Proceedings of the Nutrition Society最新文献

Plant-based diets and health outcomes in Australia and New Zealand.

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125001685

James P Goode, Laura E Marchese, Kylie J Smith

{"title":"Plant-based diets and health outcomes in Australia and New Zealand.","authors":"James P Goode, Laura E Marchese, Kylie J Smith","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125001685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665125001685","url":null,"abstract":"There is mounting interest in the dual health and environmental benefits of plant-based diets. Such diets prioritise whole foods of plant origin and moderate (though occasionally exclude) animal-sourced foods. However, the evidence base on plant-based diets and health outcomes in Australasia is limited and diverse, making it unsuitable for systematic review. This review aimed to assess the current state of play, identify research gaps, and suggest good practice recommendations. The consulted evidence base included key studies on plant-based diets and cardiometabolic health or mortality outcomes in Australian and New Zealand adults. Most studies were observational, conducted in Australia, published within the last decade, and relied on a single dietary assessment about 10-30 years ago. Plant-based diets were often examined using categories of vegetarianism, intake of plant or animal protein, or dietary indices. Health outcomes included mortality, type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. While Australia has an emerging and generally favourable evidence base on plant-based diets and health outcomes, New Zealand's evidence base is still nascent. The lack of similar studies hinders the ability to judge the overall certainty of evidence, which could otherwise inform public health policies and strategies without relying on international studies with unconfirmed applicability. The proportional role of plant- and animal-sourced foods in healthy, sustainable diets in Australasia is an underexplored research area with potentially far-reaching implications, especially concerning nutrient adequacy and the combined health and environmental impacts.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-31"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding and applying food systems approaches to improve dietary health.

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125001661

Maria Bryant, Wendy Burton, Sundus Mahdi, Nicola Nixon, Sam J Buckton, Rob Oxley, Giorgia Prevadoli, Maddy Power, Philip Garnett

{"title":"Understanding and applying food systems approaches to improve dietary health.","authors":"Maria Bryant, Wendy Burton, Sundus Mahdi, Nicola Nixon, Sam J Buckton, Rob Oxley, Giorgia Prevadoli, Maddy Power, Philip Garnett","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125001661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665125001661","url":null,"abstract":"Systems thinking is deeply rooted in history, as far back as Aristotle. However, it has only relatively recently reemerged as an approach to help us understand and intervene in health and food systems. This is particularly salient, given its impact on environmental and population health. Whilst global food is abundant, many people cannot access affordable, healthy and culturally appropriate food. On the other hand, foods of low nutrient density are widely available. Food systems are complex and require complex thinking and approaches that allow us to consider the influence of multiple factors and how the might system respond to change. In turn, this enables the identification of 'leverage' points, where policies or interventions are most likely to have a sustained impact. The Foresight obesity map inspired others to adopt systems approaches to help understand the broader social, economic, environmental determinants of obesity to support intervention/policy development. Evaluation of these requires a consideration of complexity to explore why intervention goals may or may not have been successful and how relationships between components or approaches can be enhanced to support implementation and thereby increase the potential for effectiveness. Overall, approaches to understand, intervene, govern and evaluate food systems must themselves be sufficiently complex, or will ultimately be destroyed by the system it seeks to improve. This review paper aims to introduce readers to the application of systems approaches in research within the context of food systems and health, including its traditional/historical origins.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

School food and nutrition environments in the Pacific Islands: opportunities to support healthier diets.

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125000102

Sarah Burkhart, Pragya Singh, Danny Hunter, Jessica E Raneri

{"title":"School food and nutrition environments in the Pacific Islands: opportunities to support healthier diets.","authors":"Sarah Burkhart, Pragya Singh, Danny Hunter, Jessica E Raneri","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125000102","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665125000102","url":null,"abstract":"The Pacific Islands region is home to a diversity of countries and territories, who are at the forefront of climate change and the triple burden of malnutrition. In recent years there has been increasing interest in schools as a setting for transforming food systems, improving nutrition and health outcomes, increasing educational outcomes, and enhancing livelihoods in the Pacific Islands. This review examines and describes current school food and nutrition initiatives within the literature that aim to promote healthier, sustainable diets within the Pacific Islands region. As there is a paucity of literature in this area of interest in the Pacific Islands, the review focuses on the policy landscape, the provision of food near, and in schools, nutrition education, and future opportunities. The available literature demonstrates that there is broad regional interest and momentum from numerous stakeholders to enhance SFNE in the Pacific Islands, with several opportunities for future activities. While there are frameworks to explore food environments available there is a need for a Pacific Islands school food environment conceptual framework that captures aspects, both within and around schools, that can guide research and assessment for robust comparable data collection. This may in turn support healthier SFNE and ultimately nutritious food choices for children and adolescents.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of intermittent energy restriction on women's health.

