Psychopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Neurexin1α knockout in rats causes aberrant social behaviour: relevance for autism and schizophrenia.","authors":"E J Marijke Achterberg, Barbara Biemans, Louk J M J Vanderschuren","doi":"10.1007/s00213-024-06559-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-024-06559-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Genetic and environmental factors cause neuropsychiatric disorders through complex interactions that are far from understood. Loss-of-function mutations in synaptic proteins like neurexin1α have been linked to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), both characterised by problems in social behaviour. Childhood social play behaviour is thought to facilitate social development, and lack of social play may precipitate or exacerbate ASD and SCZ.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To test the hypothesis that an environmental insult acts on top of genetic vulnerability to precipitate psychiatric-like phenotypes. To that aim, social behaviour in neurexin1α knockout rats was assessed, with or without deprivation of juvenile social play. We also tested drugs prescribed in ASD or SCZ to assess the relevance of this dual-hit model for these disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neurexin1α knockout rats showed an aberrant social phenotype, with high amounts of social play, increased motivation to play, age-inappropriate sexual mounting, and an increase in general activity. Play deprivation subtly altered later social behaviour, but did not affect the phenotype of neurexin1α knockout rats. Risperidone and methylphenidate decreased play behaviour in both wild-type and knockout rats. Amphetamine-induced hyperactivity was exaggerated in neurexin1α knockout rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deletion of the neurexin1α gene in rats causes exaggerated social play, which is not modified by social play deprivation. This phenotype therefore resembles disinhibited behaviour rather than the social withdrawal seen in ASD and SCZ. The neurexin1α knockout rat could be a model for inappropriate or disinhibited social behaviour seen in childhood mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1069-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low to moderate doses of 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) produce analgesic effects in healthy volunteers: a proof of principle study with a designer drug.","authors":"Johannes G Ramaekers, Johannes T Reckweg, Natasha L Mason, Kim Pc Kuypers, Stefan W Toennes, Eef L Theunissen","doi":"10.1007/s00213-025-06798-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-025-06798-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>3-Methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) is a synthetic cathinone that has been scheduled in many jurisdictions after it appeared on the consumer market as a designer drug or \"legal high\". At present, there are no medical applications for synthetic cathinones, but in the past cathinone and other compounds that are structurally related to amphetamine have been evaluated and recognized for their intrinsic analgesic quality. The present study aimed to assess the analgesic effects of low to moderate doses (25, 50 and 100 mg) of 3-MMC in healthy volunteers (N = 14) in a cross-over, placebo-controlled study. Participants were repeatedly exposed to experimental pain for up to 5 h after dosing in pressure pain threshold (PPT) and cold pressor test (CPT) paradigms. A profile of mood states questionnaire was used to assess the subjective effects of 3-MMC. Overall, 3-MMC produced dose-related elevations in pressure pain threshold and reduced subjective painfulness and unpleasantness in both experimental pain models. The analgesic effects of 3-MMC were most prominent after the 50 and 100 mg dose and persisted consistently for up to 5 h after dosing. 3-MMC also produced dose-related increments in mood that were prominent at 1 h, but not at 5 h after dosing. It is concluded that 3-MMC produces prolonged analgesic effects at doses that appear low enough to avoid a challenging subjective experience and that have been associated with a benign side effect profile. The present data warrant further research into the analgesic effects of low to moderate doses of 3-MMC in patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1 on rodent models of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ya-Ting Wang, Xiao-Le Wang, Lan Lei, Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00213-024-06649-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-024-06649-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disease, and ginsenoside Rg1 is a bioactive compound extracted from the root of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. To systematically investigate the effectiveness of Rg1 in rodent models of depression and provide evidence-based references for treating depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic searches for rodent studies were performed from inception to October 2022, e.g., PUBMED and EMBASE. Data extraction and quality evaluation were performed for the references, and meta-analysis was performed on the selected data using Review Manager 5.3.5. The outcomes were analyzed via a random-effect model and presented as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 studies and 678 animals were included in this meta-analysis. Rg1 remarkably improved depressive-like symptoms of depressed rodents, including the sucrose preference test (25.08, 95% CI: 20.17-30.00, Z = 10.01, P < 0.00001), forced swimming test (MD = -37.69, 95% CI: (-45.18, -30.2); Z = 9.86, P < 0.00001), and the tail suspension test (MD = -22.93, seconds, 95% CI: (-38.49, -7.37); Z = 2.89, P = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The main antidepressant mechanism of Rg1 was concluded to be the neurotransmitter system, oxidant