Preventive veterinary medicine最新文献

{"title":"Assessing trends in ectoparasiticidal drugs used to control ticks and flies in farm animals: A four-year analysis reveal differences between epidemiological zones at country level in Uruguay","authors":"Ignacio Alcántara ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Suárez","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of ectoparasiticides is a major concern in the control of parasites. In this study, we examined the trends and patterns of veterinary medicines use comparing between a high-risk epidemiological zone (HRZ) and a low-risk epidemiological zone (LRZ) for ectoparasites over a four-year period (2017–2020) at country level data. The objective of this study was to analyze the patterns of ectoparasiticide use in Uruguayan cattle, using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System for Veterinary Drugs (ATCvet) and dose indicators to consider regional variations in the animal population and production intensity. A total of 222 registered products classified as acaricides and/or insecticides based on 21 different active ingredients were grouped into 8 ATCvet level 4 categories. The annual consumption of active ingredients in ectoparasiticides averaged 40.6 tons. The total volume in the HRZ was 693 % higher than in the LRZ. The most sold ATCvet groups were Amidines (55.9 %), Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids (20.7 %), and Organophosphate Compounds (7 %). We calculated four different indicators with the resulting median values for entire country: 89.3 Technical Units per 1000 kg (IQR range of 10.5), 0.15 mg/kg of dosing biomass, 45.7 mg/ha of dose grazing area, and 3.09e+ 10 mg/LU/ha, respectively. Amidines were the most used group in the HRZ across all indicators, while Carbamates and Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids dominated in the LRZ. Cypermethrin, Amitraz, and Ethion were predominant in the HRZ, while Cypermethrin, Carbaryl, and Diazinon were common in the LRZ. The analysis of the four mixed Generalized Linear Models revealed significant differences in the use of veterinary medicines between zones with varying levels of epidemiological risk for parasitic diseases, with certain categories showing consistent patterns between indicators and zones. These results highlight the complexity of a veterinary medicine usage and the need for specialized strategies in veterinary medicine to address regional differences in the use of parasitic agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine besnoitiosis: Assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of three different tests using a Bayesian latent class model approach and clinical characterization of the disease","authors":"Joana Jacinto ,&nbsp;Giulia Graziosi ,&nbsp;Roberta Galuppi ,&nbsp;Anastasia Poluzzi ,&nbsp;Tolulope Ogundipe ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Militerno ,&nbsp;Andrea Beltrame ,&nbsp;Arcangelo Gentile ,&nbsp;Filippo Maria Dini","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bovine besnoitiosis, a disease caused by the tissue cyst-forming apicomplexan <em>Besnoitia besnoiti</em>, is re-emerging in Europe, leading to significant impairment of health and production, as well as economic losses. The early detection of the disease is of the utmost importance for the implementation of effective control measures, yet this is a challenge due to the lack of specific early clinical signs. The objectives of our study were 1) to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of three tests to detect <em>B. besnoiti</em> in naturally exposed cattle (histopathology-skin (HIS-SK); PCR-skin (PCR-SK); and parallel PCR of nasal and scleroconjunctival swabs (PCR-NS-SC)) using a Bayesian latent class model (BLCM) and 2) to describe the clinical presentation of besnoitiosis in the studied animals. The study involved 54 adult Limousin cattle. Biosecurity measures were assessed and scored as medium. At clinical examination, a sire was diagnosed with a form of besnoitiosis between the end of the acute phase and the beginning of the chronic phase. Furthermore, 29 animals displaying a subclinical infection, characterized by the presence of scleroconjunctival cysts, were identified. The PCR-SK and PCR-NS-SC were able to detect <em>B. besnoitia</em>. The diagnostic performance of PCR-SK, PCR-NS-SC and HIS-SK was evaluated. The BLCM indicated that HIS-SK had the highest specificity (99.1 %, 95 % posterior probability interval PI: 96–100 %), while PCR-SK and PCR-NS-SC demonstrated higher sensitivities (91.0 %, 95 % PI: 68–100 %, and 85.0 %, 95 % PI: 67–100 %, respectively). The study concludes that the use of a parallel PCR-NS-SC could represent a viable alternative for the early detection of <em>B. besnoiti</em>, providing a less invasive method to monitor and control bovine besnoitiosis at the herd level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using supervised machine learning algorithms to predict bovine leukemia virus seropositivity in dairy cattle in Florida: A 10-year retrospective study","authors":"Ameer A. Megahed ,&nbsp;Reddy Bommineni ,&nbsp;Michael Short ,&nbsp;Klibs N. Galvão ,&nbsp;João H.J. Bittar","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supervised machine-learning (SML) algorithms are potentially powerful tools that may be used for screening cows for infectious diseases such as bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection. Here, we compared six different SML algorithms to identify the most important risk factors for predicting BLV seropositivity in dairy cattle in Florida. We used a dataset of 1279 dairy blood sample records from the Bronson Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory that were submitted for BLV antibody