Przeglad epidemiologiczny最新文献

{"title":"Tecovirimat for the treatment of monkeypox: A review of clinical trials.","authors":"Łukasz Dobrek","doi":"10.32394/pe/214793","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/214793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monkeypox (mpox) is a disease caused by infection with the monkeypox virus, which was previously endemic in Africa and has been reported in numerous countries on other continents since 2003. Clinically, patients initially present with lymphadenopathy and flu-like prodromal symptoms, followed by a generalized rash. Mpox infection is also associated with several health complications, including pneumonia, sepsis, encephalitis, and ocular damage. Treatment is primarily symptomatic and involves relieving pain and fever, managing skin lesions, and administering antibiotics for secondary infections. Potential antiviral treatments for mpox include virostatic drugs effective against smallpox viruses. The aim of this study was to identify clinical trials from the last 10 years evaluating the potential efficacy of tecovirimat, brincidofovir, and cidofovir in treating mpox infection, using the PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. The review revealed that currently ongoing or recruiting studies are exclusively assessing the efficacy and safety of tecovirimat. This drug has demonstrated activity against the mpox virus in preclinical studies using experimental models of the disease induced in nonhuman primates. Tecovirimat's efficacy has also been clinically confirmed in case reports of patients treated with this virostatic agent. However, the results of randomized clinical trials identified during the review are inconsistent. The STOMP and PALM007 trials did not demonstrate a benefit of tecovirimat in patients with mpox, while studies conducted in Italy and Japan indicate clinical efficacy of the drug. Given the inconclusive clinical evaluation of tecovirimat so far, the results of ongoing studies are awaited and should provide further evidence to better assess the role of tecovirimat in the pharmacotherapy of mpox.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"523-540"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lyme disease in Poland in 2023.","authors":"Jakub Maciej Zbrzeżniak, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz","doi":"10.32394/pe/216677","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/216677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lyme disease is a vector-borne disease transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes genus, caused by a heterogeneous group of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Human infection occurs through a tick bite and its feeding on the skin. Due to the diverse symptoms, diagnosing Lyme disease is challenging and usually involves a two-step serological approach. Currently, there is still no vaccine against Lyme disease, but in 2024, data on the immunogenicity and safety of the VLA15-221 vaccine, which is in the second phase of clinical trials, was announced.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study is to discuss the epidemiological situation of Lyme disease in Poland in 2023 compared to previous years.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>To assess the epidemiological situation of Lyme disease in Poland, data sent to NIPH NIH - NRI by the district Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations and published in the annual bulletin: \"Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2023\" were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, there were 25 285 reported cases of Lyme disease and 1 155 hospitalizations. This represents a significant increase in cases by 45.58% compared to the previous year. Seasonal variations in case occurrences are evident in distinct quarters, with the number rising from 2 466 in Q1 to 11 626 in Q3, and then declining in Q4 to 5 945. The highest incidence was recorded in the Małopolskie voivodeship (122.9 per 100,000), Podlaskie voivodeship (96 per 100,000), and Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodeship (95.2 per 100,000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The number of borreliosis cases returned to pre-pandemic levels but also increased by 22.57% compared to 2019 (20 630 cases), and doubled (95.49%) compared to 2020 (12 934 cases). Seasonality has remained unchanged for years. Usually, eastern Poland (most often the Podlaskie voivodeship) is characterised by the highest incidence, however, in 2023, the highest incidence was recorded in the Małopolskie voivodeship at 122.9 per 100,000.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"682-689"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV infections and AIDS in Poland in 2023.","authors":"Marta Niedźwiedzka-Stadnik, Ewa Nowakowska-Radziwonka, Anna Marzec-Bogusławska","doi":"10.32394/pe/217374","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/217374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>After the increase in the number of new HIV infections observed since the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic (since 2021), and following the influx of migrants from Eastern Europe, in 2023 there was a decrease in the total number of HIV infections reported for epidemiological surveillance, both in the general population and among migrants.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of newly diagnosed HIV infections, AIDS cases and death among AIDS cases in Poland in 2023 in comparison to the changes in preceding years.