Preventive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Is elimination of cervical cancer in sight in England?","authors":"Clare Gilham, Julian Peto","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The age-standardised rate of cervical cancer is 8.5 per 100,000 in England, double the WHO \"elimination\" goal of 4.0 per 100,000, despite England being close to the target coverage for both HPV vaccination and cervical screening. Our aim was to see whether trends in mortality and incidence rates suggest that England is on the path to elimination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We discuss trends in mortality rates since 1953 by birth cohort, and cancer and cancer-in-situ incidence rates since 2000 by age group in relation to screening and vaccination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mortality trends suggest a steep decline in HPV prevalence from women born in the 1880s to those born in the 1930s followed by a continuing increase. Cancer incidence and mortality rates then fell steeply after the introduction of national screening in 1988. From 2004 women were invited for their first screen at age 25 rather than age 20, which was followed by a sharp increase in cancer-in-situ and invasive cancer rates at age 25-29. From 2015 to 2022 cervical cancer incidence then fell by 90 % below age 25 and by 80 % at age 25-29 following the introduction in 2008 of HPV vaccination at age 12-13 for girls born since 1995 with a catch-up for women born 1991-1994.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vaccination alone may enable the NHS to reach its target for cervical cancer incidence of 4.0 per 100,000 by 2040. Whether switching from cytology to primary HPV testing in 2019 will reduce rates among unvaccinated women born before 1991 is not yet clear.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for stomach, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers among Armenians in California.","authors":"Ani S Movsisyan Vernon, Laura Fejerman, Jeffrey S Hoch, Theresa H Keegan","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To observe stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for common cancers among Armenians in California.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the Armenian Surname List and birthplace information in the California Cancer Registry to identify Armenians with stomach, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers diagnosed during 1988-2019. We used multivariable logistic regression models to calculate odds of late-stage diagnoses among Armenian and non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients and examine the association of sociodemographic factors with late-stage diagnoses among the Armenian patient population. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate cancer-specific survival among Armenian patients compared to non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 639,224 cancer diagnoses identified, 6642 were among Armenian patients. Armenian individuals were more likely to be diagnosed with late-stage colorectal (OR = 1.12, 95 % CI = 1.03-1.22), lung (OR = 1.26, 95 % CI = 1.12-1.42), and stomach (OR = 1.43, 95 % CI = 1.17-1.74) cancers. Among Armenian patients, low nSES and public insurance were associated with late-stage diagnoses. Armenian individuals had better survival than non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White individuals for stomach (HR = 0.85, 95 % CI = 0.76-0.94), lung (HR = 0.86, 95 % CI = 0.82-0.91), colorectal (HR = 0.82, 95 % CI = 0.77-0.88), and bladder (HR = 0.87, 95 % CI = 0.76-0.99) cancers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While Armenian patients were at greater risk of late-stage diagnoses of colorectal, lung, and stomach cancers, they had better survival compared to non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients. Further research is needed to understand factors impacting survival in Armenian individuals, including genetic, behavioral, and social factors. Our findings of lower nSES and public health insurance associated with late-stage diagnoses suggest a need for increased access to care and cancer screening among the Armenian population in California.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: A time-stratified case-crossover study.","authors":"Jian Zhang, Jingwei Zhang, Pengfei Li, Yandan Xu, Xuesong Zhou, Jia Qiu, Xiuli Tang, Zhongao Ding, Mingjia Xu, Chongjian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the associations between short-term air pollution exposure and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AECB data were collected from hospital surveillance systems in Shanghai, China, during 2018-2022. Exposure pollution data were obtained from China high resolution high quality near-surface air pollution datasets and assigned to individuals based on their residential addresses. The time-stratified case crossover design combined with the conditional logistic regression model were used to estimate the associations between air pollution and AECB. Weighted quantile sum regression evaluated combined pollution effects and key pollutants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2202 hospitalized cases with AECB were included. On day 7 of the average lag (lag 07-day), the odds ratios (OR) of air pollution (Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of ≤2.5 μm (PM_2.5), 2.5-10 μm (PM_2.5_-₁₀), and ≤ 10 μm (PM₁₀), Ozone (O₃), Sulfur dioxide (SO₂), Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)) with AECB increased by 10 μg/m³ were 1.07 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.12), 1.13 (1.06, 1.21), 1.06 (1.03-1.09), 1.03 (1.01-1.06), 2.05 (1.51-2.80) and 1.11 (1.05-1.18), respectively. Combined exposure was also positively associated with the risk of AECB (OR 1.04, 95 % CI 1.00-1.08), with O₃ being the most significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that short-term exposure to air pollution was significantly associated with higher risk of AECB. O₃ might contribute the most to AECB. Policymakers should pay more attention to air pollution control.