Preventive veterinary medicine最新文献

{"title":"Seroepidemiological study of Chlamydia abortus in domestic and wild ruminants in Spanish Mediterranean ecosystems","authors":"Débora Jiménez-Martín ,&nbsp;Ignacio García-Bocanegra ,&nbsp;Saúl Jiménez-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Javier Caballero-Gómez ,&nbsp;Sabrina Castro-Scholten ,&nbsp;Jorge Paniagua ,&nbsp;Paloma Prieto-Yerro ,&nbsp;David Cano-Terriza","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Chlamydia abortus</em> is a worldwide bacterium that can affect a wide range of mammal species, being considered an occupational zoonotic pathogen. In small domestic ruminants, <em>C. abortus</em> infection causes ovine enzootic abortion, a major cause of reproductive disorders. Different wild ruminant species have also been suggested as potential reservoirs of this bacterium. Nevertheless, data on the epidemiology of <em>C. abortus</em> in both domestic and wild ruminants in Spain, which hosts the largest population of small domestic ruminants in the European Union and a high density of wild ruminants, are still very limited. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the seroprevalence, spatial distribution, and risk factors associated with <em>C. abortus</em> exposure in small ruminant flocks and wild ruminant populations in southern Spain. Sera from 780 small ruminants (390 sheep and 390 goats) from 52 flocks, and 605 free-ranging wild ruminants (390 red deer (<em>Cervus elaphus</em>), 110 mouflon (<em>Ovis aries musimon</em>) and 105 Iberian ibex (<em>Capra pyrenaica</em>)) from 32 hunting estates were analysed using a commercial indirect ELISA. Anti-<em>C. abortus</em> antibodies were detected in 222 (28.5 %; CI_95 %: 25.4–31.7) of the 780 small ruminants. Seroprevalence was higher in goats (34.1 %; CI_95 %: 29.5–38.9) than in sheep (22.8 %; CI_95 %: 18.9–27.2). Seropositivity was detected in 76.9 % (CI_95 %: 57.9–88.9) of the sampled flocks. The final generalised estimating equations (GEE) model identified management system (intensive and semi-intensive), and larger farm size (≥492 animals) as significant risk factors associated with <em>C. abortus</em> seropositivity in domestic small ruminants. In wild ruminants, the overall seroprevalence was 2.6 % (16/605; CI_95 %: 1.6–4.3). Anti-<em>C. abortus</em> antibodies were found in 1.8 % of red deer, 3.8 % of Iberian ibex and 4.6 % of mouflon. The high exposure of small ruminants to <em>C. abortus</em> is of animal and public health concerns. Nevertheless, the low seroprevalence values observed in sympatric wild ruminant populations indicate that these species seem to play a limited role in the epidemiology of <em>C. abortus</em> in southern Spain, suggesting independent epidemiological cycles of this pathogen in domestic and wild ruminant populations in this European region. Control measures should be implemented in small ruminant farms to minimize the risk of <em>C. abortus</em> transmission to other sympatric species, including humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 106600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-based sampling for surveillance of medicinal residues in carcasses of pigs and cattle: A scoping review","authors":"Tina V.A. Hansen (Data curation),&nbsp;Jens Peter Nielsen","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Risk-based sampling is required in the EU for surveillance of residues of pharmacological active substances or their metabolites at slaughter, but which risk factors should be used to increase the probability of detecting these residues? The aim of this scoping review was to identify and evaluate the level of scientific evidence for selected risk factors that may be used to identify residue positive carcasses of pigs and cattle.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Scientific articles were retrieved from two databases: Scopus and Agricultural &amp; Environmental Science Collection and further selected by automated and manually screening processes. Selected articles describing a list of predefined potential risk factors was narratively summarized.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Based on 10 articles, we found that the level of evidence was <strong>moderate</strong> for the association between high levels of chronic pleuritis within the herd, and the risk of antibacterial residues in carcasses of pigs, and for an increased risk in the age group sows. The level of evidence was <strong>weak</strong> for the association between the presence of residues and the potential risk factors “emergency slaughter of cattle”, and “accidentally delivery of antibiotic treated pigs”. Potential risk factors not confirmed in this review included: antibiotic consumption level, mortality rate, herd size, type of production system, specific diagnosis in the herd and competent authority