Plant Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Improvement of simultaneous genome editing of homoeologous loci in polyploid wheat using CRISPR/Cas9 applying tRNA processing system.","authors":"Shoya Komura, Mitsuko Kishi-Kaboshi, Fumitaka Abe, Yoshihiro Inoue, Kentaro Yoshida","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0214b","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0214b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) consists of three genomes, and notable mutant phenotypes can be observed when all homoeologs are knocked out due to functional redundancy among the homoeologous gene copies. Therefore, high editing efficiency is required to rapidly obtain loss-of-function mutants in wheat. The endogenous tRNA processing system of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing enables the expression of multiple single-guide RNA (sgRNAs) under the control of a single promoter, facilitating simultaneous multiple genome editing in an organism. Here, we evaluated the genome editing efficiency of multiple sgRNA expressions with the tRNA processing system. At first, using sgRNA of quantitative trait locus for seed dormancy 1, polycistronic tRNA-sgRNA vectors were introduced into immature embryos, and genome editing efficiency was evaluated in the transformed T₁ plants. In the use of three sgRNA modules, there was no difference in the efficiency of genome editing among the positions of the sgRNAs. We subsequently tested simultaneous genome editing of multiple homoeologous loci. Simultaneous expression of six sgRNAs per gene to target all homoeologous loci increased the editing efficiency of all homoeologous loci up to 100%. Our study indicates that the tRNA processing system is highly effective at simultaneous genome editing of homoeologous loci of wheat.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"167-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of <i>LEAFY</i>-homologous genes from two <i>Tricyrtis</i> spp. showing different inflorescence architecture.","authors":"Sota Takanashi, Yuto Imamura, Haruki Ouchi, Shoichi Sato, Masahiro Otani, Masaru Nakano","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0225a","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0225a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For ornamental plants, inflorescence architecture is one of the most important traits to determine their commercial values. However, molecular mechanisms of inflorescence architecture determination have not yet been fully elucidated. <i>LEAFY</i> (<i>LFY</i>), which encodes a plant-specific transcriptional factor, has been shown to play a key role in the switch from vegetative to reproductive phases. Recent studies have demonstrated that LFY is involved not only in floral meristem induction but also in inflorescence architecture determination. <i>Tricyrtis</i> spp., which belong to the family Liliaceae, show two different types of inflorescence architecture: <i>T</i>. <i>hirta</i> produces both apical and lateral flowers, whereas <i>T</i>. <i>formosana</i> produces only apical flowers. In the present study, we isolated <i>LFY</i>-homologous genes from <i>T</i>. <i>hirta</i> and <i>T</i>. <i>formosana</i> (designated as <i>ThirLFY</i> and <i>TforLFY</i>, respectively) and analyze their functions and expression patterns as a first step toward elucidation of molecular mechanisms of inflorescence architecture determination in <i>Tricyrtis</i> spp. Alignment analysis based on amino acid sequences showed that both ThirLFY and TforLFY have functional motifs of LFY, and only three amino acid differences are found between them. Transgenic <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> plants overexpressing <i>ThirLFY</i> or <i>TforLFY</i> showed early flowering and production of secondary inflorescences, and no functional differences were observed between ThirLFY and TforLFY. <i>In situ</i> hybridization analysis showed that <i>ThirLFY</i> was expressed in both apical and lateral buds of <i>T</i>. <i>hirta</i>, whereas <i>TforLFY</i> was only expressed in apical buds of <i>T</i>. <i>formosana</i>. Thus, two different types of inflorescence architecture in <i>Tricyrtis</i> spp. may be caused by different expression patterns of <i>LFY</i>-homologous genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid staining method for the detection of suberin lamellae in the root endodermis and exodermis.","authors":"Takaki Yamauchi, Jingxia Li, Kurumi Sumi","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0312a","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0312a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histochemical detection of suberin lamellae has remarkably advanced our understanding of the roles of the apoplastic diffusion barrier in the root endodermis and the oxygen diffusion barrier in the root exodermis. Fluorol yellow 088 detects the aliphatic component of suberin