Radiology. Imaging cancer最新文献

{"title":"Tumor Biomechanics Quantified Using MR Elastography to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Individuals with Breast Cancer.","authors":"Aaditya P Sinha, Patriek Jurrius, Anne-Sophie van Schelt, Omar Darwish, Belul Shifa, Giacomo Annio, Zhane Peterson, Hannah Jeffery, Karen Welsh, Anna Metafa, John Spence, Ashutosh Kothari, Hisham Hamed, Georgina Bitsakou, Vasileios Karydakis, Mangesh Thorat, Elina Shaari, Ali Sever, Anne Rigg, Tony Ng, Sarah Pinder, Ralph Sinkus, Arnie Purushotham","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240138","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the ability of MR elastography (MRE) to noninvasively quantify tissue biomechanics and determine the added diagnostic value of biomechanics for predicting response throughout neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Materials and Methods In this prospective study (between September 2020 and August 2023; registration no. NCT03238144), participants with breast cancer scheduled to undergo NAC underwent five MRE scans at different time points alongside clinical dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE MRI). Regions of interest were drawn over the tumor region for the first two scans, while for the post-NAC scan, the initial pre-NAC tumor footprint was used. Biomechanics, specifically tumor stiffness and phase angle within these regions of interest, were quantified as well as the corresponding ratios relative to before NAC (tumor-stiffness ratio and phase-angle ratio, respectively). Postsurgical pathologic analysis was used to determine complete and partial responders. Furthermore, a repeatability analysis was performed for 18 participants. Results Datasets of 41 female participants (mean age, 47 years ± 12.5 [SD]) were included in this analysis. The tumor-stiffness ratio following NAC decreased significantly for complete responders and increased for partial responders (0.76 ± 0.16 and 1.14 ± 0.24, respectively; <i>P</i> < .001). The phase-angle ratio after the first cycle of the first NAC regimen compared with before NAC predicted pathologic response (1.23 ± 0.31 vs 0.91 ± 0.34; <i>P</i> < .001). Combining the tumor stiffness ratio with DCE MRI improved specificity compared with DCE MRI alone (96% vs 44%) while maintaining the high sensitivity of DCE MRI (94%). Repeatability analysis showed excellent agreement for elasticity (repeatability coefficient, 8.3%) and phase angle (repeatability coefficient, 5%). Conclusion MRE-derived phase-angle ratio and tumor stiffness ratio were associated with pathologic complete response in participants with breast cancer undergoing NAC, and a combined DCE MRI plus MRE approach significantly enhanced specificity for identification of complete responders after NAC, while maintaining high sensitivity. <b>Keywords:</b> Breast Cancer, MR Elastography, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> Clinical trials registration no. NCT03238144 Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e240138"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of US-guided Core Needle Biopsy for Nipple Lesions.","authors":"Maggie Chung, Paran Davari","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259006","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.259006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e259006"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Radiomic Graphs for Outcome Prediction in Radiation Therapy-treated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Pretreatment CT.","authors":"Joseph Bae, Kartik Mani, Lukasz Czerwonka, Christopher Vanison, Samuel Ryu, Prateek Prasanna","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240161","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To develop a radiomic graph framework, RadGraph, for spatial analysis of pretreatment CT images to improve prediction of local-regional recurrence (LR) and distant metastasis (DM) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Materials and Methods This retrospective study included four public pre-radiotherapy treatment CT datasets of patients with HNSCC obtained from The Cancer Imaging Archive (images collected between 2003 and 2018). Computational graphs and graph attention deep learning methods were leveraged to holistically model multiple regions in the head and neck anatomy. Clinical features, including age, sex, and human papillomavirus infection status, were collected for a baseline model. Model performance in predicting LR and DM was evaluated via area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and qualitative interpretation of model attention. Results A total of 3434 patients (61 years ± 11 [SD], 2774 male) were divided into training (<i>n</i> = 1576), validation (<i>n</i> = 379), and testing (<i>n</i> = 1479) datasets. RadGraph achieved AUCs of up to 0.83 and 0.90 for LR and DM prediction, respectively. RadGraph showed higher performance compared with the clinical baseline (AUCs up to 0.73 for LR prediction and 0.83 for DM prediction) and previously published approaches (AUCs up to 0.81 for LR prediction and 0.87 for DM prediction). Graph attention atlases enabled visualization of regions coinciding with cervical lymph node chains as important for outcome prediction. Conclusion RadGraph leveraged information from tumor and nontumor regions to effectively predict LR and DM in a large multi-institutional dataset of patients with radiation therapy-treated HNSCC. Graph attention atlases enabled interpretation of model predictions. <b>Keywords:</b> CT, Informatics, Neural Networks, Radiation Therapy, Head/Neck, Computer Applications-General (Informatics), Tumor Response, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Locoregional Recurrence, Radiotherapy, Deep Learning, Radiomics <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e240161"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2024 Manuscript Reviewers: A Note of Thanks.","authors":"Umar Mahmood, Gary D Luker","doi":"10.1148/rycan.250117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.250117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e250117"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Supine Breast MRI for Residual Tumor Assessment after Breast-Conserving Therapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer.","authors":"Jirarat Jirarayapong, Leah H Portnow, Jayender Jagadeesan, Dylan C Kwait, Zhou Lan, Thanh U Barbie, Melissa A Mallory, Leah Kim, Mehra Golshan, Eva C Gombos","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240158","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of intraoperative supine MRI (isMRI) in identifying residual tumor burden immediately after breast-conserving therapy (BCT). Materials and Methods This single-institution prospective study (April 2012-December 2022) included 43 consecutive participants with stage 0-II breast cancer. Three participants with multicentric disease were excluded from the final analysis. Preoperative supine MRI was performed after standard preoperative