Preventive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Cervical cancer screening and risk factor prevalence by sexual identity: A comparison across three national surveys in the United States.","authors":"Jennifer C Spencer, Hanwen Zhang, Brittany M Charlton, Phillip W Schnarrs, Felicitas Kuehne, Uwe Siebert, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Navkiran K Shokar, Jane J Kim, Michael P Pignone","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Women identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer (LGBQ) have lower cervical cancer screening use and differences in care access. Less known about how differences vary by data sources and within LGBQ subgroups. We evaluated LGBQ disparities in cervical cancer screening use and risk factors across three national surveys in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from the 2019 and 2021 National Health Interview Survey, the 2018 and 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey, and the 2017-2019 National Survey of Family Growth. We meta-analyzed self-reported cervical cancer screening to estimate pooled relative risks (pRR), comparing those identifying as LGBQ to those identifying as straight/heterosexual. We also evaluated differences in care access and behavioral risk factors by sexual identity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite demographic differences across surveys, all three surveys demonstrated a small reduction in up-to-date cervical cancer screening for LGBQ vs. straight/heterosexual women (pRR = 0.91 [CI 0.89-0.93]). The screening gap was larger for gay/lesbian (pRR: 0.90 [0.85-0.94]) than bisexual women (pRR: 0.94 [0.92-0.97]) and largest at younger ages (pRR age 21-29: 0.89 [CI 0.85-0.93]). LGBQ women reported consistently lower access to care across multiple measures. Risk factors were mixed, including higher smoking rates and higher HPV vaccination coverage for LGBQ women vs. straight.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>LGBQ women are less likely to be screened for cervical cancer. Closing disparities in care access and identifying feasible and acceptable screening interventions will help reduce these disparities. We must also ensure high-quality data collection to monitor disparities across and within key subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of local cigar pack regulations on cigar retail sales","authors":"Jessica King Jensen ,&nbsp;Sunday Azagba ,&nbsp;Alperen Korkmaz ,&nbsp;Cristine D. Delnevo","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Municipalities across the United States have enacted minimum cigar pack size and price policies to curb the sales of inexpensive, small cigars. However, there is limited research evaluating the effectiveness of these policies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used Nielsen sales data from 2011 to 2020, aggregated by market region and half-year. A difference-in-differences approach was used to estimate the average treatment effect on the treated, which is cigar dollar sales compared to what they would have been without such a policy. Analyses included overall sales, as well as sales of flavored and unflavored cigar sales.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analyses revealed a significant decrease in cigar sales associated with the policies. The overall average treatment effect on the treated (ATET), indicated a reduction in sales compared to what their sales would have been without the policies (ATET = −$204,287.7, <em>p</em> &lt; .001). Specifically, the New York market experienced a substantial decline in sales (ATET = −$247,621.8, p &lt; .001), as did the Boston/Manchester market (ATET = −$123,810.2, p &lt; .001). These reductions were consistent for both flavored and unflavored cigars.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Local minimum cigar pack policies were associated with reduced cigar sales overall and across cigar flavor types. The study highlights the importance of regulations that address the price and packaging of cigars. The findings contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the impact of local cigar policies on reducing cigar use and suggest their potential for successful adoption in other localities, which could improve public health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 108260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between specific types of physical activities and cardiometabolic biomarkers: A comparative analysis between metabolic equivalent of task score and biomarker-weighted activity score in relation to type 2 diabetes in US health professionals","authors":"Yiwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Dong Hoon Lee ,&nbsp;Leandro F.M. Rezende ,&nbsp;Edward L. Giovannucci","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine specific physical activities' associations with biomarkers and compare metabolic equivalent of task (MET) score with biomarker-weighted score for type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from three large US prospective cohorts (1988/1991–2018/2019). Nine activities - walking, jogging, running, bicycling, lap swimming, tennis/squash, other aerobics, weightlifting, and heavy outdoor work - were assessed biennially. Biomarker analysis included 25,438 participants with data on C-peptide, C-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule 1, leptin/adiponectin, and triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL). T2D risk analysis involved 183,892 participants followed for up to 30 years. Models were adjusted for confounders and total physical activity excluding the one of interest.