and is one of the most reliable stains for detecting suberin lamellae in the endodermis and exodermis. Although fluorol yellow 088 staining can detect suberin lamellae in various plant roots by a simple procedure, conventional methods are time-consuming, as they need a long time to prepare the solution, stain, and wash the samples. Here, we propose a rapid method to minimize the time required to achieve suberin staining using root cross-sections. While conventional methods use polyethylene glycol-glycerol or lactic acid as the solvent, we found that fluorol yellow 088 readily dissolves into ethanol. This modification remarkably shortened the time required to prepare the solution, stain, and wash root cross-sections. Thus, our method will enhance the study of root anatomy and the histological development of plant roots.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"185-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sterile plant culture system of <i>Uncaria rhynchophylla</i> as a biosynthetic model of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids.","authors":"Takako Sugahara, Ryosuke Sugiyama, Hiroshi Sudo, Yuta Koseki, Katsuyuki Aoki, Mami Yamazaki","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0218a","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0218a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Uncaria</i> plants, belonging to the Rubiaceae family, develop characteristic hooks at their leaf axils. In the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the hooks from three <i>Uncaria</i> species, including <i>U. rhynchophylla</i>, are collectively defined as \"Uncaria Hook\" and are widely used as medicinal materials. The pharmacological properties of the diverse bioactive metabolites in <i>U. rhynchophylla</i>, particularly monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), have been extensively studied. In this study, we aimed to establish sterile cultures of <i>U. rhynchophylla</i> as models for investigating MIA biosynthesis. LC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that the metabolomic profiles of stems from cultured plants showed strong similarity to those of medicinal parts from mature plants, specifically the hooks and stems. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that the contents of oxindole and indole alkaloids exhibited distinct variations depending on the plant part and developmental stage, both in sterile plant cultures and mature plants. Our findings demonstrate that <i>U. rhynchophylla</i> can be maintained under sterile conditions while stably producing MIAs. These cultured plants can serve as a model system not only for studying MIA biosynthetic pathways but also for ensuring quality control of Uncaria Hook in medicinal applications. This model system would contribute to the fundamental research by enhancing our understanding of the biosynthetic mechanisms and facilitating applications such as metabolic control of the contents of bioactive compounds in Uncaria Hook.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"145-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of culture and acclimation conditions in a bio-nursery system for <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i>.","authors":"Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Takayuki Inui, Noriaki Kawano, Takayuki Tamura, Miki Sakurai, Tomokazu Jinbou, Katsuko Komatsu, Kayo Yoshimatsu","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0120a","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0120a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Paeonia lactiflora</i>, the roots of which are used as a crude drug, is one of the most widely used and important medicinal plants. The long cultivation period and low proliferation rate of <i>P. lactiflora</i> makes it difficult to propagate large numbers of plants within a short period. We developed a bio-nursery system using plant tissue culture techniques to contribute to the supply of <i>P. lactiflora</i> seeds and seedlings in Japan. Here, we report on the improved tissue culture and acclimation conditions for a more stable and efficient bio-nursery system. We investigated the effect of culture conditions on shoot proliferation and the effect of calcium concentration during root induction and acclimation of cultured plantlets. The results demonstrated that the number of shoots increased under the 15/5°C diurnal temperature changing treatment [15°C, 12 h light (fluorescent light, 80-130 µmol m^-2 s^-1)/5°C, 12 h dark] compared to a constant temperature of 15°C. A higher calcium concentration (6 mM Ca²⁺) during root induction resulted in more vigorous growth after transplantation to the soil. In addition, it was found that planting in a closed greenhouse at a constant temperature of 20°C after cold treatment was suitable for acclimation of cultured plantlets. These findings are expected to contribute to the future seedling supply of <i>P. lactiflora.