remarks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Published evidence on risk factors indicative of the presence of residues in carcasses of pigs and cattle is <strong>limited</strong>, thus, improved knowledge is needed for implementation of risk-based sampling in surveillance programmes for residues in carcasses of pigs and cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 106602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers measured in colostrum and transition milk of beef and dairy cows following maternal dietary supplementation during the dry period","authors":"Laudy Serhal,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Ariza,&nbsp;Nathalie Bareille","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal nutrition during the dry period impacts colostrum quality, as well as cow and calf health. Despite the potential of biomarkers, in evaluating preventive interventions, their systematic identification remains limited. The objective of this study is to synthesize and identify biomarkers in colostrum and transition milk and, quantify the variation in response to dietary supplementation during the dry period. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across animal sciences interfaces, including studies from 1949 to 2024. Eligible studies focused on cows receiving dietary supplementation during late pregnancy measuring biomarkers in colostrum and transition milk. Study quality was assessed using a risk of bias tool. We identified 70 studies, all on experimental farms. The overall quality of the evidence was considered good, with 41 % of the studies had a low risk of bias. However, almost all studies lacked a plausible rationale for biomarkers selection. A total of 47 distinct biomarkers were identified, and categorized into biomarkers of dietary exposure (n = 38; e.g., lipids), health (n = 47; e.g., SCC), and status (e.g., protein). To explore the variation of colostrum IgG concentration in response to dry period supplementation, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed on 22 studies, including 19 in dairy cattle and 3 in beef cattle. Despite non-explicit pathways, we found a significant mean difference of 8.7 g/L of IgG between the treatment and control groups. In conclusion, in order to improve the selection of biomarkers in the longitudinal studies, we recommend to reflect on the supposed causal pathway. The link between exposure and health can be documented with appropriate biomarkers available in colostrum and milk matrices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 106604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A “hazard model” using risk-weighted surveillance for first detection of chronic wasting disease","authors":"Krysten L. Schuler ,&nbsp;Nicholas A. Hollingshead ,&nbsp;Steven Heerkens ,&nbsp;James D. Kelly ,&nbsp;Jeremy E. Hurst ,&nbsp;Rachel C. Abbott ,&nbsp;Brenda J. Hanley ,&nbsp;Eireann Collins ,&nbsp;Kevin P. Hynes","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surveillance for emerging diseases can be enhanced through incorporation of risks and hazards to identify areas on the landscape with higher likelihoods of disease introduction and spread while increasing confidence that samples are collected from locations and animals with the highest probability of disease detection. A primary example of this situation is wildlife surveillance programs for chronic wasting disease (CWD) in free-ranging white-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus virginianus</em>) in jurisdictions where it is not yet known to exist. But knowledge gaps in areas that lack sufficient disease testing and the nonexistence of data depicting disease introduction risks have impeded the ability to detect disease at the earliest intrusion into wild herds. We developed a novel method to conduct wildlife disease surveillance by considering how disease introduction likelihood may increase in the presence of risk factors, such as certain human activities and dense deer populations. In the absence of empirical risk data, we solicited perceptions from subject matter experts to develop a risk assessment (survey) characterizing the likelihood of disease introduction from anthropogenic activities. We overlaid these summarized perceptions with independent harvest data on the demographic attributes of wild cervid herds. We further incorporated previously published surveillance weights representing the differential disease information gained by testing each age/sex segment of deer. We applied the resulting surveillance design (‘Hazard Model’) in New York during the 2013–2014 hunting season and in Tennessee during the 2018–2019 hunting season. In both states, the Hazard Model suggested that counties with large deer populations, high-risk cervid businesses, or those in close proximity to infections in neighboring states were at greatest risk for introduction of CWD and therefore should be sampled with the greatest intensity. After a brief outbreak of CWD in New York in 2005, wildlife officials in New York did not re-discover CWD in their state, while officials in Tennessee discovered their first case of CWD within four months. The Hazard Model was developed with logistics and constraints as primary considerations, so implementation is sufficiently flexible to accommodate specific operational needs of the wildlife agency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 106599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in daily rhythms of lying behaviour are associated with foot lesions in dairy cattle measured by degree of functional coupling","authors":"Matthew Thomas,&nbsp;Francesca Occhiuto,&nbsp;Jasmeet Kaler","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early detection of disease in farm animals is key to reducing their impact and behavioural changes may be useful indicators to achieve this. Using daily measures of lying behaviour in cattle has yielded inconsistent association with lameness but the changes in the daily rhythm of this behaviour have not yet been investigated. In this study we leverage an extensive dataset of lying behaviour of 3254 cows from 58 herds to compute the degree of functional coupling (DFC), which represents the synchronicity of the behaviour with the day, and we test for associations with foot lesions, parity, milk production and seasons. We are the first to demonstrate that DFC values serve as an early indicator of lameness as the odds of a high DFC value are lower when a lesion is present (OR = 0.61, 95 % CI 0.48 – 0.78), indicating altered behavioural rhythm due to pain or discomfort. This effect is also present in cows that would eventually go on to present with a lesion even before their first lesion is present (OR = 0.86, 95 % CI 0.76 – 0.97), suggesting a difference in susceptibility. We show that the odds of a high DFC value, indicating higher behavioural synchronicity, increased with milk production and decreased with parity, in addition to high DFC values being more likely over the summer months. Therefore, the patterns of lying behaviour as measured by DFC can be used to improve early disease detection and provide timely interventions, which would improve farm animal welfare and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 106603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycoplasma bovis outbreaks in United States bison (Bison bison) herds: A case-control survey","authors":"Kelsey A. Martin ,&nbsp;A. Springer Browne ,&nbsp;Danielle E. Buttke","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycoplasma bovis</em> (<em>M. bovis</em>) is an emerging pathogen in American Bison (<em>Bison bison</em>) inflicting significant morbidity and mortality amongst herds, severe economic impacts to bison producers, and threatening the overall conservation and restoration of this species. This study serves as the first in-depth analysis of disease dynamics and potential risk factors for <em>M. bovis</em> in United States (US) bison herds. US bison producers (n = 81) were surveyed regarding herd demographics, size, biosecurity practices, health management strategies, exposure to potential risk factors (other livestock/wildlife species, shared equipment, climate, etc.) and clinical presentation using a 1:3 case-control study design. Of the 21 case herds, 57 % (12/21) reported having experienced more than one outbreak, an indication to the pervasive, long-lasting effects of this pathogen. Direct herd-level mortality rates were highly variable but significant loss was noted with up to 32 % mortality recorded. Risk factors were evaluated using a generalized linear mixed-effects model with a stepwise additive approach. Herd size (p-value: 0.005, OR: 1.02) and shared fence line with cattle (p-value: 0.009, OR: 5.12) were associated with <em>M. bovis</em> disease. These findings suggest the risk of transmission and subsequent outbreaks are closely linked with the intensification of bison production and proximity to cattle. Health management and disease control strategies for bison can be adapted using our findings to mitigate this emerging pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 106597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the spread of Salmonid Rickettsial Septicaemia and assessing regional control strategies for saltwater salmon farms in Aysén, Chile","authors":"Chun Ting Lam ,&nbsp;Renata Ivanek ,&nbsp;Masako Wada ,&nbsp;Sarah Rosanowski ,&nbsp;Omid Nekouei ,&nbsp;Rodman Getchell ,&nbsp;Sophie St-Hilaire","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salmonid Rickettsial Septicaemia (SRS) is a highly infectious, endemic disease that spreads among saltwater salmonid farms in Chile, making control efforts challenging. Here, we present a