testing from 2012 to 2022. The SML algorithms that we used were logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), gradient boosting (GB), random forest (RF), neural network (NN), and support vector machine (SVM). A total of 312 serum samples were positive for BLV with corrected seroprevalence of 26.0 %. Subject to limitations of the analyzed retrospective data, the RF model was the best model for predicting BLV seropositivity in dairy cattle indicated by the highest Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) statistic of 0.75, area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.93, gain of 2.6; and lowest misclassification rate of 0.10. The LR model was the worst. The RF model showed that the best predictors for BLV seropositivity were age (dairy cows of age ≥ 5 years) and geographic location (southern Florida). We concluded that the RF and other SML algorithms hold promise for predicting BLV seropositivity in dairy cattle and that dairy cattle 5 years of age or older raised in southern Florida have a higher likelihood of testing positive for BLV. This study makes an important methodological contribution to the needed development of predictive tools for effective screening for BLV infection and emphasizes the importance of collecting and using representative data in such predictive models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A large-scale epidemiological study on the prevalence and risk factors of losses of honey bee colonies during winter seasons in Poland","authors":"Ewa Mazur ,&nbsp;Michał Czopowicz ,&nbsp;Maria Iller ,&nbsp;Anna Gajda","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conducted a citizen science survey on winter honey bee colony losses in Poland. A total of 2169 beekeepers, possessing 77 867 colonies, reported valid loss rates from all regions of the country between 2017 and 2022. We identified five beekeeping management-related factors and three types of apiaries (small-scale apiaries, medium-scale apiaries, and large-scale apiaries) and analysed their impact on winter bee colony losses. In large-scale apiaries, migration, replacement of queens, and replacement of brood combs were practiced more often than in others. Monitoring and treatment of varroosis were practiced with equal frequency in all apiary types. In total, beekeepers reported 9466 lost colonies, accounting for 12.2 % of the overall winter bee colony loss rate (95 % confidence interval (CI 95 %): 11.4 %–12.8 %). The highest overall winter bee colony losses were reported from the small-scale apiaries (14.8 %, CI 95 %: 13.2 %–16.7 %), followed by large-scale apiaries (11.6 %, CI 95 %: 10.4 %–12.8 %) and medium-scale apiaries (11.4 %, CI 95 %: 10.4 %–12.5 %). The primary category of losses was characterised by the presence of ”dead colonies”, with symptoms that could be linked to either colony depopulation syndrome or starvation. All management-related factors contributed to the lower winter bee colony loss rates, but the relationships were mainly mild, complex, and highly dependent on the type of apiary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a hidden Markov model for interpretation of serial cow milk paratuberculosis antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results adjusted for milk yield and quality","authors":"Ian Glover ,&nbsp;Andrew Bradley ,&nbsp;Martin Green ,&nbsp;Conor G. McAloon ,&nbsp;Robert Hyde ,&nbsp;Luke O’Grady","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), caused by <em>Mycobacterium avium</em> subsp. <em>paratuberculosis</em> (MAP), is a common, economically-important and potentially zoonotic contagious disease of cattle, with worldwide distribution. Disease management relies on identification of animals which are at high-risk of being infected or infectious. The disease is chronic in nature, and infected animals may be infectious in the absence of overt clinical signs. Coupled with limited sensitivity of available diagnostic tests, this creates difficulties in identifying high-risk animals. In some disease-control programmes, dairy cows are classified with regards to risk according to the results of serial tests which quantify MAP antibodies in milk samples. Such classification systems are limited by the influence of non-disease factors on test results, dichotomisation of continuous results into “positive” or “negative” according to an imperfect threshold, and subjectivity in defining which patterns of serial test results indicate different risk-categories. An unsupervised learning (clustering) approach was applied to paratuberculosis test results and milk-recording data collated from 47 farms over an approximately ten-year period between 2010 and 2021. Paratuberculosis test results were first adjusted according to influential non-disease factors using linear models. Continuous-time hidden Markov models were fit to the adjusted test results. The final model revealed four distinct latent states (clusters). Examination of the distribution of adjusted test results associated with each latent state suggested that states were ordinal and aligned with disease progression. Model transition probabilities demonstrated that the probability of an animal progressing to the highest state was dependent on its current state. Of particular note was the existence of a latent state, characterised by paratuberculosis test results below the conventional test-positive threshold, which was associated with a relatively high probability of progression to the highest cluster. This research has led to objective classification of animals according to serial test results, and furthermore suggests the presence of groups of different disease risk amongst animals whose test results fall below the routinely used test-positive