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Analysis of the epidemiological situation was based on reports of newly detected HIV cases and AIDS cases received from doctors/laboratories and the results of the annual survey of HIV testing. A dataset on clients from anonymous Voluntary Testing and Counselling (VCT) network was also used, which anonymously collects epidemiological and behaviour data on people who come for testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023 there were 2 404 HIV cases newly diagnosed in Poland (diagnosis rate 6.37/100,000), including 612 among non-Polish citizens. The number of HIV infections decreased by 8.1% compared to last year and increased by 68.5% compared to the median (2017-2021). The total number of AIDS cases was 177 (incidence 0.47/100,000). The HIV infection was most often detected in the age group 30-39 (35.3%) and among men (74.3%). Among cases with known transmission route, 53.7% concerned MSM and 33.2% heterosexual contacts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2023, the number of newly diagnosed HIV infections decreased compared to the previous year. This is likely due to a decrease in the number of reported infections among migrants. However, due to the lack of information on nationality in a large proportion of registered cases, it is impossible to fully assess whether the reduction in new diagnoses also applies to the Polish population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"633-649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C in Poland in 2023.","authors":"Karolina Zakrzewska, Małgorzata Stępień","doi":"10.32394/pe/217303","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/217303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2023, new national policies expanded access to direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy for people who use drugs and for incarcerated individuals.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the epidemiological situation of HCV infection in Poland in 2023.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>National surveillance data for 2023 were analyzed and compared with 2022 and pre-pandemic trends (2015-2019). Data on deaths were obtained from Statistics Poland.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, a total of 3,267 confirmed HCV cases were reported in Poland, corresponding to a diagnosis rate of 8.65/100,000 population, representing a 29% increase compared with 2,528 cases in 2022 (6.7/100,000). Despite the overall rise in detection, the proportion of people who inject drugs among diagnosed infections remained stable at 3.2% level. Infections identified in penitentiary facilities accounted for 1.3% diagnosed cases, continuing a declining trend observed in previous years. In 2023, individuals of Polish nationality represented 81.9% of all reported HCV cases (2,677 cases), while people from Ukraine accounted for 4.0% (131/3,267) - an increase from 2.7% in 2022. The majority of hepatitis C cases among individuals originating from Ukraine were classified as imported infections, and the distribution of age groups and gender in this group was similar to that observed in the overall population of HCV diagnoses in 2023.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HCV detection in Poland has improved following the pandemic COVID-19; however, it remains below pre-2020 levels. The removal of abstinence requirements for people who use drugs and the inclusion of DAA therapy for incarcerated individuals represent an important step toward equitable access to HCV treatment, although these changes were not yet reflected in the epidemiological situation in 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"615-632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147676317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B in Poland, 2023-2024.","authors":"Małgorzata Stępień","doi":"10.32394/pe/215525","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/215525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis B remains a serious public health problem worldwide. Achievement of the goals of the global hepatitis elimination strategy has been significantly delayed, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since 2022, a gradual levelling of hepatitis B epidemiological indicators has been observed in Poland.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of hepatitis B and hepatitis B vaccination coverage in Poland in 2023 and 2024, compared to previous years.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The epidemiological situation of hepatitis B was assessed based on the analysis of the national hepatitis B and HBV infections surveillance system data recorded by the local sanitary and epidemiological stations in the Epibaza system. Data published in the annual bulletins \"Infectious Diseases and Poisonings in Poland\" and \"Vaccinations in Poland\" were also used, as well as data on deaths provided by the Demographic Surveys Department of Statistics Poland (GUS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023 and 2024, 36 and 32 cases of acute hepatitis B were recorded, respectively, resulting in an incidence of 0.1/100,000 and 0.09/100,000. The share of migrants among acute hepatitis B patients was 39% in 2023 and 25% in 2024, with no cases among children or young adults. Acute hepatitis B cases occurred in 14 of 16 voivodeships in 2023, and in 13 of 16 voivodeships in 2024. In 2023, 3,106 chronic and unknown stage (CHB and UNK) cases were recorded, and in 2024, 3,513, with a diagnosis rate of 8.24/100,000 and 9.35/100,000, respectively, which were higher than in the previous years. Imported cases of CHB and UNK accounted for 7% in 2023 and 9.9% in 2024, mostly acquired in Ukraine. The most frequently identified probable route of infection was medical procedures. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage HepB3 among 1-year-olds (in their second year of life) was 89.5% in 2023 and 87.3% in 2024.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2023 and 2024, a further increase in the number of diagnosed hepatitis B cases was observed, to levels exceeding those observed before the COVID-19 pandemic. Reintroduction of testing and the increased number of migrants, particularly from Ukraine, contributed to the increase in the incidence and the diagnosis rate of HepB cases. In 2023 and 2024, further declines in hepatitis B vaccination coverage among 1-year-old children were recorded, to below 90%.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"595-614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147676311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in 2021-2023.","authors":"Ewelina Księżak, Piotr Polański, Marta Kosyra, Zuzanna Nowacka, Małgorzata Sadkowska-Todys","doi":"10.32394/pe/218645","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/218645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food and waterborne diseases are a significant Public Health problem. In recent years, their epidemiology has been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic and the increasing burden of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infections (CDI).