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Running demonstrated the strongest association with a healthier cardiometabolic profile, followed by jogging, aerobics and weightlifting. For every one hour/week of running, the percent difference in concentration was −4.4 % for C-peptide, −6.6 % for CRP, −11.5 % for leptin/adiponectin, and −5.6 % for TG/HDL (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Adjusting for body mass index (BMI) slightly weakened the associations for these activities but they remained statistically significant. Walking and tennis/squash showed modest biomarker associations and became null after BMI adjustment. No association was observed for bicycling, lap swimming and heavy outdoor work, likely due to lacking intensity data. The biomarker-weighted score (90th vs. 10th of total physical activity, HR = 0.52; 95%CI, 0.50–0.55) had a stronger association with T2D risk than the MET score (HR = 0.61; 95%CI, 0.58–0.63).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Types of physical activity had distinct associations with cardiometabolic biomarkers. A biomarker-weighted score performs better than MET score for T2D risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 108261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinically meaningful phenotypes among SARS-CoV-2 reinfections: Informing prevention strategies for future pandemics","authors":"Lander Rodriguez-Idiazabal ,&nbsp;Jose M. Quintana ,&nbsp;Julia Garcia-Asensio ,&nbsp;Maria Jose Legarreta ,&nbsp;Nere Larrea ,&nbsp;Irantzu Barrio","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Rapidly phenotyping patients can inform public health action plans in new pandemics. This study aimed to derive meaningful SARS-CoV-2 reinfected patients' phenotypes based on easily-available patient data and explore key epidemiological factors of reinfections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective study of a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 reinfected adults from the Basque Country between January 1, 2021 and January 9, 2022. Phenotypes were defined in an unsupervised manner with clustering algorithms, incorporating variables like age, Charlson score, vaccination status and pre-existing treatments and comorbidities. Subsequently, clinical characteristics of phenotypes were compared, and their behavioral differences were evaluated through generalized additive models. Finally, their association with clinical outcomes was assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four phenotypes were identified, which subsequently had a direct relationship with the risk levels for severe COVID-19 outcomes. The highest-risk group, phenotype 4, consisted of older adults −76 years, [62–85] (Median, [Interquartile range])- with multiple comorbidities and extensive baseline medication use. Phenotype 3 was slightly younger −64 years, [58–77]- but presented very low Charlson scores and few comorbidities, representing an intermediate-risk group. Phenotypes 1 and 2 were younger and healthier adults with similar clinical profiles. However, phenotype 1 showed a less protective attitude, with a higher rate of unvaccinated patients and shorter time intervals between infections.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We were able to classify reinfected patients into four distinct groups based on easily available variables, and these phenotypes had a direct relationship with COVID-19 clinical outcomes. Thus, rapidly phenotyping infected individuals can serve as a preventive public health strategy during new pandemics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long working hours and cardiovascular risk: A call for focus on healthcare professionals","authors":"Rahim Hirani ,&nbsp;Avery E. Allen ,&nbsp;Mill Etienne","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreasing participation in Dutch population-based cancer screening programs: Trends from 2018 to 2022","authors":"Brenda J. van Stigt,&nbsp;Ellen M.G. Olthof,&nbsp;Inge M.C.M. de Kok,&nbsp;Eveline A.M. Heijnsdijk,&nbsp;Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar,&nbsp;Nicolien T. van Ravesteyn,&nbsp;Esther Toes-Zoutendijk","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Population-based screening programs for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer have been proven effective in detecting cancer at an early or precancerous stage, thereby enabling better patient outcomes. For screening programs to remain effective at a population level, high participation rates are essential.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data on participation in the three nationwide screening programs in the Netherlands from 2018 to 2022 were obtained from the national screening information system (ScreenIT). Participation rates were calculated to assess trends over time, stratified by invitation round (first vs. subsequent) and sex (for colorectal cancer only).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participation was consistently lower for the first invitation rounds and men compared to subsequent rounds and women. Decreasing participation rates were observed for all programs and subgroups. In five years' time, overall participation decreased from 76.9 % to 70.7 % for breast cancer (−8.0 %), 55.5 % to 48.6 % for cervical cancer (−12.4 %), and 73.0 % to 68.4 % for colorectal cancer (−6.2 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While some logistical factors may have contributed to decreasing participation rates, the consistent decline observed across all three nationwide screening programs remains unclarified. Our results emphasize that continuous monitoring of screening programs is crucial, and accessibility of cancer screening should be prioritized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108257"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the role of simple assistive devices in promoting motivation and self-care in chronic disease management","authors":"Sanat Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Nachiappan Chockalingam ,&nbsp;Ruth Chambers ,&nbsp;Pegin Poulose ,&nbsp;Shamita Suresh ,&nbsp;Laxmi Thileepan ,&nbsp;Nitish Nachiappan","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluates the development and distribution of simple assistive devices designed to support individuals in managing their health conditions at home. The focus is on older adults from lower socio-economic groups in Stoke-on-Trent and Newcastle-under-Lyme, UK.