Postgraduate Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Of evidence, eminence, and other influences: a light-hearted look at real-world surgical decision-making.","authors":"Dhananjaya Sharma","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf135","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of non-focused low-intensity ultrasound technology for subcutaneous lipolysis in the lower abdomen: a clinical study.","authors":"Jieying Tang, Lujia Chen, Shihong Zhang, Hui Shao, Lu Wang, Chuan Wang, Qiang Chen, Yikang Hou, Xueyin Liao, Meina Song, Cuicui Zhang, Xuemei Zhang, Jianmin Yang, Weiwei Li","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With rising demand for non-invasive body contouring, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of non-focused, low-intensity ultrasound for lower abdominal lipolysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The enrolled subjects prospectively received 6 weekly sessions of well-setting ultrasound treatment with frequency of 1 MHz and an intensity of 2.2 W/cm2, to target the subcutaneous fat of lower abdomen with three regions (left, middle, and right). Evaluations included ultrasound measurements and blood biochemical analyses at the baseline, pre-4th session, and at 1 and 2-month post-treatment points to confirm the efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 17 subjects completed the whole treatment. Significant reductions in superficial abdominal fat layer thickness of all three regions were observed (all P-values of ANOVA <0.001), without severe adverse events reported. Post-hoc analysis showed the superficial fat layers of all the three regions at 1-month post-treatment significant reductions comparing the baseline (all adjusted P < 0.05). The reduction effects for superficial fat layers were still available at the 2-month post-treatment follow-up at the left and middle regions. Conversely, there was no significant improvements among the deep fat layers at the three regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-focused, low-intensity ultrasound demonstrate its potential of efficacy and safety for reducing superficial abdominal fat, and may maintain the capability for at least two months. Further studies are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and optimize treatment parameters.   What is already known on this topic? Non-focused ultrasound with low-intensity is recognized for its potential in non-invasive body contouring, but detailed efficacy and safety data were limited, especially for lower abdominal lipolysis. What this study adds? Our research demonstrated the efficacy and safety of non-focused ultrasound with low-intensity in reducing superficial abdominal fat, with sustained effects for at least two months. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy? This study could guide future researches toward long-term effects and optimization of ultrasound treatments, and influence clinical practice by providing a validated method for non-invasive fat reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"814-819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between sleep duration and depression in adolescents and young adults: a system review of observational studies and a genetic research of Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Qiu-Qiang Zheng, Wei-Wei Yang, Shan-Shu He, Yi-Ran Li","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to explore the causal association between sleep duration and depression in adolescents and young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review and Mendelian randomization (MR) to research the causal relationship between short sleep duration and adolescent depression risk from an observational and genetic perspective. In the systematic review, we searched observational studies from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. In the MR analysis part, we screened Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) significantly relative to short sleep and conforming MR concept to investigate the genetic causality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All research evidence shows that adolescents who sleep <6 h have the highest rates of depression. According to the MR result, short sleep duration significantly affected the depression risk (odds ratio, 1.034; 95% confidence interval, 1.012-1.058, P = .003). Sleep duration of 7-8 h has the lowest depression incidence. Insufficient sleep (≤6 h) and excessive sleep (≥8 h) also elevates adolescent depression risk. Genetic evidence shows that short sleep duration (<6 h) has significant causal effects on depression risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sleep duration was causally associated with depression in adolescents and young adults. Sleep duration of <6 h or >8 h daily increases the depression risk in adolescents and young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"845-853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new strategy for drug delivery systems in oral diseases using stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: review and new perspectives.","authors":"Ruyang Xia, Maojiao Li, Bo Huang","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgae187","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgae187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane vesicles derived from cells and serve as an endogenous mechanism for intercellular communication. Since the discovery of their capacity to effectively transfer biological information, their potential as drug delivery vehicles has garnered significant scientific interest. Particularly, EVs derived from mesenchymal cells (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a highly promising method for drug delivery. They can transport bioactive molecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins, and possess the ability to modulate immune responses, transmit information, and target specific cells. EVs offer several advantages over conventional drug delivery systems, including their capacity to traverse natural barriers, inherent cell targeting capabilities, and stability in circulation. Compared to their parent cells, EVs exhibit low immunogenicity, ease of storage and transport, and a reduced risk of tumorigenesis. The diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases often involve invasive measures, and MSC-EVs have demonstrated initial efficacy in oral disease treatment. This review explores the application of MSC-EVs in maxillofacial tissue regeneration, periodontitis, temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, Sjögren's Syndrome, oral cancer, and other oral diseases. Additionally, it outlines potential future directions for the development of MSC-EVs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of MSC-EVs in oral disease treatment and to stimulate interest in their applications for targeted drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"779-790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measures to