Preventive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association between smoking cessation and risk for type 2 diabetes, stratified by post-cessation weight change: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yifan Yu, Yan Li, Thu T Nguyen, Dahai Yue, Nedelina Tchangalova, Caitlin E Flouton, Hongjie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>While smoking cessation reduces health risks, its impact on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains complex when considering post-cessation weight gain. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the association between smoking cessation and diabetes risk stratified by weight change and cessation duration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched seven databases through April 14, 2025. Observational studies examining smoking cessation, weight changes, and T2DM were included. Random-effects models pooled hazard ratios (HRs) comparing recent and long-term quitters to continuous/never smokers, stratified by weight gain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among eleven cohort studies, quitters with weight gain showed increased diabetes risk versus continuous smokers (HR = 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.12, 2.62), with recent quitters having greater risk (HR = 2.20, 95 % CI: 1.27, 3.82) but long-term quitters showing reduced risk (HR = 0.91, 95 % CI: 0.87, 0.95). Quitters without weight gain demonstrated no increased risk (recent: HR = 0.99, 95 % CI: 0.81, 1.02) and lower risk (long-term: HR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.81, 0.87). Compared to never-smokers, recent quitters had a higher T2DM risk regardless of weight status (with gain: HR = 1.61, 95 % CI: 1.03, 2.50; without gain: HR = 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.05, 1.48), while long-term quitters showed no significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking cessation temporarily increases T2DM risk, particularly with weight gain, but becomes protective long-term, emphasizing weight management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse birth outcomes in alcohol-exposed pregnancies with or without tobacco and cannabis","authors":"Florencia Anunziata ,&nbsp;Jessica Frankeberger ,&nbsp;Rebecca J. Baer ,&nbsp;Christina Chambers ,&nbsp;Gretchen Bandoli","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the risk of preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational age (SGA) infants among pregnant persons with alcohol use diagnoses, alone or with comorbid cannabis or tobacco use diagnoses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from California birth certificates (2007–2021) were linked to maternal/infant hospitalization records. Maternal ICD 9–10 codes indicated substance use diagnoses. We calculated the adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of extreme/very PTB (&lt;32 weeks' gestation), late PTB (32–36 weeks), and SGA (&lt;10th centile for birth weight) among those with alcohol alone versus alcohol with tobacco and/or cannabis use diagnoses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to alcohol alone, co-occurring alcohol and tobacco were associated with higher risks of extreme/very PTB (aRR = 1.44, 95 % CI = 1.09, 1.89), late PTB (aRR = 1.25, 95 % CI = 1.12, 1.40), and SGA infants (aRR = 1.31, 95 % CI = 1.19, 1.44). Individuals with alcohol and cannabis were at increased risk of SGA infants (aRR = 1.21, 95 % CI = 1.05, 1.38). Those with indications of all three substances had higher risk of extreme/very PTB (aRR = 1.68, 95 % CI = 1.17, 2.40) and SGA infants (aRR = 1.29, 95 % CI = 1.13, 1.48).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among those with an alcohol diagnosis, prenatal co-exposure to tobacco with or without cannabis was associated with increased risk of PTB and SGA relative to alcohol alone. Screening for and addressing prenatal polysubstance use should be prioritized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and subjective cognitive decline among U.S. older adults: A population-based analysis of the 2023 behavioral risk factor surveillance system","authors":"Gary Hao ,&nbsp;Nicolas Guenzel ,&nbsp;Tzeyu L. Michaud","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study sought to assess associations between physical activities and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) among older adults aged 65 years and above.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were drawn from the 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and included older adults who completed the cognitive decline module. Multivariable regression models were performed to assess the relationship between self-reported physical activity levels and SCD. We further conducted stratified analyses of 11 types of primary physical activity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 73,339 older adults, 33.1 % reported no physical activity, 14.7 % reported insufficient physical activity, 28.4 % met one guideline only, and 23.8 % met both guidelines. Walking (39.7 %), gardening or yard work (8.6 %), and bicycling (2.7 %) were the most commonly reported primary physical activities. As compared to those without physical activities, older