Polymer Testing最新文献

{"title":"Preparation and evaluation of crosslinked plastic scintillation microspheres (CPSm)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic scintillators in the form of microspheres (PSm) have emerged as a sustainable solution for the determination of alpha and beta radioactivity, reducing hazardous wastes and improved selectivity when combined with selective extractants (PSresin). To overcome challenges like solubility in organic solvents, researchers have developed crosslinked scintillating microspheres (CPSm) using divinylbenzene (DVB) as a crosslinking agent. This study focuses on optimizing CPSm synthesis and assessing their morphological characteristics, resistance and scintillation capabilities. The findings indicate that increasing the DVB proportion in the monomeric mixture leads to a reduction in microsphere size while maintaining high detection efficiency. CPSm demonstrate enhanced resilience to temperature and organic solvents compared to PSm. Despite some solute extraction by specific solvents, CPSm maintain their essential properties. In summary, CPSm provide similar scintillation performance to linear polystyrene PSm while offering increased durability, broadening their applicability and facilitating further advancements in plastic scintillator technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001910/pdfft?md5=10d7492054885b5760c33632fc31df37&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001910-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method for determining the pressure dependent characteristics of polymer melt during micro injection molding","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Micro injection molding is used to manufacture thin-walled parts with micron-scale structures. wherein high shear rate and high injection pressure process conditions appear. Consequently, the pressure dependence of polymer melt viscosity at the microscale cannot be ignored. However, in the simulation analysis of the microinjection molding process, almost all the Cross-WLF models of polymeric materials are omitting the pressure dependence parameter <em>D</em>_<em>3</em>. This has a huge impact on the accuracy of the simulation results. Herein, a method that combines experimental characterization and filling simulation is proposed for the determination of the pressure dependence of polymer melts during micro injection molding. <em>D</em>_<em>3</em> in the Cross-WLF model of Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and Cycloolefin copolymer (COC) is characterized by capillary rheometer and counter pressure chamber. The developed viscosity model including <em>D</em>_<em>3</em> is used for a filling simulation and is compared with the experimental results. The model flow simulation results showcases that the prediction accuracy of the viscosity model is significantly improved after considering <em>D</em>_<em>3</em>. These results are of great significance, as they can be used to reduce the development cost and to improve the simulation accuracy of the micro injection molding filling process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001971/pdfft?md5=62fd89ad6b26fc72f80e01cc36df7d13&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001971-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and residual stress analysis of constrained and free uniaxially oriented polypropylene films","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herein, we study comparatively the crystal structure, orientation, and residual stress of polypropylene (PP) films processed by uniaxial constant width (UCW) and uniaxial free width (UFW) stretching modes, respectively. Compared with UFW PP film, UCW PP film exhibits broad lamellar thickness distribution with thinner average lamellar thickness, and accordingly lower melting temperature region. UCW PP film also has larger lateral lamellar size with high orientation along stretching direction. In addition, a preferential orientation of <em>b</em>-axis perpendicular to the surface exists in the UCW PP film, while a cylindrical symmetry around the stretching direction is in UFW PP film. A new single tilt X-ray diffraction method is utilized to measure the residual stress of PP films. The direction of maximum principal tensile residual stress is approximately along stretching direction for both films, while tensile residual stress occurs in UCW PP film and compressive residual stress in UFW PP film in transverse direction. Good correlation of the direction of maximum residual stress with crystal orientation is found in both PP films.