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Corrigenda to "LUBAC-mediated linear ubiquitination: a crucial regulator of immune signaling". LUBAC 介导的线性泛素化：免疫信号转导的关键调节器》的更正。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.012
Kazuhiro Iwai
{"title":"Corrigenda to \"LUBAC-mediated linear ubiquitination: a crucial regulator of immune signaling\".","authors":"Kazuhiro Iwai","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.012","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.97.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 4","pages":"210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8062264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25579585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human gastric cancer risk screening: From rat pepsinogen studies to the ABC method. 人类胃癌风险筛查：从大鼠胃蛋白酶原研究到 ABC 法。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.023
Chie Furihata
{"title":"Human gastric cancer risk screening: From rat pepsinogen studies to the ABC method.","authors":"Chie Furihata","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.023","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.97.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined the development of gastric cancer risk screening, from rat pepsinogen studies in an experimental rat gastric carcinogenesis model induced with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and human pepsinogen studies in the 1970s and 1980s to the recent \"ABC method\" for human gastric cancer risk screening. First, decreased expression or absence of a major pepsinogen isozyme, PG1, was observed in the rat gastric mucosa from the early stages of gastric carcinogenesis to adenocarcinomas following treatment with MNNG. In the 1980s, decreases in PGI in the human gastric mucosa and serum were identified as markers of atrophic gastritis. In the 1990s, other researchers revealed that chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) causes atrophic gastritis and later gastric cancer. In the 2000s, a gastric cancer risk screening method combining assays to detect serum anti-Hp IgG antibody and serum PGI and PGII levels, the \"ABC method\", was established. Eradication of Hp and endoscopic follow-up examination after the ABC method are recommended to prevent gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 8","pages":"462-478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8553520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39526524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of vaccination against COVID-19 spreading. 疫苗接种对COVID-19传播的影响。
IF 3.1 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.027
Hirotaka Sugawara
{"title":"Effect of vaccination against COVID-19 spreading.","authors":"Hirotaka Sugawara","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.97.027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We continue (Ref. 1: Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B 97, 22-49) to analyze the COVID-19 status. We concentrate on the following issues in this work:1. Effect of vaccination against the spreading of SARS-CoV-2.2. General landscape of the world situation concerning vaccinations.3. Some aspects of the new variants of SARS-CoV-2.Our findings include:1. With vaccinations, it is fair to say that we have entered a new phase in the fight against the virus SARS-CoV-2. We have analyzed some preliminary data to find how vaccinations can be effective against COVID-19 spreading. This analysis is based on, and is a continuation of, our first paper quoted in Ref. 1.2. If Tokyo (or Japan) continues to keep its vaccination schedule (starting in early April, 2021 and finishing it for elderly, 65 or older, in 4 months), it will see a sign of control of the virus in early June, 2021 although we see changes of this status due to new, more contagious variants.3. The strength (parameter β) of a new contagious variant can be estimated based on the initial data on the variant (Section 5).</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 9","pages":"543-558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8610782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39608142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Transport phenomena in spin caloritronics. 自旋热电子学中的传输现象
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.004
Ken-Ichi Uchida
{"title":"Transport phenomena in spin caloritronics.","authors":"Ken-Ichi Uchida","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.004","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.97.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The interconversion between spin, charge, and heat currents is being actively studied from the viewpoints of both fundamental physics and thermoelectric applications in the field of spin caloritronics. This field is a branch of spintronics, which has developed rapidly since the discovery of the thermo-spin conversion phenomenon called the spin Seebeck effect. In spin caloritronics, various thermo-spin conversion phenomena and principles have subsequently been discovered and magneto-thermoelectric effects, thermoelectric effects unique to magnetic materials, have received renewed attention with the advances in physical understanding and thermal/thermoelectric measurement techniques. However, the existence of various thermo-spin and magneto-thermoelectric conversion phenomena with similar names may confuse non-specialists. Thus, in this Review, the basic behaviors, spin-charge-heat current conversion symmetries, and functionalities of spin-caloritronic phenomena are summarized, which will help new entrants to learn fundamental physics, materials science, and application studies in spin caloritronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 2","pages":"69-88"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7897901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25353637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lipid hydroperoxides in nutrition, health, and diseases. 脂质氢过氧化物在营养、健康和疾病中的作用。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.010
Teruo Miyazawa
{"title":"Lipid hydroperoxides in nutrition, health, and diseases.","authors":"Teruo Miyazawa","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.010","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.97.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on lipid peroxidation in food degradation, oil and fat nutrition, and age-related diseases has gained significant international attention for the view of improvement of societal health and longevity. In order to promote basic studies on these topics, a chemiluminescence detection-high performance liquid chromatography instrument using a high-sensitivity single photon counter as a detector was developed. This instrument enabled us to selectively detect and quantify lipid hydroperoxides, a primary product of lipid peroxidation reactions, as hydroperoxide groups at the lipid class level. Furthermore, an analytical method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been established to discriminate the position and stereoisomerization of hydroperoxide groups in lipid hydroperoxides. Using these two methods, the reaction mechanisms of lipid peroxidation in food and in the body have been confirmed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 4","pages":"161-196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8062262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25579584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic variations in medical research in the past, at present and in the future. 遗传变异在过去、现在和将来的医学研究。
IF 3.1 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.018
Yoichiro Kamatani, Yusuke Nakamura