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Assistive kits were distributed to participants between December 2021 and April 2022, addressing weight management, diabetic foot care, mental wellbeing, and daily living independence. Each kit contained affordable and accessible assistive devices, including portion plates, exercise bands, and remote-operated plugs, alongside educational materials to promote self-care. Feedback was collected between March and June 2022 to assess user satisfaction and engagement. A qualitative analysis, informed by self-determination theory, explored how these kits supported autonomy, competence, and relatedness in self-management.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over 90 % of recipients reported using the kits more than once weekly and an increased confidence in managing their health conditions independently. Qualitative analysis indicated that the kits facilitated motivation towards self-management by enhancing users' autonomy, competence, and social connectedness. However, barriers such as cost, availability, and lack of support were identified as limiting factors for broader adoption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the potential of affordable, simple assistive devices to empower individuals in managing their health and wellbeing. The initiative demonstrates a promising approach to addressing health management challenges in lower socio-economic groups. Further research is needed to expand access and refine interventions to maximise impact and improve quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"The impact of computer use on myopia development in childhood: The Generation R study\" [Preventive Medicine, Volume 132, 2020, 105988].","authors":"Clair A Enthoven, J Willem L Tideman, Jan Roelof Polling, Junwen Yang-Huang, Hein Raat, Caroline C W Klaver","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Determinants of physical activity among African immigrants in the US and the consideration of the education-occupation mismatch","authors":"Tiwaloluwa Ajibewa ,&nbsp;Kelechi Ibe-Lamberts ,&nbsp;Brenda Owusu ,&nbsp;Mercedes Carnethon ,&nbsp;Yvonne Commodore-Mensah ,&nbsp;Oluwabunmi Ogungbe","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>African immigrants are a rapidly growing segment of the US population, with relatively high rates of cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors. Physical activity engagement among this growing group is understudied and represents an underappreciated means of reducing cardiovascular disease risk, improving physical functioning, and mental health related outcomes. Structural barriers and cultural influences, such as community norms, play a significant role in physical activity engagement of African immigrants. There is a critical need to understand the current gaps, and individual and structural trends related to physical activity participation in this demographic. This commentary aims to shed light on what is known as it relates to physical activity participation in this group, and the urgent need to consider the role of physical activity as an effective intervention in reducing cardiovascular disease risk among African immigrants for the betterment of their future health trajectory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and executive functions in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Ran Liu ,&nbsp;Ruiyuan Tao ,&nbsp;Jie Feng ,&nbsp;Xiao Liang ,&nbsp;Yijian Yang ,&nbsp;Cindy Hui-ping Sit","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The current study aimed to examine the effects of physical activity interventions on executive functions in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders and to identify possible moderators and the interactions among moderators.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ERIC) were searched from inception to January 2024. Randomized controlled trials/quasi-experimental designs applying physical activity interventions and reporting at least one executive function outcome in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders were included. Random multilevel meta-analyses and moderator analyses were conducted in 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-nine studies were included, 35 of which were used for meta-analysis. The findings indicated that physical activity interventions elicited significant benefits for overall executive functions (Hedges' g = 0.60) and its subdomains: cognitive flexibility (Hedges' g = 0.60), inhibitory control (Hedges' g = 0.55), working memory (Hedges' g = 0.40), and higher-level functions (Hedges' g = 0.83). Session duration, number of intervention weeks, total session, and total duration were identified as moderators. The interactions among session duration, physical activity type, total duration, frequency, and executive function subdomains were also observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Physical activity interventions could serve as an alternative or adjunctive method to promote multiple aspects of executive functions in children and adolescents with different types of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, physical activity, especially the type, session duration and frequency, should be carefully designed to produce significant effects when targeting different domains of executive functions in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 108246"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}