Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences最新文献

Thrombomodulin - A key regulator of intravascular blood coagulation and inflammation, and a treatment for disseminated intravascular coagulation.

IF 4.4 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.101.006

Koji Suzuki

{"title":"Thrombomodulin - A key regulator of intravascular blood coagulation and inflammation, and a treatment for disseminated intravascular coagulation.","authors":"Koji Suzuki","doi":"10.2183/pjab.101.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.101.006","url":null,"abstract":"Thrombomodulin (TM) is an important regulator of intravascular blood coagulation and inflammation. TM inhibits the procoagulant and proinflammatory activities of thrombin and promotes the thrombin-induced activation of protein C (PC) bound to the endothelial PC receptor (EPCR). Activated PC (APC) inactivates coagulation factors Va and VIIIa, thereby inhibiting blood clotting. Additionally, APC bound to EPCR exerts anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects on vascular endothelial cells. TM also protects cells in blood vessels from inflammation caused by pathogen-associated and damaged cell-associated molecules. Excessive anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and tissue regenerative effects in the TM-PC pathway are controlled by PC inhibitor. A recombinant TM drug (TMα), a soluble form of natural TM developed from the cloned human TM gene, has been evaluated for efficacy in many clinical trials and approved as a treatment for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) caused by diseases such as sepsis, solid tumors, hematopoietic tumors, and trauma. It is currently widely used to treat DIC in Japan.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incorporation of photosynthetically active algal chloroplasts in cultured mammalian cells towards photosynthesis in animals. 将光合作用活跃的藻类叶绿体纳入培养的哺乳动物细胞，以实现动物的光合作用。

IF 4.4 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-11 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.035

Ryota Aoki, Yayoi Inui, Yoji Okabe, Mayuko Sato, Noriko Takeda-Kamiya, Kiminori Toyooka, Koki Sawada, Hayato Morita, Baptiste Genot, Shinichiro Maruyama, Tatsuya Tomo, Kintake Sonoike, Sachihiro Matsunaga

{"title":"Incorporation of photosynthetically active algal chloroplasts in cultured mammalian cells towards photosynthesis in animals.","authors":"Ryota Aoki, Yayoi Inui, Yoji Okabe, Mayuko Sato, Noriko Takeda-Kamiya, Kiminori Toyooka, Koki Sawada, Hayato Morita, Baptiste Genot, Shinichiro Maruyama, Tatsuya Tomo, Kintake Sonoike, Sachihiro Matsunaga","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.035","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.035","url":null,"abstract":"Chloroplasts are photosynthetic organelles that evolved through the endosymbiosis between cyanobacteria-like symbionts and hosts. Many studies have attempted to isolate intact chloroplasts to analyze their morphological characteristics and photosynthetic activity. Although several studies introduced isolated chloroplasts into the cells of different species, their photosynthetic activities have not been confirmed. In this study, we isolated photosynthetically active chloroplasts from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae and incorporated them in cultured mammalian cells via co-cultivation. The incorporated chloroplasts retained their thylakoid structure in intracellular vesicles and were maintained in the cytoplasm, surrounded by the mitochondria near the nucleus. Moreover, the incorporated chloroplasts maintained electron transport activity of photosystem II in cultured mammalian cells for at least 2 days after the incorporation. Our top-down synthetic biology-based approach may serve as a foundation for creating artificially photosynthetic animal cells.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"524-536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Origin of an orbiting star around the galactic supermassive black hole. 围绕银河系超大质量黑洞的轨道恒星的起源。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Epub Date: 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.007

Shogo Nishiyama, Tomohiro Kara, Brian Thorsbro, Hiromi Saida, Yohsuke Takamori, Masaaki Takahashi, Takayuki Ohgami, Kohei Ichikawa, Rainer Schödel

{"title":"Origin of an orbiting star around the galactic supermassive black hole.","authors":"Shogo Nishiyama, Tomohiro Kara, Brian Thorsbro, Hiromi Saida, Yohsuke Takamori, Masaaki Takahashi, Takayuki Ohgami, Kohei Ichikawa, Rainer Schödel","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.007","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.007","url":null,"abstract":"The tremendous tidal force that is linked to the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the center of our galaxy is expected to strongly subdue star formation in its vicinity. Stars within 1'' from the SMBH thus likely formed further from the SMBH and migrated to their current positions. In this study, spectroscopic observations of the star S0-6/S10, one of the closest (projected distance from the SMBH of ≈0''.3) late-type stars were conducted. Using metal absorption lines in the spectra of S0-6, the radial velocity of S0-6 from 2014 to 2021 was measured, and a marginal acceleration was detected, which indicated that S0-6 is close to the SMBH. The S0-6 spectra were employed to determine its stellar parameters including temperature, chemical abundances ([M/H], [Fe/H], [α/Fe], [Ca/Fe], [Mg/Fe], [Ti/Fe]), and age. As suggested by the results of this study, S0-6 is very old (≳10 Gyr) and has an origin different from that of stars born in the central pc region.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"86-99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10864168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cloning of human Type I interferon cDNAs. 克隆人类 I 型干扰素 cDNA。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.001