stress system, and inflammation. Conclusively, this study indicated the possible protective and therapeutic effects of Rg1 for treating depression via multiple mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1137-1155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C57BL/6J offspring mice reared by a single-mother exhibit, compared to mice reared in a biparental parenting structure, distinct neural activation patterns and heightened ethanol-induced anxiolysis.","authors":"Lucila Pasquetta, Eliana Ferreyra, Aranza Wille-Bille, Ricardo Marcos Pautassi, Abraham Ramirez, Jesica Piovano, Juan Carlos Molina, Roberto Sebastián Miranda-Morales","doi":"10.1007/s00213-024-06627-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-024-06627-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Parenting experiences with caregivers play a key role in neurodevelopment. We recently reported that adolescents reared by a single-mother (SM) display an anxiety-prone phenotype and drink more alcohol, compared to peers derived from a biparental (BP) rearing condition.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate if SM and BP offspring infant mice exhibit differential sensitivity to ethanol-induced locomotor activity and differential activity patterns in brain areas related to anxiety response. We also analyzed anxiety response and ethanol-induced anxiolysis in SM and BP adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice reared in SM or BP conditions were assessed for (a) ethanol-induced locomotor activity at infancy, (b) central expression of Fos-like proteins (likely represented mostly by FosB, a transcription factor that accumulates after chronic stimuli exposure and serves as a molecular marker of neural plasticity) and cathecolaminergic activity, and (c) anxiety-like behavior and ethanol-induced anxiolysis in adolescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infant mice were sensitive to the stimulating effects of 2.0 g/kg alcohol, regardless parenting structure. SM mice exhibited, relative to BP mice, a significantly greater number of Fos-like positive cells in the central amygdala and basolateral amygdala nuclei. Ethanol treatment, but not parenting condition, induced greater activation of dopaminergic neurons in ventral tegmental area. SM, but not BP, adolescent mice were sensitive to ethanol-induced anxiolysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight the complex relationship between parenting experiences and neurodevelopment. The SM parenting may result in greater neural activation patterns in brain areas associated with anxiety response, potentially contributing to increased basal anxiety and alcohol sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1123-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific effects of neuromodulatory drugs on normal and stress-induced social dominance and aggression in rats.","authors":"Sara Ishaq, Saadia Zahid, Touqeer Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s00213-023-06503-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-023-06503-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social hierarchies are important for individual's well-being, professional and domestic growth, harmony of the society, as well as survival and morbidity. Studies have revealed sexual dimorphism in the social abilities; however, data is limited on the sex-specific effects of various drugs used to treat psychiatric disorders and social deficits.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed at evaluating the sex-dependent effects of Risperidone (antipsychotic that targets D2 dopaminergic, 5HT₂A serotonergic, and α-adrenergic receptors), Donepezil (a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor), and Paroxetine (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) on social hierarchy in rats under normal and stressed states.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>8-12 weeks old male and female Wistar rats were divided into sex-wise 4-4 groups, i.e., 1. control group, 2. Risperidone treated group (3 mg/kg/day), 3. Donepezil treated group (5 mg/kg/day), and Paroxetine treated group (10 mg/kg/day). Rats were treated with these drugs in phase I for 21 days in distilled drinking water, followed by a no (drugs) treatment break of 10 days. After the break phase II started with the administration of drugs (same as in phase I) along with tilt-cage stress for 21 days. Home cage activity assessment was performed once a week during both phases (I & II), while tube dominance and resident intruder tests were performed at the end of each phase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In phase I in both sexes, Risperidone treatment decreased social interaction and motor activity while Paroxetine treatment increased these in both sexes compared to their respective control groups. Social dominance and aggression were reduced after treatment with both of these drugs. In contrast, Donepezil treatment caused an increase in motor activity in females whereas reduced motor activity in males. Furthermore, Donepezil treatment caused reduction in interaction but increased social dominance and aggression were observed in both sexes. In phase II, stress led to an overall decrease in motor activity and social interaction of animals. Treatment with Risperidone, Paroxetine, and Donepezil caused a sex-specific effect on, motor activity, social interaction, and social exploration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results showed that Risperidone has stronger effects on male social behavior whereas Paroxetine and Donepezil differentially affect social abilities in both sexes during normal and stressed situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1011-1024"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138295872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noradrenergic modulation of play in Sprague-Dawley and F344 rats.","authors":"Stephen