Proceedings of the Nutrition Society最新文献_第7页

Fibre & fermented foods: differential effects on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. 纤维和发酵食品：对微生物群-肠-脑轴的不同影响。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665124004907

Elizabeth Schneider, Ramya Balasubramanian, Aimone Ferri, Paul D Cotter, Gerard Clarke, John F Cryan

{"title":"Fibre & fermented foods: differential effects on the microbiota-gut-brain axis.","authors":"Elizabeth Schneider, Ramya Balasubramanian, Aimone Ferri, Paul D Cotter, Gerard Clarke, John F Cryan","doi":"10.1017/S0029665124004907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665124004907","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to manipulate brain function through the communication between the microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract and the brain along the gut-brain axis has emerged as a potential option to improve cognitive and emotional health. Dietary composition and patterns have demonstrated a robust capacity to modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis. With their potential to possess pre-, pro-, post-, and synbiotic properties, dietary fibre and fermented foods stand out as potent shapers of the gut microbiota and subsequent signalling to the brain. Despite this potential, few studies have directly examined the mechanisms that might explain the beneficial action of dietary fibre and fermented foods on the microbiota-gut-brain axis, thus limiting insight and treatments for brain dysfunction. Herein, we evaluate the differential effects of dietary fibre and fermented foods from whole food sources on cognitive and emotional functioning. Potential mediating effects of dietary fibre and fermented foods on brain health via the microbiota-gut-brain axis are described. Although more multimodal research that combines psychological assessments and biological sampling to compare each food type is needed, the evidence accumulated to date suggests that dietary fibre, fermented foods, and/or their combination within a psychobiotic diet can be a cost-effective and convenient approach to improve cognitive and emotional functioning across the lifespan.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Folates, bacteria and ageing: insights from the model organism C. elegans in the study of nutrition and ageing. 叶酸、细菌和衰老：从模式生物 C. elegans 对营养和衰老研究的启示。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665124004890

David Weinkove

{"title":"Folates, bacteria and ageing: insights from the model organism C. elegans in the study of nutrition and ageing.","authors":"David Weinkove","doi":"10.1017/S0029665124004890","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665124004890","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between nutrition and ageing is complex. The metabolism and synthesis of micronutrients within the gut microbiome can influence human health but is challenging to study. Furthermore, studying ageing in humans is time-consuming and difficult to control for environmental factors. Studies in model organisms can guide research efforts in this area. This review describes how the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can be used to study how bacteria and diet influence ageing and inform follow-on studies in humans. It is known that certain bacteria accelerate ageing in C. elegans. This age-accelerating effect is prevented by inhibiting folate synthesis within the bacteria, and we propose that in the human microbiome, certain bacteria also accelerate ageing in a way that can be modulated by interfering with bacterial folate synthesis. Bacterial-derived folates do not promote ageing themselves; rather, ageing is accelerated by bacteria in some way, either through secondary metabolites or other bacterial activity, which is dependent on bacterial folate synthesis. In humans, it may be possible to inhibit bacterial folate synthesis in the human gut while maintaining healthy folate status in the body via food and supplementation. The supplement form of folic acid has a common breakdown product that can be used by bacteria to increase folate synthesis. Thus, supplementation with folic acid may not be good for health in certain circumstances such as in older people or those with an excess of proteobacteria in their microbiome. For these groups, alternative supplement strategies may be a safer way to ensure adequate folate levels.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrition in the prevention and treatment of skeletal muscle ageing and sarcopenia: a single nutrient, a whole food and a whole diet approach. 预防和治疗骨骼肌老化和肌肉疏松症的营养：单一营养素、全食物和全膳食方法。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665124007432

