Physics Procedia最新文献_第4页

Integrated Linear-processing Ion-beam Sputtering System Using a Meter-scale Ribbon-beam 基于米尺度带状束的集成线性处理离子束溅射系统

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.057

Nicholas R. White, August O. Westner

{"title":"Integrated Linear-processing Ion-beam Sputtering System Using a Meter-scale Ribbon-beam","authors":"Nicholas R. White, August O. Westner","doi":"10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a system capable of performing linear PVD processing by DC ion beam sputtering, suitable for reactive or high-vacuum deposition of dielectrics, metals, or magnetic materials onto conductive, insulating, or magnetic substrates. This equipment can be installed on a single vacuum flange for mounting on a variety of vacuum systems, but linear flow systems are preferred. Our recently developed ion source can generate ribbon ion beams of high current and low divergence over a wide range of energies, but is optimized for about 1 to 5 keV, and high ion currents of up to 1A per meter breadth; breadths of several meters are possible. The current density is an order of magnitude higher than existing systems. Uniformity is intrinsically good and can be controlled in real-time. The ion source and the sputter target are mounted close to each other and to the target; the cross section of the equipment does not change as the equipment is scaled up to large dimensions. The ion beam impinges on the sputter target at the optimum angle and energy, in a field-free region, and in high vacuum. This combination of conditions is unique, and dramatically raises the sputter yield. Free choice of beam energy permits higher thermal efficiency. High vacuum means that the deposited atoms comprising the film retain the full energy of several eV that was produced in the sputtering process. The geometry further permits extremely simple and efficient jetting of reactive gases such as oxygen for the production of oxide films. The single broad-beam source has far higher current density and a far more compact layout than existing ion-beam sputtering systems, and can be installed in linear processing systems in a similar manner to linear magnetrons.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20407,"journal":{"name":"Physics Procedia","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 187-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83421958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local Density of States in One-dimensional Photonic Crystals and Sinusoidal Superlattices 一维光子晶体和正弦超晶格的局域态密度

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.01.030

V.A. Ignatchenko, D.S. Tsikalov

引用次数: 3

Preliminary Investigation on Life Cycle Inventory of Powder Bed Fusion of Stainless Steel 不锈钢粉床熔炼全生命周期库存的初步研究

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.017

Patricia Nyamekye , Heidi Piili , Maija Leino , Antti Salminen

{"title":"Preliminary Investigation on Life Cycle Inventory of Powder Bed Fusion of Stainless Steel","authors":"Patricia Nyamekye , Heidi Piili , Maija Leino , Antti Salminen","doi":"10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Manufacturing of work pieces from stainless steel with laser additive manufacturing, known also as laser sintering or 3D printing may increase energy and material efficiency. The use of powder bed fusion offers advantages to make parts for dynamic applications of light weight and near-net-shape products. Due to these advantages among others, PBF may also reduce emissions and operational cost in various applications. However, there are only few life cycle assessment studies examining this subject despite its prospect to business opportunity. The application of Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) in Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) provides a distinct evaluation of material and energy consumption. LCI offers a possibility to improve knowledge of process efficiency. This study investigates effect of process sustainability in terms of raw material, energy and time consumption with PBF and CNC machining. The results of the experimental study indicated lower energy efficiency in the production process with PBF. This study revealed that specific energy consumption in PBF decreased when several components are built simultaneously than if they would be built individually. This is due to fact that energy consumption per part is lower. On the contrary, amount of energy needed to machine on part in case of CNC machining is lower when parts are done separately.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20407,"journal":{"name":"Physics Procedia","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 108-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89665779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

A New Method for Calculating the Error Term Used in 2D Feedback Control of Laser Forming 一种用于激光成形二维反馈控制误差项计算的新方法

