Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences最新文献_第10页

Quantum simulation of quantum many-body systems with ultracold two-electron atoms in an optical lattice 光学晶格中具有超冷双电子原子的量子多体系统的量子模拟

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.010

Y. Takahashi

引用次数: 5

Operating principles of the cerebral cortex as a six-layered network in primates: beyond the classic canonical circuit model 灵长类动物大脑皮层作为六层网络的工作原理：超越经典经典电路模型

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.007

Y. Miyashita

{"title":"Operating principles of the cerebral cortex as a six-layered network in primates: beyond the classic canonical circuit model","authors":"Y. Miyashita","doi":"10.2183/pjab.98.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.98.007","url":null,"abstract":"The cerebral cortex performs its computations with many six-layered fundamental units, collectively spreading along the cortical sheet. What is the local network structure and the operating dynamics of such a fundamental unit? Previous investigations of primary sensory areas revealed a classic “canonical” circuit model, leading to an expectation of similar circuit organization and dynamics throughout the cortex. This review clarifies the different circuit dynamics at play in the higher association cortex of primates that implements computation for high-level cognition such as memory and attention. Instead of feedforward processing of response selectivity through Layers 4 to 2/3 that the classic canonical circuit stipulates, memory recall in primates occurs in Layer 5/6 with local backward projection to Layer 2/3, after which the retrieved information is sent back from Layer 6 to lower-level cortical areas for further retrieval of nested associations of target attributes. In this review, a novel “dynamic multimode module (D3M)” in the primate association cortex is proposed, as a new “canonical” circuit model performing this operation.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":"93 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43041997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

RET receptor signaling: Function in development, metabolic disease, and cancer RET受体信号:在发育、代谢疾病和癌症中的作用

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.008

M. Takahashi

{"title":"RET receptor signaling: Function in development, metabolic disease, and cancer","authors":"M. Takahashi","doi":"10.2183/pjab.98.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.98.008","url":null,"abstract":"The RET proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase whose alterations are responsible for various human cancers and developmental disorders, including thyroid cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, and Hirschsprung’s disease. RET receptors are physiologically activated by glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands that bind to the coreceptor GDNF family receptor α (GFRα). Signaling via the GDNF/GFRα1/RET ternary complex plays crucial roles in the development of the enteric nervous system, kidneys, and urinary tract, as well as in the self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells. In addition, another ligand, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), has been shown to bind to GFRα-like and activate RET, regulating body weight. GDF15 is a stress response cytokine, and its elevated serum levels affect metabolism and anorexia-cachexia syndrome. Moreover, recent development of RET-specific kinase inhibitors contributed significantly to progress in the treatment of patients with RET-altered cancer. This review focuses on the broad roles of RET in development, metabolic diseases, and cancer.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":"112 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43165127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Clinical epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology studies with real-world databases. 临床流行病学和药物流行病学研究与现实世界的数据库。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.026

Satomi Yoshida, Masato Takeuchi, Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno, Kayoko Mizuno, Masayuki Nakashima, Toshiki Fukasawa, Koji Kawakami

{"title":"Clinical epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology studies with real-world databases.","authors":"Satomi Yoshida, Masato Takeuchi, Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno, Kayoko Mizuno, Masayuki Nakashima, Toshiki Fukasawa, Koji Kawakami","doi":"10.2183/pjab.98.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.98.026","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital-based registry data, including patients' information collected by academic societies or government based research groups, were previously used for clinical research in Japan. Now, real-world data routinely obtained in healthcare settings are being used in clinical epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology. Real-world data include a database of claims originating from health insurance associations for reimbursement of medical fees, diagnosis procedure combinations databases for acute inpatient care in hospitals, a drug prescription database, and electronic medical records, including patients' medical information obtained by doctors, derived from electronic records of hospitals. In the past ten years, much evidence of clinical epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology studies using real-world data has been accumulated. The purpose of this review was to introduce clinical epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology approaches and studies using real-world data in Japan.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"98 10","pages":"517-528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7c/b2/pjab-98-517.PMC9751262.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10478409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Development of liquid crystal displays and related improvements to their performances. 液晶显示器的开发及其性能的相关改进。

IF 4.4 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.025

Shunsuke Kobayashi, Tomohiro Miyama, Hidenari Akiyama, Atsushi Ikemura, Michio Kitamura

引用次数: 0

Implications of glutathione-S transferase P1 in MAPK signaling as a CRAF chaperone: In memory of Dr. Irving Listowsky. 谷胱甘肽- s转移酶P1在MAPK信号中作为CRAF伴侣的意义:纪念Irving Listowsky博士。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.005

Yoshiro Niitsu, Yasushi Sato, Tetsuji Takayama

{"title":"Implications of glutathione-S transferase P1 in MAPK signaling as a CRAF chaperone: In memory of Dr. Irving Listowsky.","authors":"Yoshiro Niitsu, Yasushi Sato, Tetsuji Takayama","doi":"10.2183/pjab.98.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.98.005","url":null,"abstract":"Glutathione-S transferase P1 (GSTP1) is one of the glutathione-S transferase isozymes that belong to a family of phase II metabolic isozymes. The unique feature of GSTP1 compared with other GST isozymes is its relatively high expression in malignant tissues. Thus, clinically, GSTP1 serves as a tumor marker and as a refractory factor against certain types of anticancer drugs through its primary function as a detoxifying enzyme. Additionally, recent studies have identified a chaperone activity of GSTP1 involved in the regulation the function of various intracellular proteins, including factors of the growth signaling pathway. In this review, we will first describe the function of GSTP1 and then extend the details onto its role in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway, referring to the results of our recent study that proposed a novel autocrine signal loop formed by the CRAF/GSTP1 complex in mutated KRAS and BRAF cancers. Finally, the possibilities of new therapeutic approaches for these cancers by targeting this complex will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"98 2","pages":"72-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ed/a8/pjab-98-072.PMC8890996.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39790221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Molecular physiology regulating cold tolerance and acclimation of Caenorhabditis elegans. 秀丽隐杆线虫耐寒与驯化的分子生理学调控

