Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America最新文献_第10页

Isolated steady solutions of the 3D Euler equations 三维欧拉方程的孤立稳定解

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2414730122

Alberto Enciso, Willi Kepplinger, Daniel Peralta-Salas

{"title":"Isolated steady solutions of the 3D Euler equations","authors":"Alberto Enciso, Willi Kepplinger, Daniel Peralta-Salas","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2414730122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2414730122","url":null,"abstract":"We show that there exist closed three-dimensional Riemannian manifolds where the incompressible Euler equations exhibit smooth steady solutions that are isolated in the C 1 -topology. The proof of this fact combines ideas from dynamical systems, which appear naturally because these isolated states have strongly chaotic dynamics, with techniques from spectral geometry and contact topology, which can be effectively used to analyze the steady Euler equations on carefully chosen Riemannian manifolds. Interestingly, much of this strategy carries over to the Euler equations in Euclidean space, leading to the weaker result that there exist analytic steady solutions on <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">T</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> such that the only analytic steady Euler flows in a C 1 -neighborhood must belong to a certain linear space of dimension six. For comparison, note that in any C k -neighborhood of a shear flow, there are infinitely many linearly independent analytic shears.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accelerated peptide bond formation at air–water interfaces 空气-水界面上肽键的加速形成

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2501323122

Deming Xia, Fanqi Zeng, Wanting Chen, Hui Zhao, Hong-bin Xie, Jingwen Chen, Joseph S. Francisco

{"title":"Accelerated peptide bond formation at air–water interfaces","authors":"Deming Xia, Fanqi Zeng, Wanting Chen, Hui Zhao, Hong-bin Xie, Jingwen Chen, Joseph S. Francisco","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2501323122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2501323122","url":null,"abstract":"Peptides and proteins, essential components of living organisms, are composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. However, the mechanism of peptide bond formation during the prebiotic era remains unclear. In this study, advanced Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) simulations were used to investigate the mechanisms and kinetics of peptide bond formation at air–water interfaces using diglycine, the simplest dipeptide, as a model molecule. The results show that peptide bonds can be rapidly formed via a unique isomerization-then-OH − -elimination pathway. In this mechanism, the diglycine initially isomerizes into its acidic form at the air–water interface, followed by a reaction that releases an OH − anion rather than the previously hypothesized H 2 O. The free-energy barriers for the interfacial pathway with the assistance of an interfacial electric field are much lower than those in the gas phase by >25 kcal/mol. Further calculations suggest that this mechanism can be extended to the formation of some larger peptides, such as tetraglycine. This pathway offers insights into the origin of life and could inform the development of methods for peptide synthesis.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global phase diagram of D-wave superconductivity in the square-lattice t-J model

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2420963122

Feng Chen, F. D. M. Haldane, D. N. Sheng

{"title":"Global phase diagram of D-wave superconductivity in the square-lattice t-J model","authors":"Feng Chen, F. D. M. Haldane, D. N. Sheng","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2420963122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2420963122","url":null,"abstract":"The Hubbard and closely related t-J models are exciting platforms for unconventional superconductivity (SC). Through state-of-the-art density matrix renormalization group calculations using the grand canonical ensemble, we address open issues regarding the ground-state phase diagram of the extended t-J model on a square lattice in the parameter regime relevant to cuprate superconductors. On large 8-leg cylinders, we demonstrate that the pure t-J model with only nearest-neighbor hoppings and superexchange interactions, for a wide range of doping ( <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>δ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.1</mml:mn> <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">to</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ), hosts robust d-wave superconductivity possibly coexisting with weak unidirectional pair density wave. Furthermore, a small next nearest neighbor hopping <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> suppresses pair and charge density waves, resulting in a uniform d-wave SC phase in both electron- and hole-doped cuprate model systems. Our work validates the t-J model as a proper minimum model for the emergence of superconductivity in cuprate superconductors.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decoding in-cell respiratory enzyme dynamics by label-free in situ electrochemistry

