Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series最新文献

{"title":"Efficiency of use of carbon ferrozine-containing sorbent in the diets of lactating cows and rabbits","authors":"O. N. Antipenko","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-249-256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-249-256","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the research results of the radiological efficiency of the carbon ferrocin-containing 137Cs sorbent produced at the Institute of Nature Management of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus on cattle and small farm animals.The experiment was held at the Branch of the “Agro-Vetka” JSC “Vetka Agroservice” farm located in the Vetka district, Gomel region, Belarus, and involved two groups of lactating cows, 5 heads each. The experiment group, unlike the control one, was given a sorbent at a rate of 40 g per head per day mixed in the diet. Milk samples of the cows of the experiment and control groups were taken on the 0, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17 and 20th day of the experiment. Starting from the 5th day and up to the 20th day of sorbent feeding, a 1.7 to 4.5 time decrease in the 137Cs content in milk was observed.The sorbent cost in the experiment group per 1 thousand Bq of the obtained difference (against the control group) in the 137Cs content in milk was 0.65 rubles. The ferrocin use for the same purpose can be approximately 5.2 times more expensive.The adsorption efficiency of 137Cs by domestic sorbents based on carbon and ferrocin on small farm animals was studied. The experiment lasted 30 days and involved 4 groups of the 3-month Pannon White male rabbits, including 1 control and 3 experiment groups, three rabbits per each group. The experiment groups were formed using a pair matching method. Ferrocin and carbon-modified sorbents were mixed into the composition of rabbit compound feed.The 1st group received 0.2 g ferrocin per head at a rate of 100 mg per 1 kg of live weight. The 2nd and 3rd groups were given 2 and 4 g of carbon ferrocin-containing sorbent per head, respectively, at a rate of 1 and 2 g per 1 kg of live weight, respectively. The effect of the carbon and ferrocyanide (5 %)-modified sorbent at a dose of 2 and 4 grams per rabbit is by a factor of 1.4 and 2.6, respectively, more effective than the application of ferrocin alone. A dose of 4 grams of the carbon-modified sorbent is by a factor 1.8 more effective than that of 2 grams.The costs associated with 1 thousand Bq difference in accumulation of 137Cs in rabbit meat in the “carbon sorbent 2 g/head” and “carbon sorbent 4 g/head” groups is respectively 0.93 rubles, or 7.6 times, and 0.83 rubles, or 4.0 times, lower than those in the “ferrocyn” group.","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77003875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of chitosan complexes with 3ʹ,5ʹ-сyclic diadenosine monophosphate","authors":"M. Vinter, I. Kazlouski, A. Zinchenko","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-206-212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-206-212","url":null,"abstract":"To solve the problem of delivering pharmacologically promising 3ʹ,5ʹ-cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (cyclo-diAMP) to target cells in humans and animals, the complexes of the above-mentioned dinucleotide with natural polymer – chitosan were originally synthesized by ionotropic gelation technique. It was found that the binding degree of cyclo-diAMP to this biopolymeric carrier reaches 60 %; wherein the capacity of the obtained complexes with respect to the dinucleotide is 800–860 µg/mg of the produced complex. Cyclo-diAMP has also been shown to elute from the chitosan complex to the citrate-phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) up to 36 % by 21 hours. The obtained results testify in favor of potential application of cyclodiAMP complex with chitosan for prolonged delivery of the studied cyclic dinucleotide to target cells.","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83630102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Freshwater gastropods as pathogens of natural focal invasions in the aquatic ecosystems of the Chernobyl exclusion zone","authors":"I. Yurchenko","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-234-240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-234-240","url":null,"abstract":"It has been established that 20 species (including two species complexes) of freshwater gastropods from 7 families live in water bodies on the territory of the PSRER, in which 51 species of trematodes from 21 families with a predominance of species of the Echinostomatidae family (10 species) parasitize at the parthenitis stage. The maximum number of trematode species was registered in the mollusks Lithoglyphus naticoides and Planorbarius corneus – 8 species of parasites with an infestation of 11.0 and 28.4 %, respectively. In the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl NPP, the circulation of natural focal helminthiasis caused by parasitization of trematodes Opisthorchiidae (Metorchis bilis, Pseudamphistomum truncatum, Opisthorchis felineus) identified in the studied animal species was established. For the mollusk Bithynia leachii, a high degree of infection (43.1 %) with the trematode O. felineus was noted.","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83327458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production indicators and elements of the energy balance of the relict mysida Mysis relicta (Loven) population on Lake Yuzhny Volos","authors":"V. M. Baitchorov, Yu. G. Hihiniak, E. V. Korzun","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-241-248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-241-248","url":null,"abstract":"Field studies and a retrospective analysis of distribution and life cycle features of the glacial relict Mysis relicta (Loven) on Lake Yuzhny Volos on the southern border of distribution of the species on the European continent were carried out. The size-age structure, number and density of the