{"title":"A Special Issue of Mass Spectrometry Reviews to Honor Professor Richard B. Cole","authors":"Laurent Debrauwer, Olivier Laprévote","doi":"10.1002/mas.21935","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mas.21935","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":"44 5","pages":"667-669"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kuen-Tyng Lin, Gul Muneer, Pei-Rong Huang, Ciao-Syuan Chen, Yu-Ju Chen
{"title":"Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics for Next-Generation Precision Oncology.","authors":"Kuen-Tyng Lin, Gul Muneer, Pei-Rong Huang, Ciao-Syuan Chen, Yu-Ju Chen","doi":"10.1002/mas.21932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide characterized by patient heterogeneity and complex tumor microenvironment. While the genomics-based testing has transformed modern medicine, the challenge of diverse clinical outcomes highlights unmet needs for precision oncology. As functional molecules regulating cellular processes, proteins hold great promise as biomarkers and drug targets. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based clinical proteomics has illuminated the molecular features of cancers and facilitated discovery of biomarkers or therapeutic targets, paving the way for innovative strategies that enhance the precision of personalized treatment. In this article, we introduced the tools and current achievements of MS-based proteomics, choice of discovery and targeted MS from discovery to validation phases, profiling sensitivity from bulk samples to single-cell level and tissue to liquid biopsy specimens, current regulatory landscape of MS-based protein laboratory-developed tests (LDTs). The challenges, success and future perspectives in translating research MS assay into clinical applications are also discussed. With well-designed validation studies to demonstrate clinical benefits and meet the regulatory requirements for both analytical and clinical performance, the future of MS-based assays is promising with numerous opportunities to improve cancer diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Defining Spectral Quality in Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics: A Retrospective Review.","authors":"Vilenne Frédérique, Appeltans Simon, Askenazi Manor, Valkenborg Dirk","doi":"10.1002/mas.21933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is essential for advancing preventive and personalised medicine. Technological advancements have greatly increased both the number and sensitivity of spectra generated in a single experiment. Traditionally, spectra are identified using database search engines that depend on large and continuously expanding databases. This expansion enlarges the search space, posing challenges for controlling the false discovery rate in peptide identification. While many bioinformatic workflows employ rescoring algorithms as a post-processing step to manage false discoveries, preprocessing spectra offers a promising alternative. One such method, spectral quality assessment, classifies spectra as \"high\" quality (likely containing a peptide) or \"low\" quality (predominantly consisting of noise). This review provides a comprehensive perspective on spectral quality assessment, examining existing tools and their underlying principles. We discuss key considerations such as the definition of spectral quality, normalisation, the use of experimental training data, and future research in the field. By highlighting the potential of spectral quality assessment to improve peptide identification and reduce false discoveries, we aim to elaborate on its potential for the proteomics community.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guoyuan Liao, Bo Yang, Lei Li, Xiaolan Hu, Christian George, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Anthony Wexler, Pablo Sinues, Xue Li
{"title":"The Evolution of Secondary/Extractive Electrospray Ionization: From Ionization Mechanism to Instrumental Advances.","authors":"Guoyuan Liao, Bo Yang, Lei Li, Xiaolan Hu, Christian George, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Anthony Wexler, Pablo Sinues, Xue Li","doi":"10.1002/mas.21931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary electrospray ionization (SESI) and extractive electrospray ionization (EESI), as derivative technologies of electrospray ionization (ESI), have empowered the real-time analysis of trace compounds residing in gases and aerosols. Over the past three decades, SESI and EESI have demonstrated remarkable potential in a wide spectrum of applications, spanning disease diagnosis, drug detection, food safety, and environmental surveillance. Concurrently, the strides made in deciphering the ionization mechanisms of SESI and EESI have spurred the creation of diverse ion source configurations that are characterized by enhanced sensitivity and diminished background noise. This comprehensive review encapsulates the ionization mechanisms inherent in SESI and EESI processes, with particular emphasis on the impact of analyte characteristics (such as proton affinity, dipole moment, polarizability, and solubility) and ion source