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2418926122

Yoshihide Tokunou, Tomohiko Yamazaki, Takashi Fujikawa, Akihiro Okamoto

{"title":"Decoding in-cell respiratory enzyme dynamics by label-free in situ electrochemistry","authors":"Yoshihide Tokunou, Tomohiko Yamazaki, Takashi Fujikawa, Akihiro Okamoto","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2418926122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2418926122","url":null,"abstract":"Deciphering metabolic enzyme catalysis in living cells remains a formidable challenge due to the limitations of in vivo assays, which focus on enzymes isolated from respiration. This study introduces an innovative whole-cell electrochemical assay to reveal the Michaelis–Menten landscape of respiratory enzymes amid complex molecular interactions. We controlled the microbial current generation’s rate-limiting step, extracting in vivo kinetic parameters ( K m , K i , and k cat ) for the periplasmic nitrite (NrfA) and fumarate (FccA) reductases. Notably, while NrfA kinetics mirrored those of its purified form, FccA exhibited unique kinetic behavior. Further exploration using a mutant strain lacking CymA, a periplasmic hub protein, revealed its crucial role in modulating FccA’s kinetics, challenging the prevailing view that molecular crowding is the main cause of discrepancies between in vivo and in vitro enzyme kinetics. This platform offers a groundbreaking approach to studying cellular respiratory enzymatic kinetics, paving the way for future research in bioenergetics and medicine.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ETV5 reduces androgen receptor expression and induces neural stem–like properties during neuroendocrine prostate cancer development

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2420313122

Jongeun Lee, Jiho Park, Yunjung Hur, Dahun Um, Hyung-Seok Choi, Joonyoung Park, Yewon Kim, Jeon-Soo Lee, Kyuha Choi, Eunjeong Kim, Young Bin Park, Jae-Mun Choi, Tae-Kyung Kim, Yoontae Lee

{"title":"ETV5 reduces androgen receptor expression and induces neural stem–like properties during neuroendocrine prostate cancer development","authors":"Jongeun Lee, Jiho Park, Yunjung Hur, Dahun Um, Hyung-Seok Choi, Joonyoung Park, Yewon Kim, Jeon-Soo Lee, Kyuha Choi, Eunjeong Kim, Young Bin Park, Jae-Mun Choi, Tae-Kyung Kim, Yoontae Lee","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2420313122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2420313122","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), an aggressive subtype induced by hormone therapy, lacks effective treatments. This study explored the role of E26 transformation-specific variant 5 (ETV5) in NEPC development. Analysis of multiple prostate cancer datasets revealed that NEPC is characterized by significantly elevated ETV5 expression compared to other subtypes. ETV5 expression increased progressively under hormone therapy through epigenetic modifications. ETV5 induced neural stem–like features in prostate cancer cells and facilitated their differentiation into NEPC under hormone treatment conditions, both in vitro and in vivo. Our molecular mechanistic study identified PBX3 and TLL1 as target genes of ETV5 that contribute to ETV5 overexpression–induced castration resistance and stemness. Notably, obeticholic acid, identified as an ETV5 inhibitor in this study, exhibited promising efficacy in suppressing NEPC development. This study highlights ETV5 as a key transcription factor that facilitates NEPC development and underscores its potential as a therapeutic target for this aggressive cancer subtype.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pulsatile flow induces chromatin interaction with lamin-associated proteins to enrich H3K9 methylation in endothelial cells

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2424566122

Li-Jing Chen, Julie Yi-Shuan Li, Phu Nguyen, Gerard Norwich, Yingxiao Wang, Dayu Teng, Yan-Ting Shiu, John Y. J. Shyy, Shu Chien