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.003

Anders Noel Thomsen, Benny Endelt, Morten Kristiansen

{"title":"A New Method for Calculating the Error Term Used in 2D Feedback Control of Laser Forming","authors":"Anders Noel Thomsen, Benny Endelt, Morten Kristiansen","doi":"10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser forming of sheet metal has the potential to add to the growing repertoire of laser processing. This is of particular interest for flexible manufacturing and rapid prototyping. A factor limiting the practical use is the planning of the process parameters, such as laser scan path, laser power, laser scan speed, laser spot size, dwell time, etc. This study presents a new method for calculating the error between the target shape and the current shape. The method is based on geometrical information and uses a projection of the second derivative of the target geometry unto the current geometry. By comparing the projected second derivative with the second derivative of the current geometry, the error can be calculated. Once the error has been found, a feedback control strategy can be used to update the process parameters. The new method entails that the error can be calculated without having to solve the large scale mechanical FEM as part of the planning process. This reduces the planning time and enables a simpler approach that, for the error calculation, is independent of material properties. The method is verified for a 2D feedback system for simple bends in sheet metal, using FEM simulations of the laser forming process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20407,"journal":{"name":"Physics Procedia","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 148-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77147048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Quadruple Axis Neutron Computed Tomography 四轴中子计算机断层扫描

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.06.027

Burkhard Schillinger, Dominik Bausenwein

引用次数: 3

Application of Hybrid Laser arc Welding for the Joining of Large Offshore Steel Foundations 混合激光弧焊在大型海洋钢基础连接中的应用

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.08.018

Morten Kristiansen, Farhang Farrokhi, Ewa Kristiansen, Sigurd Villumsen

引用次数: 14

Highly Effective Light Beam Diffraction on Holographic PDLC Photonic Structure, Controllable by the Spatially Inhomogeneous Electric Field 空间非均匀电场控制全息PDLC光子结构上的高效光束衍射

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.01.011

A.O. Semkin, S.N. Sharangovich

引用次数: 1

Formation of Periodic Structures (2D-PhCs) by Scanning Electron Lithography 扫描电子光刻技术制备周期结构(2D-PhCs

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.01.033

Dmitriy Utkin , Alexander Shklyev , Andrey Tsarev , Alexander Latyshev , Dmitriy Nasimov

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Graphene Stripper Foils in 11-MeV Cyclotrons 石墨烯剥离箔在11-MeV回旋加速器中的表征

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.034

Sergey Korenev , Rick Dishman , Alberto Yebra , Nikolay Meshcheryakov , Ilya Smirnov , Igor Pavlovsky , Richard Fink

引用次数: 6

Triassico: A Sphere Positioning System for Surface Studies with IBA Techniques 三叠纪:用IBA技术进行表面研究的球面定位系统

Physics Procedia Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.013

Cristiano L. Fontana , Barney L. Doyle

{"title":"Triassico: A Sphere Positioning System for Surface Studies with IBA Techniques","authors":"Cristiano L. Fontana , Barney L. Doyle","doi":"10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We propose here a novel device, called the Triassico, to microscopically study the entire surface of millimeter-sized spheres. The sphere dimensions can be as small as 1mm, and the upper limit defined only by the power and by the mechanical characteristics of the motors used. Three motorized driving rods are arranged so an equilateral triangle is formed by the rod's axes, on such a triangle the sphere sits. Movement is achieved by rotating the rods with precise relative speeds and by exploiting the friction between the sphere and the rods surfaces. The sphere can be held in place by gravity or by an opposing trio of rods. By rotating the rods with specific relative angular velocities, a net torque can be exerted on the sphere which then rotates. No repositioning of the sphere or of the motors is needed to cover the full surface with the investigating tools. An algorithm was developed to position the sphere at any arbitrary polar and azimuthal angle. The algorithm minimizes the number of rotations needed by the rods, in order to efficiently select a particular position on the sphere surface. A prototype Triassico was developed for the National Ignition Facility, of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (Livermore, California, USA), as a sphere manipulation apparatus for ion microbeam analysis at Sandia National Laboratories (Albuquerque, NM, USA) of Xe-doped DT inertial confinement fusion fuel spheres. Other applications span from samples orientation, ball bearing manufacturing, or jewelry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20407,"journal":{"name":"Physics Procedia","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.phpro.2017.09.013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90751373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0