Preventive medicine最新文献

{"title":"The impact of news photographs on drug-related stigma: A randomized message testing experiment in a National Sample of US Adults","authors":"Jeffrey K. Hom ,&nbsp;Kathryn Heley ,&nbsp;Sachini Bandara ,&nbsp;Alene Kennedy-Hendricks","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To measure the impact of drug-related news photographs on public attitudes toward people who use drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this survey-embedded randomized experiment, conducted among a national sample of US adults between March and April 2024, participants were randomized to one of eight experimental groups and exposed to a drug-related photo (featuring a person injecting drugs, being revived from an overdose, receiving treatment or in recovery, or a family member of an overdose decedent) or a no-exposure control group. Logistic regression models assessed differences in stigma, emotions, and support for substance use disorder (SUD) services between each experimental group and the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 3461 participants, the mean age was 49 years and 51.3 % were female. Most participants (63.8 %) were non-Hispanic white, 11.3 % were non-Hispanic Black, 17.1 % were Hispanic, and 7.7 % reported another race/ethnicity. Compared to the control group, participants exposed to a photo of a person in recovery from SUD had an 8.9 percentage point (95 % CI 2.9, 14.9) greater probability of being willing to work closely with a person with SUD, with similar estimates for other stigma measures. Participants exposed to a photo of a person injecting drugs had a 14.1 percentage point (95 % CI 7.7, 20.5) greater probability of expressing disgust, with a similar estimate for pity. No photo was associated with significantly greater support for services.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Photos published by news media shape public attitudes; images of individuals recovery have the potential to counteract negative stereotypes about people with SUD.</div><div><strong>Trial Registration:</strong> This study is registered at <span><span>www.clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> <span><span>NCT06743178</span><svg><path></path></svg></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social network characteristics and type 2 diabetes self-management among Black/African American men: A cross-sectional analysis of support quality and communication patterns","authors":"Tyler Prochnow ,&nbsp;Megan S. Patterson ,&nbsp;Jeong-Hui Park ,&nbsp;Ledric D. Sherman ,&nbsp;Matthew Lee Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Social networks and social support are critically important for Black/African American men managing Type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aims to examine how social network characteristics are associated with T2D self-management among Black/African American men.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional survey data were collected from Black/African American men with T2D (<em>n</em> = 1225) from February to June 2024. Network composition included percentages of spouses, children, parents, siblings, friends, extended family, and healthcare providers. Network interaction measures included communication frequency, support quality, and perceptions of network members' health behaviors. Self-care activities were measured using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities scale across diet, physical activity, blood sugar testing, and foot care domains. Multiple regression analyses examined associations between network characteristics and each self-management domain while controlling for demographics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Diabetes-specific communication frequency was consistently positively associated with all self-care activities (β from 0.09 to 0.18,<em>p</em> &lt; .05). Having very supportive network members was positively associated with diet (β = 0.17,<em>p</em> &lt; .01) and physical activity (β = 0.20,p &lt; .01), though mean social network support showed negative associations with these behaviors (β = −0.13,<em>p</em> = .03; β = −0.14,p = .03). Higher percentages of children were associated with better dietary behaviors (β = 0.06,<em>p</em> = .04), while having spouses (β = 0.06,p = .04), friends (β = 0.06,<em>p</em> = .03), and siblings (β = 0.06,p = .04) was associated with better foot care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The quality and content of network interactions appear more important than network size for T2D self-management among Black/African American men. Interventions should focus on fostering quality, disease-specific support rather than expanding social networks. Future programs should leverage existing relationships while considering how different network members influence specific aspects of diabetes management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108292"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between state tobacco control measures and cigarette purchases by U.S. households, 2015–2021","authors":"Rishika Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Carla Berg ,&nbsp;Sabrina Zhang ,&nbsp;Debra Bernat ,&nbsp;Y. Tony Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>While effects of key tobacco control policies are well-documented, limited research has explored their varying associations across different policy contexts over time. This is crucial given the diverse and evolving tobacco control contexts across states and over time. We evaluated the association between state-level tobacco control measures and cigarette purchases in the US from 2015 to 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed NielsenIQ Consumer Panel data from 10,187 households that purchased cigarettes in 2015–2021. State-level tobacco control policy scores for smoke-free laws, taxes, prevention/control funding, and cessation services were obtained from the American Lung Association's State of Tobacco Control reports. Censored regression models, reporting adjusted beta estimates and 95 % confidence intervals (CI), estimated the associations between each tobacco control measure and annual household cigarette purchases, adjusting for sociodemographics (household composition, marital status, age, education, race/ethnicity, annual income, and internet connection) and accounting for clustering within households and states.