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001958/pdfft?md5=6fc971801010069c4f8541ddd4b7c6ac&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001958-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compressive behavior of thermoplastic polyurethane with an active agent foaming for 3D-printed customized comfort insoles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary objective of this study was to investigate the compressive behavior of 3D-printed specimens made of a thermoplastic polyurethane filament, specifically colorFabb varioShore TPU, which incorporates a foaming agent. The foaming technology makes it possible to manipulate 3D prints' properties by adjusting process parameters that affect the level of expansion, such as printing temperature, printing speed or flow ratio. This capability opens new possibilities for 3D-printed personalized foot orthotics or for static comfort-oriented applications by tailoring the stiffness of the print based on the application requirements. Since infill density and infill pattern also affect the compressive characteristics of 3D prints, this research took these two parameters into account as independent variables, alongside the printing temperature. Thus, the specimens with printing temperatures set at 190 °C, 220 °C, and 240 °C, gyroid and honeycomb patterns, and infill variations from 10 % to 35 % in 5 % increments were experimentally investigated in compression testing. The evaluation was conducted to determine the influence of these factors on the stiffness of prints at 10 % and 20 % strains, in accordance with established standard. The findings had an important practical value as they provide data for adjusting the variable stiffness based on peak plantar pressure measurement data when developing tailored foot orthoses (insoles), which was the second objective of the research. The most influential factor affecting the compressive strength was the printing temperature, followed by infill density and pattern type. The difference in compression modulus between 10 % and 20 % strains did not exhibit statistical significance. Moreover, the main effects plots indicated minimal variations in compression modulus effects at 220 °C and 240 °C, whereas an important difference was observed at 190 °C printing temperature, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy investigations showing foamed layers at 220 °C and unfoamed layers at 190 °C. Furthermore, interaction plots revealed no significant interaction effect among the studied variables. Additionally, a comparison of samples’ sizes and densities before and two months after testing indicated no observable modifications When applied to custom orthotics (five pairs of insoles were customized and tested), the experimental findings documented variations in the reduction and distribution of peak plantar pressure based on the infill variability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001946/pdfft?md5=beb592a65e3ed97804fc8a60a471a40b&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001946-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitation of polystyrene by pyrolysis-GC-MS: The impact of polymer standards on micro and nanoplastic analysis","authors":"M. Brits ,&nbsp;B. van Poelgeest ,&nbsp;W. Nijenhuis ,&nbsp;M.J.M. van Velzen ,&nbsp;F.M. Béen ,&nbsp;G.J.M. Gruter ,&nbsp;S.H. Brandsma ,&nbsp;M.H. Lamoree","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The analytical method for detecting and quantifying micro and nanoplastics (MNPs) using Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) is evolving and continuously refined. The requirement for accurate analytical methods faces challenges during method validation due to the scarcity of relevant reference materials. Additionally, the wide array of polymer types and their diverse characteristics further complicate this validation process. This study evaluated the impact of using diverse polystyrene (PS) standards with different molecular weights, polydispersity indexes, tacticity, endcapping, and chain branching, on quantifying the mass concentration of PS in various products. The results for the PS-based products showed inconsistencies across different standards, indicating that the measurements for a single product varied substantially when different polystyrene (PS) standards were applied. The influence of sample quantity on pyrolysis revealed differences in the ratios of pyrolysis products among various PS standards and different sample amounts. This research emphasizes the complexities involved in the precise quantification of polymers using Py-GC-MS. It provides valuable insights crucial for quantitative MNP analysis, highlighting the need for refined calibration strategies and standardised reference materials to improve the reliability of the MNP analysis method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001880/pdfft?md5=2f298d01ee09835327c3e34648a97848&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001880-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact properties of an end of life tires’ rubber. Numerical validation considering large strain and strain rate conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of the authors is to demonstrate that the inclusion of renewed rubber from recycled end of life tires (ELT) can improve the performance of any structural system designed to dissipate impact energy. An interesting application would be its use in road safety barriers. This research starts with the