prevent esophageal stenosis are necessary after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early esophageal cancer lesions with a circumferential ratio of 75%-99%: a retrospective case analysis.","authors":"Yong Gao, Jiao Zhu, Jianjun Li, Xue Peng, Xubiao Nie, Haiyan Zhao, Lifu Sheng, Chaoqiang Fan, Jianying Bai","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is currently one of the most curative treatments for early esophageal cancer. We conducted a retrospective case analysis to identify the characteristics of early esophageal cancer that indicate esophageal stenosis prevention measures. Our aim was to provide a reference for clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six hundred and fifty-four patients with early esophageal cancer treated with ESD were admitted to our hospital between January 2011 and December 2018.Clinical information such as patients' demographic characteristics, lesion features, preventive measures if any, and complications of esophageal stenosis after ESD were collected from the hospital information system. The data were statistically analysed by SPSS software (version 23.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1. Seventy-nine patients with early esophageal cancer suffered from esophageal stenosis after ESD. The median time from undergoing ESD to the first occurrence of stenosis was 27 (17-43) days. Specifically, among the 79 cases, 47 of them experienced stenosis within one month after ESD, and 23 cases experienced stenosis between 1 and 2 months after ESD, and 9 cases experienced stenosis more than 2 months after the operation.2. Taking preventive measures significantly reduced overall esophageal stenosis incidence in patients with early esophageal cancer with lesion circumferential ratio of 75%-99% (P < 0.05).3. Among patients with early esophageal cancer with 75%-99% circumferential proportion of lesions, the risk of esophageal stenosis within 2 months without prevention measures was 2.617(95% CI, 1.057-6.479) times higher than that with prevention measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is necessary to take measures to prevent esophageal stenosis after ESD for early esophageal cancer lesions with a circumferential ratio of 75%-99%.</p>","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"820-827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients on dialysis with acute coronary syndrome.","authors":"Enmin Xie, Yaxin Wu, Zixiang Ye, Xuecheng Zhao, Yike Li, Nan Shen, FanFan Wang, Yanxiang Gao, Jingang Zheng","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association of the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) and all-cause mortality as well as cardiovascular mortality in patients on dialysis with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Furthermore, we explored the incremental prognostic value of incorporating the FAR into the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively enrolled 1035 patients on dialysis with ACS between January 2015 and June 2021. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was cardiovascular mortality. Multivariate Cox regression model, restricted cubic spline analysis, and C-statistic were performed to evaluate the prognostic value of FAR on outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a median follow-up of 21.8 months, 369 (35.7%) patients died, including 250 cardiovascular deaths. Patients with the highest FAR tertile had significantly increased risks of all-cause mortality (46.1% vs 27.8%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.790; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.372-2.336) and cardiovascular mortality (33.0% vs 16.5%; adjusted HR, 2.086; 95% CI, 1.496-2.908) compared to those in the lowest tertile. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a J-shaped association between the FAR and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, with HRs increasing significantly when the FAR exceeded 94.15. Furthermore, integrating the FAR into the GRACE score significantly improved its predictive accuracy for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, as measured by C-statistic, continuous net reclassification index, and integrated discriminatory index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients on dialysis with ACS, the FAR was independently associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Incorporating the FAR might improve the predictive accuracy of the GRACE score in patients on dialysis with ACS.</p>","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"915-924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of miRNAs in inborn error of metabolism and treatment strategies.","authors":"Harun Bayrak, Parisa Sharafi, Ahmet Ç Özketen, Mustafa Kılıç","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgae201","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgae201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolism is the name given to all of the chemical reactions in the cell involving thousands of proteins, including enzymes, receptors, and transporters. Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are caused by defects in the production and breakdown of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules, ⁓19-25 nucleotides long, hairpin-shaped, produced from DNA. They play key roles in regulating gene expression of target mRNAs at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Altered expression of miRNAs has emerged as an additional molecular mechanism implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, this altered miRNA expression is also present in inherited metabolic diseases. A single miRNA can regulate targets associated with similar cellular processes and pathways, making miRNAs powerful therapeutics to restore the impaired cellular functions seen in disease phenotypes by enhancing the cellular response. Although the miRNA research field has advanced significantly in recent years, studies in IEM are still limited. Further research on miRNA expression specifically related to IEM may allow the identification of new biomarkers for the diagnosis, progression, and prognosis of diseases. In this review, the literature studies between miRNAs and IEMs, diagnosis, prognosis, follow-up, and treatment possibilities of miRNAs were analyzed. We present recent advances on miRNAs in IEM and an overview of current miRNA therapeutics for the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":"101 1199","pages":"791-803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the wireless wearable monitoring system improves the turnaround time in gastrointestinal endoscopy center.","authors":"Bo Zhu, Yu Huang, Yi Liu, Min Wang, Ling Liu","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf103","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate whether the wireless monitoring system can reduce the turnaround time in gastrointestinal endoscopy center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Enrolled patients were randomly allocated to the