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assessment of epidemiological situation of foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in 2021-2023.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Routine surveillance data collected by the District Sanitary and Epidemiological Stations (PSSE) through the Registry of Epidemic Outbreaks and data from the bulletins \"Infectious Diseases and Poisonings in Poland\" (2021-2023) were analyzed. Incidence, etiology, outbreak settings and hospitalization rates were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021-2023, an increase in the number of cases of bacterial infections and intoxications was registered (over 90,000 cases, incidence 80.2/100,000) related to an increase in <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infections (56.4/100,000 in 2023 vs. median 29.5/100,000 in 2015-2019). Also, there was an increase in listeriosis incidence. Among viral infections most prevalent were rotaviral infections, with an increase in 2022 and a decrease in 2023 and incidence between 15.7-20.1/100,000. Between 2021 and 2023, 2,722 foodborne outbreaks were reported, in which 20,102 cases occurred (compared to 2,767 outbreaks and 22,681 cases between 2017 and 2019). Majority of outbreaks were of bacterial etiology (53%), among which the most prevalent were salmonellosis outbreaks, and in this category 80% were S. Enteritidis outbreaks. Proportion of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> outbreaks was 21.5% (16.5% of all outbreak cases), in medical facilities, outbreaks of this aetiology accounted for 78% of outbreaks. Overall, 27.9% of outbreak cases were hospitalized, most frequently in CDI and hepatitis A outbreaks. Outbreaks occurred mainly in household settings; however, most cases occurred in food-serving facilities and medical facilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2021-2023, the number of foodborne infections and intoxications outbreaks was comparable with the pre-pandemic period, but its aetiology-related structure changed (increases in CDI and viral etiology outbreaks. Those results may confirm the need of ongoing surveillance enhancement and laboratory diagnostic capacity development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"716-729"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147676219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the gut microbiome on the development of atherosclerosis and peripheral arterial disease: A narrative review.","authors":"Leon Smółka, Miłosz Strugała, Karolina Kursa, Bartosz Pomianowski, Karolina Blady, Krzysztof Bratek","doi":"10.32394/pe/214773","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/214773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive process affecting medium and large arteries, while peripheral artery disease (PAD) represents one of its clinical manifestations in the limb arteries. Although classical risk factors such as poor diet, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking are well established, increasing evidence indicates that the gut microbiome is an important and modifiable contributor to vascular pathophysiology. This paper reviews current knowledge on the role of the gut microbiome in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and PAD, with emphasis on bacterial metabolites, proinflammatory mechanisms, and potential therapeutic interventions. Gut dysbiosis-an imbalance in the intestinal microbial community-has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Patients with vascular diseases show higher levels of pro-atherogenic taxa, including Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Lachnoclostridium, and Family XI, alongside a reduction of beneficial short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria such as Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Coprococcus2, and Ruminococcaceae. Two key microbial metabolites influence vascular health. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), formed from choline and L-carnitine via microbial and hepatic metabolism, promotes endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and platelet reactivity, thereby accelerating atherosclerosis. Conversely, SCFAs-acetate, propionate, and butyrate-exert anti-inflammatory effects, improve insulin sensitivity, and enhance nitric oxide synthesis, resulting in vascular protection. Therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota show promising potential. These include the use of probiotics and prebiotics (notably Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG), adherence to a Mediterranean diet, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), all aimed at restoring eubiosis and a favorable intestinal metabolic profile. In summary, the gut microbiome appears to be a key modulator of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and PAD. Targeted modulation of gut microbial composition and activity may emerge as an innovative and effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"580-594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pertussis in Poland in 2023.","authors":"Agnieszka Rumik, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz","doi":"10.32394/pe/218544","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/218544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2023, a significant increase in the number of pertussis cases was recorded in Poland, which is consistent with the trend of a resurgence of respiratory diseases observed across Europe following the COVID-19 pandemic. This increase is related to factors such as declining population immunity, delays in vaccinations, and diagnostic difficulties, particularly in adults and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland in 2023 compared to the situation in previous years, with particular emphasis on assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and assessing the vaccination status of children