Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America最新文献_第8页

Listen for a change? A longitudinal field experiment on listening’s potential to enhance persuasion

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2421982122

Erik Santoro, David E. Broockman, Joshua L. Kalla, Roni Porat

{"title":"Listen for a change? A longitudinal field experiment on listening’s potential to enhance persuasion","authors":"Erik Santoro, David E. Broockman, Joshua L. Kalla, Roni Porat","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2421982122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2421982122","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars and practitioners widely posit that listening to other people enhances efforts to persuade them. Listening may enhance persuasion by promoting cognitive processing, reducing defensiveness, and improving perceptions of the persuader. However, empirical tests of this widely theorized hypothesis are surprisingly scarce. We review the case for and against this hypothesis, arguing previous research has not sufficiently attended to reasons why listening may not enhance persuasion. We test this hypothesis using a preregistered, well-powered field experiment in which trained professional canvassers, acting as confederates, had ∼10 min video conversations with U.S. participants ( N = 1,485) about unauthorized immigration, a salient topic of disagreement. We independently randomized whether confederates shared a persuasive narrative about an undocumented immigrant and whether they practiced high-quality nonjudgmental listening to participants’ opinions. We measured outcomes immediately after the conversation and again five weeks later. Sharing a persuasive narrative meaningfully and durably reduced prejudice and changed policy attitudes. The listening manipulation also successfully improved perceptions of the persuader and increased processing. Surprisingly, however, the listening manipulation did not enhance persuasion: Sharing a persuasive narrative was just as effective in the absence of high-quality listening. We discuss theoretical and practical implications.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Poly(ADP-ribose) binding sites on collagen I fibrils for nucleating intrafibrillar bone mineral

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2414849122

Marco A. Zecca, Heather F. Greer, Karin H. Müller, Melinda J. Duer

引用次数: 0

Urban groundwater supplies facing dual pressures of depletion and contamination in China

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2412338122

Siao Sun, Hui Liu, Megan Konar, Guangtao Fu, Chuanglin Fang, Zhongwei Huang, Guagndong Li, Wei Qi, Qiuhong Tang

{"title":"Urban groundwater supplies facing dual pressures of depletion and contamination in China","authors":"Siao Sun, Hui Liu, Megan Konar, Guangtao Fu, Chuanglin Fang, Zhongwei Huang, Guagndong Li, Wei Qi, Qiuhong Tang","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2412338122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2412338122","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is essential to urban water supplies throughout the world, but we do not understand how quantity and quality issues may jeopardize the ability of cities to meet their water needs. Here, we present a national analysis of both quantity and quality challenges facing China’s urban groundwater supply security, using high-resolution groundwater depletion modeling and a recently compiled dataset detailing quality violations in drinking groundwater sources. We estimate that 180 cities (about half of the prefecture-level-and-above cities), accounting for 311 million urban residents, face at least one groundwater pressure between 2016 and 2021. Cities that face dual quantity and quality pressures pinpoints hotspots of intense groundwater threats— Specifically, 40 cities, mainly situated in Northeast China and the middle to lower reaches of the Yellow River, are exposed to dual groundwater pressures. The results highlight the interconnected and possibly mutually reinforcing nature of groundwater depletion and quality issues. The logistic regression models indicate that groundwater depletion and quality violations are associated with natural water endowment and anthropogenic factors. Particularly, drinking groundwater quality issues are clustered in relation to socioeconomic gaps, with larger, wealthier cities being less prone to such problems. We argue that securing drinking water sources in small and poor cities through integrated groundwater management and economic assistance should be an important national priority for achieving groundwater supply sustainability.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol is released and transported on demand via extracellular microvesicles

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2421717122

Verena M. Straub, Benjamin Barti, Sebastian T. Tandar, A. Floor Stevens, Noëlle van Egmond, Tom van der Wel, Na Zhu, Joel Rüegger, Cas van der Horst, Laura H. Heitman, Yulong Li, Nephi Stella, J. G. Coen van Hasselt, István Katona, Mario van der Stelt

{"title":"The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol is released and transported on demand via extracellular microvesicles","authors":"Verena M. Straub, Benjamin Barti, Sebastian T. Tandar, A. Floor Stevens, Noëlle van Egmond, Tom van der Wel, Na Zhu, Joel Rüegger, Cas van der Horst, Laura H. Heitman, Yulong Li, Nephi Stella, J. G. Coen van Hasselt, István Katona, Mario van der Stelt","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2421717122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2421717122","url":null,"abstract":"While it is known that endocannabinoids (eCB) modulate multiple neuronal functions, the molecular mechanism governing their release and transport remains elusive. Here, we propose an “ on-demand release ” model, wherein the formation of microvesicles, a specific group of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing the eCB, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), is an important step. A coculture model system that combines a reporter cell line expressing the fluorescent eCB sensor, G protein-coupled receptor-based (GRAB) eCB2.0 , and neuronal cells revealed that neurons release EVs containing 2-AG, but not anandamide, in a stimulus-dependent process regulated by protein kinase C, Diacylglycerol lipase, Adenosinediphosphate (ADP) ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6), and which was sensitive to inhibitors of eCB facilitated diffusion. A vesicle contained approximately 2,000 2-AG molecules. Accordingly, hippocampal eCB-mediated synaptic plasticity was modulated by Arf6 and transport inhibitors. The “ on-demand release ” model, supported by mathematical analysis, offers a cohesive framework for understanding eCB trafficking at the molecular level and suggests that microvesicles carrying signaling lipids in their membrane regulate neuronal functions in parallel to canonical synaptic vesicles.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resilience of the electric grid through trustable IoT-coordinated assets