study or control group. The primary outcome was the turnaround time. The secondary outcomes included the total time from entering examination room to discharge (T1), the total time of monitoring mean arterial pressure (T5), incidences of hypotension, bradycardia, and hypoxia, evaluation of the medical staff, and rate of effective monitoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>166 patients were analyzed. The turnaround time of study group was significantly shorter than that of control group (1.49 ± 1.82 vs. 4.78 ± 3.77 min, P < .001). The study group had a significantly shorter T1 (44.69 ± 4.54 vs. 49.49 ± 5.53 min, P < .001), but a longer T5 (44.39 ± 4.38 vs. 42.21 ± 4.97 min, P = .012). The medical staff gave higher scores to the wireless monitoring system in terms of practicability and application value (P < .05), but gave equally high evaluations on data reliability (P > .05). The rate of effective monitoring was acceptable in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Application of the wireless monitoring system in an endoscopy center is feasible and acceptable, and improves the turnaround time.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 19 April 2024 (ChiCTR2400083277).</p>","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"873-879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes and obesity susceptibility genes: a cross-sectional analysis of methylation patterns from Karachi, Pakistan.","authors":"Syeda Sadia Fatima, Asad Saulat Fatimi, Manzar Abbas, Unab I Khan","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf016","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose of study: &lt;/strong&gt;Environmental factors are pivotal in shaping disease outcomes for obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS), especially in the Pakistani population. This study aimed to determine whether promoter methylation levels of 12 diabetes and obesity susceptibility genes are associated with MetS phenotypes and risk of T2DM in Pakistani individuals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional study was undertaken whereby methylation-specific PCR assays were conducted on 203 adult subjects recruited from the community in Karachi, Pakistan. Participants were stratified into four groups based on their metabolic health and BMI (MOU n = 39, MHO n = 43, MUHNW n = 51, MHNW n = 70). Biochemical and biophysical data were statistically analyzed to determine the association of methylation levels with MetS phenotypes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Low chemerin promoter methylation was observed in metabolically unhealthy participants, irrespective of BMI, while higher methylation levels were observed for POMC and PCSK1. Unsupervised machine learning showed that the methylation status of Chemerin, IGF2, POMC, PCSK1 (P &lt; .001), and FNDC (P &lt; .05) was independently linked with the risk of developing MetS. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed distinct genetic clusters that partially aligned with the original MetS and BMI categories, indicating the presence of unique genetic profiles and the potential misdiagnosis of high-risk individuals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Chemerin, IGF2, POMC, PCSK1, and FNDC's methylation status shows independently linked trends with the risk of developing MetS and obesity. Distinct genetic clusters for MUHNW and MHO exhibit similar phenotypic profiles, implying misdiagnosis risks and comparable risks of developing cardiometabolic disorders in the future. Large-scale methylation studies are needed to confirm the association. Key message What is already known on this topic:  Genetic susceptibility contributes significantly to complex disorders like obesity, diabetes, and MetS. Prior research has highlighted the role of genetic polymorphisms but hasn't extensively explored the influence of promoter methylation in Pakistani populations. Understanding genetic and epigenetic factors in disease etiology is crucial for tailored interventions, particularly in populations with diverse genetic backgrounds and environmental exposures. What this study adds:  Distinct trends of methylation patterns were observed in genes like Chemerin, IGF2, POMC, PCSK1, and FNDC, independently linked with MetS and obesity risk. Potential misdiagnosis risks and comparable risks of developing cardiometabolic disorders in individuals with metabolically unhealthy normal weight individuals and metabolically healthy phenotypes were observed. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy:  Incorporating epigenetic biomarkers into risk assessment algorithms could enhance disease prediction accuracy a","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"854-862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic insights into visceral obesity with health conditions, from disease susceptibility to therapeutic intervention.","authors":"Genshan Zhang, Baolin Han, Yanghui Chen, Wei Jiang, Jie Fu, Xiangshang Xu, Xuelai Luo, Zhixin Cao","doi":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/postmj/qgaf004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between visceral obesity and various disease traits, as well as to identify potential safe targets for the prevention and treatment of visceral obesity.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to examine the associations between visceral obesity and 1883 disease traits. Furthermore, we assessed the potential effect of 1684 protein expressions on visceral obesity using the available quantitative trait locus data for plasma proteins. To evaluate the potential safety profiles associated with biomarker intervention, we conducted phenome-wide MR using 1883 outcomes, focusing on the significant biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Visceral obesity was significantly associated with elevated risks of 183 disease traits across multiple systems, such as endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, musculoskeletal, and genitourinary systems. Higher genetically predicted levels of GCKR, CYB5A, ITPKA, and ENTPD6 were found to increase the risk of visceral obesity, while 1433B, SEMA3G, FOXO3, and HAPLN4 were associated with a decreased risk of visceral obesity. The results of the phenome-wide MR analysis indicate that CYB5A, ENTPD6, 1433B, and HAPLN4 can potentially be safe and effective drug targets for visceral obesity treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicates visceral obesity is associated with an increased risk of diseases within various physiological systems, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, and endocrine systems. The circulatory proteome reveals eight novel biomarkers for visceral obesity intervention, with CYB5A, ENTPD6, 1433B, and HAPLN4 displaying particular potential as safe and effective drug targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":20374,"journal":{"name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"804-813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}