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher scores for smoke-free laws (adjusted beta = −1.00, 95 % CI = -1.73, −0.27), taxes (adjusted beta = −1.23, 95 % CI = -1.88, −0.58), and prevention/control funding (adjusted beta = −0.22, 95 % CI = -0.38, −0.06) were associated with fewer cigarette purchases over time. In the model considering all four measures together, higher tax score was associated with fewer cigarette purchases over time (adjusted beta = −0.96, 95 % CI = -1.73, −0.87).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Smoke-free laws, taxation, and prevention/control funding play critical roles in lowering cigarette purchases, while access to cessation services alone may not drive behavioral change. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive tobacco control efforts and renewed policy action to curb cigarette use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of suicide postvention service models and guidelines 2014–2024: A scoping review","authors":"Chandra Ramamurthy ,&nbsp;Trisnasari Fraser ,&nbsp;Karolina Krysinska ,&nbsp;Jacinta Hawgood ,&nbsp;Kairi Kõlves ,&nbsp;Lennart Reifels ,&nbsp;Nicola Reavley ,&nbsp;Karl Andriessen","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Effective suicide postvention services provide immediate and ongoing support for suicide loss survivors. This review synthesizes peer-reviewed and grey literature exploring which suicide postvention service models have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing distress and supporting recovery in families, friends, and communities impacted by suicide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The scoping review adhered to the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We conducted searches in five databases which included MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, EBM Reviews, and Web of Science for peer reviewed studies and through Google search for grey literature.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 19 peer-reviewed studies and 14 guidelines (2014-2024) from the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, which varied in measures, settings, and populations but lacked quality and generalizability. Guidelines based on theoretical models, particularly the public health model, aligned postvention with addressing the diverse needs of suicide loss survivors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The review identified potentially effective postvention components, such as the use of trained volunteers in support and therapy groups, workplace training programs and arts-based interventions, which could benefit those bereaved by suicide in Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological distress as a risk factor for incident cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity in the population-based Tromsø Study in Norway","authors":"Safak Caglayan ,&nbsp;Ole K. Grønli ,&nbsp;Anne Høye","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>It is unclear whether psychological distress is an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity. This cohort study investigated the relationship of psychological distress with incident cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All individuals who participated in the sixth survey of the Tromsø Study, conducted in Norway in 2007–2008, and completed the 10-item version of Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-10) were included. In total, 5264 individuals who had no cardiometabolic diseases, i.e. atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes, hypertension, and stroke, at baseline, and participated in the seventh survey (2015–2016) were included in the final study population. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to assess association of HSCL-10 score and clinically relevant psychological distress (HSCL-10 ≥ 1.85) with cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, 325 (6.2%) individuals had psychological distress. Psychological distress was negatively correlated with higher education, exercise frequency, and systolic blood pressure and positively correlated with smoking and alcohol use. Incidence of cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity was 23.7% (<em>N</em> = 1246) and 3.9% (<em>N</em> = 204), respectively. Psychological distress was linked to cardiometabolic disease (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.56–2.76) and multimorbidity (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.32–4.08). Furthermore, psychological distress was associated with incident atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and hypertension whereas no significant association was found with CAD and stroke. Among the psychological distress symptoms, feeling hopeless about the future was associated with incident atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and CAD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings emphasize psychological distress as an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic disease and multimorbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially preventable hospitalizations among American Indian and Alaska Native adults, 2016–2021","authors":"Bionca M. Davis ,&nbsp;Sara Bressler ,&nbsp;Andria Apostolou ,&nbsp;Dana Bruden ,&nbsp;Michael G. Bruce ,&nbsp;Marc Fischer","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Potentially preventable hospitalizations are inpatient admissions for a standard set of selected acute illnesses and chronic conditions that might have been avoided with preventive care or outpatient management. During 2010–2012, Alaska Native adults had higher rates of potentially preventable hospitalizations compared to other adults in Alaska. We evaluated potentially preventable hospitalizations among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults in the United States during 2016–2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used hospital discharge data from the Indian Health Service National Patient Information Reporting System (NPIRS) to calculate and compare average annual age-adjusted rates of potentially preventable hospitalizations per 1000 AI/AN adults for two acute conditions (community-acquired pneumonia and urinary tract infection) and four chronic conditions (diabetes, heart failure, asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and hypertension).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 310,889 hospitalizations among AI/AN adults, 40,400 (13 %) were defined as potentially preventable for an annual rate of 7.6 per 1000 persons. Rates were stable during 2016–2019 (8.7 per 1000) but declined during 2020–2021 (5.9 per 1000), likely related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults and rural residents had significantly higher rates of potentially preventable hospitalizations across all six conditions assessed, with community-acquired pneumonia having the highest hospitalization rate among adults aged ≥65 years (5.2 per 1000).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Targeted preventive care and appropriate outpatient management for AI/AN elders living in rural areas might help improve health and reduce medical costs through decreased hospitalizations. Vaccination against respiratory infections could have the greatest impact in reducing preventable hospitalizations among AI/AN adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) patient-clinician communication and HPV vaccine uptake among adults in the United States","authors":"Heather N. Owens ,&nbsp;Naomi C. Brownstein ,&nbsp;Junmin Whiting ,&nbsp;Mariana Arevalo ,&nbsp;Monica L. Kasting ,&nbsp;Susan T. Vadaparampil ,&nbsp;Katharine J. Head ,&nbsp;Shannon M. Christy","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is approved for those aged 9–45 years. However, HPV vaccine uptake remains suboptimal in the United States (U.S.), particularly among young and mid-age adults. This paper describes HPV vaccine patient-clinician communication, clinician recommendation receipt, and HPV vaccine uptake among U.S. adults who were eligible for the HPV vaccine as adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>U.S. adults up to age 45 and who were aged 18+ when the HPV vaccine was approved were recruited for an online survey (<em>n</em> = 1107) between February–March 2021. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess: (1) clinician-patient HPV vaccination discussions; (2) ever having received an HPV vaccine recommendation from a clinician; and (3) HPV vaccine uptake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-four percent of participants reported having prior HPV vaccine discussions with a clinician, 31.1 % reporting ever having received a clinician recommendation for the vaccine, and only 23.8 % reported receiving the vaccine. Receiving the HPV vaccine was positively associated with prior HPV vaccine discussions (aOR: 2.93; 95 % CI: 1.98–4.35) and ever receiving an HPV vaccine recommendation from a clinician (aOR: 10.64; 95 % CI: 7.14–15.88). Additional factors consistently associated with all three models (discussing, receiving a clinician recommendation, and vaccine uptake) include higher HPV vaccine knowledge and higher HPV vaccine embarrassment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Unvaccinated age-eligible adults represent a missed opportunity for HPV-related cancer prevention. Interventions to support clinicians providing care to young and mid-age adults are needed to increase clinician discussions and recommendations of the HPV vaccine and patient uptake of the HPV vaccine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of urinary incontinence, physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk among women in the United States","authors":"Lisa L. VanWiel ,&nbsp;Lucas J. Carr ,&nbsp;Dale S. Bond ,&nbsp;Yin Wu ,&nbsp;Elena Tunitsky-Bitton ,&nbsp;Paul Tulikangas ,&nbsp;Adam C. Steinberg ,&nbsp;Kara M. Whitaker","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Urinary incontinence (incontinence) is a common condition among women which may contribute to low moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Thus, women with incontinence may have increased risk for inactivity and related cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to determine the associations of incontinence with MVPA and CVD risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective observational study used electronic medical records to capture data on incontinence diagnosis, self-reported MVPA using the Exercise Vital Sign, CVD risk factors and diagnosis using ICD-10 codes, and demographic information from July 2022–June 2024 in Connecticut. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of incontinence and MVPA classification (inactive: 0 min/week, insufficiently active: 1–149 min/week, and active ≥150 min/week). Logistic regression models assessed associations of incontinence with CVD risk calculator components and diagnosed CVD. All models adjusted for age, race, body mass index, and tobacco use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 20,155 women who were included in analysis (mean age 50.36 ± 16.42 years), 5.4 % had an incontinence diagnosis. Compared to those without incontinence, those with incontinence did not differ in MVPA classification, but had greater odds of type two diabetes (aOR 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.06–1.48), dyslipidemia (aOR 1.37, 95 % CI: 1.19–1.58), stroke (aOR 1.55, 95 % CI: 1.06–2.25), and coronary artery bypass grafts (aOR 3.17, 95 % CI: 1.45–6.95) after adjustment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Incontinence was not associated with MVPA classification but was associated with inactivity related CVD risk factors and cardiometabolic comorbid conditions. Future studies should investigate potential mechanisms of this association including incontinence severity, activity intensity, and chronic inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 108277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the food environment surrounding schools in four New Jersey school districts between school years 2012–13 and 2019–20","authors":"Francesco Acciai ,&nbsp;Montserrat Ganderats-Fuentes ,&nbsp;Punam Ohri-Vachaspati","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>While public health policies have mostly targeted the food environment within schools, recent research shows that the food environment surrounding schools is also related to children's diet and health outcomes. The goal of this paper was to examine the changes in the food environment around schools from school year 2012–13 to 2019–20 in four New Jersey school districts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from 152 kindergarten – 12th grade public schools in Camden, Newark, New Brunswick, and Trenton for 2012–13 to 2019–20. Food outlets within 0.25-mile buffers around schools were classified into convenience stores, limited-service restaurants, small grocery stores, and upgraded convenience stores. Multivariable Poisson and negative binomial regression models were used to evaluate trends in food outlet prevalence over the study period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The number of convenience stores decreased by 6 % annually (exp(<em>βi</em>) = 0.94, 95 % CI: 0.91; 0.96), while the number of upgraded convenience stores (carrying a selection of healthier items) increased by 30 % annually (exp(<em>βi</em>) = 1.30, 95 % CI: 1.17; 1.44). Other outlet types, such as small grocery stores and limited-service restaurants, remained stable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although unhealthy outlets remained the most prevalent, there were improvements in the food environment around schools over the study period. Notably, these changes coincided with local policy initiatives aimed at improving healthy food offerings in convenience stores. Local policies can improve the food environment around schools by increasing access to healthier options. Policies aimed at improving the food environment around schools are crucial for supporting children's health and enhancing the effectiveness of school nutrition programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 108278"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the leisure-time physical activity environment on odds of glycemic control among a nationwide cohort of United States veterans with a new type-2 diabetes diagnosis","authors":"Stephanie L. Orstad ,&nbsp;Priscilla M. D'antico ,&nbsp;Samrachana Adhikari ,&nbsp;Rania Kanchi ,&nbsp;David C. Lee ,&nbsp;Mark D. Schwartz ,&nbsp;Sanja Avramovic ,&nbsp;Farrokh Alemi ,&nbsp;Brian Elbel ,&nbsp;Lorna E. Thorpe","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Objective.</strong> This study examined associations between access to leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) facilities and parks and repeated measures of glycated hemoglobin (A1C) over time, using follow-up tests among United States Veterans with newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes (T2D). <strong>Methods.</strong> Data were analyzed from 274,463 patients in the Veterans Administration Diabetes Risk cohort who were newly diagnosed with T2D between 2008 and 2018 and followed through 2023. Generalized estimating equations with a logit link function and binomial logistic regression were used to examine associations. <strong>Results.</strong> Patients were on average 60.5 years of age, predominantly male (95.0 %) and white (66.9 %), and had an average of 11.7 A1C tests during the study follow-up period. In high- and low-density urban communities, a one-unit higher LTPA facility density score was associated with 1 % and 3 % greater likelihood of in-range A1C tests during follow-up, respectively, but no association was observed among patients living in suburban/small town and rural communities. Across community types, closer park distance was not associated with subsequent greater odds of in-range A1C tests. Unexpectedly, in low-density urban areas, the likelihood of in-range A1C tests was 1 % lower at farther park distances. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> These results suggest that broader access to LTPA facilities, but not park proximity, may contribute in small ways to maintaining glycemic control after T2D diagnosis in urban communities. Tailored interventions may be needed to promote patients' effective use of LTPA facilities and parks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 108274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}