Psychological Science最新文献_第7页

Commentary on Eskreis-Winkler and Fishbach (2019): A Tendency to Answer Consistently Can Generate Apparent Failures to Learn From Failure. 对Eskreis-Winkler和Fishbach（2019）的评论：持续回答的倾向会产生明显的失败，从而从失败中吸取教训。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251333666

Stephen A Spiller

{"title":"Commentary on Eskreis-Winkler and Fishbach (2019): A Tendency to Answer Consistently Can Generate Apparent Failures to Learn From Failure.","authors":"Stephen A Spiller","doi":"10.1177/09567976251333666","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251333666","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research suggests that failure undermines learning: People learn less from failure (vs. success) because failure is ego-threatening and causes people to tune out. I argue that the core paradigm (the Script Task) provides a confounded test of that claim. When people do not learn from test feedback, they may give internally consistent answers on a subsequent test. The Script Task's scoring guidelines mark consistent answers as correct following success but incorrect following failure. As a result, differences in performance between conditions may result from equivalent learning combined with consistent responding when people do not learn. A descriptive mathematical model shows that lower performance alone is insufficient to conclude that people learn less. An experiment with U.S. Amazon Mechanical Turk workers demonstrates that a retroactive manipulation without feedback replicates the effect. Because the effect of failure on performance is confounded with consistency, the Script Task is not diagnostic regarding whether people learn less from failure unless consistency is ruled out.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"874-881"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One Action, Two Reference Frames: Compound Cognitive Maps of Object Location. 一个动作，两个参考框架：物体定位的复合认知地图。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251391172

Benjamin Pitt

引用次数: 0

Invariant Recognition Memory Spaces for Real-World Objects Revealed With Signal-Detection Analysis. 用信号检测分析揭示现实世界对象的不变识别记忆空间。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251384640

Igor Utochkin, Daniil Azarov, Daniil Grigorev

引用次数: 0

Assortative Mating Is a Natural Consequence of Heritable Variation in Preferences and Preferred Traits. 选择性交配是偏好和偏好特征遗传变异的自然结果。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251365900

Kaitlyn T Harper, Brendan P Zietsch

引用次数: 0

Pseudo Effects: How Method Biases Can Produce Spurious Findings About Close Relationships. 伪效应：方法偏差如何产生关于亲密关系的虚假发现。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251370262

Samantha Joel, John K Sakaluk, James J Kim, Devinder Khera, Helena Yuchen Qin, Sarah C E Stanton

{"title":"Pseudo Effects: How Method Biases Can Produce Spurious Findings About Close Relationships.","authors":"Samantha Joel, John K Sakaluk, James J Kim, Devinder Khera, Helena Yuchen Qin, Sarah C E Stanton","doi":"10.1177/09567976251370262","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251370262","url":null,"abstract":"Research on interpersonal relationships frequently relies on accurate self-reporting across various relationship facets (e.g., conflict, trust, appreciation). Yet shared method biases-which may greatly inflate associations between measures-are rarely accounted for during measurement validation or hypothesis testing. To examine how method biases can affect relationship research, we embarked on the ironic exploration of a new construct-Pseudo-comprised of irrelevant relationship evaluations (e.g., \"My relationship has very good Saturn\"). Pseudo was moderately associated with common relationship measures (e.g., satisfaction, commitment) and predicted those measures 3 weeks later. Results of a dyadic longitudinal study suggested that Pseudo taps into method biases, particularly sentiment override (i.e., people's tendency to project their global relationship sentiments onto every relationship evaluation). We conclude that psychometric standards must be sufficiently rigorous to distinguish genuine constructs and associations from methodological artifacts that can otherwise pose a serious validity threat.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"780-795"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sexual Identity Development Milestones, Latent Profiles, and Proximal Minority Stressors in Australia's Generation Z. 澳大利亚Z世代的性认同发展里程碑、潜在概况和近端少数民族压力源。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251372130