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2413967121

Vineet J. Nair, Priyank Srivastava, Venkatesh Venkataramanan, Partha S. Sarker, Anurag Srivastava, Laurentiu D. Marinovici, Jun Zha, Christopher Irwin, Prateek Mittal, John Williams, Jayant Kumar, H. Vincent Poor, Anuradha M. Annaswamy

{"title":"Resilience of the electric grid through trustable IoT-coordinated assets","authors":"Vineet J. Nair, Priyank Srivastava, Venkatesh Venkataramanan, Partha S. Sarker, Anurag Srivastava, Laurentiu D. Marinovici, Jun Zha, Christopher Irwin, Prateek Mittal, John Williams, Jayant Kumar, H. Vincent Poor, Anuradha M. Annaswamy","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2413967121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2413967121","url":null,"abstract":"The electricity grid has evolved from a physical system to a cyberphysical system with digital devices that perform measurement, control, communication, computation, and actuation. The increased penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) including renewable generation, flexible loads, and storage provides extraordinary opportunities for improvements in efficiency and sustainability. However, they can introduce new vulnerabilities in the form of cyberattacks, which can cause significant challenges in ensuring grid resilience. We propose a framework in this paper for achieving grid resilience through suitably coordinated assets including a network of Internet of Things devices. A local electricity market is proposed to identify trustable assets and carry out this coordination. Situational Awareness (SA) of locally available DERs with the ability to inject power or reduce consumption is enabled by the market, together with a monitoring procedure for their trustability and commitment. With this SA, we show that a variety of cyberattacks can be mitigated using local trustable resources without stressing the bulk grid. Multiple demonstrations are carried out using a high-fidelity cosimulation platform, real-time hardware-in-the-loop validation, and a utility-friendly simulator.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal autocorrelation is predictive of age—An extensive MEG time-series analysis

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2411098122

Christina Stier, Elio Balestrieri, Jana Fehring, Niels K. Focke, Andreas Wollbrink, Udo Dannlowski, Joachim Gross

引用次数: 0

Druggable genome screens identify SPP as an antiviral host target for multiple flaviviruses

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2421573122

Wenjie Qiao, Xuping Xie, Pei-Yong Shi, Yaw Shin Ooi, Jan E. Carette

{"title":"Druggable genome screens identify SPP as an antiviral host target for multiple flaviviruses","authors":"Wenjie Qiao, Xuping Xie, Pei-Yong Shi, Yaw Shin Ooi, Jan E. Carette","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2421573122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2421573122","url":null,"abstract":"Mosquito-borne flaviviruses, such as dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), West Nile virus, and yellow fever virus, pose significant public health threats globally. Extensive efforts have led to the development of promising highly active compounds against DENV targeting viral non-structural protein 4B (NS4B) protein. However, due to the cocirculation of flaviviruses and to prepare for emerging flaviviruses, there is a need for more broadly acting antivirals. Host-directed therapy where one targets a host factor required for viral replication may be active against multiple viruses that use similar replication strategies. Here, we used a CRISPR-Cas9 library that we designed to target the druggable genome and identified signal peptide peptidase (SPP, encoded by Histocompatibility Minor 13, HM13), as a critical host factor in DENV infection. Genetic knockout or introducing mutations that disrupt the proteolytic activity of SPP markedly reduced the replication of multiple flaviviruses. Although their substrates differ, SPP has structural homology with γ-secretase, which has been pursued as a pharmacological target for Alzheimer’s disease. Notably, SPP-targeting compounds exhibited potent anti-DENV activity at low nanomolar concentrations across multiple primary and disease-relevant cell types, acting specifically through SPP inhibition rather than γ-secretase inhibition. Importantly, SPP inhibitors were active at low nanomolar concentrations against flaviviruses other than DENV including ZIKV while DENV NS4B inhibitors lost activity. This study emphasizes the strong potential of SPP as a pan-flaviviral target and provides a framework for identifying host druggable targets to screen for broad-spectrum antivirals.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrative analysis of KCNQ1 variants reveals molecular mechanisms of type 1 long QT syndrome pathogenesis

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2412971122

Kathryn R. Brewer, Carlos G. Vanoye, Hui Huang, Katherine R. Clowes Moster, Reshma R. Desai, James B. Hayes, Dylan T. Burnette, Alfred L. George, Charles R. Sanders

