Przeglad epidemiologiczny最新文献

{"title":"Tetanus in Poland in 2020-2022.","authors":"Agnieszka Rumik, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz","doi":"10.32394/pe/195960","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/195960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tetanus is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium <i>Clostridium tetani,</i> which produces a neurotoxin (tetanospasmin) that causes spastic paralysis. This disease can only be prevented by vaccination. Tetanus is very rare in EU countries, where it mainly affects people over 60 years of age. Tetanus is a serious health problem in countries with low vaccination rates and poor hygiene conditions, and neonatal tetanus is a particularly significant problem in these countries. In Poland, according to the Vaccination Program, mandatory vaccinations against tetanus should be given to children and adolescents up to the age of 19.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of tetanus in Poland in 2020-2022.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The assessment of the epidemiological situation of tetanus in Poland in 2020-2022 was made based on the interpretation of data from the annual bulletins \"Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland\" for 2020-2022 and the bulletins \"Vaccinations in Poland\" for 2020-2022 as well as data from individual epidemiological reports on diseases registered in the \"Epibaza\" system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2020, 2 cases of tetanus were registered in Poland, in 2021 - 5 cases, and in 2022 also 5 cases. The total incidence in 2020 was 0.005 per 100 000 people, in 2021 and 2022 - 0.013 per 100 000 and was lower compared to the median for 2015-2019 (0.031). In 2020-2021, all reports concerned hospitalized people, while in 2022 one person was treated as an outpatient. No cases were recorded in people under 30 years of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Poland, a decrease in the number of reported tetanus cases was observed in 2020-2022 compared to previous years. Sporadic tetanus cases in Poland are recorded mainly in older age groups but also occur among adults under 60 years of age. The cases can be associated with the lack of booster vaccinations in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"439-446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-ray wagons in the fight against tuberculosis after World War II: primary source analysis and presentation of chosen iconography.","authors":"Kacper Rosner-Leszczyński","doi":"10.32394/pe/196581","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/196581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents the history of X-ray wagons whose service contributed to improving the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. The main aim of the paper is to analyse the surviving sources and present a contributory study that will draw the attention of researchers to the role of X-ray wagons in post-war Poland. The paper uses selected press titles, documents and witness accounts. The article is supplemented by a rich iconography found during a research in the State Archive in Wrocław (Archiwum Państwowe we Wrocławiu) and in the press. Due to the research, it has been possible to reconstruct - at least partially - the appearance, equipment and operation of X-ray wagons in post-war Poland. The study carried out in this article paves the way for further, more extensive studies. <b></b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"414-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral health literacy of patients attending community dental outreach program: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ridhi Aggarwal, Ramandeep Singh Gambhir, Ravinder SIngh, Mandeep Kumar, Deepak Bala, Rashmi Verma","doi":"10.32394/pe/195904","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/195904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited health literacy among adults contributes to poor health outcomes. Low health and oral health literacy (OHL) are particularly more visible among rural population of developing countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study was done to assess OHL among patients attending a community dental outreach program in Punjab, India.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 652 patients who attended who attended community dental out-reach program regularly organized by the institute. A self-constructed questionnaire (divided into Section A and Section B) written in English and Punjabi language was given to each subject. OHL was graded on a 15-point Likert scale and was assessed as low, medium and high on the basis of sum of total responses. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS-21 statistical package. ANOVA and Student t-test were used to do comparisons between different groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>52.4% of the study subjects had low OHL scores and only 19.3% of subjects had high scores. Dental terms like 'mouth-guard', 'abrasion' and 'abscess' were known to only 20.4%, 37.4% and 32.5% of the subjects respectively. The mean OHL score revealed a significant association with the occupation (p=0.035) of study subjects. Only 45.2% of study subjects were 'interested in seeking more information on oral health' and it was significantly associated with the educational qualification of study subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More than half of the subjects had low OHL scores. There is an urgent need to address this problem, especially among the rural population by taking appropriate measures by the government so that their health literacy level can be raised.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"408-413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B in Poland in 2022.","authors":"Małgorzata Stępień, Patrycja Myszka-Szymanowska","doi":"10.32394/pe/197864","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/197864","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"479-495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious diseases in Poland in 2022.","authors":"Magdalena Rosinska, Mirosław P Czarkowski, Małgorzata Sadkowska-Todys","doi":"10.32394/pe/202170","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/202170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We summarize the epidemiological situation of infectious diseases in 2022 in Poland, with particular attention to the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the influx of refugees from Ukraine, which occurred as a result of Russian aggression against this country.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The evaluation uses published surveillance reports for individual diseases (Epidemiological chronicle) and data from the national register of infectious diseases Epibaza, which collects mandatory reports and information obtained during epidemiological investigations conducted by the State Sanitary Inspection. Data on mortality were obtained from Statistics Poland.