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The spontaneous-diabetes rat: a model of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus by Yoshio Goto and Masaei Kakizaki (1981). 自发性糖尿病大鼠：非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病模型》，Yoshio Goto 和 Masaei Kakizaki 著（1981 年）。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.036
Hiroo Imura
{"title":"The spontaneous-diabetes rat: a model of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus by Yoshio Goto and Masaei Kakizaki (1981).","authors":"Hiroo Imura","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.036","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Y. Goto and M. Kakizaki produced a rat model of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) by repetitive selective breeding of rats with slightly impaired glucose tolerance. In contrast to most obese diabetes models, which were genetically modified animals created by inducing a gene mutation, this rat was a unique model because it was a spontaneous diabetes model created by selective breeding. Furthermore, when it became clear that this rat was a non-obese diabetic model that exhibited hyperglycemia due to a decrease in insulin secretion capacity, it was recognized as a valuable model for elucidating non-obese, hypoinsulinemic diabetes commonly seen in East Asians. Diabetes is becoming an important health problem worldwide, especially in the East Asian region, thus Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats are becoming increasingly important as a model of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 9","pages":"500-507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Projection mapping technologies: A review of current trends and future directions. 投影绘图技术：当前趋势和未来方向综述。
IF 3.1 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.012
Daisuke Iwai
{"title":"Projection mapping technologies: A review of current trends and future directions.","authors":"Daisuke Iwai","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.012","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study summarizes current trends and future directions in projection mapping technologies. Projection mapping seamlessly merges the virtual and real worlds through projected imagery onto physical surfaces, creating an augmented reality environment. Beyond traditional applications in advertising, art, and entertainment, various fields, including medical surgery, product design, and telecommunications, have embraced projection mapping. This study categorizes recent techniques that address technical challenges in accurately replicating desired appearances on physical surfaces through projected imagery into four groups: geometric registration, radiometric compensation, defocus compensation, and shadow removal. It subsequently introduces unconventional projectors developed to resolve specific technical issues and discusses two approaches for overcoming the inherent limitations of projector hardware, such as the inability to display images floating above physical surfaces. Finally, this study concludes the discussion with possible future directions for projection mapping technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 3","pages":"234-251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11105974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140094544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
First report on a series of food-derived mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines. 一系列食物来源的致突变和致癌杂环胺的首次报告。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.033
Yukari Totsuka, Masako Ochiai, Keiji Wakabayashi
{"title":"First report on a series of food-derived mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines.","authors":"Yukari Totsuka, Masako Ochiai, Keiji Wakabayashi","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.033","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lifestyle, especially diet, significantly impacts cancer development. Sugimura, T. et al. discovered that grilled fish smoke and charred parts are highly mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium. They identified two novel mutagenic heterocyclic amines (HCAs), 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1) and its derivative, Trp-P-2, from tryptophan pyrolysate. Published in Proc. Jpn. Acad. (53, 58-61, 1977), their findings initiated the identification of over 10 mutagenic HCAs in cooked foods, most of them newly registered. These 10 HCAs were demonstrated to induce cancers in organs including the liver, colon, breast, and prostate in mice and rats. HCAs are metabolized primarily by CYP1A2 to hydroxyamino derivatives. Their ester forms then adduct at guanine bases, altering genes such as Apc and β-catenin. Quantification of HCAs in cooked foods and human samples, along with epidemiological observations, suggests HCAs likely contribute to human cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 10","pages":"545-557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kimura's contributions on Earth polar motion studies. 木村对地球极地运动研究的贡献。
IF 3.1 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.002
Masanori Iye
{"title":"Kimura's contributions on Earth polar motion studies.","authors":"Masanori Iye","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.002","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kimura's discovery of z-term in the polar motion (Astron. J. 22, 107 (1902) and Astron. Nachr. 158, 233 (1902)) was recognized as an epoch-making scientific achievement for modern Japan, opening its doors to the world in 1868. Although Kimura served as the chair of the International Latitude Service during 1922-1934 and made efforts to interpret the z-term, it was unsuccessful. The physical interpretation of the z-term was given decades later by Wako (PASJ, 22, 525 (1970)). This article highlights Kimura's additional contributions that led to the interpretation by Wako.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 1","pages":"15-31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10864170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139417931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imaging-based chemogenetics for dissecting neural circuits in nonhuman primates. 基于成像的化学遗传学用于解剖非人灵长类动物的神经回路。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.030
Takafumi Minamimoto, Yuji Nagai, Kei Oyama
{"title":"Imaging-based chemogenetics for dissecting neural circuits in nonhuman primates.","authors":"Takafumi Minamimoto, Yuji Nagai, Kei Oyama","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.030","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonhuman primates, particularly macaque and marmoset monkeys, serve as invaluable models for studying complex brain functions and behavior. However, the lack of suitable genetic neuromodulation tools has constrained research at the network level. This review examines the application of a chemogenetic technology, specifically, designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs), to nonhuman primates. DREADDs offer a means of reversibly controlling neuronal activity within a specific cell type or neural pathway, effectively targeting multiple brain regions simultaneously. The combination of DREADDs with imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, has significantly enhanced nonhuman primate research, facilitating the precise visualization and manipulation of specific brain circuits and enabling the detailed monitoring of changes in network activity, which can then be correlated with altered behavior. This review outlines these technological advances and considers their potential for enhancing our understanding of primate brain circuit function and developing novel therapeutic approaches for treating brain diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 8","pages":"476-489"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11535006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Motonori Matuyama and reversals of geomagnetic field. 松山元典与地磁场逆转。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.031