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"179-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tri-arabinosylation facilitates the bioactivity of CLE3 peptide in <i>Arabidopsis</i>.","authors":"Satoru Nakagami, Taiki Kajiwara, Hajime Hibino, Taku Yoshiya, Masayoshi Mochizuki, Shugo Tsuda, Toshihiro Yamamoto, Shinichiro Sawa","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0120b","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0120b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-translational modification is critical for the bioactivity of small secreted-signaling peptides. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) activity that defines SAM size is controlled by the CLAVATA3 (CLV3) peptide ligand, which belongs to the CLV3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGIONRELATED (CLE) family, and its cognate receptor CLV1. The mature CLV3 peptide is post-translationally modified with tri-arabinose, increasing the binding affinity with CLV1. However, the mature form of most CLE peptides is unknown. Here we apply the synthetic CLE3 peptide with tri-arabinose to <i>clv3</i> mutant to determine whether the CLE3 peptide can reduce the SAM size. We show that tri-arabinosylated CLE3 peptide exhibits stronger bioactivity in the SAM in a CLV1/BAM1-dependent manner. Our data emphasizes the importance of post-translational modification on peptide signaling, helping to characterize bona fide mature peptides.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"163-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzymatic characterization and docking simulation of a xylan synthase catalytic subunit, <i>Setaria viridis</i> IRX10, using xylotrimer acceptors with distinct fluorescent labels.","authors":"Seichi Suzuki, Yasuhiko Kizuka, Bunzo Mikami, Kosei Yamauchi, Takeshi Ishimizu, Shiro Suzuki","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0123a","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0123a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arabinoxylan, a major hemicellulose in plant cell walls, particularly in grasses and cereals, plays a crucial role in structural integrity and biological functions, with diverse industrial applications such as food production and prebiotic development. Despite its significance, the molecular mechanism of arabinoxylan biosynthesis remains unclear. Here, we identified and characterized a xylan synthase catalytic subunit, <i>Setaria viridis</i> IRregular Xylem 10 (SvIRX10), from a new model plant for C₄-photosynthetic grasses, <i>S. viridis</i> A10.1. Bioinformatic analysis classified SvIRX10 as a glycosyltransferase 47 family member, conserved across various species. Recombinant SvIRX10 expressed in Expi293 cells exhibited xylan synthase activity for all tested xylotrimer (Xyl₃) acceptors with distinct fluorescent labels. The substrate conversion efficiency for 2-aminobenzoic acid-labeled Xyl₃ (Xyl₃-2AA) was highest, but those for other labeled Xyl₃ were lower. Nevertheless, the elongation efficiencies were comparable among tested acceptors when the xylan chains elongated enough. Structural prediction and docking simulations illustrated most frequently the productive conformations using Xyl₃-2AA and xylotetraose as ligands. The interactions between the two ligands and the active site were well-conserved, and all ligand units interacted with SvIRX10. These ligand conformations in the active site were similar, but those of other fluorescently labeled Xyl₃ differed except for the first xylosyl unit at the non-reducing end. Thus, SvIRX10 recognizes at least 4 xylosyl units in the xylan synthetic reaction. Together, these findings provide insights into the enzymatic mechanisms of SvIRX10 and the initiation of xylan elongation, offering potential applications for modifying plant cell walls in biomass utilization and functional food development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"121-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of <i>CqCYP76AD5v1</i>, a gene involved in betaxanthin biosynthesis in <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>, and its product, betaxanthin, which inhibits amyloid-β aggregation.","authors":"Tomohiro Imamura, Hironori Koga, Akio Miyazato, Zhe Xu, Ryouta Shigehisa, Shinya Ohki, Masashi Mori","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0122a","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0122a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Betalain pigments, primarily produced by the order Caryophyllales, are categorized into betacyanins (red/purple) and betaxanthins (yellow/orange). While the biosynthetic pathways of these pigments are well-studied, the genes responsible for betaxanthin biosynthesis in quinoa were previously unknown. This study identified three candidate genes, <i>CqCYP76AD5v1</i>, <i>CqCYP76AD5v2</i>, and <i>CqCYP76AD130</i>, as quinoa