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2022, 2,370,351 cases of COVID-19 and 29,026 deaths due to this disease were recorded. COVID-19 mortality in 2022 was significantly lower (by 68%) than in 2021, although COVID-19 still caused more deaths than other infectious diseases combined. In 2022, mass testing for SARS-CoV-2 was withdrawn, causing much higher incidence underestimation. For diseases such as influenza and influenza-like illnesses, chickenpox, Lyme disease, the 2022 incidence corresponded to the median for the years 2016-2020. The incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (+70.8% vs. 2016-2020 median), Clostridioides difficile infections (+93.5% vs. 2016-2020 median), norovirus infections (+62.8% vs. 2016-2020 median), invasive pneumococcal disease (+88.8% vs. 2016-2020 median), and sexually transmitted infections returned to the upward trend. In the case of HIV, diagnoses among migrants from Ukraine also contributed to the increased number of new diagnoses (+100.9%). Migrants from Ukraine accounted for the highest percentage of HIV/AIDS cases (23.9%), hepatitis B (6.2%) and C (10.6%), tuberculosis (4.6%), measles (11.1%), and rubella (4.8%). The size of the Ukrainian migrant population in Poland is estimated at 2%-3% of the general population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For most diseases, there was an increase in recorded incidence compared to 2020-2021 and a return to pre-pandemic trends. The impact of the influx of refugees from Ukraine was small for most diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"524-542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pertussis in Poland in 2022.","authors":"Agnieszka Rumik, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz","doi":"10.32394/pe/195724","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/195724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland in 2022 was influenced by the cancellation of the COVID-19 epidemic and the introduction of an epidemic threat. Decisions related to the gradual easing of restrictions on social contacts and the abolition of the obligation to wear masks caused the number of pertussis cases to slowly start to increase. The most effective strategy for preventing pertussis remains the immunization of children in accordance with the National Immunization Program, and in the case of adults, vaccination repeated systematically every 10 years and immunization of pregnant women in the second/third trimester of each pregnancy. Pertussis remains a public health problem because the immunity obtained through vaccination does not last a lifetime.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland in 2022 compared to the situation in previous years, with particular emphasis on assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and assessing the vaccination status of children against pertussis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The assessment of the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland was made based on the results of the analysis of individual reports on pertussis cases registered at the NIPH NIH - NRI in the Epibaza system and data from the annual bulletins \"Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland\" and the bulletin \"Vaccinations in Poland in 2022\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2022, 371 cases of pertussis were recorded. The incidence was 0.98/100 000 and was 104% higher than in 2021. The highest incidence of pertussis occurred in children aged 0-4 years (6.7/100 000), and high in children aged 5-9 years (2.0/100 000). Over 51% of cases concerned people over 15 years of age. A higher incidence was observed in women in general compared to men, and a higher incidence in cities than in rural areas. In 2022, among people with pertussis, 151 (41%) required hospitalization. In 2022, the vaccination rate of children aged 2 years with 4 doses of the pertussis vaccine was 94.3% in total. In 2022, one case of disease resulting in death due to pertussis was reported to the epidemiological surveillance system.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Poland, in 2022, there was an increase in the number of pertussis cases compared to the previous year, which was undoubtedly influenced by the gradual lifting of restrictions on social contacts and the obligation to wear masks. The increase in the number of people susceptible to pertussis may lead to the occurrence of compensatory epidemics in the future, therefore a high level of vaccination of the population (above 95%) should be maintained to prevent new cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"428-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis in Poland in 2022.","authors":"Maria Joanna Korzeniewska-Koseła, Stefan Wesołowski","doi":"10.32394/pe/196970","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/196970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) tuberculosis remains a worldwide health problem.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the TB epidemiology in 2022 in Poland and compare it with European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Analysis of cases registered in 2022, drug susceptibility results, Central Statistical Office data on deaths due to tuberculosis, NIZP PZH - PIB data on tuberculosis as an AIDS-indicative disease, and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2022, 4314 cases of TB were registered in Poland (11.4 per 100 000), including 4148 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Pulmonary TB was confirmed bacteriologically in 81.9% (9.0 per 100 000). 98 patients had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The highest incidence was in older age groups. The incidence in men was three times higher than in women. Foreigners (295) accounted for 6.8 per cent of all patients. Number of cases with HIV co-infection is unknown, just like the treatment outcomes. 472 persons died from TB (mortality 1.2 per 100 000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2022, TB incidence in Poland was higher than in 2021 (by 17.5%). The percentage of TB cases with bacteriological confirmation was 80.9%, in EU/EEA countries 70.6%. The percentage of MDR-TB among cases with known drug susceptibility was lower than in EU/EEA countries (3.1% vs. 4.4%). In Poland the highest incidence was in older age groups, in EU/EEA countries in persons aged 25 to 44. Children represented 1% in total, in the EU/EEA countries 3.5%. In Poland, the incidence of tuberculosis in males was three times higher than in females, in EU/EEA countries twice. Foreigners made up 6.8% of all, in the EU/EEA countries 33.3%. In the EU/EEA countries the percentage of tuberculosis patients infected with HIV was 4.1% of cases with known HIV status, data not known for Poland. Treatment outcomes not reported in Poland. TB mortality in Poland has not decreased.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"496-511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV infections and AIDS in Poland in 2022.","authors":"Marta Niedźwiedzka-Stadnik, Ewa Nowakowska-Radziwonka, Anna Marzec-Bogusławska","doi":"10.32394/pe/197855","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/197855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2022 due to increase in the number of migrants from Ukraina changes in HIV epidemiological situation in Poland was noticed e.g., double number of new infections, increase among women and children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of newly diagnosed HIV infections, AIDS cases and death among AIDS cases in Poland in 2022 in comparison to the changes in preceding years.