Preventive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Chronic conditions, COVID-19 vaccination, and institutional trust among Hispanic/Latinx communities in San Diego, California","authors":"Samantha Streuli ,&nbsp;Argentina E. Servin ,&nbsp;Linda Salgin ,&nbsp;Fatima A. Muñoz ,&nbsp;Davey M. Smith ,&nbsp;Jamila K. Stockman ,&nbsp;Sophie E. O'Bryan ,&nbsp;Daniel Ramirez ,&nbsp;Cynthia James-Price ,&nbsp;Britt Skaathun","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hispanic/Latinx populations have been disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. These populations are also more likely to have chronic conditions, putting them at higher risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Vaccination is important to reduce the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, but Hispanic/Latinx populations may be less likely to vaccinate due to institutional trust related to experiences of discrimination in healthcare and community disinvestment. Project 2VIDA! is a randomized clinical trial developed to respond to the need for increased trust and vaccine access among these populations in San Diego, California. Analyzing 2VIDA! data, this article seeks to better understand the relationship between chronic health conditions, institutional trust, and vaccination behaviors among a predominantly Hispanic/Latinx sample in San Diego.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a secondary analysis of baseline survey data collected from July 2021–June 2023 during 2VIDA! We used ordered logistic regression to understand the relationship between chronic conditions, institutional trust, and vaccination among participants.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings show that participants aged 36 or older, women, those who indicated higher institutional trust in healthcare and health information, and those with one or more chronic conditions had higher odds of receiving more vaccinations. Participants who took the survey in Spanish had lower odds of vaccination (compared to English).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that widespread communication on the importance of vaccination for older Hispanic/Latinx populations with chronic conditions may have supported vaccination uptake. Targeted messaging and community-based approaches to build trust, combat misinformation, and increase vaccination uptake among younger individuals and Spanish-speakers are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 108240"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143232970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximity to public transportation and incidence of depression risk among older adults: A three-year longitudinal analysis from the Japan Gerontological evaluation study","authors":"Kazuki Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Masamichi Hanazato ,&nbsp;Yu-Ru Chen ,&nbsp;Yoko Matsuoka ,&nbsp;Yuta Mori ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Yoshida ,&nbsp;Katsunori Kondo","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Depression in older adults has been associated with environmental factors, such as green spaces and walkable neighborhoods; however, evidence on the relationship between proximity to public transportation and mental health is scarce. This multi-municipality longitudinal study examined the association between proximity to public transportation and risk of depression among older adults and considered car usage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from 4947 functionally independent adults, aged 65 years and older who resided in 25 municipalities across Japan. Data were obtained via the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study in 2016 and 2019. We assessed depression over three years in older adults without depression at baseline via the Geriatric Depression Scale-15. We subjectively and objectively measured their proximity to public transportation. Logistic regression analyses were performed, adjusted for covariates, with analyses stratified by car usage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the participants, 9.76 % developed depression over a three-year period. Those without car usage and with reported lack of proximal public transport exhibited a higher incidence of depression (OR = 1.60, 95 %CI: 1.05–2.42) compared with those who had better access. No significant association was observed in the car user group. Furthermore, no significant association was observed in the analysis that used objective measures with Geographic Information System (GIS) data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Subjective limited access to public transport was significantly associated with the risk of depression among older adults without car usage. Hence, improving and maintaining transportation infrastructure may mitigate the risk of depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is elimination of cervical cancer in sight in England?","authors":"Clare Gilham,&nbsp;Julian Peto","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The age-standardised rate of cervical cancer is 8.5 per 100,000 in England, double the WHO “elimination” goal of 4.0 per 100,000, despite England being close to the target coverage for both HPV vaccination and cervical screening. Our aim was to see whether trends in mortality and incidence rates suggest that England is on the path to elimination.