Species diversity and ecological and trophic structure of agaricoid mushrooms growing under the conditions of the reserved regime (Nikorsky forestry, Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park).

Abstract

The Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park is a unique natural monument that is the only relic flat forest in Europe. This is one of the oldest protected areas, in most of which old coniferous-broad-leaved forests are growing. They are of particular value for study and conservation of biological diversity.The article presents the study results of the species diversity of fungi based on herbarium specimens stored in the MSK-F herbarium and the materials of our own collections in different-type phytocenoses on the territory of the Nikorsky forestry. Species identification of agaricoid basidiomycetes was carried out by standard mycological methods. As a result, 145 species were identified, including 8 varieties and 2 forms of basidial macromycetes. Of these, 34 species, including 2 varieties of agaricoid fungi, are rare for the mycobiota of the National Park, and 13 are very rare and are represented by single finds. The taxonomic analysis of the herbarium material and the published data showed that the dominant genera in terms of a number of species in the mycobiota of agaricoid basidiomycetes were represented by the genera Cortinarius (17 species), Lactarius (12 species), Mycena (10 species), and Russula (8 species).The most representative in terms of the number of species of agaricoid fungi were coniferous phytocenoses, mainly pine forests, in particular blueberry-mossy pine forest.The conducted ecological and trophic analysis revealed that the largest number of macromycete species belong to mycorrhiza-formers (35.19 %), the main part enters into the symbiosis with the roots of Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur.