{"title":"Thermal stability of thermoelectric properties for nondoped PbTe","authors":"K. Tanaka, H. Kohri, I. Shiota, I. Nishida","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979845","url":null,"abstract":"The undoped PbTe compounds were prepared by the vertical Bridgman method. Hall coefficient R/sub H/ and /spl rho/ were measured by a d.c. four-terminal method. The temperature dependence of /spl rho/ and R/sub H/ were measured in the temperature range from 700 to 300K in an Ar atmosphere. PbTe showed p-type conduction at 300K and was transformed to n-type conduction at about 500K. No thermal hysteresis was observed in the temperature dependence of /spl rho/ for the heating temperature below 500K at slower cooling rates than 8.88/spl times/10/sup -2/K/s and at cooling rates above 6.45/spl times/10/sup -1/ K/s from 700K. The thermal hysteresis in the temperature dependence of /spl rho/ was confirmed at a slower cooling rate than 8.88/spl times/10/sup -2/K/s at temperatures higher than 600K. The Hall concentration of a specimen which showed thermal hysteresis in the /spl rho/-curve at the slow cooling rate of 8.88/spl times/10/sup -2/K/s from 700K was found to be 1.25/spl times/10/sup 24//m/sup 3/ smaller, 1/3 of that with no thermal hysteresis.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"25 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123293095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temperature dependent structural and thermoelectric properties of Cs/sub 8/Na/sub 16/Si/sub 136/ and Cs/sub 8/Na/sub 16/Ge/sub 136/","authors":"G. Nolas, D. VanDerveer, A. Wilkinson, J. Cohn","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979881","url":null,"abstract":"The temperature dependence of the atomic displacement parameters (ADPs) determined from single crystal x-ray diffraction data for Cs/sub 8/Na/sub 16/Si/sub 136/ and Cs/sub 8/Na/sub 16/Ge/sub 136/ as well as the thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline specimens is reported. Anomalously large values of the ADPs for the alkali-metal atoms are revealed. These data indicate that a large amount of dynamic disorder is associated with the \"rattling\" alkali-metal atoms inside the two different polyhedra that makeup the clathrate framework. Transport measurements show that these compounds are metallic conductors. The potential of type II clathrate materials for thermoelectric applications is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124663460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of a p-type Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ and n-type Bi/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ thin film thermocouple","authors":"H. Zou, D. M. Rowe, S.G.K. Williams","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979895","url":null,"abstract":"A thin film Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 3/-Bi/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ based thermocouple was fabricated. P-type antimony telluride thin films and n-type bismuth telluride thin films have been deposited by co-evaporation on to glass substrates. The conditions for deposition have been investigated as a function of substrate temperature (T/sub s/) and flux ratio (F/sub r/ = F(Te)/F(Sb,Bi)) and optimised to achieve a high thermoelectric power factor. The qualities of deposited films, e.g. structure, composition and morphology, have been examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The thermoelectric properties of the thin films have been studied by room temperature measurement of the Seebeck coefficient, Hall coefficient and electrical resistivity. It has been observed that the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of p-type Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ thin film (/spl alpha//sub p/, /spl sigma//sub p/) and n-type Bi/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ thin films (/spl alpha//sub n/, /spl sigma//sub n/) were found to be about 185 /spl mu/V/K, 0.32 /spl times/ 10/sup 3/ /spl Omega//sup -1/ cm/sup -1/ and -228 /spl mu/V/K, 0.77 /spl times/ 10/sup 3/ /spl Omega//sup -1/ cm/sup -1/, respectively. From optimal deposition parameters, a thin film thermocouple was fabricated and operated in Peltier mode. The observed maximum value for temperature difference between hot and cold end is about 15 K for a current of 50 mA. The results indicate that good quality antimony telluride and bismuth telluride thin films grown by co-evaporation are promising candidates for use in a micro-Peltier module.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114966503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Growth of PbTe crystals for thermoelectric applications","authors":"Xu Jiayue, Zhang Aiqiong","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979844","url":null,"abstract":"A modified vertical Bridgman method was performed to grow PbTe single crystals for thermoelectric applications. A quartz ampoule was used as the crucible with the dimensions of 31 mm in inner diameter and 425 mm in length. PbTe was synthesized in the sealed crucible then grown at a rate of 0.1-0.3 mm/hr. The as-grown boule contained several large crystal grains and the largest size of the grain is 14 /spl times/ 22 /spl times/ 30 mm/sup 3/. The PbTe crystal has cubic structure determined by X-ray diffraction.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130691037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An electro-thermal model of thermoelectric modules in heat pump and cooling mode (CHIM model)","authors":"W. Chimchavee, J. Khedari, J. Hirunlabh","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979929","url":null,"abstract":"An electro-thermal model of thermoelectric (TE) modules, for the analysis of a heat pump system and cooling system under steady state is presented. The model is a combination of electro-thermal parts. Simulations were run by the PSPICE program. Its main advantage is simplicity as working points of the TE system i.e., current, thermal resistance of heat exchanger and the temperature difference between cold junction and hot junction of thermoelectric modules are easily determined. The CHIM model was checked by the two port method. Its output provides the same outcome as that conducted by a mathematical model that validated the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134531466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Vedernikov, O. Uryupin, B. Goltsman, Y. Ivanov, Y. Kumzerov