{"title":"Pulsatile flow induces chromatin interaction with lamin-associated proteins to enrich H3K9 methylation in endothelial cells","authors":"Li-Jing Chen, Julie Yi-Shuan Li, Phu Nguyen, Gerard Norwich, Yingxiao Wang, Dayu Teng, Yan-Ting Shiu, John Y. J. Shyy, Shu Chien","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2424566122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2424566122","url":null,"abstract":"Endothelial cells (ECs) are constantly exposed to hemodynamic forces, which play a crucial role in regulating EC functions. Pulsatile laminar shear stress (PS), representing atheroprotective flow, maintains the anti-inflammation and homeostatic phenotype of ECs, but the comprehensive mechanism underlying the PS-repression of inflammatory genes remains to be determined. In this study, we investigated the role of chromatin organization in mediating the effects of PS on inflammatory gene expression in ECs. We demonstrated that PS induced the expression of histone methyltransferase SUV39H1 to promote heterochromatin formation via H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) enrichment, a hallmark gene repression mechanism. SUV39H1 interacts with lamin-associated proteins and facilitates the perinuclear localization of the H3K9me3-enrichment. Silencing the lamin-associated protein emerin (EMD) not only led to the reductions of cytoskeletal F-actin formation and perinuclear H3K9me3 enrichment; but also the impairment of PS-induced SUV39H1 expression, H3K9me3 enrichment at E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 loci to revert their PS-repressed expression. Hence, EMD acts as a hub to transmit mechanical cues from the cytoskeleton to the nucleus and recruits SUV39H1, which regulate nuclear organization, chromatin state, and gene expression. These results accentuate the critical role of nuclear architecture in mechanotransduction and EC responses to mechanical stimuli.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Mediator subunit OsMED23 associates with the histone demethylase OsJMJ703 and the transcription factor OsWOX3A to control grain size and yield in rice 介导亚基 OsMED23 与组蛋白去甲基化酶 OsJMJ703 和转录因子 OsWOX3A 共同控制水稻的粒度和产量

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2419464122

Luojiang Huang, Na Fang, Limin Zhang, Ran Xu, Baolan Zhang, Penggen Duan, Guansong Li, Yuehua Luo, Yunhai Li

{"title":"The Mediator subunit OsMED23 associates with the histone demethylase OsJMJ703 and the transcription factor OsWOX3A to control grain size and yield in rice","authors":"Luojiang Huang, Na Fang, Limin Zhang, Ran Xu, Baolan Zhang, Penggen Duan, Guansong Li, Yuehua Luo, Yunhai Li","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2419464122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2419464122","url":null,"abstract":"Seed size is one of the important yield traits, and size control is also a fundamental developmental question. The knowledge about the genetic and molecular mechanisms that govern seed size is crucial for improving crop yield. Here, we report that the Mediator subunit OsMED23 associates with the histone demethylase OsJMJ703 and the transcription factor OsWOX3A to control grain size and weight in rice. Loss of function of OsMED23 or OsJMJ703 causes narrow and light grains, while overexpression of OsMED23 or OsJMJ703 results in large and heavy grains. OsMED23 physically interacts with OsJMJ703 and the transcription factor OsWOX3A. OsMED23, OsJMJ703, and OsWOX3A associate with the common promoter regions of two key grain size genes GW2 and OsLAC and repress their transcription by influencing H3K4me3 levels. Field trials demonstrate that overexpression of OsMED23 or OsJMJ703 can significantly increase grain yield. Therefore, our findings identify a mechanism by which the transcriptional repressor complex OsJMJ703-OsMED23-OsWOX3A determines grain size and weight by regulating gene expression and influencing H3K4me3 levels in rice, suggesting that this pathway has a great potential for improving grain yield in key crops.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ternary surface complexation promotes simultaneous removal of arsenic and uranium by TiO 2

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2501354122

Leiming Lin, Zheng Li, Jun Ren, Ying Meng, Fubo Luan

{"title":"Ternary surface complexation promotes simultaneous removal of arsenic and uranium by TiO 2","authors":"Leiming Lin, Zheng Li, Jun Ren, Ying Meng, Fubo Luan","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2501354122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2501354122","url":null,"abstract":"The co-occurrence of arsenic and uranium in groundwater has been found in many countries, posing a significant challenge to human health. Here, we have demonstrated the efficient simultaneous removal of arsenic and uranyl-carbonate complexes from groundwater using {001}-TiO 2 . Surprisingly, the presence of U(VI) greatly enhanced the adsorption of As(V) on {001}-TiO 2 , while As(V) had a negligible impact on U(VI) adsorption. Through in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, we uncovered a mechanism involving the formation of a ternary surface complex [Ti–U(VI)–As(V)] on the surface of {001}-TiO 2 . This ternary surface complex formed through the substitution of CO 3 2- from uranyl coordination sites. Furthermore, the adsorbed As(V) and U(VI) can be easily recovered using a sodium hydroxide solution, and {001}-TiO 2 can be used repeatedly. Our findings offer a promising solution for the simultaneous removal of As(V) and U(VI) from groundwater and provide valuable insights into the mechanisms involved in their removal.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Realizing a topological diode effect on the surface of a topological Kondo insulator