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We discuss trends in mortality since 1953 by birth cohort, and cancer and cancer-in-situ incidence since 2000 by age group in relation to screening and vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mortality trends suggest a steep decline in HPV prevalence from women born in the 1880s to those born in the 1930s followed by a continuing increase. Cancer incidence and mortality then fell steeply after the introduction of national screening in 1988. Since 2004 women were invited for their first screen at age 25. From 2000-2004 to 2010-2014 invasive cancer incidence at age 25–29 doubled and mortality increased by 77 %. From 2015 to 2022 cervical cancer incidence fell by 90 % below age 25 and by 80 % at age 25–29 following the introduction of HPV vaccination for girls born since 1991.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Raising the age of starting screening from 20 to 25 transiently increased incidence and mortality in women born 1984-1990. Vaccination may enable the NHS to reach its target for cervical cancer incidence of 4.0 per 100,000 by 2040. Whether the switch from cytology to primary HPV testing in 2019 will reduce rates among unvaccinated women born before 1991 is not yet clear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported chronic rhinosinusitis diagnoses and symptoms in World Trade Center-exposed and non-World Trade Center-exposed United States firefighters","authors":"Ankura Singh ,&nbsp;Rachel Zeig-Owens ,&nbsp;Mayris P. Webber ,&nbsp;Alexandra K. Mueller ,&nbsp;David J. Prezant","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Greater World Trade Center (WTC) exposure levels have been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) diagnoses and symptoms. We aimed to determine whether self-reported CRS is elevated in WTC-exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters when compared with non-WTC-exposed/non-FDNY firefighters and with the general population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included male WTC-exposed (<em>N</em> = 7840) and non-WTC-exposed (<em>N</em> = 2771) firefighters who were employed on 9/11/2001 and later completed a health survey. Self-reported CRS diagnoses and symptoms were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression analyses estimated the odds of self-reported ever CRS diagnosis and current symptoms in WTC-exposed vs. non-WTC-exposed firefighters. Additional analyses compared self-reported current CRS diagnoses in firefighters vs. American males. Models were adjusted for demographics, smoking, and BMI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-one percent of WTC-exposed firefighters reported ever having a CRS diagnosis vs. 20 % of non-WTC-exposed firefighters (adjusted-OR = 3.84, 95 % CI = 3.44–4.28). WTC-exposure was also associated with specific rhinosinusitis symptoms, including nasal/sinus congestion (adjusted-OR = 1.17, 95 % CI = 1.06–1.29), nose irritation (adjusted-OR = 1.48, 95 % CI = 1.24–1.76), and sinus pain/pressure (adjusted-OR = 1.42, 95 % CI = 1.26–1.60). Both WTC-exposed (adjusted-OR = 3.84, 95 % CI = 3.46–4.27) and non-WTC-exposed firefighters (adjusted-OR = 1.97, 95 % CI = 1.71–2.27) were more likely to report a current CRS diagnosis than similar adult males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>WTC-exposure was associated with self-reported CRS diagnoses and symptoms in firefighters. Higher CRS diagnosis prevalence in the WTC-exposed cohort could be a result of exposure to irritants present at the WTC site, and may also be explained, in part, by the enhanced surveillance and healthcare WTC-exposed firefighters receive via the WTC Health Program. Elevated levels of CRS in firefighters overall could be due to routine, non-WTC-related firefighting exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences and adult alcohol use during pregnancy — 41 U.S. jurisdictions, 2019–2023","authors":"Shawn A. Thomas ,&nbsp;Nicholas P. Deputy ,&nbsp;Amy Board ,&nbsp;Clark H. Denny ,&nbsp;Angie S. Guinn ,&nbsp;Kathryn Miele ,&nbsp;Janae Dunkley ,&nbsp;Shin Y. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are preventable, potentially traumatic events that occur in childhood. Alcohol use during pregnancy can result in miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm birth, and a range of lifelong behavioral, intellectual, and physical disabilities in the child. Limited research has examined the relationship between ACEs and alcohol use in pregnancy; available studies might not reflect current trends in this relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using 2019–2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 41 U.S. jurisdictions, the prevalence of self-reported current alcohol use among pregnant persons aged 18–49 years (<em>N</em> = 2371) was estimated by ACEs and selected characteristics. We calculated unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for the relationship between ACEs and alcohol use during pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of current alcohol use was 16.2 % (95 % CI = 11.5–20.9) among pregnant persons who reported experiencing four or more ACEs, and 8.6 % (95 % CI = 5.7–11.5) among those who reported no ACEs. When adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, pregnant persons who reported four or more ACEs were more likely to report current alcohol use compared to those who reported no ACEs (aPR = 1.8, 95 % CI = 1.1–2.9). Individually, pregnant persons who experienced emotional abuse (aPR = 1.9, 95 % CI = 1.3–2.7) and witnessed intimate partner violence (aPR = 1.6, 95 % CI = 1.1–2.4) were more likely to use alcohol during pregnancy compared to pregnant persons who did not report experiencing these ACEs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher ACE exposure was associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. Steps can be taken to