IF 4.4 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.009

Misaki Okahata, Haruka Motomura, Akane Ohta, Atsushi Kuhara

{"title":"Molecular physiology regulating cold tolerance and acclimation of Caenorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Misaki Okahata, Haruka Motomura, Akane Ohta, Atsushi Kuhara","doi":"10.2183/pjab.98.009","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.98.009","url":null,"abstract":"Many organisms can survive and proliferate in changing environmental temperatures. Here, we introduce a molecular physiological mechanism for cold tolerance and acclimation of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans on the basis of previous reports and a new result. Three types of thermosensory neurons located in the head, ASJ, ASG, and ADL, regulate cold tolerance and acclimation. In ASJ, components of the light-signaling pathway are involved in thermosensation. In ASG, mechanoreceptor DEG-1 acts as thermoreceptor. In ADL, transient receptor potential channels are thermoreceptors; however, the presence of an additional unidentified thermoreceptor is also speculated. ADL thermoresponsivity is modulated by oxygen sensory signaling from URX oxygen sensory neurons via hub interneurons. ASJ releases insulin and steroid hormones that are received by the intestine, which results in lipid composition changing with cold tolerance. Additionally, the intestinal transcriptional alteration affects sperm functions, which in turn affects the thermosensitivity of ASJ; thus, the neuron-intestine-sperm-neuron tissue circuit is essential for cold tolerance.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":"126-139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46889968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possibilities and challenges of small molecule organic compounds for the treatment of repeat diseases. 小分子有机化合物治疗重复性疾病的可能性和挑战。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.003

Kazuhiko Nakatani

引用次数: 4

Functional genomics in plant abiotic stress responses and tolerance: From gene discovery to complex regulatory networks and their application in breeding. 植物非生物胁迫响应和耐受性的功能基因组学:从基因发现到复杂调控网络及其在育种中的应用。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.024

Kazuo Shinozaki, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki

{"title":"Functional genomics in plant abiotic stress responses and tolerance: From gene discovery to complex regulatory networks and their application in breeding.","authors":"Kazuo Shinozaki, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki","doi":"10.2183/pjab.98.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.98.024","url":null,"abstract":"Land plants have developed sophisticated systems to cope with severe stressful environmental conditions during evolution. Plants have complex molecular systems to respond and adapt to abiotic stress, including drought, cold, and heat stress. Since 1989, we have been working to understand the complex molecular mechanisms of plant responses to severe environmental stress conditions based on functional genomics approaches with Arabidopsis thaliana as a model plant. We focused on the function of drought-inducible genes and the regulation of their stress-inducible transcription, perception and cellular signal transduction of stress signals to describe plant stress responses and adaptation at the molecular and cellular levels. We have identified key genes and factors in the regulation of complex responses and tolerance of plants in response to dehydration and temperature stresses. In this review article, we describe our 30-year experience in research and development based on functional genomics to understand sophisticated systems in plant response and adaptation to environmental stress conditions.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"98 8","pages":"470-492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/69/0e/pjab-98-470.PMC9614206.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33519997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Metabolomics of clinical samples reveal the treatment mechanism of lanthanum hydroxide on vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. 临床样品的代谢组学研究揭示了氢氧化镧对慢性肾病血管钙化的治疗机制。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.019

Chao Gu, Yuan Gao, Ruilan Han, Min Guo, Hong Liu, Jie Gao, Yang Liu, Bing Li, Lijun Sun, Ren Bu, Yang Liu, Jian Hao, Yan Meng, Ming An, Xiaodong Cao, Changhai Su, Gang Li

{"title":"Metabolomics of clinical samples reveal the treatment mechanism of lanthanum hydroxide on vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Chao Gu, Yuan Gao, Ruilan Han, Min Guo, Hong Liu, Jie Gao, Yang Liu, Bing Li, Lijun Sun, Ren Bu, Yang Liu, Jian Hao, Yan Meng, Ming An, Xiaodong Cao, Changhai Su, Gang Li","doi":"10.2183/pjab.98.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.98.019","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies showed that lanthanum hydroxide (LH) has a therapeutic effect on chronic kidney disease (CKD) and vascular calcification, which suggests that it might have clinical value. However, the target and mechanism of action of LH are unclear. Metabolomics of clinical samples can be used to predict the mechanism of drug action. In this study, metabolomic profiles in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were used to screen related signaling pathways, and we verified the influence of LH on the ROS-PI3K-AKT-mTOR-HIF-1α signaling pathway by western blotting and quantitative real-time RT-qPCR in vivo and in vitro. We found that ROS and SLC16A10 genes were activated in patients with ESRD. The SLC16A10 gene is associated with six significant metabolites (L-cysteine, L-cystine, L-isoleucine, L-arginine, L-aspartic acid, and L-phenylalanine) and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. The results showed that LH inhibits the ESRD process and its cardiovascular complications by inhibiting the ROS-PI3K-AKT-mTOR-HIF-1α signaling pathway. Collectively, LH may be a candidate phosphorus binder for the treatment of vascular calcification in ESRD.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"98 7","pages":"361-377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/b3/pjab-98-361.PMC9363596.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40657597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1