adults who engaged in physical activity and met guidelines were less likely to report SCD (only one guideline, Adjusted Prevalence Ratio[95 % CI] = 0.87[0.78, 0.96]; both guidelines, APR[95 % CI] = 0.81[0.73, 0.90]). Participation in certain primary activity types, combined with meeting at least one physical activity guideline, was associated with lower odds of SCD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings highlight the importance of meeting physical activity guidelines to mitigate the risk of SCD among older adults and reveal varying effects by primary activity types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Somatic disease burden in parents of children with cancer - a nationwide cohort study in Sweden.","authors":"Yishan Liu, Filip Jansåker, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist, Jianguang Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A diagnosis of childhood cancer is profoundly devastating for families, with well-recognized effects on parental mental health. However, its impact on parental somatic health remains poorly understood, particularly regarding potential long-term cumulative burden. These persistent somatic diseases require frequent clinic visits for ongoing management and adversely affect parents' quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using several Swedish national registers, we identified biological parents of children diagnosed with cancer before age 14 between January 1, 1987, and December 31, 2016, and matched them with up to five parents of children without cancer. Parental somatic health conditions, encompassing both the initial occurrence and any recurrent episodes, were identified through the end of 2018 across 14 major disease groups using the National Patient Register and primary health care data. The marginal means/rates model was employed to compare recurrent somatic health events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6859 fathers and 7098 mothers of children diagnosed with cancer in Sweden were identified and followed for up to 32 years. Parents of children with cancer experienced increased rates of recurrent somatic health conditions compared to those without (84.14 vs. 80.63 per 1000 person-months). The increases were observed across multiple disease categories, including neoplasms, diseases related to blood and immune mechanisms, circulatory diseases, and genital organ diseases. Stratified analyses further revealed variations in risk estimates across subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the long-term somatic health consequences of having a child with cancer and the need for supportive interventions to mitigate stress and improve parental somatic well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of multidisciplinary approaches including exercise to treat non-specific chronic low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis across multiple regions.","authors":"Nerea Vega-Retuerta, Sandra Sánchez-Parente, Víctor Segura-Jiménez","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of multidisciplinary interventions including exercise in improving health outcomes for patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) across different regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search for studies was not restricted to a specific time period but was conducted based on the availability of existing literature within the selected databases. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in four databases: EBSCOhost (from 1995), PubMed (from 1996), Web of Science (from 1964), and Scopus (from 2004), up to November 3, 2021. After applying exclusion criteria, 31 studies published between 1998 and 2021 were selected for final inclusion. The methodological approach included both qualitative and quantitative analyses, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of the available evidence.</p><p><strong>Study selection criteria: </strong>Multidisciplinary interventions including exercise aimed at relieving symptoms of NSCLBP were included. Outcomes analyzed were disability, pain, fear avoidance, quality of life, perceived change, depression, anxiety and stress. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one studies were included in the qualitative analysis and 29 in the meta-analysis. The qualitative analysis showed improvements in favor of the intervention group (IG) in pain, fear avoidance, quality of life and perceived change. The meta-analysis reported significant pooled effect size (ES) in favor of the IGs in disability, pain, fear avoidance, quality of life, and perceived change among patients with NSCLBP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multidisciplinary approaches including exercise appear to be effective in reducing disability, pain, fear avoidance, quality of life and perceived change, but not depression, anxiety or stress in patients with NSCLBP. The findings should be interpreted cautiously in light of substantial heterogeneity and the limited quality of the available evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cigarette smoking prevalence, nicotine dependence, and quit ratios among U.S. adult females by residence and military-veteran status: 