Procedia Chemistry最新文献_第6页

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.10.057

Hugues Lambert , Benoit Claux , Clint Sharrad , Pavel Soucek , Rikard Malmbeck

引用次数: 3

Synthesis of Single-layer Graphene: A Review of Recent Development 单层石墨烯的合成研究进展

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROCHE.2016.03.135

H. C. Lee, Wei‐Wen Liu, S. Chai, A. Mohamed, C. Lai, C. Khe, C. Voon, U. Hashim, N. Hidayah

引用次数: 92

Effects of Additives in Ethylene Glycol-based Lubricant on Selective Material Removal in Slider Lapping Process 乙二醇基润滑剂中添加剂对滑块研磨过程中选择性材料去除的影响

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.089

P. Paranusorn , B.L. Fernandez , C. Supavasuthi , A. Somwangthanaroj

{"title":"Effects of Additives in Ethylene Glycol-based Lubricant on Selective Material Removal in Slider Lapping Process","authors":"P. Paranusorn , B.L. Fernandez , C. Supavasuthi , A. Somwangthanaroj","doi":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chemical mechanical nano grinding is a key technology in magnetic recording head manufacturing process. The magnetic recording head is an important component of hard disk drive which is used for reading and writing data in to the media. Thin film of metal alloys and metal oxides are fabricated on ceramic substrate called wafer to create the recording heads. In order to control surface properties of the recording head, the precise chemical mechanical nano grinding process is used. In this process the recording heads are treated to archive the designed surface properties by using lubricants to control the selectivity of material removal. This research studied the effect of additives in ethylene glycol based lubricant on the selectivity of material removal. Two additives were added in ethylene glycol to create the lubricant and their pHs were measured. The material removal rate can be predicted by measuring wettability of lubricant on surface of material. Nickel iron alloy (NiFe) was used to represent the surface material of magnetic shield of the recording head. The wettability of lubricants were measured on NiFe surface by contact angle measurement technique to show the selectivity on each NiFe. The results were compared with the atomic force micrograph of material after lapping process and show that the selective removal of material can be occurred by this method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20431,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Chemistry","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 166-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77041425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Kenaf Core Fiber Using H3PO4 Activation 红麻芯纤维H3PO4活化活性炭的合成与表征

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.053

M.S. Shamsuddin, N.R.N. Yusoff, M.A. Sulaiman

{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Kenaf Core Fiber Using H3PO4 Activation","authors":"M.S. Shamsuddin, N.R.N. Yusoff, M.A. Sulaiman","doi":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Kenaf core fiber (KF) which is an agricultural biomass was used to produce low-cost activated carbon using acidic chemical activating agent. The aim of this study is to find out the changes occuring in kenaf core fiber during activation with phosphoric acid (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>). The surface area of the formed phosphoric acid treated kenaf core fiber activated carbon (KFAC) was determined by physical adsorption of N<sub>2</sub> gas. Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area, and micropore volume values were 299.02 m<sup>2</sup>/g and 0.12 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscope analysis identified the present of carbonyls, alkenes and hydroxyls. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) image showed gradual formation of pores due to elimination of volatiles and contaminants. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the appearance of broad diffraction background revealed predominantly amorphous structure. The proximate and ultimate analysis showed high percentage of carbon and low percentage of ash which is an indication of a good material for production of porous carbon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20431,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Chemistry","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 558-565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82766205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 183

Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as a Pretreatment for Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) in Sugar Production 深共熔溶剂(DES)预处理油棕空果束(OPEFB)制糖工艺

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.023

Nur Atikah Md Nor, Wan Aida Wan Mustapha, Osman Hassan

{"title":"Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as a Pretreatment for Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) in Sugar Production","authors":"Nur Atikah Md Nor, Wan Aida Wan Mustapha, Osman Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) was pretreated using Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) at different parameters to enable a highest yield of sugar. DES is a combination of two or more cheap and safe components to form an eutectic mixture through hydrogen bond interaction, which has a melting point lower than that of each component. DES can be used to replace Ionic Liquids (ILs), which are more expensive and toxic. In this study, OPEFB was pretreated with DES mixture of choline chloride: urea in 1:2 molar ratio. The pretreatment was performed at temperature 110°C and 80°C for 4hours and 1 hour. Pretreatment A (110°C, 4hours), B (110°C, 1 hour), C (80°C, 4hours) and D (80°C, 1 hour). Enzymatic hydrolysis was done by using the combination of two enzymes, namely, Cellic Ctec2 and Cellic Htec2. Morphology surface of OPEFB is observed under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The treated fiber is tested for crystallinity using XRD and functional group analysis using FTIR, to check the effect of the pretreatment on the fiber and compared it with the untreated fiber. From XRD analysis, DES successfully gave an effect towards degree of crystallinity of cellulose. Pretreatment A and B successfully reduce the percentage of crystallinity while pretreatment C and D increased the percentage of crystallinity. From FTIR analysis, DES can expose the structure of cellulose even though the functional group of lignin and hemicellulose were still present. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis, DES-treated fiber successfully produced sugar but not significantly when compared with raw. Pretreatment A, B, C and D produced glucose at the amount of 60.47mg/ml, 66.33mg/ml, 61.96mg/ml and 59.12mg/ml respectively. However, pretreatment C gave the highest xylose (70.01mg/ml) production compared to other DES pretreatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20431,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Chemistry","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 147-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90253487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Welding Investigation and Prediction of Tensile Strength of 304 Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Joint by Response Surface Methodology 响应面法对304不锈钢焊接接头抗拉强度的研究与预测