Shigekazu Nagata

引用次数: 0

Calmodulin: a highly conserved and ubiquitous Ca²⁺ sensor. 钙调蛋白：高度保守且无处不在的 Ca2+ 传感器。

IF 4.4 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.025

Kenji Sobue

{"title":"Calmodulin: a highly conserved and ubiquitous Ca2+ sensor.","authors":"Kenji Sobue","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.025","DOIUrl":"10.2183/pjab.100.025","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium ions (Ca2+) play critical roles in various biological phenomena. The free Ca2+ concentration in the cytoplasm of a resting cell is at the 10-7 M level, whereas that outside the cell is 10-3 M, creating a 10,000-fold gradient of Ca2+ concentrations across the cell membrane, separating the intracellular and extracellular solutions.1),2) When a cell is activated by external stimuli, the intracellular Ca2+ concentration increases to levels of 10-6-10-5 M through Ca2+ entry from the extracellular solution via plasma membrane Ca2+ channels and/or Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. This transient increase in Ca2+ functions as an important signal mediated by Ca2+ sensors. Thus, Ca2+ signals are transmitted to intracellular loci such as distinct, localized targets of Ca2+ sensors. Among numerous Ca2+ sensors present in cells, calmodulin is a highly conserved and ubiquitous Ca2+ sensor.3).","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 7","pages":"368-386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11413395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum to "Establishment of immune suppression by cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment". 对 "癌细胞在肿瘤微环境中建立免疫抑制 "的勘误。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.016

Hiroyoshi Nishikawa

引用次数: 0

Invention of the split-anode magnetron. 发明分裂阳极磁控管。

IF 4.4 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.018

Hidenori Mimura

引用次数: 0

Optical coupling of individual air-suspended carbon nanotubes to silicon microcavities. 单个空气悬浮碳纳米管与硅微腔的光学耦合。

IF 4.4 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.022

Wataru Terashima, Yuichiro K Kato

引用次数: 0

Report on the mutagenicity of flavone derivatives and their contribution to advancing scientific knowledge.

IF 4.4 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.032

Yukari Totsuka, Keiji Wakabayashi

{"title":"Report on the mutagenicity of flavone derivatives and their contribution to advancing scientific knowledge.","authors":"Yukari Totsuka, Keiji Wakabayashi","doi":"10.2183/pjab.100.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.100.032","url":null,"abstract":"Flavonoids, such as quercetin and kaempferol, and their glycosides, are widely distributed in vegetables and fruits. Sugimura, T. et al. investigated the mutagenicity of flavone derivatives, and found that quercetin and kaempferol showed high mutagenic activities in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with S9 mix, comparable to that of the typical carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene. These novel findings were published in Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B 53, 194-197, 1977. Other research groups also reported the mutagenic properties of flavone derivatives in S. typhimurium strains. These observations led to the commencement of long-term animal carcinogenesis experiments involving quercetin. A USA-Turkey joint study reported that feeding rats with 0.1% quercetin in the diet produced carcinomas. However, Japanese scientists showed no carcinogenicity with quercetin in rats, mice, or hamsters, even at 10% in the diet. NTP Technical Report on the Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Quercetin in F344/N Rats concluded that there was no evidence of its carcinogenic activity. Therefore, the potential risk of quercetin in human cancers is likely to be negligible. These flavonoid issues provided a warning regarding the simplistic understanding that mutagens are carcinogens, and microbial tests alone are inadequate for safety assessment; therefore, and a battery of tests for genotoxicity is recommended. Thus, the informative report in 1977 made significant contributions to initiating and promoting genotoxicity studies of flavonoids.","PeriodicalId":20707,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences","volume":"100 10","pages":"537-544"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical characterization of heavy actinides and light transactinides - Experimental achievements at JAEA. 重锕系元素和轻锕系元素的化学特征 - JAEA 的实验成就。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.100.011

Yuichiro Nagame, Tetsuya K Sato

引用次数: 0