mitigate their potential harms. Clinical and community-level interventions can address ACEs, which might reduce alcohol use during pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Binge drinking and subsequent health and well-being among middle-aged Spanish adults: An outcome-wide analysis","authors":"Rafael Perez-Araluce ,&nbsp;Maira Bes-Rastrollo ,&nbsp;Alfredo Gea ,&nbsp;Miguel Angel Martínez-González ,&nbsp;Tyler J. VanderWeele ,&nbsp;Ying Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Binge drinking has been associated with higher risks of adverse physical health outcomes. Motivations behind binge drinking may involve seeking pleasure and social connectedness, which are important aspects of life that constitute well-being. However, studies that apply a holistic framework of well-being to understand binge drinking remain limited, especially in non-English speaking populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using longitudinal data from the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) Cohort (<em>n</em> = 2837 Spanish university graduates, 51% women, mean age [SD] = 54 [12] years, data collected from March 1999 to July 2022), this study examined the association of binge drinking with a wide range of subsequent psychological well-being, mental health, physical health, and health behaviour outcomes over a four-year follow-up period. A set of regression models were used, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, total alcohol consumption and pre-baseline values of the outcome variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Binge drinkers reported a higher mean level of positive relations with others (standardized <em>β</em> = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.24) than non-binge drinkers. However, binge drinking was associated with several adverse health outcomes such as higher risks of obesity (RR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.09 to 3.19), major cardiovascular events (RR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.04 to 5.82), and unfavourable health behaviours (e.g., a longer screen time by 2.85 hours/week, 95% CI: 0.46 to 5.23).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study provides novel insights into the complex and multifaceted relationship of binge drinking with health and well-being. Further research will enhance our understandings of binge drinking and inform culturally appropriate interventions that effectively mitigate its negative consequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for stomach, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers among Armenians in California","authors":"Ani S. Movsisyan Vernon ,&nbsp;Laura Fejerman ,&nbsp;Jeffrey S. Hoch ,&nbsp;Theresa H. Keegan","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To observe stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for common cancers among Armenians in California.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used the Armenian Surname List and birthplace information in the California Cancer Registry to identify Armenians with stomach, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers diagnosed during 1988–2019. We used multivariable logistic regression models to calculate odds of late-stage diagnoses among Armenian and non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients and examine the association of sociodemographic factors with late-stage diagnoses among the Armenian patient population. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate cancer-specific survival among Armenian patients compared to non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 639,224 cancer diagnoses identified, 6642 were among Armenian patients. Armenian individuals were more likely to be diagnosed with late-stage colorectal (OR = 1.12, 95 % CI = 1.03–1.22), lung (OR = 1.26, 95 % CI = 1.12–1.42), and stomach (OR = 1.43, 95 % CI = 1.17–1.74) cancers. Among Armenian patients, low nSES and public insurance were associated with late-stage diagnoses. Armenian individuals had better survival than non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White individuals for stomach (HR = 0.85, 95 % CI = 0.76–0.94), lung (HR = 0.86, 95 % CI = 0.82–0.91), colorectal (HR = 0.82, 95 % CI = 0.77–0.88), and bladder (HR = 0.87, 95 % CI = 0.76–0.99) cancers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While Armenian patients were at greater risk of late-stage diagnoses of colorectal, lung, and stomach cancers, they had better survival compared to non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients. Further research is needed to understand factors impacting survival in Armenian individuals, including genetic, behavioral, and social factors. Our findings of lower nSES and public health insurance associated with late-stage diagnoses suggest a need for increased access to care and cancer screening among the Armenian population in California.