Masaru Kono
{"title":"Motonori Matuyama and reversals of geomagnetic field.","authors":"Masaru Kono","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.031","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1929, Matuyama published his paper on the magnetization of mostly Quaternary volcanic rocks. In this paper, he described the results of paleomagnetic measurements of volcanic rocks from Japan and nearby areas and concluded that the latest transition of the magnetic field from reversed to normal state occurred in the early Quaternary. In the 1960s, two groups of scientists from the USA and Australia quite vigorously conducted studies of both magnetization and age of volcanic rocks. By about 1966, they completed the reversal timescale for the last 4 million years, which was to become the basis for many earth science studies. For easy reference, they suggested to call the most recent normal or reversed periods as Brunhes, Matuyama, Gauss, and Gilbert polarity epochs, with the names taken from the scientists who made very important contributions to paleomagnetism. Chron is now the official term for the epoch, and each chron is specified by a combination of a number and a character showing the polarity. However, the names of polarity epochs were already so popular that they are still quite frequently used in scientific papers. The Matuyama epoch is between 0.773 and 2.595 million years before present. Moreover, its lower limit is now used to define the start of the Quaternary.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 9","pages":"491-499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Key contributions of a glycolipid to membrane protein integration. 糖脂对膜蛋白整合的关键贡献。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.026
Keiko Shimamoto, Kohki Fujikawa, Tsukiho Osawa, Shoko Mori, Kaoru Nomura, Ken-Ichi Nishiyama
{"title":"Key contributions of a glycolipid to membrane protein integration.","authors":"Keiko Shimamoto, Kohki Fujikawa, Tsukiho Osawa, Shoko Mori, Kaoru Nomura, Ken-Ichi Nishiyama","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.026","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regulation of membrane protein integration involves molecular devices such as Sec-translocons or the insertase YidC. We have identified an integration-promoting factor in the inner membrane of Escherichia coli called membrane protein integrase (MPIase). Structural analysis revealed that, despite its enzyme-like name, MPIase is a glycolipid with a long glycan comprising N-acetyl amino sugars, a pyrophosphate linker, and a diacylglycerol (DAG) anchor. Additionally, we found that DAG, a minor membrane component, blocks spontaneous integration. In this review, we demonstrate how they contribute to Sec-independent membrane protein integration in bacteria using a comprehensive approach including synthetic chemistry and biophysical analyses. DAG blocks unfavorable spontaneous integrations by suppressing mobility in the membrane core, whereas MPIase compensates for this. Moreover, MPIase plays critical roles in capturing a substrate protein to prevent its aggregation, attracting it to the membrane surface, facilitating its insertion into the membrane, and delivering it to other factors. The combination of DAG and MPIase efficiently regulates the integration of membrane proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 7","pages":"387-413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11413397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
At the dawn of novel aromatics: "On the Synthesis of Hinokitiol" by Tetsuo Nozoe et al. 新型芳烃的曙光Tetsuo Nozoe 等人撰写的 "论 Hinokitiol 的合成"。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.99.020
Hiroyuki Isobe
{"title":"At the dawn of novel aromatics: \"On the Synthesis of Hinokitiol\" by Tetsuo Nozoe et al.","authors":"Hiroyuki Isobe","doi":"10.2183/pjab.99.020","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.99.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A paper titled \"On the Synthesis of Hinokitiol\" appeared in this journal in 1950 and marked the beginning of a new research field of novel aromatics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"427-437"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10822719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10176964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis and applications of helical polymers with dynamic and static memories of helicity. 具有螺旋度动态和静态记忆的螺旋聚合物的合成和应用。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Epub Date: 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.99.025
Eiji Yashima
{"title":"Synthesis and applications of helical polymers with dynamic and static memories of helicity.","authors":"Eiji Yashima","doi":"10.2183/pjab.99.025","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.99.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review mainly highlights our studies on the synthesis of one-handed helical polymers with a static memory of helicity based on the noncovalent helicity induction with a helical-sense bias and subsequent memory of the helicity approach that we developed during the past decade. Apart from the previous approaches, an excess one-handed helical conformation, once induced by nonracemic molecules, is immediately retained (\"memorized\") after the complete removal of the nonracemic molecules, accompanied by a significant amplification of the asymmetry, providing novel switchable chiral materials for chromatographic enantioseparation and asymmetric catalysis as well as a highly sensitive colorimetric and fluorescence chiral sensor. A conceptually new one-handed helix formation in a racemic helical polymer composed of racemic repeating units through the deracemization of the pendants is described.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"438-459"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10822720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49681624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Glancing at the birth of a galaxy of scientists from Rikō Majima. 看着星系诞生的科学家们从陆岛出发。
IF 3.1 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.99.019
Hiroyuki Isobe, Masahiro Hirama
{"title":"Glancing at the birth of a galaxy of scientists from Rikō Majima.","authors":"Hiroyuki Isobe, Masahiro Hirama","doi":"10.2183/pjab.99.019","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.99.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rikō Majima published seven papers in this journal, and seeing these papers and their surrounding contexts allows us to glance at the birth of a galaxy of scientists.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"335-351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10749390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10176963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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