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported chronic rhinosinusitis diagnoses and symptoms in World Trade Center-exposed and non-World Trade Center-exposed United States firefighters.","authors":"Ankura Singh, Rachel Zeig-Owens, Mayris P Webber, Alexandra K Mueller, David J Prezant","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Greater World Trade Center (WTC) exposure levels have been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) diagnoses and symptoms. We aimed to determine whether self-reported CRS is elevated in WTC-exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters when compared with non-WTC-exposed/non-FDNY firefighters and with the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included male WTC-exposed (N = 7840) and non-WTC-exposed (N = 2771) firefighters who were employed on 9/11/2001 and later completed a health survey. Self-reported CRS diagnoses and symptoms were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression analyses estimated the odds of self-reported ever CRS diagnosis and current symptoms in WTC-exposed vs. non-WTC-exposed firefighters. Additional analyses compared self-reported current CRS diagnoses in firefighters vs. American males. Models were adjusted for demographics, smoking, and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-one percent of WTC-exposed firefighters reported ever having a CRS diagnosis vs. 20 % of non-WTC-exposed firefighters (adjusted-OR = 3.84, 95 % CI = 3.44-4.28). WTC-exposure was also associated with specific rhinosinusitis symptoms, including nasal/sinus congestion (adjusted-OR = 1.17, 95 % CI = 1.06-1.29), nose irritation (adjusted-OR = 1.48, 95 % CI = 1.24-1.76), and sinus pain/pressure (adjusted-OR = 1.42, 95 % CI = 1.26-1.60). Both WTC-exposed (adjusted-OR = 3.84, 95 % CI = 3.46-4.27) and non-WTC-exposed firefighters (adjusted-OR = 1.97, 95 % CI = 1.71-2.27) were more likely to report a current CRS diagnosis than similar adult males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WTC-exposure was associated with self-reported CRS diagnoses and symptoms in firefighters. Higher CRS diagnosis prevalence in the WTC-exposed cohort could be a result of exposure to irritants present at the WTC site, and may also be explained, in part, by the enhanced surveillance and healthcare WTC-exposed firefighters receive via the WTC Health Program. Elevated levels of CRS in firefighters overall could be due to routine, non-WTC-related firefighting exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to recommended blood-based screening tests for cancer and chronic diseases: A systematic literature review.","authors":"Quang A Le, Takako Kiener, Heather A Johnson, Kevin H Li, Paul J Limburg, A Mark Fendrick, John B Kisiel, Derek W Ebner","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Blood-based tests represent a compelling option for early detection and management of cancers and other chronic diseases. While they may increase patient engagement, assumptions about greater adherence in clinical practice need further evaluation. This systematic review aimed to evaluate real-world adherence to established blood-based tests for commonly recommended screening indications to inform expectations for average-risk colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive and systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and citations was conducted to identify literature published from 2010 to 2023. Included studies examined adherence to United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) grade A/B blood test recommendations for type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing adherence for prostate cancer screening (grade C USPSTF recommendation), the only widely accessible blood-based single-cancer screening test for average-risk adults, was also included. Studies without venipuncture-derived blood were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 53,067 articles, 69 were included. Adherence rates of blood-based screening tests were highly variable, with median values and interquartile range (IQR) of 66.3 % (59.2-71.1), 67.8 % (54.4-72.4), 34 % (21.9-50.5), and 36.8 % (29.1-59.1) for diabetes, dyslipidemia, HCV, and HIV, respectively. PSA testing adherence was 37.2 % (30-48.5). Information and selection bias were common risks of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Real-world adherence to recommended blood-based screening is suboptimal. Future research is needed to determine whether these findings are generalizable to blood-based CRC screening and to assess how such a strategy could impact clinical, economic, and health equity outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between physical activity-related metabolic signature and cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity: A cohort study from UK biobank.","authors":"Jiacheng Wang, Yi Zheng, Yanfeng Jiang, Chen Suo, Tiejun Zhang, Xingdong