Psychiatria Danubina最新文献

{"title":"WINSTON'S DYSTHYMIA: UNDERSTANDING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN CHILDHOOD TRAUMA, WORKPLACE STRAIN, AND COMMUNITY LACK OF EMPATHY IN CHRONIC DEPRESSION.","authors":"Savelii Fursov, Elena Sloeva, Daria Smirnova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Characters in George Orwell's novel \"1984\" have certain behavioral features which may be taken as pathological. We hypothesized that Winston Smith in particular suffers from chronic mild depression, which is a result of external pressure from the fictional dystopian society (i.e., multimodal stress of childhood trauma, workplace strain, disrupted close relationships, emotional deprivation, feeling of loneliness, and unempathetic community). To confirm the hypothesis, we conducted a number of analyses of the English text of the novel \"1984\".</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Taking the full English text of \"1984\", we analyzed its fragments of first-person narrative, such as Winston's diary remarks and his speech during spoken communications as described in the novel. We then used the psycholinguistic method of clinical psycholinguistic analysis to analyze the text of Winston's diary from the perspective of psycholinguistic typology of literary texts based on emotional-semantic dominance as developed by the philologist Valery Belyanin (2000). The Belyanin method entailed placing a focus on the fragments of the first-person narratives representing descriptions of characters' emotions and feelings with subsequent determination of their type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the first diary excerpt, Winston's writing consists of short, exclamatory phrases. He repeatedly uses the first-person singular pronouns and self-referential sentences, with simple and complex sentence structures. Lexical repetition is high, and emotional vocabulary emphasizes defiance and apathy. The second excerpt is purely declarative and reasoning-focused. It contains minimal stylistic markers, with present-tense verbs, no personal pronouns, and no emotional or figurative language. Key themes revolve around existential values, mortality, truth, and defiance against oppression. There is a notable absence of hedonic, familial, or self-realization themes, reinforcing a limited semantic focus aligned with existential distress. Winston Smith exhibits classic dysthymic markers, such as pervasive self-criticism, preoccupation with mortality, emotional heaviness, repetitive confessional style, and an undercurrent of hopeless defiance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to our psycholinguistic analysis of Winston Smiths' diary text and dialogues, his language reflects depressive processing of personal and life experiences, reduced semantic productivity, fragmented meanings, and an emotionally negative dominant tone. Application of the psycholinguistic diagnostic model for mild depression confirms that his diary entries exhibit pronounced markers of mild depression of the melancholic and astheno-hypodynamic types. This analysis affirms the psychological insight applied by the author in developing his characters.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"224-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAPPING AFFECTIVE PROFILES IN DEPRESSION, BURNOUT, NORMAL SADNESS, AND EUTHYMIC STATE: A SELF-REPORT SCREENING TOOL DEVELOPED THROUGH A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH.","authors":"Danil Trofimov, Maria Zapriy, Anna Khomenko, Elena Sloeva, Igor Kotilevets, Daria Smirnova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Modern post-industrial society is facing a complex of challenges, such as including epidemiological threats, high demands from employers, aggressive forms of corporations' management, stress at the work place, as well as geopolitical and economic instability worldwide. These factors bring a significant impact on mental health of the general population, contributing to an increased prevalence of mental disorders, particularly, affective states. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive screening tool based on a self-questionnaire approach for accurate differentiation of affective spectrum state, from preclinical / at-risk to severe clinical conditions. To achieve this goal, we focused on identifying key affective symptoms' domains and application of machine learning (ML) methods to perform a comprehensive data analysis on classifying the respondents into preclinical and clinical subgroups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Subjects and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study consisted of two stages. At the first stage, we developed and conducted an online survey among the experimental population consisting of university staff and students. This survey version included 19 questions. The study was interrupted to make adjustments. At the second stage, the survey was finalized based on data analysis (descriptive and inferential) and classification tasks. The revised survey was redistributed with additional criteria for inclusion and exclusion of the respondents applied to the study design. The final version contained 34 questions, excluding unreliable questions characterized by p &gt; .05. 381 individuals (269 employees and 112 students) were interviewed, of whom 99 showed signs of depression, normal sadness or emotional burnout. We conducted correlation, descriptive, and inferential analyses and classification of respondents using ML-based methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results confirmed the presence of significant differences (p &lt; .001) between the groups with euthymia, normal sadness, emotional burnout and depression. However, there were no statistically significant differences for respondents with a pre-known emotional state and for respondents whose condition has been classified using machine learning technologies. The final distribution by category was as follows: euthymia - 38.8%, normal sadness - 27.3%, emotional burnout - 25.2%, depression - 8.7%. Our developed self-report tool has demonstrated statistical benefit, but requires further clinical research to clarify sensitive symptoms' domains for updating its items content.