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Analysis of the epidemiological situation was based on reports of newly detected HIV and AIDS cases received from doctors and laboratories and the results of the annual survey of HIV testing conducted among the laboratories throughout the country. A dataset on clients from anonymous Voluntary Testing and Counselling (VCT) network was also used. They are coordinated by the National AIDS Center, which anonymously collects epidemiological and behaviour data on people who come for testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2022 there were 2 604 HIV cases newly diagnosed in Poland (diagnosis rate 6.88 per 100,000), including 753 among non-Polish citizens. The number of newly detected HIV infections increased by 78.2% compared to the previous year and was higher by 97.7% compared to the median in 2016-2020 years. The number of non-Polish citizens increased by 219,1%. The total number of AIDS cases was 137 (incidence 0.36 per 100,000). The HIV infection was most often detected in the age group 30-39 (36.6%) and among men (67.2%). Among cases with known transmission route, 42.9% concerned among men who had sexual contact with men and 41.9% by heterosexual contacts. The percentage of AIDS cases diagnosed at the same time with HIV diagnosis increased by more than 6 percent points in comparison to 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2022 the number of newly detected HIV infections increased significantly in Poland compared to the previous year, probably due to HIV infection registered among Ukrainian migrants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"459-478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lyme disease in Ukraine in 2000-2023.","authors":"Orest Zolotukhin, Vira Tril, Anastasiia Volkova, Yulian Konechnyi","doi":"10.32394/pe/195666","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/195666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lyme disease (LD) is the most common tick-borne zoonotic infection in Europe and North America, caused by Borrelia spp., primarily transmitted through the bite of infected Ixodes ticks. The disease has become a significant public health concern in Ukraine, with the number of reported cases steadily increasing since the initiation of official registration in 2000. Despite this trend, the epidemiological characteristics of LD in Ukraine, particularly its geographic distribution and the influence of socio-political events on its prevalence, remain underexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the incidence of LD in Ukraine from 2000 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study utilized official statistical data of registered LM cases in Ukraine from the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and relevant literature sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the 23-year period (2000-2023), a total of 45,371 cases of Lyme disease (LD) were recorded in Ukraine, with an annual average of 1,890 ± 1,662 cases. A significant increase was observed in 2015, with an additional rise in 2022, both likely linked to socio-political events such as the reorganization of health services and the war-related population displacement. The highest incidence was recorded in 2023, at 14.08 cases per 100,000 population. Geographic analysis revealed that Kyiv and the Kyiv region had the highest incidence rates, with urban areas being disproportionately affected. Notably, 83.2% of the cases were recorded among urban residents, reflecting a clear urban-rural disparity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incidence of Lyme disease in Ukraine has significantly increased over the past 23 years, particularly in urban areas. The peaks in 2015 and 2022 suggest potential links to socio-political disruptions, such as changes in health services and population displacement due to the war. These findings underscore the need for improved public health strategies, with a particular focus on managing LD in urban settings, and addressing the urban-rural disparity in case distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"375-380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of impact of COVID-19 on temporomandibular disorders and its prevalence in Central India post-COVID: a survey.","authors":"Rajeev Srivastava, Roshni Jain, Raveena Makker, Rahul Razdan, Vedant Patel, Sourabh Khandelwal","doi":"10.32394/pe/199364","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/199364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are characterized by pain and dysfunction affecting the temporomandibular joints and surrounding muscles. TMD prevalence in the general population is estimated at 5-12%, with psychological factors like anxiety and depression contributing to its onset and progression. TMD's impact extends to various health conditions and psychological distress. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated musculoskeletal pain, with studies indicating a heightened prevalence of TMD among those affected.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and impact of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in individuals affected by COVID-19 in Central India.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in Central India from January to April 2024 and included 400 patients attending the hospital OPD. Participants were selected via convenience sampling, with a focus on those affected by COVID-19. Data was collected through a pre-tested, self-administered structured questionnaire, validated through expert consultation and a pilot study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0, assessing data distribution and significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among participants, 24.5% were aged 56 years or above, with 120 (30%) diagnosed with TMD. Of these, 46.67% were diagnosed post-COVID, with jaw pain being a prominent symptom. The pandemic worsened symptoms for 55.56% of participants, with many attributing this to increased stress. A significant number of participants sought medical help during the pandemic, but satisfaction with treatment options was low. Challenges such as increased pain and difficulty eating were reported, and most participants faced additional health issues post-COVID.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study reveals that TMD diagnosis and symptoms were notably affected by COVID-19, with increased pain and functional challenges reported. Despite seeking treatment, participants expressed dissatisfaction with available options, highlighting need for enhanced management and support strategies for TMD in the context of post-COVID health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"78 4","pages":"393-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}