mysida population did not change over a half-century period on Lake Yuzhny Volos. Life cycle features, which consist in the existence of parallel lines of alternating one-year and two-year generations, remain stable. The mysida production characteristics were determined. It is shown that the somatic production of two-year generation females at the level of the individual and the population is two times higher than that of one-year generation females. During the gestation of juveniles, the female consumes the body weight energy equivalent, which is equal to 2.13 cal·individual–1 for a one-year generation and 7.32 cal·individual–1 for a twoyear generation, 9.5·108 and 25.5·108 cal for all individuals of one-year and two-year generations. Egg production for life in the mysida population was 29.5·108 cal, which is comparable to the total somatic production. The exuvial production of mysids at the level of the individual and the population turned out to be ten times higher than the somatic one. The energy spent for respiration is 900 times higher than the somatic production values for one-year generation females and 1200 times for twoyear generation females. The coefficient K2 values appeared to be close for the both generations (0.032–0.034) and are represented by very low values compared to the freshwater macrozoobenthos of temperate latitudes.","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84219037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical and molecular genetic characteristics of the bacteria – the basis of the microbial preparation “Bioproductin”","authors":"E. Y. Shmyga, A. Muratova, E. Kalamiyets","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-213-223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-3-213-223","url":null,"abstract":"Cultures of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BIM B-1267 D, B. mojavensis BIM B-1268 D, Priestia megaterium BIM B-1269 D and B. amyloliquefaciens BIM B-1270 D bacteria, which form the basis of the bioproduct “Bioproductin”, have mutually complementary properties – pronounced antimicrobial, nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-mobilizing and phytostimulating activities, the ability to synthesize a number of hydrolytic enzymes (proteinase, endo-1.4-β-xylanase, endo-1.4-β-glucanase, α-amylase and phytase), indolylacetic acid, siderophores. In the genomes of the studied bacterial strains, the presence of genes encoding the synthesis of bacillen, bacillibactin, bacillomycin, difficidin, phengicin, macrolactin, surfactin, and iturin was established, which confirms their significant antimicrobial potential. It is also shown that the genes determining the synthesis of indolylacetic acid – the main hormone of plant growth – are present in the bacterial chromosome.","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77363229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition of the essential oil of Monarda fistulosa L., cultivated in the north-east of Belarus","authors":"I. G. Ermoshenko","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-163-168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-163-168","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time the data have been presented on the chemical composition of the essential oil of Monarda fistulosa L., cultivated in the north-east of Belarus (Vitebsk region). Dried leaves and inflorescences of M. fistulosa L., harvested in the flowering phase, were used to obtain the essential oil. More than 70 components were detected by chromato-mass spectrometry, of which 33 were identified. The main components of the essential oil are thymol (29.18 % in leaves and 38.4 % in inflorescences), carvacrol (22.83 % in leaves and 21.5 % in inflorescences) and p-cymene (17.5 % in leaves and 9.5 % in inflorescences). The main component of essential oils is thymol, which makes it possible to attribute the studied samples of M. fistulosa L. to the thymol chemotype. M. fistulosa L. can be recommended for further study and cultivation as a promising essential oil plant in the north-east of Belarus. ","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89683728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and genetic characterization of the Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca mutant strain with increased resistance to hydrogen peroxide","authors":"K. Verameyenka, K. S. Bondarava, A. Liaudanskaya, N. Maximova","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-154-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-154-162","url":null,"abstract":"A whole genome sequencing of natural and mutant producer strains is the best way to analyze the genome and to search for mutations that could cause the acquisition of a number of properties valuable for biotechnological and pharmaceutical industry.The main goal of current research was to identify mutations that had been induced by chemical mutagenesis in the genome of the mutant strain Рseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca B-162/15 resistant to hydrogen peroxide. It would give an opportunity to discover new genes potentially participating in phenazine compounds biosynthesis. Such an approach also makes it possible to identify genes, whose products do not directly participate in the phenazine synthesis, but influence the phenazine detoxification, excretion, and optimization of antioxidant system activity. Most of all, it could help us to discover new unpredicted enzyme systems that might be involved into this process.The genome size of P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca B-162/15 was 7109863 b. p. It contained 6493 open reading frames and 66 sequences encoding transport and ribosomal RNA. Comparison of a wild-type strain and B-162/15 mutant genomes revealed 16 mutations, 13 of which were located in coding sequences and 3 were located in intergenic regions. Six mutations led to radical replacements in amino acid sequences of coded proteins (with a Grantham distance of more than 80). We managed to identify four potential gene-candidates, which could influence the