model that simulates SRS transmission between saltwater salmonid farms in the Aysén region of Chile, using the state-transition model framework InterSpread Plus (ISP). In ISP, the status (e.g., susceptible or infectious) of farms is individually defined, and the simulation determines the transition of the farms’ state over time. Farm characteristics, such as fish species and production size, were incorporated into the model. The model parameters were estimated based on data collected from 432 farms between 2011 and 2020, expert opinions, and literature reviews. The simulation included an average of 150 active farms per week, with a total of 46,380 active farm-weeks. The model had a one-year simulation period and was used to simulate the annual spread of <em>P. salmonis</em> between salmonid farms for each year from 2013 to 2019 (i.e., six one-year model simulations, each starting in September of the respective year). Model accuracy was estimated based on 1 minus the cumulative difference between the simulated and observed weekly SRS prevalence at the regional level. The average annual model accuracy for the six one-year models was 95.0 % (range: 91.7 – 96.0 %). The baseline model was used to explore a total of 19 “what-if” control scenarios addressing one of the three following strategies: (i) depopulation of infected farms, (ii) reducing number of farms in neighbourhoods, and (iii) vaccination. The impact of these scenarios was assessed based on the estimated annual incidence rate of SRS over 6 years (i.e., 2013–2019). The three most effective scenarios for reducing the annual incidence rate of SRS were: (i) immediate depopulation of infected farms, (ii) strategic removal of 30 % of highly connected farms per neighbourhood, and (iii) industry-wide implementation of a hypothetical vaccine with at least 75 % efficacy for a minimum of 9 months. However, the estimated number of fish harvested and the estimated use of antibiotics for each of these control scenarios, compared to the baseline models, suggested that they may not be cost-effective for the industry. Future research should include cost-effectiveness analyses to identify the most economical measures for the industry. The ISP model in this study introduces a novel application of this software for managing SRS in the Chilean Aysén region and could serve as a decision-support tool for policymakers, epidemiologists and fish health professionals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 106595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying control strategies to eliminate African swine fever in the United States swine industry in under 12 months","authors":"Abagael L. Sykes ,&nbsp;Jason A. Galvis ,&nbsp;Kathleen C. O’Hara ,&nbsp;Lindsey Holmstrom ,&nbsp;Cesar Corzo ,&nbsp;Gustavo Machado","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising risk of African swine fever (ASF) introduction into the U.S., there is substantial emphasis on preparation for an epidemic to mitigate the economic impacts observed in previous outbreaks. Mathematical models represent a vital tool for simulating future epidemics and examining the effectiveness of response strategies. This study expands on our spatially explicit stochastic compartmental farm-level transmission model, <em>PigSpread-ASF</em>, to assess the effectiveness of the National Response Plan (NRP) and identify the control strategies necessary to eliminate ASF from domestic swine populations in the southeast U.S. in three, six, nine, and twelve months. We achieved this by incrementally increasing the intensity of the control actions i) quarantine and depopulation; ii) a 72-hour standstill; iii) contact tracing; and iv) control areas (composed of infected zones (3 km) and buffer zones (2 km) and surveillance zones (5 km), which include routine diagnostic testing, pre-permit testing and movement restrictions. For this model, ASF was deemed eliminated after three consecutive months of no new ASF cases following each time period, as determined by WOAH. Our results demonstrate that under the NRP, only 65.1 % of simulations in our study area were eliminated in a 12-month time frame. Through the analysis of 11 different scenarios, we propose that a future ASF control strategy would need to i) increase radii and duration of control areas and surveillance zones, ii) extend the traceback and quarantine for contact farms; iii) extend the movement standstill; iv) prohibit repopulation of depopulated farms; and v) quicker baseline detection of ASF, to eliminate ASF within three, six, nine and twelve months in the study area. The elimination of ASF in 12-months required buffer zone radius of 5 km and maintenance of the control areas and surveillance zones for 60 days, a traceback and quarantine of 60 and 30 days for the contact tracing, and a standstill of 30 days. In contrast, the three-month