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;ML-based analysis of the self-report screening tool-related data demonstrated its sensitivity to classify affective states spectrum onto the separate states of depression, emotional burnout, normal sadness and euthymia (i.e. affective or emotional profiles of the respondents) with 100% accuracy at the final iteration. The problem of assessing mental health lies in the di","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"237-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BEYOND POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD): STATE OF THE ART ON PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN WHICH EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING (EMDR) CURRENTLY SHOWS CLINICAL EFFICACY.","authors":"Alessandro Lepri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was originally developed as a treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but its applications have expanded significantly in recent years. This narrative review explores the current state of evidence for EMDR's clinical efficacy across a spectrum of psychological disorders beyond PTSD. We examine findings from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses - including the comprehensive systematic review by Scelles and Bulnes (2021) - that assess EMDR's impact on anxiety disorders, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), somatic symptom disorders, pain, addiction, and personality disorders. While the mechanism of action remains debated, empirical evidence suggests EMDR can yield outcomes comparable to or superior to established psychotherapies in certain contexts. A critical discussion is offered regarding the methodological limitations in existing studies and the importance of integrating EMDR within broader evidence-based treatment frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"169-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPLEMENTING A MEASUREMENT FEEDBACK SYSTEM IN AN ALCOHOL DETOXIFICATION UNIT: RATIONALE, CASE-BASED PRESENTATION AND PRELIMINARY FEASIBILITY DATA.","authors":"Claire Ledouble, Pierre Maurage, Nausica Germeau, Theodore Mystakelis, Mairi Athanasiadi, Peter Starkel, Philippe de Timary","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Measurement-Based Care, supported by Measurement Feedback Systems, is increasingly recommended to improve psychiatric care. Indeed, such approach offers valuable support for the development of precision medicine by enabling data-informed treatment grounded in collaboration between researchers, clinicians, and patients. However, its implementation in clinical settings remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present a Measurement Feedback System integrated within a research protocol and implemented in a hospital detoxification unit for patients with Severe Alcohol Use Disorder. Capitalizing on the presentation of a clinical case and preliminary patient evaluations, we describe the benefits and limitations of such an approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings highlight the high acceptability of the tool among patients and underscore the added value of incorporating a Measurement-Based Care framework into standard care in addictive disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This approach facilitates precision medicine through rich patient phenotyping, enhances clinical reflection, and helps to bridge the research-practice gap.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"337-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REAL-LIFE FUNCTIONING DOMAINS IN PATIENTS WITH AFFECTIVE DISORDERS.","authors":"Oksana Fisenko, Tatiana Popova, Alexey Pavlichenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates impairments in real-life functioning domains among patients with affective disorders (depression and mania), addressing gaps in understanding the relationship between symptom severity and functional outcomes. The research aims to assess real-life functioning domains in clinical populations exhibiting varying degrees of affective disorder severity.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 23 outpatients (16 with depression, 7 with mania) and 44 healthy controls. Participants were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), and Specific Levels of Functioning Scale (SLOF). Statistical analyses included Chi-square tests for functional impairments and Pearson's correlations to examine associations between symptom severity and functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key findings demonstrate significant functional deficits in depressive patients across all measured domains (physical functioning, personal care, interpersonal relationships, social acceptability, activities, and work skills), with particularly pronounced impairments in physical functioning (χ²=12.25, p<0.001) and personal care skills (universally low scores). Manic patients exhibited comparable domain-specific impairments, though with less pronounced severity differentiation. Notably, symptom severity (measured via HDRS/YMRS scales) showed minimal correlation with functional outcomes, with the exception of an inverse relationship between depression severity and social acceptability (r=-0.56, p<0.03). Limitations include modest sample sizes and cross-sectional design, warranting future longitudinal research with larger cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Affective disorders broadly impair real-life functioning irrespective of symptom severity, except for depression's inverse relationship with social acceptability. This finding suggests that functional impairments in affective disorders may represent independent disease dimensions rather than simple byproducts of symptom intensity, emphasizing the need for targeted psychosocial interventions alongside symptom management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"260-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH AFFECTIVE DISORDERS IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.","authors":"Grazia Pula, Patrizia Moretti, Innocenza Ritacco, Guido Caramanico, Giuseppe De Filippis, R Magnone, Alfonso Tortorella","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare workers (HCWs) face significant occupational stressors that increase their risk of psychological symptoms, including anxiety, depression, and burnout. In particular, nurse may experience higher psychological distress due to unique workplace demands. However, direct comparisons between nurses and other HCWs within tertiary care hospitals remain limited. This retrospective study aimed to compare work-related stress levels and mental health outcomes in nurses versus other HCWs seeking psychological or psychiatric support through the Occupational Health Service (OHS) of a tertiary care hospital in central Italy.