rigorous characterization of the recycled material in order to include it in a viable numerical model. The authors presented, in a previous work (*), the experimental viscoelastic properties of recycled rubber, obtained under impact conditions. Bergström–Boyce (BB) nonlinear viscoelastic model was selected as the most suitable to fit the material behavior. This model is defined by nine material constants that are impossible to obtain, uniquely and directly, considering that only compression test results are available as input data. To overcome this challenge, optimization methods were applied resulting in as many sets of parameters as used optimization methods were considered and, moreover, remarkable differences between constants were observed. Solving this problem is the motivation of the present research: the validation of the optimization method by mean of the numerical evaluation of the obtained sets. The software considered for the numerical evaluation of impact tests (LS-DYNA®) had two slightly different implementations for the BB model: the original, based on the work published in 2009 by Dal &amp; Kaliske and a more recent one implemented by Bergström, based on his works published in 1998 and 2000. This leads to a new question: which is the most appropriate implementation-optimization method for calibrating this material? This paper provides the answer to this question carrying out a complete comparative numerical analysis of all sets by means of explicit dynamics simulations. All calibrations, using the original LS-DYNA® implementation, were in perfect agreement with the experimental results. However, only one optimization method produced acceptable results for the most recent approach. A robust method to characterize recycled rubber from recycled tires using the Bergström–Boyce nonlinear viscoelastic model is presented, despite the experimental limitations (González-Vega et al. 2022).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001867/pdfft?md5=86a2d3de7704cdaf581614bee2f71d92&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001867-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradable cellulose acetate-based waterborne polyurethane sand-fixing agents for sand control in desert regions","authors":"Wanjia Yang ,&nbsp;Benli Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In hot and arid desert regions, degradable chemical sand-fixing agents are efficient in dealing with problems caused by wind-blown sand movement without damaging the environment. This study aimed to develop a set of biodegradable sand-stabilizing substances, cellulose acetate (CA)-based waterborne polyurethane (WPU), utilizing CA as a partial hydroxyl provision through an acetone-based technique. The findings demonstrate that all the CA/WPU sand-fixing agents had unique, evenly spherical particles and were fully capable of degradation. The CA/WPU-2 sand-fixing agent contained 20 % polypropylene glycol (PPG) of CA. It showed strong viscosity, thermal stability, and water resistance. Furthermore, seed germination will be hindered by the CA/WPU-2 sand-fixing agent due to its superior sand-fixing capability compared to pure WPU. Consequently, it is suitable for application in arid regions where plant survival is difficult. CA/WPU-6 contained 120%PPG of CA. it showed outstanding O₂ permeability and hydrophilicity due to its significant use of cellulose acetate. In addition, it demonstrated higher wind-blown sand resistance compared to popular commercial sand-fixation production. Furthermore, it sustained a consolidation strength lower than the highest penetration capability for herbaceous plant seeds. Therefore, CA/WPU-6 is a suitable option for establishing vegetation in dry situations. The results of this study address the demand for sustainable production and cost reduction, offering significant potential for industrial applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001892/pdfft?md5=bda4e1c1881097c76bcb58ce2fc027cd&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001892-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141605350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and viscoelastic properties of novel resin-infused thermoplastic tri-block copolymer 3D glass fabric composites","authors":"F.H.A. Rahim ,&nbsp;S.Z.H. Shah ,&nbsp;P.S.M. Megat-Yusoff ,&nbsp;S.M. Hussnain ,&nbsp;R.S. Choudhry ,&nbsp;M.Z. Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study investigates the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of a novel acrylic resin-infused thermoplastic (Elium®) tri-block copolymer (Nanostrength®) 3D fibre-reinforced composites (FRCs). The toughened thermoplastic resins with three different concentrations of tri-block copolymer, i.e., 10 wt%, 15 wt%, and 20 wt%, were prepared and used to fabricate thermoplastic 3D-FRCs using a vacuum-assisted resin-infusion process at room temperature. The flexural, interlaminar, and viscoelastic properties and failure modes were evaluated and compared with those of pristine thermoplastic 3D-FRCs. The addition of tri-block copolymer significantly improves the flexural strength of 3D-FRC (up to 75 % and 34 % along the warp and fill directions, respectively, at 15 wt% of tri-block copolymer) and interlaminar shear strength (up to 80 % and 111 % along the warp and fill directions, respectively, at 20 wt% of tri-block copolymer). Additionally, the residual flexure and interlaminar shear strength improved up to 35 % and 109 % at 15 wt% of tri-block copolymer. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated that the glass transition temperature and storage modulus of thermoplastic 3D-FRCs were increased up to 11 °C and 24 %, respectively at 20 wt% of tri-block copolymer, which may be due to increased physical crosslinking and the agglomeration of tri-block copolymer particles. The improved mechanical and viscoelastic properties of resin-infused thermoplastic tri-block copolymer 3D-FRCs are attributed to better interface adhesion, improved matrix toughness, and crack-bridging mechanisms induced by the tri-block copolymer. The toughened thermoplastic 3D-FRCs can be utilized in the design and development of composite structures for improved damage tolerance applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001879/pdfft?md5=21600a1bb02c949e7aadf556b91fb3f6&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001879-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved rapid gas decompression of novel NBR-CTS polymer blends","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrile rubber (NBR) and polysulfides are two classes of polymers known for their resistance against swelling when in direct contact with hydrocarbon-based oils and non-polar solvents. In this study nitrile rubber (NBR) and a cyclic tetrasulfide (CTS) are combined with a goal of achieving a rubber blend that has superior properties than of each component. The role of CTS in the blend is discussed, as it presents several functions. This study represents a fundamental analysis of NBR-CTS blends, starting with polymeric phase analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Thermodynamic compatibility studies are deployed in this study to illustrate the materials’ compatibility. Mechanical properties with an emphasis on Payne effect were also studied for blends of NBR-CTS. The synergistic effect found between NBR and CTS can be further expanded in a practical application of rapid gas decompression test as a side-by-side comparison for NBR and NBR-CTS blend compounds. This type of polymer blend represents a potential replacement of fluoroelastomers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014294182400179X/pdfft?md5=5c94f8815b1b15b411c04640ac933817&pid=1-s2.0-S014294182400179X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of chain microstructure on mechanical properties of metallocene LLDPE resins by using TREF×HT-GPC and TREF×SSA methods","authors":"Xuantian Long ,&nbsp;Xiaodie Jiang ,&nbsp;Yichen Zhang ,&nbsp;Linqian Zhong ,&nbsp;Yulong Jin ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiong Xie ,&nbsp;Bo Wu ,&nbsp;Boping Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Analyzing commodity metallocene linear low-density polyethylene (mLLDPE) for its chain structure and mechanical performance is crucial for developing high-value polyethylene products. This paper concentrates on the cross-fractionation analysis of two mLLDPE samples (A and B) with similar comonomer incorporation, density, melting index, and molecular weight but different mechanical properties. The mLLDPE products were fractionated by preparative temperature rising elution fractionation (P-TREF), and the P-TREF fractions were further analyzed by successive self-nucleation and annealing (SSA) as well as the high temperature gel permeation chromatography (HT-GPC). The TREF × SSA and TREF × HT-GPC cross-fractionation techniques provided detailed information on molecular structure, especially the methylene sequence distribution and short-chain branch distribution. This elucidated the impact of internal chain structures on their mechanical properties. After TREF classification, sample B exhibited a much broader quality distribution than that of sample A. The TREF × HT-GPC results showed that the preference of the 1-hexene comonomer incorporation into long chains causes more entanglements in the inter-lamellar region and thus benefits sample B's elasticity and toughness. The TREF × SSA test revealed that the presence of more thick lamellae in sample A explained the larger bending modulus and higher stiffness. Three-dimensional maps of molecular weight, elution temperature, and relative concentration of all fractions were established using TREF data together with HT-GPC and SSA data, which directly visualized the subtle differences in the molecular microstructure between the two samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20628,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941824001855/pdfft?md5=55dbbf3e2357e711cdfb1d72d971050b&pid=1-s2.0-S0142941824001855-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}