phenazine metabolism and provided the ability of mutant strain to superproductivity. They were arginine N-succinyltransferase, phosphoenolpyruvate synthase, iron-contain-ing redox enzyme family protein, membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism. Three prophage regions were identified, two regions of which were intact and one region was incomplete. The prophage genes, as well as the bacterial genes were inside these regions. We also managed to identify two genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens inside prophage region 2. It was possible that these regions were introduced into the genome of studied strain by viral transduction. ","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82154425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fecundity of the narrow-clawed crayfish Pontastacus leptodactylus in the water bodies of Belarus","authors":"A. Alekhnovich","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-147-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-147-153","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-larvae hatching fecundity and ovarian fecundity of narrow-clawed crayfish populations were estimated in the lakes and reservoirs of Belarus. Statistically significant differences in the fecundity of females from various water bodies were noted only for Lake Kichino. For all other water bodies, the fecundity dependence on the length of females did not differ statistically and was described by one equation. The greatest loss of eggs was noted during the spawning period (oviposition), insemination and attachment to pleopods of the female. During this short period (2–3 hours), egg mortality of females 120 mm TL is 30 %, it decreases for small females and increases for large ones. During the gestation period, egg mortality averages 8 %. ","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76592876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species composition of micromycetes at the Progress, Vechernyaya Gora, and Novolazorevskaya stations (East Antarctica)","authors":"V. V. Karmanova, T. Shabashova, Yu. G. Hihiniak, M. Sinyavskaya","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-114-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-114-123","url":null,"abstract":"The survival of fungi in Antarctica is a consequence of both ecological selection and evolutionary adaptation expressed at the physiological, metabolic, structural, and genetic levels. The study of the biological diversity of Antarctic micromycetes will help us to better understand the pathways of fungal dispersal in the biosphere, as well as to broaden our understanding of their role in extreme ecosystems. In addition, micromycetes of extreme habitats are the promising objects of biotechnology.The purpose of the work is to study the biological diversity of microscopic fungi on natural and anthropogenically introduced substrates in the East Antartica research areas of Progress, Novolazarevskaya, and Mount Vechernyaya stations.Traditional isolation methods were used to isolate micromycetes in culture. To determine the species composition, microbiological and molecular genetic methods were used. As a result of mycological analysis, 46 species of micromycetes from 22 genera and 3 phylum were identified. The taxonomic analysis was made and the dominant genera of micromycetes were identified: Thelebolus, Penicillium, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Geomyces, Cadophora, Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus. The temperature-dependent growth features of micromycetes were analyzed: most of the isolated species were psychrotrophic. The greatest species diversity of micromycetes was noted in soils with plant and animal inclusions, the smallest – on stony substrates.","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75881772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species diversity and ecological and trophic structure of agaricoid mushrooms growing under the conditions of the reserved regime (Nikorsky forestry, Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park).","authors":"H. O. Antonovich","doi":"10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-124-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-2-124-135","url":null,"abstract":"The Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park is a unique natural monument that is the only relic flat forest in Europe. This is one of the oldest protected areas, in most of which old coniferous-broad-leaved forests are growing. They are of particular value for study and conservation of biological diversity.The article presents the study results of the species diversity of fungi based on herbarium specimens stored in the MSK-F herbarium and the materials of our own collections in different-type phytocenoses on the territory of the Nikorsky forestry. Species identification of agaricoid basidiomycetes was carried out by standard mycological methods. As a result, 145 species were identified, including 8 varieties and 2 forms of basidial macromycetes. Of these, 34 species, including 2 varieties of agaricoid fungi, are rare for the mycobiota of the National Park, and 13 are very rare and are represented by single finds. The taxonomic analysis of the herbarium material and the published data showed that the dominant genera in terms of a number of species in the mycobiota of agaricoid basidiomycetes were represented by the genera Cortinarius (17 species), Lactarius (12 species), Mycena (10 species), and Russula (8 species).The most representative in terms of the number of species of agaricoid fungi were coniferous phytocenoses, mainly pine forests, in particular blueberry-mossy pine forest.The conducted ecological and trophic analysis revealed that the largest number of macromycete species belong to mycorrhiza-formers (35.19 %), the main part enters into the symbiosis with the roots of Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur. ","PeriodicalId":20656,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82416151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}