M Siviy, Michelle A Martin, Celeste M Campbell","doi":"10.1007/s00213-023-06419-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-023-06419-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>For many mammals, engaging in social play behavior as a juvenile is important for cognitive, social, and emotional health as an adult. A playful phenotype reflects a dynamic interplay between genetic framework and experiences that operate on hard-wired brain systems so the relative lack of play in an otherwise playful species may be useful for identifying neural substrates that modulate play behavior. The inbred F344 rat has been identified as a strain that is consistently less playful than other strains commonly used in behavioral research. Norepinephrine (NE) acting on alpha-2 receptors has an inhibitory effect on play and F344 rats differ from a number of other strains in NE functioning. As such, the F344 rat may be particularly useful for gaining insight into NE involvement in play.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine whether the F344 rat is differentially sensitive to compounds that affect NE functioning and that are known to affect play behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using pouncing and pinning to quantify play, the effects of the NE reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine, the NE alpha-2 receptor agonist guanfacine, and the NE alpha-2 receptor antagonist RX821002 on play behavior were assessed in juvenile Sprague-Dawley (SD) and F344 rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Atomoxetine and guanfacine reduced play in both SD and F344 rats. RX821002 increased pinning to a comparable extent in both strains but F344 rats were more sensitive to the play-enhancing effects of RX821002 on pounces.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strain differences in NE alpha-2 receptor dynamics may contribute to the lower levels of play in F344 rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"955-964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9765091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renewal of cocaine seeking using social and nonsocial contextual stimuli.","authors":"Bree A Humburg, Michael T Bardo","doi":"10.1007/s00213-023-06414-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-023-06414-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Various nonsocial cues have been used as stimuli to examine the contextual control of drug seeking behavior, but little is known about the role of social stimuli.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study determined if renewal of cocaine seeking is differentially controlled using a context consisting of either a social peer and/or house light illumination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Experiment 1, male and female rats trained to self-administer cocaine in the presence of a same-sex social peer and house light illumination (context A). Following self-administration, rats were randomly assigned to either an AAA (control) or ABA (renewal) group for extinction. For AAA rats, extinction consisted of the same context A as self-administration; for ABA rats, extinction occurred without the peer or house light (context B). Following extinction, renewal of cocaine seeking occurred by testing the peer alone, house light alone, and the peer + house light combination. Experiment 2 was conducted to ensure that the house light alone was sufficiently salient to produce renewal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both experiments showed that rats acquired cocaine self-administration and extinguished lever pressing. In Experiment 1, the ABA group renewed cocaine seeking to the peer and peer + house light, but not to the house light alone. In Experiment 2, ABA rats renewed cocaine seeking to the house light alone, indicating it was sufficiently salient to produce renewal. The AAA group did not show renewal in either experiment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Social peers serve as powerful stimuli that can overshadow nonsocial visual stimuli in the renewal of cocaine seeking.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"945-953"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10806405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9727679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone and orexin shape social affective behavior via action in the insular cortex of rat.","authors":"Lucas Barretto-de-Souza, Shemar A Joseph, Francesca M Lynch, Alexandra J Ng, Carlos C Crestani, John P Christianson","doi":"10.1007/s00213-023-06408-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-023-06408-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>In a social context, individuals are able to detect external information from others and coordinate behavioral responses according to the situation, a phenomenon called social decision-making. Social decision-making is multifaceted, influenced by emotional and motivational factors like stress, sickness, and hunger. However, the neurobiological basis for motivational state competition and interaction is not well known.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated possible neural mechanisms through which internal states could shape social behavior in a social affective preference (SAP) test. In the SAP test, experimental rats given a choice to interact with naïve or stressed conspecifics exhibit an age-dependent preference to interact with stressed juvenile conspecifics, but avoid stressed adult conspecifics. First, we assessed the effect of food and water deprivation on SAP behavior. Behavior in the SAP test requires the insular cortex, which receives input from the ingestion-related peptides melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and orexin neurons of the lateral hypothalamus (LH). This study aimed to evaluate the role of LH and insular MCH and orexin in SAP test.