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125000059

Michelle Harvie, Mai Haiba

{"title":"The impact of intermittent energy restriction on women's health.","authors":"Michelle Harvie, Mai Haiba","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125000059","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665125000059","url":null,"abstract":"Intermittent energy-restricted diets are used amongst women with overweight and obesity and a healthy weight. For those with overweight and obesity weight control is typically achieved through daily energy restriction (DER) which has reduced adherence and attenuated metabolic benefits over time. Several intermittent energy restriction (IER) regimens have been developed aiming to promote maintained weight loss and additional weight independent metabolic benefits including the 5:2 diet, alternate day fasting (ADF) and time-restricted eating (TRE). This review summarises the potential benefits or harms of these regimens for managing women’s health. 5:2 and ADF diets have equivalent long term (≥ 6-month) adherence, weight loss and metabolic benefits to DER. Current limited evidence suggests IER is a safe weight loss intervention for women which does not affect reproductive or bone health, increase eating disorders or disturb sleep. Adherence and weight loss with both IER and DER are lower amongst younger women compared to older women and men. Weight loss with ADF and TRE has, respectively, improved symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome and premenstrual syndrome, but there is no evidence of weight-independent effects of IER on these conditions. There is little evidence of the benefits and/or harms of IER amongst healthy weight women in whom there is a greater potential for adverse effects on reproductive and bone health, fat free mass, eating disorders and sleep. Further research benefits of IER for weight control and metabolic health as well as harms are required.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomarkers of food intake: current status and future opportunities.

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125000084

Lorraine Brennan

{"title":"Biomarkers of food intake: current status and future opportunities.","authors":"Lorraine Brennan","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125000084","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665125000084","url":null,"abstract":"The current review will examine the field of food intake biomarkers and the potential use of such biomarkers. Biomarkers of food intake have the potential to be objective measures of intake thus addressing some of the limitations associated with self-reported dietary assessment methods. They are typically food-derived biomarkers present in biological samples and distinct from endogenous metabolites. To date, metabolomic profiling has been successful in identifying several putative food intake biomarkers. With respect to food intake biomarkers, there has been a proliferation of publications in this field. However, caution is needed when interpreting these as food intake biomarkers. Many have not been validated thus hampering their use. While much of the focus to date is on discovery of food intake biomarkers there are excellent examples of how to utilise these biomarkers in nutrition research. Applications include but are not limited to: (1) measurement of adherence to diets in intervention studies (2) objectively predicting intake with no reliance on self-reported data and (3) calibrating self-reported data in large epidemiological studies. Examples of these applications will be covered in this review. While significant progress is achieved to date in the food intake biomarkers field there are a number of key challenges that remain. Examples include lack of databases focused on food-derived metabolites thus hindering the discovery of new biomarkers and the need for new statistical approaches to deal with multiple biomarkers for single foods. Addressing these and other key challenges will be key to development of future opportunities.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Animal-source foods for nutrition, environment and society: finding a balance.

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125000096

Stella Nordhagen

{"title":"Animal-source foods for nutrition, environment and society: finding a balance.","authors":"Stella Nordhagen","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125000096","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665125000096","url":null,"abstract":"While malnutrition (including both undernutrition and overweight/obesity and related non-communicable diseases) remains a persistent challenge in countries around the world, it is far from alone as a threat to human development and wellbeing - and is increasingly viewed as intersecting with climate change and environmental degradation. At the crossroads of these issues, animal-source foods (ASFs, including meat, fish, seafood, dairy and eggs) have attracted considerable attention in recent years, both for their role in diets and for their environmental impacts. Heated debate has focused on the potential benefits of reducing consumption of ASFs as well as the potential nutritional risks associated with this. ASF production also plays an important role in livelihoods, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. ASFs are also central to many food cultures and traditions, highly valued by many consumers. As the issues associated with ASFs are intertwined, they must be considered jointly and with nuance. Given wide global ranges in ASF consumption, environmental footprints and malnutrition rates and types, considering equity (in terms of ASF consumption and production) is also critical. This review examines these complex issues, discussing ASFs from the perspectives of nutrition and health, environmental impacts, livelihoods and society, and equity. It also examines potential future options for reducing environmental impacts of ASFs.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-designing interventions to improve diets in rural communities.

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125000060

Cindy Needham, Stephanie R Partridge, Laura Alston, Jonathan C Rawstorn, Katherine M Livingstone

{"title":"Co-designing interventions to improve diets in rural communities.","authors":"Cindy Needham, Stephanie R Partridge, Laura Alston, Jonathan C Rawstorn, Katherine M Livingstone","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125000060","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665125000060","url":null,"abstract":"By involving stakeholders to identify issues, co-design facilitates the creation of solutions aligned with the community's unique needs and values. However, genuine co-design with consumers across all stages of nutrition intervention research remains uncommon. The aim of this review was to examine notable examples of interventions to improve diets in rural settings that have been co-designed by rural communities. Six studies were identified reporting on community-based and digital interventions to improve diets in rural settings that have been co-designed by rural communities. The level of co-design used varied, with two interventions describing co-design workshops and focus groups over a period of between 6 and 11 months, and others not reporting details on the co-design process. Collectively, most interventions demonstrated positive impacts on dietary markers, including an increase in purchase of fruit and vegetable, an increase in percentage energy from nutrient dense foods and a decrease in intake of high fat meats. While these interventions show promise for improving diets in these under-served communities, it is widely recognised that there is a lack of dietary interventions genuinely co-designed with and for rural communities. Future research should build on these studies to co-design dietary interventions that integrate the benefits of both community-based and digital interventions.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal sleep: a key element in maintaining a healthy bodyweight.

