Radiology. Imaging cancer最新文献

{"title":"A New Challenge in Prostate Cancer: Assessing Discrepant Results from Prostate MRI and PSMA PET/CT.","authors":"Govind S Mattay","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.259007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e259007"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI-based Supplemental Screening Improves Cancer Detection in Patients with Mammographically Dense Breast Tissue.","authors":"Brandon K K Fields, Bonnie N Joe","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.259004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e259004"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Radiopathomics Models Based on Contrast-enhanced MRI and Pathologic Imaging for Predicting Vessels Encapsulating Tumor Clusters and Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Yixing Yu, Lixiu Cao, Binqing Shen, Mingzhan Du, Wenhao Gu, Chunyan Gu, Yanfen Fan, Cen Shi, Qian Wu, Tao Zhang, Mo Zhu, Ximing Wang, Chunhong Hu","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.240213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To develop deep learning (DL) radiopathomics models based on contrast-enhanced MRI and pathologic imaging to predict vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods In this retrospective, multicenter study, 578 patients with HCC (mean age [±SD], 59 years ± 10; 442 male, 136 female) were divided into the training (<i>n</i> = 317), internal (<i>n</i> = 137), and external (<i>n</i> = 124) test sets. DL radiomics and pathomics models were developed to predict VETC using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR and pathologic images. Deep radiomics score (DRS) and handcrafted and deep pathomics scores were compared between the group with VETC pattern in HCC (VETC+) and group without VETC pattern in HCC (VETC-). Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors, and the radiopathomics nomogram models were developed for early recurrence and progression-free survival (PFS). The prognostic power was evaluated using the concordance index (C index) and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results In the external test set, the Swin Transformer showed good performance for predicting VETC in both DL radiomics (area under the ROC curve [AUC], 0.77-0.79) and pathomics (AUC, 0.79) models. Patients with VETC+ HCC had significantly higher DRS and handcrafted and deep pathomics scores compared with patients with VETC- HCC in all datasets (all <i>P</i> < .001). The radiopathomics nomogram model incorporating DRS in the arterial phase and the handcrafted and deep pathomics scores achieved C indexes of 0.69, 0.60, and 0.67 for early recurrence and time-dependent AUCs of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.91), 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.94), and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.88) for 3-year PFS in the training, internal, and external test sets, respectively. Early recurrence and PFS rates statistically significantly differed between the high- and low-risk patients stratified by the radiopathomics nomogram model (all <i>P</i> < .05). Conclusion DL radiopathomics models effectively helped to predict VETC in HCC and assess the risk for early recurrence and PFS. <b>Keywords:</b> Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Deep Learning, MRI, Radiopathomics, Survival <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e240213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¹⁸F-FLT PET in Gastrointestinal Graft versus Host Disease: An Emerging Paradigm.","authors":"Austin R Pantel, David J Tischfield","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.240412","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e240412"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of US-guided Core Needle Biopsy for Nipple Lesions.","authors":"Maggie Chung, Paran Davari","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.259006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e259006"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Supine Breast MRI for Residual Tumor Assessment after Breast-Conserving Therapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer.","authors":"Jirarat Jirarayapong, Leah H Portnow, Jayender Jagadeesan, Dylan C Kwait, Zhou Lan, Thanh U Barbie, Melissa A Mallory, Leah Kim, Mehra Golshan, Eva C Gombos","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.240158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of intraoperative supine MRI (isMRI) in identifying residual tumor burden immediately after breast-conserving therapy (BCT). Materials and Methods This single-institution prospective study (April 2012-December 2022) included 43 consecutive participants with stage 0-II breast cancer. Three participants with multicentric disease were excluded from the final analysis. Preoperative supine MRI was performed after standard preoperative prone MRI to compare tumor sizes and distances to the nipple, chest wall, and skin. After lumpectomy, the saline-filled surgical cavity was assessed for residual tumor at 3-T isMRI in the operating suite. Diagnostic accuracy of isMRI findings in identifying residual tumor at resection margins was assessed using histopathology of shave margin specimens as the reference standard. Performance metrics of isMRI and re-excision rates were analyzed at per-participant and per-margin levels. Results Forty participants (median age, 58.5 years; range, 40-76 years) with 44 breast cancers (36 unifocal and four multifocal) underwent BCT, all with a single lumpectomy site. Margin assessment using isMRI yielded accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 80%, 50%, 93%, 75%, and 81% per participant, respectively; and 93%, 52%, 97%, 65%, and 96% per margin. Second re-excision was avoided in two of six (33%) participants with true-positive isMRI readings, decreasing the final re-excision rate from 18% to 13%. Histopathology of six false-negative isMRI cases revealed residual invasive carcinomas, all smaller than 0.3 cm, or intermediate-to-high grade ductal carcinoma in situ. Conclusion Intraoperative assessment for residual tumor after BCT using isMRI demonstrated promising accuracy to guide targeted margin clearance within the same operation. <b>Keywords:</b> Breast, MR-Imaging, MR-Dynamic Contrast Enhanced, Oncology <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e240158"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Ablation versus Surgical Resection for Management of Small Colorectal Liver Metastases: Insights from the COLLISION Trial.","authors":"Radhika Rajeev, Hero K Hussain","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.259008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e259008"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Trends in Nonphysician Imaging Interpretation.","authors":"Lauren E Burkard-Mandel","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/rycan.259005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 2","pages":"e259005"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Feasibility of US-guided Microwave Ablation for the Treatment of Bethesda III Thyroid Nodules with Negative Eight-Gene Panel Mutational Profile.","authors":"Qingqing Tang, Jiawei Chen, Dengke Zhang, Qingnan Huang, Yong Chen, Xuexin Liang, Kai Zeng, Yuxian Guo, Mingliang Huang, Yanghui Wei","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240058","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of US-guided thermal ablation in the treatment of Bethesda III thyroid nodules with negative eight-gene panel testing results. Materials and Methods This retrospective single-center study included patients with thyroid nodules diagnosed as Bethesda category III (atypia of undetermined significance) at fine-needle aspiration biopsy and with negative eight-gene testing results who were treated with US-guided microwave ablation (MWA) between July 2020 and September 2023. Incidence of complications, technical success rate (TSR), volume reduction rate (VRR), nodule recurrence, and thyroid function were evaluated over a follow-up period of 2 years. Data before and after MWA were compared using variance analysis and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel χ² test. Results A total of 101 Bethesda III nodules were detected in 95 patients (mean ± SD age, 47.08 years ±14.63; 79 female patients, 16 male patients), all of which were completely ablated (100% TSR). Two patients experienced mild neck swelling and pressure sensation after the minimally invasive operation, and the incidence of postoperative complications was 2% (two of 95). None of the patients experienced tumor recurrence or progression. At 2-year follow-up, the mean VRR of the ablated area was 90.88% ± 13.59 in 15 patients; 87% (13 of 15) of these patients had a 100% VRR. There was no evidence of a difference in thyroid function before and after MWA from 1 to 24 months (<i>P</i> = .15-.99). Conclusion US-guided MWA was safe and effective for the treatment of Bethesda III thyroid nodules with negative eight-gene panel testing results. <b>Keywords:</b> Ablation Techniques, Radiation Therapy/Oncology, Head/Neck, Thyroid, Safety, Observer Performance Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 1","pages":"e240058"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid Nodule Ablation: Ever Expanding Indications.","authors":"Salomao Faintuch, Barry A Sacks","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240423","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 1","pages":"e240423"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}