orthologs of beet <i>CYP76AD5</i> and <i>CYP76AD6</i>. Agroinfiltration experiments in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> revealed that <i>CqCYP76AD5v1</i> exhibited L-DOPA synthesis activity, whereas <i>CqCYP76AD130</i> did not. To enable large-scale production of betaxanthins, we developed a tobacco BY-2 cell line expressing <i>CqCYP76AD5v1</i> and <i>CqDODA1-1</i>, with vulgaxanthin I identified as the predominant product. Furthermore, the betaxanthin mixture extracted from this line inhibited amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation, a key factor associated with Alzheimer's disease. These findings demonstrate the potential of betaxanthins derived from quinoa betaxanthin-biosynthesis genes for applications in health supplements and pharmaceuticals.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"111-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel small molecules disrupting polarized cell expansion and development in the moss, <i>Physcomitrium patens</i>.","authors":"Prerna Singh, Naoya Kadofusa, Ayato Sato, Satoshi Naramoto, Tomomichi Fujita","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0209a","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.0209a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tip growth is vital for plant growth and development, yet the regulatory mechanisms governing this process remain incompletely understood. In this study, we identify Reagent F4, a novel small molecule that disrupts tip growth and polarized cell expansion in the moss, <i>Physcomitrium patens</i> protonemata. Through unbiased chemical screening, we found that Reagent F4 induces abnormal protonemal morphology, characterized by reduced cell elongation and stunted cell expansion. Our analyses revealed that F4 treatment triggers actin depolymerization and disrupts apical actin foci, which are critical for initiating and maintaining tip growth. Additionally, both acute and prolonged F4 exposure led to mislocalization of ROP GTPase, a key regulator of cell polarity. Transcriptomic analyses of F4 treated protonemata show significant downregulation of genes involved in lipid asymmetry, a process essential for polarized growth. These findings establish Reagent F4 as a valuable tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms governing tip growth in <i>P. patens</i> and highlight the potential role of lipid asymmetry in coordinating cytoskeletal organization and membrane polarity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"131-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-based analysis of the circadian rhythm generation of bioluminescence reporter activity in duckweed.","authors":"Yu Horikawa, Emiri Watanabe, Shogo Ito, Tokitaka Oyama","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.24.1226a","DOIUrl":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.24.1226a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioluminescence monitoring techniques are widely used to study the gene expression dynamics in living plants. Monitoring the bioluminescence from a luciferase gene under the control of a circadian promoter is indispensable for examining plant circadian systems. The bioluminescence monitoring technique was successfully applied to physiological studies of circadian rhythms in duckweed plants. It has been reported that a luciferase gene under a constitutive promoter also exhibits a bioluminescent circadian rhythm in duckweed. However, the mechanisms underlying rhythm generation remain unknown. In this study, we performed a model-based analysis to evaluate the machinery that generates the bioluminescence rhythm. We hypothesized the rhythmic factor of three aspects regarding the bioluminescence intensities of luciferase in cells: luminescence efficiency, production rate, and degradation rate. Theoretically, if the latter two are involved in rhythm generation, the difference in luciferase stability affects the amplitude and phase relations of the bioluminescence rhythm. Luciferase stability is irrelevant to these rhythm properties if only the luminescence efficiency is involved. First, we simulated the bioluminescence rhythms of two luciferases with different stabilities associated with each of three rhythmic factors. Luciferase stability was set based on the reported values for Emerald-luciferase and Emerald-luciferase-PEST. We then experimentally examined the bioluminescence rhythms of reporters of these luciferases driven by the <i>CAULIFLOWER MOSAIC VIRUS 35S</i> promoter in the duckweed <i>Lemna japonica</i>. Their circadian properties matched those obtained from the simulation of the luminescence efficiency. This supports the view that cells in duckweed show circadian changes in physiological conditions associated with the luciferase enzyme reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":"42 2","pages":"173-177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}