against pertussis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The assessment of the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Poland was made based on the results of the analysis of individual reports on pertussis cases registered at the National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute in the EpiBaza system and data from the annual bulletins \"Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland\" and the bulletin \"Vaccinations in Poland in 2023\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, 922 cases of pertussis were recorded. The incidence was 2.45/100,000, which was 150% higher than in 2022. The highest incidence of pertussis occurred in children aged 0-4 years (17.3/100,000), and high in children aged 5-9 years (7.6/100,000). Approximately 45% of cases occurred in people over 15 years of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2023, the number of pertussis cases in Poland increased more than 2.5-fold compared to the previous year, which is due, among other things, to the complete lifting of pandemic restrictions and an increase in social contacts. Pertussis remains a significant public health threat, and waning post-vaccination immunity promotes transmission, especially among adolescents and adults, who can infect infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"690-698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TORCH: Current state of knowledge as of 2025.","authors":"Wioletta Edyta Pawlak-Zalewska, Anna Monika Moniuszko, Julia Matras, Natalia Pakosz, Sambor Grygorczuk, Piotr Czupryna, Gabriela Trojan","doi":"10.32394/pe/216177","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/216177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The acronym TORCH designates a group of pathogens that can lead to serious pregnancy complications, such as miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, and congenital infections. This review summarizes current insights into these infections, offering practical guidance primarily for obstetricians, infectious disease specialists, and general practitioners involved in prenatal care. The TORCH complex includes Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes simplex virus (HSV). The definition may be extended to encompass additional (other) pathogens such as Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Treponema pallidum (syphilis), Parvovirus B19, and Zika virus. Screening practices for TORCH infections during pregnancy vary significantly across countries. Despite widespread access to medical care and increasing awareness among women planning pregnancy, routine screening for TORCH pathogens is not universally implemented. In Poland, diagnostic procedures during pregnancy are defined by the Standard of Perinatal Care established by the Ministry of Health. This regulation- which replaced earlier recommendations of the Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians- does not distinguish between ,,mandatory\" and ,,recommended\" tests but specifies a unified set of investigations to be performed at defined stages of pregnancy. Screening conducted during pregnancy plays a crucial role in detecting previously unrecognized infections. In Poland , a substantial proportion of new diagnoses of HIV, HBV and HCV among young women are made during routine antenatal testing, underscoring the importance of standardized serological screening in prenatal care rather than relying on diagnosis before conception. However, due to their distinct epidemiological and clinical profiles, HIV, HBV, and HCV infections are not discussed in detail in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"493-522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis in Poland in 2023.","authors":"Maria Joanna Korzeniewska-Koseła, Adam Nowiński","doi":"10.32394/pe/218112","DOIUrl":"10.32394/pe/218112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2023, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), 10.8 million people worldwide developed tuberculosis. Tuberculosis remains a public health problem in the countries of the EU/EEA.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in Poland in 2023 by comparing it with the situation in EU and EEA countries.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Analysis of cases registered in the National Tuberculosis Register in 2023 and drug susceptibility testing results; data from Statistics Poland on deaths due to tuberculosis in 2023; data from the NIZP PZH - PIB on tuberculosis cases as an AIDS-defining condition; and the ECDC report on tuberculosis in EU/EEA countries in 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, 4,436 cases of tuberculosis were registered in Poland. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 4,265 individuals (96.1% of all cases), 11.3 per 100,000 population. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 171 cases (3.9% of all cases). Bacteriological confirmation was obtained in 3,460 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (81.1%), with a notification rate of 9.2 per 100,000. Cases of foreign origin accounted for 7.9%. MDR-TB was diagnosed in 99 patients (3.1% of cases with drug susceptibility results); three individuals had isolated rifampicin resistance. Tuberculosis notification rates increased with age. In 2023, 51 cases of tuberculosis were reported among children aged under 14 years and 62 cases among adolescents aged 15-19 years, corresponding to rates of 0.9 and 3.3 per 100,000, respectively. The notification rate among men was three times higher than among women. Foreign nationals accounted for 7.9% of cases. Tuberculosis was the cause of death in 483 individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2023, tuberculosis notification rates in Poland were 3.5% higher than in 2022. The proportion of MDR-TB cases was lower than in EU/EEA countries. The proportion of children aged under 14 years among all tuberculosis patients in Poland was 1.1%, compared with 4.5% in EU/EEA countries. Tuberculosis mortality in Poland has not decreased.</p>","PeriodicalId":20777,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad epidemiologiczny","volume":"79 4","pages":"664-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}