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.096

Hussain Zuhailawati, Muhammad Afiq Jamaluddin, Anasyida Abu Seman, Suhaina Ismail

{"title":"Welding Investigation and Prediction of Tensile Strength of 304 Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Joint by Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Hussain Zuhailawati, Muhammad Afiq Jamaluddin, Anasyida Abu Seman, Suhaina Ismail","doi":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study deals with an investigation of welding behaviour of 304 stainless steel sheet metal in term of joint strength and microstructure. Composition analysis of the stainless steel plate and ER308 filler rod was performed using X-ray fluorescence and SEM-EDX. Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding was done on SS 304 2B plate with thick-ness of 1.2mm in Coraza Systems Malaysia Sdn. Bhd using a KADEYOU machine. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to develop mathematical relation-ships between the welding process parameters (i.e, welding current, filler size and flow rate of the shielding gas) and the output variable of the weld joint (ultimate tensile strength) to determine the welding input parameters that led to the desired weld quality. Comparison between measured and calculated results was in good agreement indicating that the developed models can predict the responses adequately within the limits of welding pa-rameters being used. High welding current (50A) cause microstructure become finer and increase in tensile strength while low current (30A) caused root of the metal plate not weld completely which weakened the joint (724.84MPa and 718.33MPa, correspond-ingly). The smallest filler (1.6mm) was good for tensile strength (745.96 MPA) com-pared to the largest filler (2.4mm and 720.90MPa strength) because high heat energy used to melt the large filler also overheated the metal base that cause crack formation. High flow rate (14 cfh) caused tensile strength to drop (738.49MPa) due to the turbu-lence in the molten metal compared to the lowest flow rate (10 cfh and tensile 756.75MPa strength).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20431,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Chemistry","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 217-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73829087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Flow-sheet Study of MA Recovery by Extraction Chromatography for SmART Cycle Project SmART循环项目中提取色谱法回收MA的工艺流程研究

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.10.015

Sou Watanabe, Kazunori Nomura, Shinichi Kitawaki, Atsuhiro Shibara, Hirohide Kofuji, Yuichi Sano, Masayuki Takeuchi

引用次数: 12

Shortening of Amino Acids from C-terminal of PZase as Basis of Pyrazinamide Resistance in P14 Isolate of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strain 结核分枝杆菌P14酶c端氨基酸缩短对吡嗪酰胺耐药的基础研究

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.015

Purkan , Redianti Galuh Novarizka , Rizka Aziz Ayuningsih , Presty Nurdiana , Wiwin Retnowati

{"title":"Shortening of Amino Acids from C-terminal of PZase as Basis of Pyrazinamide Resistance in P14 Isolate of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strain","authors":"Purkan , Redianti Galuh Novarizka , Rizka Aziz Ayuningsih , Presty Nurdiana , Wiwin Retnowati","doi":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pyrazinamide (PZA) is one of the mainstays WHO-recommended drugs for therapy of tuberculosis (TB). The emergence of PZA resistance in clinical isolates of <em>M. tuberculosis</em> is often associated with <em>pncA</em> gene mutations encoding PZase. A local clinical isolate of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> strain showed phenotipe resistant to PZA at concentration of 10μg/mL. The ORF of <em>pncA</em> gene of the isolate showed deletion of guanine base at position 81, then followed by shortening of 70 amino acids from C-terminal of PZAse which has 186 amino acid residues. The mutant of PZase took frame shift of amino acids after the residue at position 27. The <em>pncA</em> gene mutation at the level of genotype, that produced a physical-chemical alteration of the active site or the metal-binding site of PZase, in this case perturbing or lossing its activity was proposed as trigering the PZA resistance in P14 clinical isolate of <em>M. tuberculosis</em> strain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20431,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Chemistry","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 90-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74467359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of Mycobacterium leprae in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Sample by Fite-Faraco Staining and Polymerase Chain Reaction Fite-Faraco染色与聚合酶链反应检测福尔马林固定石蜡包埋样品中的麻风分枝杆菌

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2016.01.036

Willy Sandhika , Dinar Adriaty , Indropo Agusni

引用次数: 3

Alumina Foam (AF) Fabrication Optimization and SBF Immersion Studies for AF, Hydroxyapatite (HA) Coated AF (HACAF) and HA-bentonite Coated AF (HABCAF) Bone Tissue Scaffolds 氧化铝泡沫(AF)、羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层AF (HACAF)和HA-膨润土涂层AF (HABCAF)骨组织支架的制备优化和SBF浸泡研究

Procedia Chemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROCHE.2016.03.130

N. Shahabudin, Z. Ahmad, N. Abdullah

引用次数: 7