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SAP tests were conducted in rats that were sated, food and water deprived or allowed 1 h of access to food and water after 14 h of deprivation (relieved condition). Separate cohorts of sated rats received cannula implants for microinjection of drugs to inhibit the LH or to block or stimulate MCH or orexin receptors in the insula prior to SAP tests or social interaction tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Food and water deprivation prior to SAP tests with juvenile rats caused a shift in preference away from the stressed rat toward the naïve juveniles. Pharmacological inhibition of LH with muscimol (100 ng/side) abolished the preference for the juvenile-stressed conspecific, as well as the preference for the adult naïve conspecific. The blockade of MCH receptor 1or orexin receptors in the insular cortex with SNAP94847 (50 μM) or TCS1102 (1 μM), respectively, also abolished the preference for the stressed juvenile conspecific, but only the antagonism of orexin receptors was able to abolish the preference for the adult naïve conspecific. Microinjection of increasing doses (50 or 500 nM) of MCH or orexin-A in the insular cortex increased the interaction time in the one-on-one social interaction test with juvenile conspecifics; however, only the microinjection of orexin-A increased the interaction time with adult naïve conspecifics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, these results suggest that lateral hypothalamus peptides shape the direction of social approach or avoidance via actions MCH and orexin neurotransmission in the insular cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"929-943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9750383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An automated group-housed oral fentanyl self-administration method in mice.","authors":"Noa Peretz-Rivlin, Idit Marsh-Yvgi, Yonatan Fatal, Anna Terem, Hagit Turm, Yavin Shaham, Ami Citri","doi":"10.1007/s00213-024-06528-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-024-06528-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale and objectives: </strong>Social factors play a critical role in human drug addiction, and humans often consume drugs together with their peers. In contrast, in traditional animal models of addiction, rodents consume or self-administer the drug in their homecage or operant self-administration chambers while isolated from their peers. Here, we describe HOMECAGE (\"Home-cage Observation and Measurement for Experimental Control and Analysis in a Group-housed Environment\"), a translationally relevant method for studying oral opioid self-administration in mice. This setting reduces experimental confounds introduced by social isolation or interaction with the experimenter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We have developed HOMECAGE, a method in which mice are group-housed and individually monitored for their consumption of a drug vs. a reference liquid.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mice in HOMECAGE preserve naturalistic aspects of behavior, including social interactions and circadian activity. The mice showed a preference for fentanyl and escalated their fentanyl intake over time. Mice preferred to consume fentanyl in bouts during the dark cycle. Mice entrained to the reinforcement schedule of the task, optimizing their pokes to obtain fentanyl rewards, and maintained responding for fentanyl under a progressive ratio schedule. HOMECAGE also enabled the detection of cage-specific and individual-specific behavior patterns and allowed the identification of differences in fentanyl consumption between co-housed control and experimental mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HOMECAGE serves as a valuable procedure for translationally relevant studies on oral opioid intake under conditions that more closely mimic the human condition. The method enables naturalistic investigation of factors contributing to opioid addiction-related behaviors and can be used to identify novel treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1041-1053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139513375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological mechanisms of observational learning in human placebo effects.","authors":"Nandini Raghuraman, Jewel N White, Lakota Watson, Carmen-Édith Belleï-Rodriguez, Roni Shafir, Yang Wang, Luana Colloca","doi":"10.1007/s00213-024-06608-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00213-024-06608-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scientific evidence indicates that placebo effects are psychoneurobiological events involving the contribution of distinct central nervous systems and peripheral physiological mechanisms that influence pain perception and other symptoms. Placebo effects can occur without formal conditioning and direct prior experience because crucial information can be acquired through observational learning. Observation of benefits in another person results in placebo effects of a magnitude like those induced by directly experiencing an analgesic benefit. Understanding the psychological mechanisms of observationally induced placebo effects is a complex and multifaceted endeavor. While previous reviews have highlighted various frameworks and models to understand these phenomena, the underlying biological mechanisms have been overlooked. We summarize critically current understanding of its behavioral and neural mechanisms. Understanding the neural mechanisms of hypoalgesia driven by observation can serve as a foundation for future development of novel theoretical and methodological approaches and ultimately, applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20783,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"889-900"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11561162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}