Antoneta Granic, Avan A Sayer, Rachel Cooper, Sian M Robinson

{"title":"Nutrition in the prevention and treatment of skeletal muscle ageing and sarcopenia: a single nutrient, a whole food and a whole diet approach.","authors":"Antoneta Granic, Avan A Sayer, Rachel Cooper, Sian M Robinson","doi":"10.1017/S0029665124007432","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665124007432","url":null,"abstract":"Loss of skeletal muscle strength and mass (sarcopenia) is common in older adults and associated with an increased risk of disability, frailty and premature death. Finding cost-effective prevention and treatment strategies for sarcopenia for the growing ageing population is therefore of great public health interest. Although nutrition is considered an important factor in the aetiology of sarcopenia, its potential for sarcopenia prevention and/or treatment is still being evaluated. Nutrition research for sarcopenia utilises three main approaches to understand muscle-nutrition relationships, evaluating: single nutrients, whole foods and whole diet effects - both alone or combined with exercise. Applying these approaches, we summarise recent evidence from qualitative and quantitative syntheses of findings from observational and intervention studies of healthy older adults, and those with sarcopenia. We consider protein supplements, whole foods (fruits and vegetables) and the Mediterranean diet as exemplars. There is some evidence of beneficial effects of protein supplementation ≥ 0·8 g/kg body weight/d on muscle mass when combined with exercise training in intervention studies of healthy and sarcopenic older adults. In contrast, evidence for effects on muscle function (strength and physical performance) is inconclusive. There is reasonably consistent epidemiological evidence suggesting benefits of higher fruits and vegetables consumption for better physical performance. Similarly, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with beneficial effects on muscle function in observational studies. However, intervention studies are lacking. This review discusses how current evidence may inform the development of preventive and intervention strategies for optimal muscle ageing and nutritional public policy aimed at combatting sarcopenia.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7616828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

B-vitamins and one-carbon metabolism during pregnancy: health impacts and challenges. 孕期 B 维生素和一碳代谢：对健康的影响和挑战。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665124004865

Kristina Pentieva, Aoife Caffrey, Bethany Duffy, Mary Ward, Michelle Clements, Maeve Kerr, Helene McNulty

{"title":"B-vitamins and one-carbon metabolism during pregnancy: health impacts and challenges.","authors":"Kristina Pentieva, Aoife Caffrey, Bethany Duffy, Mary Ward, Michelle Clements, Maeve Kerr, Helene McNulty","doi":"10.1017/S0029665124004865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665124004865","url":null,"abstract":"Folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and riboflavin interact by functioning as cofactors within one-carbon metabolism (OCM), a network of interrelated cellular pathways essential for numerous biological processes, including the biosynthesis of DNA, amino acid interconversions and methylation reactions. The pathways of OCM are influenced by endocrine signals and genetic polymorphisms and are particularly responsive to relevant B-vitamin intakes. Physiological changes in healthy pregnancy, leading to a steady decline in B-vitamin status, add another layer of complexity to the regulation of OCM. Although significant advances have been made to improve our understanding of these pregnancy-related changes, no specific reference ranges yet exist for B-vitamin biomarkers in pregnancy to support normal fetal growth without depleting maternal stores. The lack of pregnancy-related criteria for adequacy of B-vitamin status is in turn a major limitation in identifying pregnant women most at risk of B-vitamin deficiency. Another challenge is that the evidence is very limited to provide a basis for establishing pregnancy-specific dietary recommendations for B-vitamins to support successful pregnancy outcomes. In terms of preventing adverse outcomes, periconceptional folic acid supplementation has a proven role, established more than 30 years ago, in protecting against neural tube defect-affected pregnancies and this has been the major focus of public health policy worldwide. This review evaluates the emerging evidence for the less well recognised role of B-vitamins in preventing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and the intergenerational effects of B-vitamins on offspring neurodevelopment and cognitive performance during childhood. We also consider the underlying biological mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tackling diet inequalities in the UK food system: is food insecurity driving the obesity epidemic? (The FIO Food project). 解决英国食品体系中的饮食不平等问题:是食品不安全导致肥胖流行吗?(FIO食品项目)。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665123004871

Alexandra M Johnstone, Marta Lonnie

{"title":"Tackling diet inequalities in the UK food system: is food insecurity driving the obesity epidemic? (The FIO Food project).","authors":"Alexandra M Johnstone, Marta Lonnie","doi":"10.1017/S0029665123004871","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665123004871","url":null,"abstract":"By 2050 the number of adults living with obesity in the UK will rise with approximately one in four in the adult population. This rising trend is not equitable, with higher prevalence in socially disadvantaged groups. There is an apparent paradox of not being able to provide food for the family to eat, a feature of food insecurity and living with obesity. With the current cost-of-living crisis, there is a challenge to afford both food and fuel bills. Environmentally sustainable and healthy diets are proposed to improve public health and reduce the impact of the food system on the environment, while also improving diet quality. However, healthier foods tend to be nearly three times more expensive than unhealthy foods, and this provides a challenge for citizens on low incomes. In this review, we explore some of the evidence for solutions in the retail food environment to support the UK food system to be safe, nutritious, environmentally friendly and fair for all. We highlight the value of co-production in research, to give value and power to the lived experience to address these inequalities. Our multidisciplinary research approach within the FIO Food research grant will generate new insights into modifiable and potentially impactful changes to the UK food system, specifically for the retail food sector. We believe that the co-creation, design and delivery of research with those living with obesity and food insecurity will help to transform the UK food system for health and the environment in this vulnerable group.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"133-141"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bridging the gap between science and food policy: nutrition as a driver of policy drawing on Scotland as a case study. 缩小科学与食品政策之间的差距：以苏格兰为案例研究，将营养作为政策的推动力。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1017/S002966512400003X