operational parameters (encompassing temperature, humidity, voltage, flow rate and electrospray composition) on ionization efficiency. Additionally, it delves into the progression of SESI and EESI sources, highlights recent breakthroughs, and probes into future trajectories, furnishing novel perspectives for the development of both technologies and the associated instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antithrombin: Deficiency, Diversity, and the Future of Diagnostics.","authors":"Mirjam Kruijt, Christa M Cobbaert, L Renee Ruhaak","doi":"10.1002/mas.21929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our healthcare system provides reactive sick-care, treating patients after symptoms have appeared by prescription of generic and often suboptimal therapy. This strategy brings along high costs and high pressure which is not sustainable. Alternatively, P5 healthcare is proposed focusing on five key elements: prevention, personalization, prediction, participation, psychocognition, however, changes in current clinical care pathways are required, for which antithrombin deficiency is a prime example. Hereditary antithrombin deficiency (ATD) is a genetic disorder, for which screening is instigated after a thrombotic episode. Current diagnostic tests for ATD lack sensitivity and refinement to correctly classify patients, and generic treatments are prescribed. A molecular understanding of ATD through a molecular diagnostic test that analyzes all clinically relevant features of antithrombin is required. Here, clinically relevant molecular characteristics of antithrombin, the diversity of antithrombin (deficiency) in heath and disease, and the strengths and weaknesses of antithrombin tests are reviewed. A mass spectrometry test that molecularly characterizes a patients antithrombin proteoforms harbors the highest potential to improve the clinical pathway for ATD. Application of this MS-based test in a future enhanced clinical pathway will improve patient management and outcome through molecular characterization of antithrombin and enables the promise of P5 healthcare for ATD.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Instrumentation and Applications in Post-Column and In-Source Derivatization for LC-MS.","authors":"Nadeem Muhammad, Irshad Hussain, Xiao-An Fu, Amjad Ali, Dandan Guo, Laila Noureen, Qamar Subhani, Naushad Ahmad, Quan-Fei Zhu, Hairong Cui, Yu-Qi Feng","doi":"10.1002/mas.21930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has become an indispensable tool for elucidating molecular structures and quantifying diverse compounds within complex mixtures. Despite its versatility, it faces various challenges such as ion suppression, low sensitivity, analyte instability, and matrix effects, which are being overcome by different kinds of offline and online derivatization techniques to improve specificity and reduce potential interferences. In this context, considerable advancements have been made in reviewing and critically evaluating a wide range of developed methods and techniques; however, little attention has been given to post-column derivatization (PCD) in LC-MS. Therefore, this comprehensive review highlights state-of-the-art advancements in LC-MS with a specific focus on various types of chemical and physical PCD, and in-source derivatization. It also examines the latest instrumentation developments, highlights methods and influencing factors, and explores applications in food, proteomics, biology, pharmaceuticals, and environmental analysis from the past four decades. Besides, this review critically examines the role of PCD in LC-MS along with outlining its advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, special emphasis is also made on prospects and insights for developing more versatile LC-PCD-MS techniques and in-source methodologies, to address ongoing challenges and aim to open new research avenues for analysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aviv Amirav, Benny Neumark, Oneg Elkabets, Alex Yakovchuk
{"title":"Cold EI-The Way to Improve GC-MS and Increase Its Range of Applications.","authors":"Aviv Amirav, Benny Neumark, Oneg Elkabets, Alex Yakovchuk","doi":"10.1002/mas.21928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with Cold electron ionization (EI) is based on interfacing the GC and MS with a supersonic molecular beam (SMB) along with electron ionization of vibrationally cold sample compounds in the SMB in a contact-free fly-through ion source (hence the name Cold EI). Cold EI improves all the central performance aspects of GC-MS, including: a significantly extended range of compounds that are amenable for analysis, enhanced molecular ions, highly improved sample identification, faster analysis (much faster), uniform response to all analytes, greater selectivity and higher signal to noise ratios and lower limits of detection, particularly for compounds that are difficult to analyze. GC-MS with Cold EI executes the analysis of the full range of standard EI applications and most with major improvements of various metrics. Furthermore, it significantly extends the range of compounds