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the determinants to accept dementia screening among patients at high risk of dementia based on the theory of planned behavior: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Li Tang ,&nbsp;Zhuang Zhuang ,&nbsp;Meilin Luo ,&nbsp;Yuting Cai ,&nbsp;Qiyuan Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dementia represents a major public health challenge. Despite numerous initiatives promoting screening for early cognitive impairment to help prevent or delay its onset, participation remains limited. Moreover, there is limited evidence regarding screening intentions and predictors among populations at high risk of dementia. This study used the theory of planned behavior to identify modifiable factors associated with screening participation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 16, 2021, to April 2, 2022, and involved 439 individuals at high risk of dementia selected using convenience sampling from two major regional communities in Guangzhou, China. A validated custom questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior was used for data collection, and logistic regression and structural equation modeling were applied to identify related predictors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 62 % of the participants expressed willingness to undergo dementia screening. Behavioral intention was primarily associated with Perceived behavioral control (PBC, path coefficient = 0.36), Subjective norm (path coefficient = 0.16), and Attitude (path coefficient = 0.13). Additionally, PBC was associated with a positive attitude toward dementia screening (path coefficient = 0.39).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PBC, subjective norm, and attitudes are associated with dementia screening willingness among high-risk groups. Healthcare professionals and policymakers should focus on enhancing favorable attitudes toward screening, increasing familial encouragement, and reducing perceived barriers to developing effective prevention or intervention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142966438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to recommended blood-based screening tests for cancer and chronic diseases: A systematic literature review","authors":"Quang A. Le ,&nbsp;Takako Kiener ,&nbsp;Heather A. Johnson ,&nbsp;Kevin H. Li ,&nbsp;Paul J. Limburg ,&nbsp;A. Mark Fendrick ,&nbsp;John B. Kisiel ,&nbsp;Derek W. Ebner","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Blood-based tests represent a compelling option for early detection and management of cancers and other chronic diseases. While they may increase patient engagement, assumptions about greater adherence in clinical practice need further evaluation. This systematic review aimed to evaluate real-world adherence to established blood-based tests for commonly recommended screening indications to inform expectations for average-risk colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive and systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and citations was conducted to identify literature published from 2010 to 2023. Included studies examined adherence to United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) grade A/B blood test recommendations for type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing adherence for prostate cancer screening (grade C USPSTF recommendation), the only widely accessible blood-based single-cancer screening test for average-risk adults, was also included. Studies without venipuncture-derived blood were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 53,067 articles, 69 were included. Adherence rates of blood-based screening tests were highly variable, with median values and interquartile range (IQR) of 66.3 % (59.2–71.1), 67.8 % (54.4–72.4), 34 % (21.9–50.5), and 36.8 % (29.1–59.1) for diabetes, dyslipidemia, HCV, and HIV, respectively. PSA testing adherence was 37.2 % (30–48.5). Information and selection bias were common risks of bias.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Real-world adherence to recommended blood-based screening is suboptimal. Future research is needed to determine whether these findings are generalizable to blood-based CRC screening and to assess how such a strategy could impact clinical, economic, and health equity outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long working hours and cardiovascular disease mortality: Prospective evidence from the United States","authors":"Yiran Gu ,&nbsp;Timothy A. Matthews ,&nbsp;Jian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States (U.S.). This study aimed to explore prospective associations between long working hours with CVD mortality using a large, national study in the U.S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the Midlife in the U.S. (MIDUS) Study were used, including 4051 currently employed participants without prior experience of myocardial infarction or stroke at baseline in 1995–1996. Working hours were categorized into: &lt;35 h/week, 35–40 h/week (reference), 41–48 h/week, 49–54 h/week, and ≥ 55 h/week. Mortality data were extracted from the National Death Index (NDI) through Spring 2021. Cox proportional hazards regression was applied to analyze the prospective associations between working hours at baseline and CVD mortality, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Stratified analyses by socioeconomic status (i.e., education and financial situation) were also conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Long working hours (≥55 h/week) were significantly associated with increased CVD mortality (adjusted HR 1.50; 95 % CI 1.03–2.17) compared to the reference group. Subgroup analyses showed that individuals with low education level or poor financial situation had a higher risk of CVD mortality when working long hours.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Long working hours are a significant risk factor for CVD mortality in this national sample of U.S. workers, and participants with low socioeconomic status are more vulnerable to the effects of long working hours on CVD deaths. These findings highlight the need for considering working hour interventions in public health strategies to improve cardiovascular health outcomes in the workforce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 108225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}