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2417709122

Jiawen Zhang, Zhenqi Hua, Chengwei Wang, Michael Smidman, David Graf, Sean Thomas, Priscila F. S. Rosa, Steffen Wirth, Xi Dai, Peng Xiong, Huiqiu Yuan, Xiaoyu Wang, Lin Jiao

{"title":"Realizing a topological diode effect on the surface of a topological Kondo insulator","authors":"Jiawen Zhang, Zhenqi Hua, Chengwei Wang, Michael Smidman, David Graf, Sean Thomas, Priscila F. S. Rosa, Steffen Wirth, Xi Dai, Peng Xiong, Huiqiu Yuan, Xiaoyu Wang, Lin Jiao","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2417709122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2417709122","url":null,"abstract":"Introducing the concept of topology into material science has sparked a revolution from classic electronic and optoelectronic devices to topological quantum devices. The latter has potential for transferring energy and information with unprecedented efficiency. Here, we demonstrate a topological diode effect on the surface of a three-dimensional material, SmB <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mn>6</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> , a candidate topological Kondo insulator. The diode effect is evidenced by pronounced rectification and photogalvanic effects under electromagnetic modulation and radiation at radio frequency. Our experimental results and modeling suggest that these prominent effects are intimately tied to the spatially inhomogeneous formation of topological surface states (TSS) at the intermediate temperature. This work provides a manner of breaking the mirror symmetry (in addition to the inversion symmetry), resulting in the formation of <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant=\"italic\">pn</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> -junctions between puddles of metallic TSS. This effect paves the way for efficient current rectifiers or energy-harvesting devices working down to radio frequency range at low temperature, which could be extended to high temperatures using other topological insulators with large bulk gap.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Xylem embolism refilling revealed in stems of a weedy grass 杂草茎部木质部栓塞再充填的揭示

IF 11.1 1区综合性期刊

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2420618122

Jared J. Stewart, Brendan S. Allen, Stephanie K. Polutchko, Troy W. Ocheltree, Sean M. Gleason

{"title":"Xylem embolism refilling revealed in stems of a weedy grass","authors":"Jared J. Stewart, Brendan S. Allen, Stephanie K. Polutchko, Troy W. Ocheltree, Sean M. Gleason","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2420618122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2420618122","url":null,"abstract":"Plant hydraulic dysfunction by embolism formation can impair photosynthesis, growth, and reproduction and, in severe cases, lead to death. Embolism reversal, or “refilling,” is a hypothesized adaptive process in which xylem functionality is rapidly and sustainably restored. This study investigated xylem embolism refilling during recovery from severe drought stress using entirely noninvasive measurements of the same plants. These results were considered in relation to functional traits to address long-standing gaps in understanding the consequences of severe drought stress. Leaf and stem xylem embolism as well as transpiration, photosynthesis, and stem water potential were characterized nondestructively on intact barnyard grass plants during an acute drought event. Plants were rewatered and returned to growth conditions for 10 d, during which time recovery of stem xylem embolism and transpiration were monitored. Leaf xylem embolism and declines in leaf gas exchange occurred mostly between −1.0 MPa and −2.0 MPa, whereas stem xylem embolism occurred mostly between −3.0 MPa and −4.0 MPa. In all measured plants, which included embolism levels up to 88%, stem xylem embolism reversed completely within 24 h after rewatering, and this refilling supported recovery of transpiration and growth after plants were returned to growth conditions. This study provides direct evidence of complete and functional stem xylem refilling. These results present a clear need to elucidate underlying mechanisms and the adaptive significance of this phenomenon as well as its prevalence in nature.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0