threshold. Identification of such groups could be used to better manage disease on farms, through implementation of management practices which limit disease transmission from high-risk animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing risk factors for infection of Mycobacterium bovis between wild pigs and domestic cattle from an outbreak response — California, 1961–1967","authors":"Heather L. Walker ,&nbsp;Ryan S. Miller ,&nbsp;Laura W. Pomeroy ,&nbsp;Andreia G. Arruda","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the United States (US), a national control program from bovine tuberculosis (bTB) has been successful at greatly reducing the incidence of <em>Mycobacterium bovis</em> infection in domestic cattle and mitigating exposure to humans. However, experience in many countries, including the US, has demonstrated that eradication of animal tuberculosis (TB) from wildlife can complicate disease control programs. Wild pigs may serve as an important maintenance species for TB, contributing to outbreaks in cattle and hampering disease control programs. In the US, on the Hawaiian island of Molokai, wild pigs facilitated TB transmission, but risk factors contributing to infection of TB were not characterized. To fill this gap, we retrospectively analyzed data from an outbreak of <em>M. bovis</em> in wild pigs and domestic cattle in California during 1961–1967. Using generalized linear models we investigated demographic risk factors (age and sex) for TB infection in wild pigs as well as the association among wild pig and domestic cattle prevalence. Our models demonstrated a predictive accuracy of 87.8 % and suggest adult female wild pigs have significantly lower odds of being TB positive (odds ratio (OR) = 0.41, <em>p</em> value = 0.022). Furthermore, our models identified a possible positive association between male wild pigs and TB status (OR = 2.37, <em>p</em> value = 0.055). We also found evidence of differences in geographic risks. Our findings contribute to the existing literature describing risk factors of <em>M. bovis</em> infection in wild pigs and can be used to support targeted surveillance activities in wild pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of temporal resolution and contact duration on Real-Time location system-based contact networks for confined feedlot cattle","authors":"H.L. Seger ,&nbsp;M.W. Sanderson ,&nbsp;B.J. White ,&nbsp;C. Lanzas","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Empirical data on livestock contact networks are scarce but digital technologies are increasingly used to characterize animal behavior and describe the dynamics of contact networks. The objective of this study was to use contact network analysis to quantify contacts within three pens of feedlot cattle across three consecutive years at varying temporal resolutions to better inform the construction of network-based disease transmission models for cattle within confined-housing systems. We also aimed to describe the influence of the variation in Real-Time Location System (RTLS) average tag read rates and the effect of increasing minimum contact duration (MCD) on the contact networks of feedlot cattle. Three pens of feedlot steers were tagged with RTLS, one pen in each of three consecutive summers from 2017 to 2019. Contacts were defined with a spatial threshold of 0.71 m and an MCD of either 10, 30, or 60 seconds. Static, undirected, weighted contact networks were created for the full study duration and then split into daily (24-h), 6-h period, and hourly networks to better assess network heterogeneity. For the full study duration time scale, all three networks were found to be densely connected. The networks showed more heterogeneity in network density and clustering coefficient when smaller time scales (6-h period and hourly) were applied. When contacts were defined with a MCD of 30 or 60 seconds, the total number of contacts seen in each network decreased, indicating that most of the contacts observed in our networks may have been transient passing contacts. For example, the total defined contacts for the 2017 native read rate network were 930,843 at 10 s MCD, 95,570 at 30 s MCD, and 19,135 at 60 s MCD. Though the same system was used for all three years, variation in average tag read rate was observed (range: 2.2 readings/min (2018) to 7.4 readings/min (2017)). When the networks were down-scaled from higher average tag read rates to match lower tag read rates, the full study networks maintained similar network density and clustering, though the average edge weight between pairs decreased. Overall, the networks created here from high-resolution spatial and temporal contact observation data provide estimates for a contact network within a commercial US feedlot pen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new web application for determining sample size in freedom-from-disease testing with imperfect tests","authors":"Darren Michael Green","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Veterinary surveillance frequently requires study design for freedom-from-disease testing, specifying a sample size to balance higher statistical power with larger sample sizes against increased research and ethics costs, with the recognition that tests can generate false positive and negative results: i.e., tests exhibit imperfect sensitivity and specificity. In this paper, we revisit the mathematics behind exact calculations of sample size in terms of the binomial and hypergeometric distributions, and present a new algorithm – implemented and available to use in <em>R</em> as a <em>Shiny</em> application with a graphical user interface – to determine sample size for practical situations. Often, sample size calculations are based upon simulations or approximations, but