV dose measurement in IGRT using MV-calibrated ionization chambers.","authors":"Hayato Tsuno, Koji Sasaki, Masataka Sakamoto, Fumiyasu Matsubayashi","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), kV imaging is routinely used for patient positioning. However, repeated imaging can result in a significant cumulative dose. Ideally, dose measurements should be performed using ionization chambers calibrated for kV energies, but many facilities only have chambers calibrated for MV energies. This study investigated whether ionization chambers calibrated for MV energies could accurately measure kV doses in IGRT. Several cylindrical chambers were evaluated. Cross-calibration was performed using a kV-calibrated reference chamber. Surface doses were measured under clinical conditions and compared with nanoDot dosemeters. MV-calibrated chambers showed good agreement with the kV-calibrated reference. The quality conversion factor for the kV energy range was determined for the Farmer chambers. The obtained value was 0.931 ± 0.008 (N = 90). The surface dose with farmer-type chambers demonstrated dose deviations within ±1% compared nanodot dosemeter. Our results demonstrate the magnitude of uncertainty that arises when a Farmer-type ionization chamber, calibrated based on the water absorbed dose in a 60Co beam, is used for kV energy range surface dose measurements with an onboard imaging system of a linac without applying an energy correction factor. With appropriate cross-calibration, MV-calibrated ionization chambers can be used for kV dose measurement in IGRT. This method allows accurate and practical dosimetry, enhancing clinical efficiency and patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1234-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of natural and artificial radionuclide concentrations in soil and ecological dose screening using RESRAD-BIOTA: a baseline study of El Kala National Park, Algeria.","authors":"Mohamed Ziouche, Djamel Taieb Errahmani, Mouad Boudria, Anissa Hammadi, Mustapha Maache, Nadia Rabia","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag057","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twenty-eight composite surface soil samples collected from four ecosystem types across El Kala National Park, Algeria - a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Biosphere Reserve. UNESCO Biosphere Reserve - were characterized for 40K, 137Cs, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 232Th by high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometry. Mean activity concentrations were 178.7 ± 84.4 Bq kg-1 for 40K, 12.1 ± 9.7 Bq kg-1 for 137Cs, 112.1 ± 30.3 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, and 25.4 ± 11.8 Bq kg-1 for 232Th-series (all uncertainties reported at coverage factor k = 2). Radium-226 concentrations exceeded the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) worldwide median of ~35 Bq kg-1 by a factor of ~3, reflecting geological enrichment within Tertiary phosphatic sedimentary formations of north-eastern Algeria. Potassium-40 and 232Th concentrations were within worldwide typical ranges; 137Cs was consistent with residual global fallout from mid-twentieth century atmospheric nuclear weapons testing. In-situ absorbed dose rates (park mean 83.8 nGy h-1) include a cosmic radiation contribution of ~35 nGy h-1 that is absent from terrestrial dose rates calculated using UNSCEAR (2000) conversion coefficients applied to site-specific data (park mean 74.8 nGy h-1. Subtracting the cosmic component yields a corrected terrestrial in-situ mean of ~49 nGy h-1 - ~35% below the calculated value - consistent with systematic overestimation by the UNSCEAR semi-infinite source geometry when applied to surface-concentrated (0-15 cm) radioactivity profiles. RESRAD-BIOTA Level 1 ecological screening, applying ICRP Publication 108 protective benchmarks of 10 mGy d-1 for terrestrial animals and 1 mGy d-1 for terrestrial plants, produced sum ratio factors (SRFs) of 0.0119 and 0.146, corresponding to safety margins of 84-fold and 6.8-fold below their respective benchmarks. Both SRF values were well below unity, confirming that Level 1 screening criteria are satisfied without requiring higher-tier assessment for terrestrial animals; a Level 2 assessment is recommended for terrestrial plants given the more constrained margin. Radium-226 dominated total biota dose (53% for animals; 75% for plants). These results establish the first systematic radiological baseline for this ecologically sensitive Mediterranean protected area and demonstrate the applicability of RESidual RADioactivity - BIOlogical Transport of Activity (RESRAD‑BIOTA) graded screening in naturally enriched geological settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1209-1221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of typical values in computed tomography to support the optimization of protection in clinical practice.","authors":"Diogo Madaleno, Cecília Borges, Inês Pereira, Joana Santos, Pedro Vaz","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag056","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Typical values, as defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, support the optimization of protection in Computed Tomography (CT). They provide comparisons when new technologies are introduced, as well as for assessing the impact of factors such as the number of phases per examination, image-quality adjustments, and clinical-indication-based prescribing. This study assessed CT dose levels in a radiology department using a two-phase approach. Part I retrospectively assessed volume computed tomography