2002-2023.","authors":"Justin T McDaniel, Ryan Redner, Sulamunn R M Coleman, Elias M Klemperer, Fang Fang Chen, Hypatia A Bolívar, Stephen T Higgins","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Examine nationally representative U.S. data to determine trends in cigarette smoking, nicotine dependence, and quit ratios among females by rurality and veteran status between 2002 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the 2002-2023 files (N = 454,981) of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Adult female respondents were categorized by rural/urban residence and veteran/nonveteran status to examine smoking outcomes across 3-year intervals. To adjust for non-response, selection probability, and post-stratification, analyses were conducted using survey weighted logistic regression models controlling for socio-demographic covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Smoking prevalence was higher among rural versus urban residents (aOR = 1.55, 95 %CI = 1.43, 1.67) and veterans versus nonveterans (aOR = 1.72, 95 %CI = 1.36, 2.17). Nicotine dependence was higher among rural versus urban residents (aOR = 1.84, 95 %CI = 1.66, 2.03) and veterans versus nonveterans (aOR = 1.49, 95 %CI = 1.08, 2.06). Quit ratios were lower in rural versus urban residents (aOR = 0.70, 95 %CI = 0.63, 0.78), but not among veterans (aOR = 0.83, 95 % CI = 0.62, 1.10). Rates of decline over time in smoking prevalence and nicotine dependence, as well as increases in quit ratios, were lower among rural residents (p's < 0.001) whereas changes by veteran status did not interact with time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results across 21 years from a nationally representative US survey substantiate a growing rural-urban disparity in smoking that disproportionately impacts rural females. We also identified a disparity that disproportionately impacts veteran compared to nonveteran females. Thus, rural and veteran female populations need targeted treatment interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12509234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of smoke-free homes adoption among Spanish adults who smoke: A prospective cohort study from the 2016–2021 International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS Spain Surveys","authors":"Olena Tigova ,&nbsp;Yolanda Castellano ,&nbsp;Marcela Fu ,&nbsp;Pete Driezen ,&nbsp;Cristina Martínez ,&nbsp;Anne C.K. Quah ,&nbsp;Geoffrey T. Fong ,&nbsp;Esteve Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the prevalence and associated factors of smoke-free homes (SFHs) among Spanish adults who smoke across three cohort waves, and to identify determinants of SFH adoption during follow-up (2016–2021).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The International Tobacco Control EUREST-PLUS Spain Survey is a nationally representative cohort of ∼1000 adults (≥18 years) who smoke surveyed in 2016, 2018, and 2021. First, we conducted repeated cross-sectional analysis to estimate the prevalence of SFHs at each wave. Second, we estimated incidence and risk ratios (RR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for SFH adoption during the follow-up using adjusted generalised linear models. Independent variables included sociodemographics, smoking characteristics, and beliefs about second-hand smoke harms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SFH prevalence was 13.1 % in 2016, 19.0 % in 2018, and 31.5 % in 2021 (p trend &lt;0.001). Quitting smoking (RR = 2.66; 95 % CI: 2.10, 3.36), remaining in any stage other than precontemplation (RR = 1.76; 1.13, 2.73) and progressing beyond precontemplation stage (RR = 2.59; 1.99, 3.37) were determinants of SFH adoption. Maintaining moderate or high nicotine dependence (RR = 0.46; 0.30, 0.69) was inversely associated with SFH adoption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SFH prevalence among Spanish adults who smoke increased in 2016–2021. Initiatives promoting SFHs should encourage progression through the stages of change towards cessation and provide tailored support for individuals with high nicotine dependence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145113964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity in youth and cardiovascular disease risk in later-life: Mediation by mid-life factors in a large cohort of Swedish adults","authors":"Frida Söderström ,&nbsp;Elin Ekblom-Bak ,&nbsp;Sofia Paulsson ,&nbsp;Daniel Väisänen","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aims were to investigate the association between youth physical activity and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life in men and women and whether mid-life lifestyle-associated factors, including exercise, smoking, Body Mass Index (BMI), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂max), mediate this association.