and applications amenable for GC-MS analysis. Accordingly, it is a highly superior replacement ion source. In this review article, we describe Cold EI and its main features, discuss its benefits, and demonstrate several of its unique applications including cannabinoids analysis, synthetic organic compounds analysis, whole blood analysis for medical diagnostics, isomer distribution analysis for improved fuels and oils, and explosives analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decoding Sugars: Mass Spectrometric Advances in the Analysis of the Sugar Alphabet.","authors":"Jitske M van Ede, Dinko Soic, Martin Pabst","doi":"10.1002/mas.21927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monosaccharides play a central role in metabolic networks and in the biosynthesis of glycomolecules, which perform essential functions across all domains of life. Thus, identifying and quantifying these building blocks is crucial in both research and industry. Routine methods have been established to facilitate the analysis of common monosaccharides. However, despite the presence of common metabolites, most organisms utilize distinct sets of monosaccharides and derivatives. These molecules therefore display a large diversity, potentially numbering in the hundreds or thousands, with many still unknown. This complexity presents significant challenges in the study of glycomolecules, particularly in microbes, including pathogens and those with the potential to serve as novel model organisms. This review discusses mass spectrometric techniques for the isomer-sensitive analysis of monosaccharides, their derivatives, and activated forms. Although mass spectrometry allows for untargeted analysis and sensitive detection in complex matrices, the presence of stereoisomers and extensive modifications necessitates the integration of advanced chromatographic, electrophoretic, ion mobility, or ion spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, stable-isotope incorporation studies are critical in elucidating biosynthetic routes in novel organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinton Yu, Rithika Adavikolanu, Robyn M Kaake, Lan Huang
{"title":"Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics Technologies to Define Endogenous Protein-Protein Interactions and Their Applications to Cancer and Viral Infectious Diseases.","authors":"Clinton Yu, Rithika Adavikolanu, Robyn M Kaake, Lan Huang","doi":"10.1002/mas.21926","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mas.21926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An intricate network of protein assemblies and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) underlies nearly every biological process in living systems. The organization of these cellular networks is highly dynamic and intimately tied to the genomic and proteomic landscapes of a cell. Disruptions in normal PPIs can impair cellular functions and contribute to the development of human diseases. In recent years, targeting PPIs has emerged as an attractive strategy for drug discovery. Consequently, the identification and characterization of endogenous PPIs-those occurring naturally under physiological conditions-has become crucial for unraveling the molecular mechanisms driving human pathology and for laying the groundwork for novel diagnostics and therapeutics. Owing to numerous technological advancements, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has transformed the study of PPIs at the systems-level. This review focuses on proteomics approaches that enable the characterization of physiologically relevant endogenous interactions, spanning complex-centric to structure-centric analyses. Additionally, their applications to define native PPIs in the contexts of cancer and viral infectious diseases is highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12334737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MS-Based Glycome Characterization of Biotherapeutics With N- and O-Glycosylation.","authors":"Myung Jin Oh, Youngsuk Seo, Nari Seo, Hyun Joo An","doi":"10.1002/mas.21925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the increasing FDA approvals of glycoprotein-based biotherapeutics including monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, and enzyme treatments, the significance of glycosylation in modulating drug efficacy and safety becomes central. This review highlights the crucial role of mass spectrometry (MS) in elucidating the glycome of biotherapeutics that feature N- and O-glycosylation, directly addressing the challenges posed by glycosylation complexity and heterogeneity. We have detailed the advancements and application of MS technologies including MALDI-TOF MS, LC-MS, and tandem MS in the precise characterization of glycoprotein therapeutics. Emphasizing MS-based strategies for detecting immunogenic glycans and ensuring batch-to-batch consistency, this review highlights targeted approaches for glycoprotein, glycopeptide, and glycan analysis tailored to meet the stringent analytical and regulatory demands of biopharmaceutical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}