dose index, dose length product, and size specific dose estimate values (2021-2022) across clinical indications and compared them with international Diagnostic Reference Levels. Protocol standardization, staff training, and optimization measures were implemented. Part II prospectively evaluated outcomes in 2024. Results showed that median dose values frequently exceeded international benchmarks and revealed variability in local practice. After optimization, most examinations demonstrated dose reductions of up to 61%, although some procedures remained ~20% above references. These findings highlight how multidisciplinary collaboration and staff education can strengthen radiation-protection culture and support clinically aligned imaging practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1192-1208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and calibration of a portable HPGe detector for in situ gamma-ray spectrometry using large-sized calibration pads.","authors":"Haluk Yücel, Mine Özgür, Hasan Dikmen","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag049","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For in situ gamma-ray spectroscopy, a study was performed for characterization of a portable high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector utilizing four large-sized concrete pads, which were already used for the calibration of airborne gamma-ray detectors. Each of the four concrete pads contains the known concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K, including one so-called 'blank pad', which contains background activity. An efficiency transfer method has been adopted to calibrate the present HPGe detector using small-volume International Atomic Enery Agency (IAEA)-certified RGU-1, RGTh-1, and RGK-1 certified materials. To this end, each of four concrete calibration pads, having dimensions of (8 × 8 × 0.375) m, was marked by meshing into (1 × 1) m grids to enable determining activity in measurement positions. Then, the measurements were carried out in 49 positions on each calibration pad by using a 40% relative efficiency HPGe detector. The experimental efficiency values of this detector were also compared with Monte Carlo simulation results. As a result, the activity concentrations determined in this study showed good agreement with the declared activity values for 40K and 232Th contained in the calibration pads reported by MTA; however, the results for 238U exhibited a discrepancy of ~10% from the declared value. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed calibration methodology in real environmental conditions, additional in situ measurements were carried out on the soil at the Sarayköy site of NÜKEN. The obtained activity concentrations were compared with those obtained from laboratory gamma spectrometric analyses for soil samples taken from the same locations. The study indicates that if large-sized calibration pads are used for the characterization of a portable in situ HPGe detector, thereby enabling accurate in situ gamma-ray spectrometric assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1163-1179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing typical diagnostic reference levels in a Peruvian nuclear medicine centre: a retrospective study.","authors":"Paul Elias Panizo-Olivos, Cecilia Querebalú-García, Eduardo Garnique-Millones, Adlin López-Díaz, Jhonny Antonio Benavente-Castillo, Jorge Lázaro Delgado-Morales","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag055","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are tools for optimizing medical exposures. We performed a retrospective analysis of 898 adult scintigraphic examinations acquired between 2018 and 2024 at a Peruvian hospital to establish institutional DRLs for eight procedures. Typical values were defined as the median administered activity, and the 75th percentiles were used as institutional action levels to trigger protocol review. Median weight-normalized activities ranged from 0.1 MBq·kg-1 for 131I thyroid uptake testing to 14.5 MBq·kg-1 for three-phase bone scintigraphy; corresponding derived effective dose estimates were ~1-45 mSv and are reported only for population-level benchmarking. Comparison with international DRLs showed broad concordance; however, bone scintigraphy exceeded several reference values by >25%, indicating opportunities for optimization. These results provide the first institutional DRLs reported in Peru, identify priorities for local quality improvement, and support periodic review within an optimization cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1180-1191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of the ISO 4037:2019 standard using voltage dividers and X-ray spectrometry.","authors":"Luigi Rinaldi, Alessia Ciccotelli, Claudia Silvestri, Andrea Petrucci, Gianluca Cappadozzi, Susy Toma, Serena Fattori, Parvin Mohammadyari, Francesca Curciarello, Joonas Tikkanen, Paula Toroi, Massimo Pinto","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ISO 4037:2019 standard is the reference standard for dosimetry laboratories who wish to realize dosimetric operational quantities for radiation protection calibrations. In implementing the ISO 4037:2019 standard, the X-ray radiation qualities need to be defined according to strict requirements on the material and thickness of the additional filtration, and according to metrologically traceable high voltage bias applied to the X-ray tube. This enables usage of standardized conversion coefficient from air kerma to operational quantities. However, the tube potential may vary as a function of tube current if a protective resistor