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cross-sectional study analyzing healthcare workers (HCWs) who accessed psychological or psychiatric support through an Occupational Counseling Service (OCS) over a three-year period. Medical records of 155 HCWs who accessed the OHS from January 2022 to December 2024 were reviewed. Sociodemographic, occupational, clinical, and psychometric data were collected. Subgroup analyses compared nurses (n=79) to other professionals (n=76) regarding psychological distress, psychiatric diagnoses, and treatment. Correlations between personal/family psychiatric history and work-related stress were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nurses exhibited significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety compared to other HCWs. A positive personal and/or family history of anxiety and mood disorders was present in 26.5% of the full cohort and correlated significantly with work-related stress and burnout (p<0.001). Burnout and secondary traumatic stress were prevalent across all groups, although compassion satisfaction remained relatively preserved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nurses demonstrated greater vulnerability to affective symptoms and work-related stress compared to other HCWs, underscoring the need for tailored mental health support within occupational health frameworks. Early identification and intervention strategies are crucial to mitigate psychological distress and improve wellbeing among hospital staff.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"385-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON SOLITUDE AND LONELINESS IN TODAY'S WORLD.","authors":"Ivan Urlić","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phenomena of solitude and loneliness the author of this essay describes as two etiologically different states of mind. They are approached by the neuroscientific, psychodynamic, artistic expressive, philosophical and psychotherapeutic points of view. With some clinical examples and artistic illustrations the author tries to clarify his approach to the topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CHARTER \"STIGMA IN THE MEDIA\" FOR JOURNALISTS, AS A DECLARATION OF INTENT FOR RESPONSIBLE REPORTING ON MENTAL HEALTHCARE.","authors":"Kirsten Catthoor, Filip Bouckaert, Marc De Hert, Juan Tecco, Erik Thys","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems remain prevalent, despite increasing global efforts to combat them. Organizations like the Lancet Commission and the WHO emphasize the media's crucial role in shaping public perception, advocating for responsible reporting and the involvement of individuals with lived experience. While some positive shifts in media portrayal have been observed (e.g., in prime-time TV series), negative representations, dehumanizing language, and the perpetuation of stereotypes persist across various media forms, including gaming and news. In Belgium, a specific incident involving stigmatizing media coverage led to the development of the \"Stigma in the Media\" charter. This charter provides guidelines for journalists. It stresses the importance of accurate information, appropriate terminology, respect for privacy and human dignity, and avoiding sensationalism. The charter aims to foster an empathetic and respectful media environment, promoting responsible discussions about mental health and encouraging positive societal change. Initial results suggest the charter is positively impacting media reporting on mental health in Belgium.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"172-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN UNIVERSITY ORIENTATION EDUCATIONAL PROJECT IN HIGH SCHOOL.","authors":"Dominique Tavormina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the 2024-2025 school year, the \"P. Secco Suardo\" Institute in Bergamo organized an educational orientation project for all those students who, having reached the end of their studies, were either afraid of choosing their future path or had no idea what they wanted at all and lived in mental confusion. Orientation is an essential new concept introduced within the educational themes of Europe, which we can no longer do without in our schools.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"406-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AT THE EDGE OF THE SELF: DISSOCIATION AS A TRANSDIAGNOSTIC MARKER IN YOUTH PSYCHOPATHOLOGY.","authors":"Francesca Scopetta, Marta Barbi, Gianmarco Cinesi, Filippo De Giorgi, Giulia Menculini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dissociative symptoms are increasingly recognised as early indicators of psychopathological vulnerability in adolescence and young adulthood. This study investigates the correlates of dissociation in a sample of youths referred to a psychiatric outpatient service.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This study was conducted on a sample of 45 patients aged 14-25 referred to the second-level outpatient clinic for adolescent and young adult psychopathology at the University Hospital of Perugia, Italy. Patients were grouped based on their Dissociative Experiences Scale-II (DES-II) scores (≤30% vs. >30%), and data were analysed using bivariate comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Youths with clinically significant dissociation showed earlier psychiatric onset, reduced social connectedness, increased rates of social withdrawal and non-suicidal self-injury, and elevated attentional impulsivity. Higher scores on depressive, cyclothymic, and anxious temperaments were also observed, along with more severe depressive and anxiety symptoms. The high dissociation group reported greater psychological distress and a broader range of psychotic-like experiences on the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that dissociation in youths is linked to two partially overlapping trajectories: one involving emotional dysregulation and behavioural impulsivity, and another marked by cognitive-perceptual anomalies and unreality experiences. Dissociation may thus act as a transdiagnostic risk factor across mood and psychotic-spectrum vulnerability. Early identification and integrated treatment strategies focusing on affect regulation, cognitive control, and interpersonal functioning may help prevent the progression to more severe psychopathological states.</p>","PeriodicalId":20760,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Danubina","volume":"37 Suppl 1","pages":"294-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}