{"title":"Integrative analysis of KCNQ1 variants reveals molecular mechanisms of type 1 long QT syndrome pathogenesis","authors":"Kathryn R. Brewer, Carlos G. Vanoye, Hui Huang, Katherine R. Clowes Moster, Reshma R. Desai, James B. Hayes, Dylan T. Burnette, Alfred L. George, Charles R. Sanders","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2412971122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2412971122","url":null,"abstract":"Loss-of-function (LOF) pathogenic variants in KCNQ1 encoding a cardiac potassium channel predispose to sudden cardiac death in type 1 congenital long QT syndrome (LQT1). To determine the spectrum of molecular mechanisms responsible for this life-threatening condition, we used an integrative approach to determine the biophysical, functional, and trafficking properties of 61 KCNQ1 variants distributed throughout all domains of the channel. Impaired trafficking to the plasma membrane was the most common cause of LOF across all channel domains, often but not always coinciding with protein instability. However, many LOF variants, particularly in transmembrane domains, trafficked normally, but when coexpressed with KCNE1 exhibited impaired conductance, altered voltage dependence, or abnormal gating kinetics, highlighting diverse pathogenic mechanisms. This indicates a need for personalized treatment approaches for LQT1. Use of our data to benchmark variant pathogenicity prediction methods demonstrated that prediction accuracy depends on the exact mechanism of pathogenicity associated with a given variant.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryo-EM of native membranes reveals an intimate connection between the Krebs cycle and aerobic respiration in mycobacteria

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2423761122

Justin M. Di Trani, Jiacheng Yu, Gautier M. Courbon, Ana Paula Lobez Rodriguez, Chen-Yi Cheung, Yingke Liang, Claire E. Coupland, Stephanie A. Bueler, Gregory M. Cook, Peter Brzezinski, John L. Rubinstein

{"title":"Cryo-EM of native membranes reveals an intimate connection between the Krebs cycle and aerobic respiration in mycobacteria","authors":"Justin M. Di Trani, Jiacheng Yu, Gautier M. Courbon, Ana Paula Lobez Rodriguez, Chen-Yi Cheung, Yingke Liang, Claire E. Coupland, Stephanie A. Bueler, Gregory M. Cook, Peter Brzezinski, John L. Rubinstein","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2423761122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2423761122","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the structure of the mycobacterial oxidative phosphorylation machinery, we prepared inverted membrane vesicles from Mycobacterium smegmatis , enriched for vesicles containing complexes of interest, and imaged the vesicles with electron cryomicroscopy. We show that this analysis allows determination of the structure of both mycobacterial ATP synthase and the supercomplex of respiratory complexes III and IV in their native membrane. The latter structure reveals that the enzyme malate:quinone oxidoreductase (Mqo) physically associates with the respiratory supercomplex, an interaction that is lost on extraction of the proteins from the lipid bilayer. Mqo catalyzes an essential reaction in the Krebs cycle, and in vivo survival of mycobacterial pathogens is compromised when its activity is absent. We show with high-speed spectroscopy that the Mqo:supercomplex interaction enables rapid electron transfer from malate to the supercomplex. Further, the respiratory supercomplex is necessary for malate-driven, but not NADH-driven, electron transport chain activity and oxygen consumption. Together, these findings indicate a connection between the Krebs cycle and aerobic respiration that directs electrons along a single branch of the mycobacterial electron transport chain.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cell-based glycoengineering for production of homogeneous and specific glycoform-enriched antibodies with improved effector functions

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2423853122

Han-Wen Huang, Yi-Fang Zeng, Vidya S. Shivatare, Tzu-Hao Tseng, Chi-Huey Wong

{"title":"Cell-based glycoengineering for production of homogeneous and specific glycoform-enriched antibodies with improved effector functions","authors":"Han-Wen Huang, Yi-Fang Zeng, Vidya S. Shivatare, Tzu-Hao Tseng, Chi-Huey Wong","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2423853122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2423853122","url":null,"abstract":"Glycosylation of humanized antibody at Fc-Asn297 significantly affects the Fc-mediated killing of target cells through effector functions, especially antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP), and antibody-dependent vaccinal effect (ADVE). Previous studies showed that therapeutic immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies with α2,6-sialyl complex type (SCT) glycan attached to Fc-Asn297 exhibited optimal binding to the Fc receptors on effector cells associated with ADCC, ADCP, and ADVE. However, the production of antibodies with homogeneous Fc-SCT glycan requires multiple in vitro enzymatic and purification steps. In this study, we report two cell-based methods to produce Fc-GlcNAc antibody and Fc-SCT-enriched antibodies with improved effector functions. First, we expressed endoglycosidase S2 in Expi293F GnT1- cells to trim all N-glycans to Fc-GlcNAc antibody for in vitro transglycosylation to generate homogeneous antibodies with well-defined Fc glycan. Second, we engineered the glycosylation pathway of HEK293T cells through knock-out of undesired glycosyltransferases and knock-in of desired glycosyltransferases to produce Fc-SCT-enriched antibodies and evaluated their binding to Fc receptors, and we found that the Fc-SCT-enriched antibody is like or better than the homogeneous Fc-SCT antibody in binding to the Fc receptors associated with ADCC, ADCP, and ADVE.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0