we show here that exact calculations are feasible. In addition, we relax the liberal assumption – which provides conservative sample-size estimates – that sensitivity and specificity are known exactly, and instead assume both are Beta distributed with known hyperparameters. The application presented here was originally designed as a learning tool for students and is now made available for wider use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling mycobacterial infections in Brazilian swine: Insights from epidemiological and diagnostic studies","authors":"Allice Braga ,&nbsp;Angélica Cavalheiro Bertagnolli ,&nbsp;Vinícius da Rosa Fanfa ,&nbsp;Rogério de Oliveira Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Alice Faé ,&nbsp;Gabriela Ramos ,&nbsp;Rafaella Cristina Morais ,&nbsp;Sidia Maria Callegari-Jacques ,&nbsp;Cristine Cerva ,&nbsp;Fabiana Quoos Mayer","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stringent sanitary standards are imperative for swine production, ensuring high biosecurity and safe meat. However, granulomatous lesions, often detected as “lymphadenitis” in slaughterhouses, lack routine laboratory examination, potentially overlooking tuberculosis among other etiologies. This study aimed to: (i) explore epidemiological variables linked to swine carcasses condemned due to “tuberculosis” or “lymphadenitis” in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil in a retrospective survey; and (ii) evaluate the frequency of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> in granulomatous lymphadenitis lesions. Epidemiological data from the public surveillance system including farm origin, slaughter location, season, producer type and the inspection scope, were evaluated by their association with the occurrence of animal transport guides (ATG) with at least one animal condemned due to lymphadenitis or tuberculosis. For the prospective study, tissue samples from 118 animals with granulomatous lymphadenitis lesions were examined through histopathology and bacterial isolation. The frequency of ATG with at least one carcass condemned due to lymphadenitis or tuberculosis was 2.27 % and 0.027 % respectively. The factors associated with lymphadenitis were slaughter location, origin, producer type, and inspection scope (state or municipal). However, no significant risk factors emerged for tuberculosis in multivariable analysis. Histopathology confirmed granulomatous lymphadenitis in 44.92 % of lymph nodes, and <em>M. tuberculosis</em> var. bovis was isolated in 2.54 % of cases. Although the tuberculosis frequency (0.002 %) was low, it surpassed federal inspection data (&lt;0.001 %), evidencing that laboratory diagnosis should be considered in such lesions. This study underscores the need for improved diagnostic routine in slaughterhouses to enhance biosecurity and public health protection in the swine industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key farm characteristics associated with the level of antimicrobial use in rosé veal production – A Danish database study","authors":"Jeanette Kristensen ,&nbsp;Amanda Brinch Kruse ,&nbsp;Anne Mette Hostrup Kjeldsen ,&nbsp;Liza Rosenbaum Nielsen","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial use (AMU) in veal production is high compared to other bovine production types and has been suggested as an area with potential for AMU reduction. High AMU is a public health concern due to its association with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Identifying farm characteristics associated with AMU could provide valuable insights for stakeholders seeking to monitor and implement initiatives to reduce AMU. This study aimed at investigating farm characteristics associated with AMU in Danish rosé veal farms, which is the main veal production type in Denmark. The AMU and characteristics included were extracted from two Danish national databases; The Danish Central Husbandry Register (CHR) and the Danish Veterinary Medicines Statistics Program (VetStat). Characteristics included were farm size, mortality, number of suppliers, sites per farm, and farm-level composition of animals with regards to sex and breed. The 118 farms included in the study received 41 % of the total amount of antimicrobials prescribed for Danish calves and young stock in 2020 measured in Animal Daily Doses (ADD). A multivariable linear regression model with the annual average farm-level AMU as outcome was created. AMU was measured as ADD per 100 animals per day (ADD100) and square root-transformed in the model. Increasing farm size and number of suppliers and decreasing proportion of crossbred bulls were found to be significantly associated with higher AMU. However, proportion of crossbred bulls was correlated with proportion of females. Separating the effects of breed and sex was not possible, partly due to the highly summarised data structure. Mortality and number of sites were not significantly associated with AMU. Farms with the type “starter-farms” has previously been shown to have a higher AMU compared to other rosé veal farm types. An important finding in this study was that grouping multiple sites into farms by using ownership data made it possible to summarise AMU for the full line of production from arrival at the veal farm to exit for slaughter. The results and approaches from this paper present an opportunity for repeated evaluation of farm characteristics associated with AMU, which could be used to continuously adapt and target AMU monitoring and control. In addition, it is done on existing surveillance data which keeps the cost of the study low in terms of data collection and data management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 106406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}