Margaret Gill, Kieran Fowler, E Marian Scott

{"title":"Bridging the gap between science and food policy: nutrition as a driver of policy drawing on Scotland as a case study.","authors":"Margaret Gill, Kieran Fowler, E Marian Scott","doi":"10.1017/S002966512400003X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S002966512400003X","url":null,"abstract":"Access to adequate food is one of the Human Rights set out in international law and hence its delivery (through policy) is the role of government. 'Food policy' cannot be the role of a single government department, however, since regulations must take care of public goods (e.g. public health and protecting the natural environment) while also creating an economic environment attractive to private sector participation. From the mid-20th century, much of food policy was driven by a need to encourage the production base, but more recently the importance of considering food policy through the lens of nutritional requirements is increasingly recognised, alongside the importance of minimising environmental damage. This review paper draws on experience of working with policymakers (in particular the Scottish Government) and of active participation in an EC-commissioned project. It highlights the need for the research community to invest time and resources in understanding what evidence policymakers are asking for and to consider that alongside evidence from those who will be impacted by the policy (stakeholders). Examples of effective ways of engaging stakeholders and policy communities simultaneously are outlined and the paper provides some thoughts on the boundaries between the science and policy communities and how to bridge them. The Case Study also highlights the importance of evidence to inform prioritisation and consultation at a local level when aiming to meet multiple policy goals nationally.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"204-209"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Planet-based diets: improving environmental sustainability of healthy diets. 基于地球的饮食：提高健康饮食的环境可持续性。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665123003737

Corné van Dooren

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of validated food quantification aids for dietary assessment: A systematic review - CORRIGENDUM. 评估用于膳食评估的有效食物定量辅助工具：系统综述 - CORRIGENDUM。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665123004901

E O Fadeiye, H Al-Sehaim, J M McCormack, L Kehoe, J Walton, A Mullee

引用次数: 0

Addressing food insecurity: what is the role of healthcare? 解决粮食不安全问题——医疗保健的作用是什么？

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1017/S002966512300366X

Navneet Rai, David N Blane

{"title":"Addressing food insecurity: what is the role of healthcare?","authors":"Navneet Rai, David N Blane","doi":"10.1017/S002966512300366X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S002966512300366X","url":null,"abstract":"Food insecurity - when individuals or households have difficulty accessing sufficient, safe, culturally appropriate and nutritious food due to lack of money or other resources - is a global public health concern. Levels of food insecurity have increased across the UK in recent years, due in part to a decade of austerity, widespread loss of income during the COVID-19 pandemic and the more recent cost-of-living crisis, leading to rising use of food banks. The stress of living with uncertain access to food and going periods without food is damaging to physical and mental health. Food insecurity is linked to both obesity and malnutrition, as often the most readily available foods are processed, high in fats, sugars and salt, but low in essential nutrients for health. While recognising that many of the drivers of food insecurity, and health inequalities more broadly (i.e. the social determinants of health) lie outside the health service, it is increasingly acknowledged that the National Health Service - and primary care in particular - has a key role to play in mitigating health inequalities. This review considers the potential role of healthcare in mitigating food insecurity, with a focus on primary care settings. Recent initiatives in Scotland, such as community links workers and general practitioner practice-attached financial advice workers, have shown promise as part of a more community-oriented approach to primary care, which can mitigate the effects of food insecurity. However, a more 'upstream' response is required, including 'cash first' interventions as part of broader national strategies to end the need for food banks.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41148268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An investigation into the preparation of powdered infant formula in households in Ireland - CORRIGENDUM. 爱尔兰家庭配方奶粉制备情况调查-CORRIGENDUM。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665123003762

N Lawlor, J L O'Neill, K O'Connor, M Redmond, A O'Grady, S Wilkinson

引用次数: 0