is built into the protective tube housing, which, if not corrected, alters the energy distributions of the reference field and thus the value of the appropriate conversion coefficients. Particularly at low energies, the energy dependence of the conversion coefficients can be sharp and, depending on the specific realization of a radiation quality, the conversion coefficient from air kerma to dose equivalent can vary substantially. We have investigated the correspondence between the tube voltage measurements of a X-ray system based on calibrated voltage dividers and that of an X-ray spectrometer system based on a Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) detector in order to obtain an estimation of the resistance of the protective resistor that is usually unknown. A method based on X-ray spectrometry for calibration of the tube potential even in the presence of tube with protective resistor is presented. Finally, conversion coefficients were calculated using simulated spectra to study the influence of the protective resistor on the determination of these coefficients. The simulated spectra obtained from X-ray tube with and without a protective resistor resulted in differences in conversion coefficients mostly ˂2% but 5.6% for the radiation quality considered at the lowest energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1222-1233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148272636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EURADOS WG10 2019 field test of retrospective dosimetry methods: The NRPI results of mobile phones and salt dosemeters.","authors":"Zina Čemusová, Daniela Ekendahl","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncag051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various methods of physical retrospective dosimetry based mainly on thermally and optically stimulated luminescence in daily-use items are employed to assess the dose after unplanned radiation exposure. The investigations are usually performed in laboratory conditions, but the situation will differ in a real scenario. This was the motivation for the field test organized by European Radiation Dosimetry Group and Running the European Network of Biological and Retrospective Physical Dosimetry. The field test was arranged outdoors, where phantoms equipped with mobile phones, payment cards, pieces of dental ceramics and enamel, salty snacks and salt dosemeters, cigarettes and textile bags were irradiated. This manuscript presents doses estimated at National Radiation Protection Institute, as one of participating laboratories, using mobile phones and salt dosemeters in comparison with reference values. When using glass from the display, acceptable agreement was achieved for emergency dosimetry purposes. Resistors and salt measurements led to a more significant overestimation, in the case of resistors up to five times the reference value.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"1245-1252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the KERMA approximation method in Monte Carlo dose calculations for BNCT involving a realistic 3D patient phantom.","authors":"Meitong Wei, Yuxin Wang, Zirui Ye, Hui Zhang, Xie George Xu","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monte Carlo (MC) methods are generally recognized as the gold standard for dose calculations. However, achieving high statistical confidence is computationally expensive, particularly when complex secondary particles are involved. Kinetic Energy Released in Matter (KERMA) approximation method is a variance reduction technique widely used in MC simulations. This study evaluated the accuracy and efficiency of the KERMA approximation for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) dose calculations using the TOol for PArticle Simulation MC code. Simulations were performed on a CT phantom of a glioblastoma patient using an accelerator-based BNCT source. It was found that neutron KERMA results agreed with Analog MC results within 2%, while providing a 157-fold computational speed-up. However, the photon KERMA approximation overestimated skin photon dose by ~12%. The results suggest that the KERMA approximation for BNCT offers clinically acceptable accuracy and efficiency, while using Analog MC method for skin photon dose evaluation can further improve overall accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-frequency magnetic flux density levels in various exposure scenarios: a measurement-based study.","authors":"Jeta Dobruna, Mimoza Ibrani, Hëna Maloku, Zana Limani Fazliu","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields has raised significant concerns regarding its potential effects on human health and the environment. At the same time, it has spurred growing interest in identifying low-exposure scenarios to support green and sustainable objectives. This study presents the results of in situ measurements of magnetic flux density across various exposure scenarios. Measurements were also conducted at close distances from different photovoltaic panels to summarize magnetic flux density exposure levels. Additionally, the study includes the measurement of magnetic flux density at various locations within electric, mild hybrid, and hybrid vehicles. To our knowledge, this is the first time such measurements have been reported for the region of Kosovo, providing initial valuable data for assessing exposure levels for both the general population and workers. The results offer a basis for comparative studies with other countries, contributing to the global understanding of electromagnetic field exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}