Chen, Kelin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Physical activity has protective effects on cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), but the role of metabolism related to physical activity in this process is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the prospective cohort study from UK Biobank between 2006 and 2022, participants free of CMDs at baseline were included (n = 73,990). We identified physical activity-related metabolites and constructed metabolic signature using linear regression and elastic net regression. Association between physical activity, metabolic signature, and CMDs (type 2 diabetes [T2D], coronary heart disease [CHD], and stroke) were explored using Cox and mediation analyses. Interactions between the metabolic signature and genetic susceptibility (categorized into \"low\" and \"high\" based on the median of polygenic risk scores) were assessed by additive hazard models and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). Multi-state models evaluated the association between metabolic signature and disease progression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found 58 metabolites were related to physical activity, of which 17 were used to construct metabolic signature. The metabolic signature was associated with reduced risk of T2D (HR = 0.13[0.10-0.16]), CHD (HR = 0.40[0.34-0.47]), and stroke (HR = 0.67[0.53-0.86]), and mediated 40.56 % of the association between physical activity and T2D. The metabolic signature exhibited additive interactions with genetic risk for T2D (RERI = 1.57[1.09-2.05]) and CHD (RERI = 0.27[0.05-0.49]). Finally, the metabolic signature was associated with a reduced risk of transition from CMD to CMM (HR = 0.58[0.42-0.81]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physical activity-related metabolic signature is linked to reduced risks of CMDs and CMM. We once again emphasize the importance of physical activity for CMDs prevention from a metabolic perspective, especially for individuals at high genetic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108211"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Binge drinking and subsequent health and well-being among middle-aged Spanish adults: An outcome-wide analysis.","authors":"Rafael Perez-Araluce, Maira Bes-Rastrollo, Alfredo Gea, Miguel Angel Martínez-González, Tyler J VanderWeele, Ying Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Binge drinking has been associated with higher risks of adverse physical health outcomes. Motivations behind binge drinking may involve seeking pleasure and social connectedness, which are important aspects of life that constitute well-being. However, studies that apply a holistic framework of well-being to understand binge drinking remain limited, especially in non-English speaking populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using longitudinal data from the \"Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra\" (SUN) Cohort (n = 2837 Spanish university graduates, 51% women, mean age [SD] = 54 [12] years, data collected from March 1999 to July 2022), this study examined the association of binge drinking with a wide range of subsequent psychological well-being, mental health, physical health, and health behaviour outcomes over a four-year follow-up period. A set of regression models were used, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, total alcohol consumption and pre-baseline values of the outcome variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Binge drinkers reported a higher mean level of positive relations with others (standardized β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.24) than non-binge drinkers. However, binge drinking was associated with several adverse health outcomes such as higher risks of obesity (RR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.09 to 3.19), major cardiovascular events (RR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.04 to 5.82), and unfavourable health behaviours (e.g., a longer screen time by 2.85 hours/week, 95% CI: 0.46 to 5.23).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides novel insights into the complex and multifaceted relationship of binge drinking with health and well-being. Further research will enhance our understandings of binge drinking and inform culturally appropriate interventions that effectively mitigate its negative consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes: Effects on local policy support, discrimination, and stigma in a United States national survey.","authors":"Alex Kresovich, Mateusz Borowiecki, Phoebe A Lamuda, Bruce G Taylor, Sherry L Emery, John Schneider, Harold A Pollack","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine associations between passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes toward opioid use disorder (OUD) policies and stigma among United States (US) adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationally representative survey of 6543 US adults was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024. Participants reported passive exposure to opioid crisis information from various sources. Outcome measures included preferences for national and local harm-reduction policies, discriminatory practices, carceral approaches, and OUD stigma. Multivariable regression analyses were performed, controlling for demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over half (n = 3863, 59.4 %) of participants reported passive exposure to opioid crisis information. Exposure from medical