{"title":"Genetic variations in medical research in the past, at present and in the future.","authors":"Yoichiro Kamatani,&nbsp;Yusuke Nakamura","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.97.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As we look so different, our genomic sequences vary enormously. The differences in our genome, genetic variations, have played very significant roles in medical research and have contributed to improvement of medical managements in the last 2-3 decades. Genetic variations include germline variations, somatic mutations, and diversities in receptor genes of rearranged immune cells, T cells and B cells. Germline variants are in some cases causative of genetic diseases, are associated with the risk of various diseases, and also affect drug efficacies or adverse events. Some somatic mutations are causative of tumor development. Recent DNA sequencing technologies allow us to perform single-cell analysis or detailed repertoire analysis of B and T cells. It is critically important to investigate temporal changes in immune environment in various anatomical regions in the next one to two decades. In this review article, we would like to introduce the roles of genetic variations in medical fields in the past, at present and in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 6","pages":"324-335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8403528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39089439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Optical manipulation of molecular function by chromophore-assisted light inactivation. 通过发色团辅助光失活对分子功能进行光学操纵。
IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.011
Kiwamu Takemoto
{"title":"Optical manipulation of molecular function by chromophore-assisted light inactivation.","authors":"Kiwamu Takemoto","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.011","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.97.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In addition to simple on/off switches for molecular activity, spatiotemporal dynamics are also thought to be important for the regulation of cellular function. However, their physiological significance and in vivo importance remain largely unknown. Fluorescence imaging technology is a powerful technique that can reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of molecular activity. In addition, because imaging detects the correlations between molecular activity and biological phenomena, the technique of molecular manipulation is also important to analyze causal relationships. Recent advances in optical manipulation techniques that artificially perturb molecules and cells via light can address this issue to elucidate the causality between manipulated target and its physiological function. The use of light enables the manipulation of molecular activity in microspaces, such as organelles and nerve spines. In this review, we describe the chromophore-assisted light inactivation method, which is an optical manipulation technique that has been attracting attention in recent years.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 4","pages":"197-209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8062263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25579586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental verification of the standard model of particle physics. 粒子物理标准模型的实验验证。
IF 3.1 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.013
Tomio Kobayashi
{"title":"Experimental verification of the standard model of particle physics.","authors":"Tomio Kobayashi","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.013","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.97.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The history concerning an experimental verification of the standard model of particle physics is reviewed with special emphasis on results from experiments using the highest-energy particle colliders, namely, PETRA, LEP and LHC. This article covers physics subjects from discovering the gluon and precise measurements at LEP, to discovering the Higgs boson. It also covers some searches for physics beyond the standard model, particularly supersymmetry, as well as recent developments of some particle detectors that were used in those experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 5","pages":"211-235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8141838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38974203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Development of a cell-free protein synthesis system for practical use. 一种实用的无细胞蛋白质合成系统的研制。
IF 3.1 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.015
Yaeta Endo
{"title":"Development of a cell-free protein synthesis system for practical use.","authors":"Yaeta Endo","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.015","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.97.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional cell-free protein synthesis systems had been the major platform to study the mechanism behind translating genetic information into proteins, as proven in the central dogma of molecular biology. Albeit being powerful research tools, most of the in vitro methods at the time failed to produce enough protein for practical use. Tremendous efforts were being made to overcome the limitations of in vitro translation systems, though mostly with limited success. While great knowledge was accumulated on the translation mechanism and ribosome structure, researchers rationalized that it may be impossible to fully reconstitute such a complex molecular process in a test tube. This review will examine how we have solved the difficulties holding back progress. Our newly developed cell-free protein synthesis system is based on wheat embryos and has many excellent characteristics, in addition to its high translation activity and robustness. Combined with other novel elementary technologies, we have established cell-free protein synthesis systems for practical use in research and applied sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 5","pages":"261-276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8141837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38975218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Generation and manipulation of current-induced spin-orbit torques. 电流诱导的自旋轨道力矩的产生和操控。
IF 3.1 3区 综合性期刊
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.025
Kazuya Ando
{"title":"Generation and manipulation of current-induced spin-orbit torques.","authors":"Kazuya Ando","doi":"10.2183/pjab.97.025","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.97.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An emerging field of spintronics, spin-orbitronics, aims to discover novel phenomena and functionalities originating from spin-orbit coupling in solid-state devices. The development of spin-orbitronics promises a fundamental understanding of spin physics in condensed matter, as well as smaller, faster, and far-more energy-efficient spin-based devices. Of particular importance in this field is current-induced spin-orbit torques, which trigger magnetic dynamics by the transfer of angular momentum from an atomic lattice to local magnetization through the spin-orbit coupling. The spin-orbit torque has attracted extensive attention for its fascinating relativistic and quantum mechanical nature, as well as prospective nanoelectronic applications. In this article, we review our studies on the generation and manipulation of current-induced spin-orbit torques.</p>","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"97 9","pages":"499-519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8610784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39608140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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