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 269,431 Swedish participants (52 % men) who participated in occupational health profile assessments between 1995 and 2023 were included. Youth physical activity was self-reported as overall participation in school-based physical education and physical activity outside school before age 20. CVD incidence was obtained from national registers. Mediation analyses assessed mid-life lifestyle-associated factors' influence on the association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to those reporting no physical education participation, participation in only physical education was associated with a 18 % lower risk for CVD later in life (HR = 0.82, 95 % CI 0.70,0.95). Participating in additional physical activity outside school yielded varying risk estimates (HR = 0.78, 95 % CI 0.67,0.90 for one to two times/week; HR = 0.84, 95 % CI 0.73,0.97 for three to five times/week). VO₂max, BMI, and smoking mediated 16 %–32 % of the association. In the single mediation model, cardiorespiratory fitness explicitly mediated the association in those who participated in physical education and at least one weekly sessions of physical activity outside school.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Youth refraining from participating in physical education class could be considered a risk group for later-life CVD. Mediation analyses suggest that engaging in only physical education or with additional physical activity outside school in youth, may confer more healthy behaviour in mid-life, which explain the lower CVD risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiopulmonary effects of very low nicotine content cigarettes with and without access to E-cigarettes in vulnerable populations.","authors":"Katherine E Menson, Diann E Gaalema, Brian R Katz, Jennifer W Tidey, Dustin C Lee, Shirley Plucinski, Michael DeSarno, Stephen T Higgins","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Reducing nicotine levels in cigarettes decreases smoking, which is enhanced by access to preferred-flavor e-cigarettes. Smoking increases risk of cardiopulmonary disease, but effects of very-low-nicotine-content cigarettes (VLNCs) in combination with e-cigarettes are unknown. Health effects of nicotine-reduction approaches must be examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from three randomized controlled trials conducted at the University of Vermont, Brown University, and Johns Hopkins University (October 2020-November 2023). Effects, within vulnerable populations, of 16 weeks of normal nicotine content cigarettes (NNC), VLNCs only, VLNCs plus e-cigarettes in only tobacco flavor (VLNC+TF), or VLNCs in combination with the option to select from eight commonly preferred flavors (VLNC+PF) were tested. Cardiopulmonary measures included vital signs and subjective respiratory symptoms. Effect of experimental condition on outcomes were examined using multivariable linear mixed models controlling for baseline values, age, sex, study week, and vulnerable population (lower-educated women [n = 80], those with opioid use disorder [n = 74], or affective disorders [n = 172]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most (243/326, 74.5 %) participants were high-risk for cardiopulmonary disease (i.e., hypertension). There were no significant effects of experimental condition on objective cardiac or pulmonary measures. Within respiratory symptoms there were significant effects of condition on subjective ratings of cough severity especially among patients with preexisting disease (F(3,48) = 4.02, p = 0.01, partial η² = 0.08) with higher severity ratings in the NNC and VLNC+PF compared to VLNC alone or VLNC+TF conditions (Ps < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combining VLNCs with e-cigarettes in preferred flavors appears to have no adverse effects on objective cardiopulmonary measures but may increase subjective ratings of cough severity in higher-risk pulmonary subpopulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health inequalities: Is adolescent involvement in the legal system associated with reduced health care access and usage during adulthood?","authors":"Ian A. Silver ,&nbsp;Jamie Newsome ,&nbsp;Tova Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the association between being involved in the criminal legal system prior to age 18 and access to medical coverage/care in adulthood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1997 (NLSY-97) birth cohort – a United States based sample collected from 1997 to 2021 – was analyzed to estimate differences in the probability of having health coverage or accessing medical care across four groups with varying involvement in the criminal legal system prior to age 18.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Arrests before 18 was associated with a 8.9 % reduction in health insurance endorsement (2003−2021), a 3 % reduction in routine check-up endorsement (2003–2021), and a 4 % increase in visiting a doctor when sick (2003–2008). Incarceration in juvenile facilities was associated with a 29 % decrease, a 16 % decrease, and a 21 % decrease in the three dependent variables (respectively). Incarceration in adult facilities before 18 was associated with a 36 % decrease, a 15 % decrease, and a 7 % increase in the three dependent variables (respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Being arrested, incarcerated in a facility for juveniles, or incarcerated in an adult facility before 18 may be linked to reduced access to medical insurance and medical care during adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}