scenario required extension of the infected zone, buffer zone and surveillance zone radii to 20 km each and maintenance of the control area and surveillance zones for 90 days, a traceback and quarantine of 90 days for contact tracing, and a standstill of 90 days. By intensifying the current national response plan, ASF would likely be eliminated within 12-months of its introduction in the southeast U.S. However, it is pertinent to consider the limitations posed by resource capacities and the impact that intensifying control may have on business continuity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 106598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk of orthopedic diagnoses in insured Swedish Warmblood horses","authors":"S. Bonow,&nbsp;E. Hernlund,&nbsp;S. Eriksson,&nbsp;E. Strandberg,&nbsp;Å. Gelinder Viklund","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sweden has a strong tradition of insuring horses for veterinary costs, and orthopedic diagnoses are the most common for insurance claims. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in prevalence and risk of orthopedic diagnoses for Swedish warmblood (SWB) horses classified as jumping (J) or dressage (D) horses. Also, other factors that may influence orthopedic health were investigated, i.e., sex, birth cohort, and participation in young horse tests and competition. The data consisted of 15,619 insured SWB horses born between 2010 and 2020. Horses were classified as J or D horses according to pedigree. The prevalence of orthopedic diagnoses was investigated using logistic regression analysis and presented as Least Squares means. The time from birth to first orthopedic diagnosis was investigated using survival analysis. D horses were at a higher risk of having orthopedic diagnoses compared with J horses (50.9 % vs 43.9 %, P &lt; 0.0001). Male horses were at a higher risk than females (49.7 % vs 45.0 %, P &lt; 0.0001), and tested horses were at a higher risk than non-tested horses (49.9 % vs 44.9 %, P &lt; 0.0001). No significant difference was seen between competed and non-competed horses regarding the risk of having orthopedic diagnoses, but the groups were predisposed to different subgroups of orthopedic diagnoses. Survival analysis showed that later cohorts were more likely to have insurance claims for orthopedic diagnoses at a younger age than earlier cohorts. In conclusion, insurance data can be a useful tool to study which factors influence the orthopedic health status of the SWB horse population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 106596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and implementation of a structured, quantitative approach to infection prevention and control within small animal veterinary care across four different European countries","authors":"Anna-Maria Andersson ,&nbsp;Madelene Holappa ,&nbsp;Ditte Ljungquist ,&nbsp;Lisa Tolfree ,&nbsp;Sarah Proot ,&nbsp;Marlene Areskog","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most healthcare-associated infections may be prevented and improved infection prevention and control (IPC) has been identified as a key factor. A quantitative assessment would enable practices to evaluate their IPC level, track improvements, and benchmark against other practices. The primary aim of this article was to show the development of an all-encompassing IPC programme, including an antibiotic stewardship element, to be used in veterinary care. The secondary aim was to illustrate the associated scoring system, which could be used in small animal veterinary practices across different countries for quantitative assessment of compliance to the IPC guidelines, help identify strengths and shortcomings, and support decision making. First, available IPC knowledge was collated into an overall framework with seven different core elements representing the distinct aspects of IPC and antibiotic stewardship: (1) Hand hygiene, (2) Clothes, shoes, and personal protective equipment, (3) Environmental hygiene, (4) Infection prevention, (5) Reprocessing, (6) Veterinary care associated infections, and (7) Antibiotic use. Second, a pilot implementation was conducted in 15 IVC Evidensia practices in four European countries during 2020 – 2021 to evaluate the programme and the quantitative scoring system. The practice IPC levels were assessed before and after implementation. Provided with essential resources, practices increased their IPC level significantly between the initial and the final assessment with a median compliance to the pre-defined guidelines of 42 % and 65 %, respectively. This paper highlights that structured and measurable efforts to accomplish a quality-assured IPC level are possible and should be a priority for all veterinary practices worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 106594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}