professionals (b = 0.143, p = 0.001), family/friends (b = 0.118, p = 0.013), print media (b = 0.135, p = 0.019), and web searches (b = 0.164, p = 0.002) was associated with increased support for local harm-reduction policies. Social media exposure was negatively associated with support for discriminatory practices (b = -0.101, p = 0.043). Exposure from medical professionals was negatively associated with OUD stigma (b = -0.090, p = 0.014). No significant associations were found between information exposure and support for national harm-reduction policies or carceral approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite widespread media coverage of the opioid crisis, passive information exposure was only associated with increased support for local, not national, harm-reduction policies. The modest exposure rate (59.4 %) suggests an attention gap between information availability and public engagement. The differential effectiveness of information channels suggests that communication strategies emphasizing community-level initiatives and leveraging specific sources like healthcare providers and interpersonal networks may be particularly important for building public support for evidence-based OUD prevention policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108212"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status with outcomes of a smoking cessation intervention provided in the lung cancer screening setting.","authors":"Jaqueline C Avila, Efren J Flores, Yan-Jhu Su, Jennifer S Haas, Elyse R Park, Nancy A Rigotti","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer screening (LCS) offers a teachable moment for smoking cessation. This study assesses whether individual- or neighborhood-level SES is associated with tobacco abstinence and completion of a smoking cessation intervention in the LCS context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary analysis of a clinical trial (NCT03611881) that tested the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatment for smokers scheduled for LCS (N = 615) in eastern Massachusetts, USA from 2019 to 2024. Outcomes were self-reported 7-day smoking abstinence and study follow-up completion at 6-months. Independent variables were individual SES (high school or less [low SES] vs. post-high school education [high SES]); neighborhood SES (Area Deprivation Index [ADI], range: 0-100, categorized as: highest 15 % [low SES] vs. remaining 85 % scores [high SES]), and a combination of both measures. Logistic regression models tested the association between outcomes and SES measures, adjusted for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>32 % of participants had low individual SES. The mean sample ADI was 19.9 (SD: 12.8). Smoking cessation was higher among those with high vs. low neighborhood SES (15.7 % vs. 7.4 %, p-value = 0.03). Study completion was marginally higher among those with high vs. low individual SES (84.5 % vs. 78.1 %, p = 0.05). In multivariable models, these associations were not significant, but individuals with high individual and low neighborhood SES were more likely to complete the study than those with both low individual and low neighborhood SES, (OR: 6.04, 95 %CI: 1.47-24.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individual and neighborhood SES were not independently associated with the study outcomes in the multivariable analysis, but combinations of individual and neighborhood SES differentially affected treatment completion.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between self-rated health, physical frailty, and incidence of disability among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal prospective cohort study.","authors":"Ryo Yamaguchi, Keitaro Makino, Osamu Katayama, Daiki Yamagiwa, Hiroyuki Shimada","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Poor self-rated health (SRH) and physical frailty are both significant predictors of disability in older adults, but their joint association on health outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between SRH, physical frailty, and incidence of disability among community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal cohort study included 2838 older adults aged 65 years or older (mean age, 73.1 ± 5.9 years) living in Takahama, Japan, who participated in the baseline assessment from September 2015 to February 2017. Participants were followed prospectively until June 2021. SRH was assessed on a four-point scale, and frailty was evaluated using the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Participants were categorized into four groups based on SRH (Good or Poor) and frailty status (Robust or Frail). Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between these categories and the incidence of disability over a 5-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the median follow-up of 60 months, 349 of the 2838 participants developed a disability. The risk of disability was significantly higher in the Poor/Robust (HR 1.64, 95 % CI 1.20-2.25), Good/Frail (HR 2.58, 95 % CI 1.91-3.49), and Poor/Frail (HR 2.03, 95 % CI 1.37-3.01) groups than in the Good/Robust reference group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frail older adults who report good health were associated with the risk of disability, suggesting that discrepancies between subjective and objective health assessments may lead to adverse outcomes. Recognizing and addressing these discrepancies is crucial to promote successful aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}