William Warton, Michelle L Byrne, Kelly-Ann Allen

{"title":"Sexual Identity Development Milestones, Latent Profiles, and Proximal Minority Stressors in Australia's Generation Z.","authors":"William Warton, Michelle L Byrne, Kelly-Ann Allen","doi":"10.1177/09567976251372130","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251372130","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the sequence and timing of sexual identity development (SID) milestones among Generation Z LGBTQ+ Australians, focusing on variations across subgroups and their relationship with minority stressors. The study included 490 Australian LGBTQ+ individuals aged 16 to 26, predominantly White (n = 389) and assigned female at birth (n = 402), with a balanced distribution between cisgender and gender-diverse participants. Demographic differences in the timing and achievement of SID milestones were found for sexual and gender identity. Latent profile analysis identified four distinct profiles, highlighting identity-centered and sex-centered sequences. Differences in rejection sensitivity, emotion dysregulation, and self-acceptance of sexual identity were noted across these profiles, but not for internalized homonegativity. Our findings indicate that SID trajectories do not strictly conform to discrete sexual or gender identity categories. The cross-sectional design limits causality inference, and findings are not generalizable to all LGBTQ+ young people or Generation Z more broadly.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"796-814"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

*The Anticipated Relational Effects of Confronting Bias (or not) in Interracial Friendships. 种族间友谊中面对（或不面对）偏见的预期关系效应。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251372125

Ashley L Berkebile-Weinberg, Riana M Brown, Casey E McMahon, Maureen A Craig

{"title":"*The Anticipated Relational Effects of Confronting Bias (or not) in Interracial Friendships.","authors":"Ashley L Berkebile-Weinberg, Riana M Brown, Casey E McMahon, Maureen A Craig","doi":"10.1177/09567976251372125","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251372125","url":null,"abstract":"Most biased comments people experience are from friends. However, little is known about how people process experiences in which a friend expresses bias and how the relationship might be affected. The current research examines the anticipated relational effects of confronting (vs. not confronting) a friend's bias, using adult participants in the United States. Asian participants who imagined confronting a White friend's biased comment (or a stranger's: see Study 1) anticipated higher friendship or relationship quality compared with those who imagined not having that confrontation. This effect remained regardless of whether bias was directed toward participants' in-group or toward an out-group (see Study 2). The closer people felt to their friend, the more confronting (vs. not confronting) elicited higher friendship quality. Experimentally testing for mechanism demonstrated that the effect of confronting is driven by greater anticipated understanding (see Study 3). This work reveals that Asian people expect that confronting a friend's bias will elicit greater understanding and buffer against negative interpersonal effects.[Box: see text].","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"815-828"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reward Association With Mental States Shapes Empathy and Prosocial Behavior. 奖励与心理状态的关联影响移情和亲社会行为。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251351304

Yi Zhang, Leor Hackel

引用次数: 0

Are There Really People With No Inner Voice? Commentary on Nedergaard and Lupyan (2024). 真的有没有内心声音的人吗？尼德高与卢普扬评注（2024）。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251335583

Andreas Lind

引用次数: 0

Overconfidence Persists Despite Years of Accurate, Precise, Public, and Continuous Feedback: Two Studies of Tournament Chess Players. 尽管有多年准确、精确、公开和持续的反馈，过度自信仍然存在：对国际象棋锦标赛选手的两项研究。

IF 5.4 1区心理学

Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251360747

Patrick R Heck, Daniel J Benjamin, Daniel J Simons, Christopher F Chabris

{"title":"Overconfidence Persists Despite Years of Accurate, Precise, Public, and Continuous Feedback: Two Studies of Tournament Chess Players.","authors":"Patrick R Heck, Daniel J Benjamin, Daniel J Simons, Christopher F Chabris","doi":"10.1177/09567976251360747","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251360747","url":null,"abstract":"Overconfidence is thought to be a fundamental cognitive bias, but it is typically studied in environments where people lack accurate information about their abilities. We conducted a preregistered survey experiment and replication to learn whether overconfidence persists among tournament chess players who receive objective, precise, and public feedback about their skill. Our combined sample comprised 3,388 rated players aged 5 to 88 years from 22 countries with an average of 18.8 years of tournament experience. On average, participants asserted that their ability was 89 Elo rating points higher than their observed ratings indicated-expecting to outscore an equally rated opponent by nearly 2 to 1. One year later, only 11.3% of overconfident players achieved their asserted ability rating. Low-rated players overestimated their skill the most, and top-rated players were calibrated. Patterns consistent with overconfidence emerged in every sociodemographic subgroup we studied. We conclude that overconfidence persists in tournament chess, a real-world information environment that should be inhospitable to it.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"732-745"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144848511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0