{"title":"Experimental study of thermoelectric properties of InSb nanowires","authors":"M. Vedernikov, O. Uryupin, B. Goltsman, Y. Ivanov, Y. Kumzerov","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979906","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental investigation of thermoelectric properties of nanowires with diameter of about 5 nm has been carried out. Chrysotile asbestos (the natural mineral) was used for a sample preparation. Its nano-sized channels were filled in by melted InSb. The measurements have shown that temperature dependencies of electrical resistance and thermopower of produced quantum wire structures differ considerably from corresponding dependencies of bulk InSb. It has been noted that the obtained results are better described by Luttinger liquid model than by the usual Fermi gas one.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134148870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of structures and compositions on thermoelectric properties of silicon borides","authors":"M. Mukaida, T. Tsunoda, M. Ueda, Y. Imai","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979874","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon borides have excellent potential as high-temperature thermoelectric devices because of their high melting point and relatively large Seebeck coefficient. In the present work, the silicon borides were prepared by CVD, a melting and a sintering method. CVD was used for preparing samples to measure the intrinsic characteristics of the silicon borides. On the other hand, a melting and a sintering method were used for adding some elements (Fe, Cr, Co, Ni) to the silicon borides. CVD was attempted by high-frequency (80kHz) induction heating, and the samples were deposited on graphite substrates at the substrate temperatures from 1188 to 1616 K under the total pressures in the CVD chamber of 2.7 kPa. Sintered samples were prepared by a pressing from powder raw materials, and the pressed pellets were sintered at 1723 K for 2 hours in an electric furnace. The crystal structures of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Electrical properties such as Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and Hall effect were measured. The Seebeck coefficient of the boride reached about 400 /spl mu/VK/sup -1/, and the electrical conductivity was above 30000 Sm/sup -1/. The values of carrier mobility were less than 0.1 cm/sup -2/V/sup -1/s/sup -1/.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133393538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of Skutterudites","authors":"Koji Akai, K. Koga, K. Oshiro, Matsuura Mitsuru","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979830","url":null,"abstract":"Thermoelectric properties on Yb filled skutterudite antimonides are calculated by using a realistic band structure and discussed from the point of view of electronic structure. The electronic structure is calculated by the full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FLAPW) method with the local density approximation (LDA). In the band structure calculation of YbFe/sub 4/Sb/sub 12/ the 4f electron is treated by two ways: one is as itinerant electron, another is as localized electron in the Yb ion. In the itinerant case Yb ion shows mixed valence between divalent and trivalent, in the localized case trivalent. In both cases the band structure near Fermi level is characterized by Fe: 3d orbital. The band structure of YbCo/sub 4/Sb/sub 12/ is calculated as Yb-filling CoSb/sub 3/, which is a n-type material. The f orbital of the Yb ion is strongly hybridized with the valence band, the conduction band near the bottom affects 6s and 5d of Yb atomic orbital. Electronic transport coefficients are calculated within relaxation time approximation using the linearized Boltzmann equation. Then the electron velocity is calculated by the Fourier interpolation method. The calculated coefficient of thermoelectric power /spl alpha//T is 0.07 /spl mu/V/K/sup 2/ at room temperatures, which is about 1/2 of the experimental value.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"80 2-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133124260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nedelcu, M. Sima, T. Vişan, T. Pascu, I. Franga, F. Craciunoiu
{"title":"Bi/sub 2-x/Sb/sub x/Te/sub 3/ thick thermoelectric films obtained by electrodeposition from hydrochloric acid solutions","authors":"M. Nedelcu, M. Sima, T. Vişan, T. Pascu, I. Franga, F. Craciunoiu","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979897","url":null,"abstract":"A method to produce composition modulated Bi/sub 2-x/Sb/sub x/Te/sub 3/ alloys by electrodeposition has been developed. The electrolyte, which consists in a HCl 6M (pH = 0) aqueous solution, allows the codeposition of bismuth, antimony and tellurium to be accomplished at room temperature on glassy carbon, platinum or nickel electrode. The composition of the films, their crystal structures and morphology were studied as function of electrochemical parameters and bath composition. It is shown that the electrodeposits are monophasic and exhibit a polycrystalline state. The electrical resistivity was of the order of 7-10 m/spl Omega/cm, whereas the electrodeposition rate value was 30-50 /spl mu/m/h for the films with good thermoelectric properties.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116753706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phase diagram calculations of multicomponent systems, a tool for tailoring thermoelectric materials","authors":"J. Tedenac, R. Marin-Ayral, D. Ravot, M. Record","doi":"10.1109/ICT.2001.979909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2001.979909","url":null,"abstract":"Performance enhancement of thermoelectric modules can be obtained by a good knowledge of the materials constitution involved in their fabrication. It depends on a relevant thermodynamic analysis of the material. In this paper we present a computational approach of the phase equilibria in multicomponent systems used in thermoelectric materials: phase diagrams useful for lead telluride materials and build up of a thermodynamic database useful for thermoelectric applications such as skutterudites.","PeriodicalId":203601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings ICT2001. 20 International Conference on Thermoelectrics (Cat. No.01TH8589)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134381962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}