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125000072

Wendy L Hall

{"title":"Optimal sleep: a key element in maintaining a healthy bodyweight.","authors":"Wendy L Hall","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125000072","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665125000072","url":null,"abstract":"As obesity rates rise globally, addressing modifiable lifestyle factors, such as sleep, presents an opportunity for public health interventions. This review explores the growing evidence linking sleep duration, quality and timing with weight management and dietary behaviours throughout the life course. Observational studies associate short or irregular sleep with increased obesity risk, poor diet quality and metabolic disturbances. Plausible mechanisms include decreased physical activity, heightened hedonic and/or emotional eating, dysregulated appetite signals and circadian misalignment of metabolism, which contribute to a positive energy balance. Unravelling the bidirectional relationship between sleep and weight is challenging; poor sleep exacerbates weight gain, while obesity-related comorbidities such as obstructive sleep apnoea further impair sleep. Despite promising evidence from sleep-restriction studies showing increased energy intake, long-term randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining interventions designed to improve sleep with weight management as an outcome are lacking. A handful of short-term interventions suggest benefits in reducing energy intake or improving dietary quality, but their effects on weight loss remain inconclusive. This review calls for robust, well-powered RCTs that integrate sleep, diet and physical activity interventions to evaluate the potential of sleep as a core component of obesity prevention and treatment strategies. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to support sleep-focused interventions as a mandatory element in clinical weight-management programmes.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Translating data into policy informing decisions: current and future perspectives from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665125000047

Maria Anastassiadou, Yann Devos, Bruno Dujardin, Chantra Eskes, Eirini Kouloura, Gloria López-Gálvez, Valentina Rizzi, Mary Bridget Gilsenan

{"title":"Translating data into policy informing decisions: current and future perspectives from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).","authors":"Maria Anastassiadou, Yann Devos, Bruno Dujardin, Chantra Eskes, Eirini Kouloura, Gloria López-Gálvez, Valentina Rizzi, Mary Bridget Gilsenan","doi":"10.1017/S0029665125000047","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665125000047","url":null,"abstract":"The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) provides independent scientific advice to EU risk managers on a wide range of food safety issues and communicates on existing and emerging risks in the food chain. This advice helps to protect consumers, animals and the environment. Data are essential to EFSA's scientific assessments. EFSA collects data from various sources including scientific literature, biological and chemical monitoring programmes, as well as food consumption and composition databases. EFSA also assesses data from authorisation dossiers for regulated products submitted by the industry. To continue delivering the highest value for society, EFSA keeps abreast of new scientific, technological and societal developments. EFSA also engages in partnerships as an essential means to address the growing complexity in science and society and to better connect and integrate knowledge, data and expertise across sectors. This paper provides insights into EFSA's data-related activities and future perspectives in the following key areas of EFSA's 2027 strategy: one substance-one assessment, combined exposure to multiple chemicals, environmental risk assessment, new approach methodologies, antimicrobial resistance and risk-benefit assessment. EFSA's initiatives to integrate societal insights in its risk communication are also described.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time for bed: diet, sleep and obesity in children and adults. 睡觉时间:儿童和成人的饮食、睡眠和肥胖。

IF 7.6 2区医学

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665123004846

Michelle A Miller

{"title":"Time for bed: diet, sleep and obesity in children and adults.","authors":"Michelle A Miller","doi":"10.1017/S0029665123004846","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0029665123004846","url":null,"abstract":"Sufficient sleep is necessary for optimal health, daytime performance and wellbeing and the amount required is age-dependent and decreases across the lifespan. Sleep duration is usually affected by age and several different cultural, social, psychological, behavioural, pathophysiological and environmental factors. This review considers how much sleep children and adults need, why this is important, what the consequences are of insufficient sleep and how we can improve sleep. A lack of the recommended amount of sleep for a given age group has been shown to be associated with detrimental effects on health including effects on metabolism, endocrine function, immune function and haemostatic pathways. Obesity has increased worldwide in the last few decades and the WHO has now declared it a global epidemic. A lack of sleep is associated with an increased risk of obesity in children and adults, which may lead to future poor health outcomes. Data from studies in both children and adults suggest that the relationship between sleep and obesity may be mediated by several different mechanisms including alterations in appetite and satiety, sleep timing, circadian rhythm and energy balance. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that improvements in sleep, in both children and adults, can be beneficial for weight management and diet and certain foods might be important to promote sleep. In conclusion this review demonstrates that there is a wide body of evidence to suggest that sleep and obesity are causally related and recommends that further research is required to inform policy, and societal change.","PeriodicalId":20751,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society","volume":" ","pages":"45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138445992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0