prone MRI to compare tumor sizes and distances to the nipple, chest wall, and skin. After lumpectomy, the saline-filled surgical cavity was assessed for residual tumor at 3-T isMRI in the operating suite. Diagnostic accuracy of isMRI findings in identifying residual tumor at resection margins was assessed using histopathology of shave margin specimens as the reference standard. Performance metrics of isMRI and re-excision rates were analyzed at per-participant and per-margin levels. Results Forty participants (median age, 58.5 years; range, 40-76 years) with 44 breast cancers (36 unifocal and four multifocal) underwent BCT, all with a single lumpectomy site. Margin assessment using isMRI yielded accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 80%, 50%, 93%, 75%, and 81% per participant, respectively; and 93%, 52%, 97%, 65%, and 96% per margin. Second re-excision was avoided in two of six (33%) participants with true-positive isMRI readings, decreasing the final re-excision rate from 18% to 13%. Histopathology of six false-negative isMRI cases revealed residual invasive carcinomas, all smaller than 0.3 cm, or intermediate-to-high grade ductal carcinoma in situ. Conclusion Intraoperative assessment for residual tumor after BCT using isMRI demonstrated promising accuracy to guide targeted margin clearance within the same operation. <b>Keywords:</b> Breast, MR-Imaging, MR-Dynamic Contrast Enhanced, Oncology <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e240158"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Ablation versus Surgical Resection for Management of Small Colorectal Liver Metastases: Insights from the COLLISION Trial.","authors":"Radhika Rajeev, Hero K Hussain","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259008","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.259008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e259008"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiparametric MRI before and after Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Pearls and Pitfalls for the Reporting Radiologist.","authors":"Anna L Lai, Jyothirmayi Velaga, Kae Jack Tay, Guanqi Hang, Yu Guang Tan, John S P Yuen, Christopher W S Cheng, Nye Thane Ngo, Yan Mee Law","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240269","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this era of personalized precision medicine, the accuracy of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and targeted biopsy in helping detect low-volume clinically significant prostate cancer has rekindled interest in focal therapy for primary prostate cancer. Such therapy may reduce the debilitating morbidity of radical whole-gland treatment. Post-focal therapy mpMRI surveillance is critical for assessing oncologic efficacy. Radiologists interpreting post-focal therapy mpMRI must be familiar with expected posttreatment changes and pitfalls in assessing posttreatment recurrence. In this review, the authors present their experience with mpMRI before and after focal therapy. While cryotherapy and irreversible electroporation are the primary modalities of focal therapy offered in their institution, the authors aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the more common focal therapy modalities in use. Pertinent considerations of mpMRI in pretreatment patient selection and treatment planning are discussed. The recently proposed standardized post-focal therapy assessment systems, Prostate Imaging after Focal Ablation (ie, PI-FAB) and Transatlantic Recommendations for Prostate Gland Evaluation with MRI after Focal Therapy (ie, TARGET), as well as pearls and pitfalls in the detection of tumor recurrence and medium- and long-term mpMRI surveillance of the post-focal therapy prostate, are also discussed. This review aims to provide a valuable reference for radiologists involved in the care of patients in the evolving field of prostate cancer focal therapy. <b>Keywords:</b> MR Imaging, Urinary, Prostate, Neoplasms-Primary, Focal Therapy, Prostate Cancer, MRI, Surveillance, Tumor Recurrence Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e240269"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cinematic Rendering of Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor.","authors":"Feng Wen, Chen Liu, Cong Huang","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240353","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e240353"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Trends in Nonphysician Imaging Interpretation.","authors":"Lauren E Burkard-Mandel","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259005","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.259005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e259005"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Feasibility of US-guided Microwave Ablation for the Treatment of Bethesda III Thyroid Nodules with Negative Eight-Gene Panel Mutational Profile.","authors":"Qingqing Tang, Jiawei Chen, Dengke Zhang, Qingnan Huang, Yong Chen, Xuexin Liang, Kai Zeng, Yuxian Guo, Mingliang Huang, Yanghui Wei","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240058","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of US-guided thermal ablation in the treatment of Bethesda III thyroid nodules with negative eight-gene panel testing results. Materials and Methods This retrospective single-center study included patients with thyroid nodules diagnosed as Bethesda category III (atypia of undetermined significance) at fine-needle aspiration biopsy and with negative eight-gene testing results who were treated with US-guided microwave ablation (MWA) between July 2020 and September 2023. Incidence of complications, technical success rate (TSR), volume reduction rate (VRR), nodule recurrence, and thyroid function were evaluated over a follow-up period of 2 years. Data before and after MWA were compared using variance analysis and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel χ² test. Results A total of 101 Bethesda III nodules were detected in 95 patients (mean ± SD age, 47.08 years ±14.63; 79 female patients, 16 male patients), all of which were completely ablated (100% TSR). Two patients experienced mild neck swelling and pressure sensation after the minimally invasive operation, and the incidence of postoperative complications was 2% (two of 95). None of the patients experienced tumor recurrence or progression. At 2-year follow-up, the mean VRR of the ablated area was 90.88% ± 13.59 in 15 patients; 87% (13 of 15) of these patients had a 100% VRR. There was no evidence of a difference in thyroid function before and after MWA from 1 to 24 months (<i>P</i> = .15-.99). Conclusion US-guided MWA was safe and effective for the treatment of Bethesda III thyroid nodules with negative eight-gene panel testing results. <b>Keywords:</b> Ablation Techniques, Radiation Therapy/Oncology, Head/Neck, Thyroid, Safety, Observer Performance Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 1","pages":"e240058"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}