Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Nitric oxide stimulates digestion modifying the nutrient composition of the traps’ fluid of Nepenthes x ventrata","authors":"Agnieszka Wal ,&nbsp;Pawel Staszek ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Gniazdowska ,&nbsp;Vladislav Chrastný ,&nbsp;Adéla Šípková ,&nbsp;Jakub Bieniek ,&nbsp;Urszula Krasuska","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>External digestion performed by autotrophs is a characteristic feature of carnivorous plants, such as those of the <em>Nepenthes spp</em>. These plants developed jug-shaped traps filled with digestive fluid that consists of water, various proteins (mostly enzymes), and nutrients. Moreover, the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the traps’ fluid of <em>N. ventrata</em> has been demonstrated. RNS, among them nitric oxide (NO), accelerates digestion e.g. by the alteration of ROS levels. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the stimulation of external digestion by NO_x supplementation linked to the modulation of the nutrient composition of the trap fluid, digestive enzyme activity and gene transcription. Using the digestion fluid of <em>N. ventrata</em> mature traps we indicated that NO_x temporarily increases K, Fe, Cu and ammonia that may be involved in the modulation of free radicals content. The stimulatory effect of NO_x on the activities of enzymes responsible for digestion, and on the transcripts’ levels of <em>Nepenthesin I</em> and <em>II</em>, <em>Purple Acid Phosphatase</em>, and <em>S-like Ribonuclease</em> was shown. The decrease in the level of carbonylated proteins (from food source) in the trap’ fluid during digestion suggests their absorption by <em>Nepenthes</em> trap tissues. We also demonstrated the presence of carbonylated proteins in the trap fluid before feeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 112558"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional compartmentalization of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in Nothofagus obliqua galls induced by Espinosa nothofagi","authors":"Lubia M. Guedes ,&nbsp;Constanza Meli ,&nbsp;José Ortiz ,&nbsp;Jéssica Ferreira de Lima ,&nbsp;Leticia Ponticel Nobrega ,&nbsp;Narciso Aguilera","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Galls induced by <em>Espinosa nothofagi</em> (Hymenoptera) on <em>Nothofagus obliqua</em> (Nothofagaceae) buds exhibit tissue compartmentalization, with an inner compartment (IC) specialized for larval nutrition and an outer compartment (OC) associated with defense and protection. Although previous studies have linked reactive oxygen species (ROS) to functional specialization in galls, comprehensive analyses of oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in distinct gall compartments are still limited. Additionally, <em>N. obliqua</em> is a deciduous species with active secondary growth in spring, which coincides with gall development and potentially influences host redox dynamics. This study evaluated ROS production, lipid peroxidation (MDA), and the activity of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems in gall compartments and nongalled stems (NGS). We hypothesized that ROS and antioxidant systems in galls are compartmentalized according to their function and that secondary growth in NGS leads to ROS accumulation, which is counteracted by antioxidant defenses. Both histochemical and quantitative analyses revealed low oxidative stress in the IC, which was supported by elevated dehydroascorbate reductase activity. The OC presented increased H₂O₂ levels and superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities, indicating exposure to environmental stressors. NGS resulted in the highest ROS levels, which were associated with intense cambial activity, along with strong enzymatic antioxidant responses. The colocalization of H₂O₂ and flavonoids suggests that these compounds act as effective ROS scavengers in both galls and NGS. Although each organ relies on distinct strategies, all effectively prevent membrane damage through efficient enzymatic and flavonoid-based antioxidant mechanisms. These findings demonstrate the functional compartmentalization of oxidative stress and defense, highlighting the role of redox balance during secondary growth and gall development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 112559"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The regulatory role of DELLA protein DkGAI1 in persimmon dwarfism","authors":"Xialin Ye,&nbsp;Xinyi Yu,&nbsp;Hongcheng Liu,&nbsp;Xinxin Lin,&nbsp;Xuting Wu,&nbsp;Jiangtao Yu,&nbsp;Shenchun Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persimmon (<em>Diospyros kaki</em> Thunb.) is an important fruit crop in East Asia with significant commercial potential. However, dwarfing cultivation in persimmon trees is rarely applied due to the lack of excellent dwarfing rootstocks and cultivars. ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ (<em>Diospyros kaki</em> Linn.cv. Nantongxiaofangshi) is an excellent persimmon cultivar suitable for dwarfing cultivation due to its distinct dwarfing characteristics, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we further identified the <em>DkGAI1</em> gene, which encodes a DELLA protein, as a candidate gene regulating dwarfing in ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ persimmon. Transgenic <em>D. lotus</em> (<em>Diospyros lotus</em> L.) overexpressing <em>DkGAI1</em> exhibited significant dwarfing and reduced levels of bioactive GAs. Biochemical analyses revealed that DkGAI1 interacts with DkMYB117. Moreover, DkGAI1 interferes with the DNA-binding activity of DkMYB117, thereby alleviating the repression of <em>DkGA2ox2</em>. The DkGAI1-DkMYB117-DkGA2ox2 module promotes gibberellin metabolism, ultimately contributing to the dwarfing of ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’. Our findings elucidate the molecular basis of dwarfing in ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ and provide valuable insights for the development of dwarf persimmon cultivars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 112560"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving role of histone H1 in shaping chromatin and epigenetic landscapes","authors":"Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Guisheng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Histone H1, long recognized for its fundamental role in stabilizing nucleosomes and compacting chromatin, is now emerging as a highly dynamic and versatile regulator essential for diverse nuclear processes. This review synthesizes recent advancements that move beyond H1's canonical structural functions, illuminating its intricate, often context-dependent, control over epigenetic modifications, gene expression, and 3D genome organization across eukaryotes. H1’s ability to modulate chromatin accessibility and architecture, influenced by its local density, variant composition, and dynamic binding, dictates its species- and locus-specific impacts. H1 critically shapes DNA methylation landscapes and the deposition of key histone marks H3K27me3, often by affecting enzyme accessibility and inter-pathway dynamics. Its transcriptional impact transcends canonical transposable element silencing, extending to the selective fine-tuning of gene expression, with certain H1 variants even functioning as direct transcriptional activators. Regarding 3D genome organization, while H1's local density drives compartmentalization and influences epigenetic states in mammals, in <em>Arabidopsis</em>, it exhibits more complex, locus-specific roles including modulating telomere clustering, interstitial telomeric repeat insulation, and facilitating phase separation for heterochromatin foci assembly. Collectively, these findings establish histone H1 not merely as a structural backbone, but as a sophisticated regulator that intricately links chromatin's physical state to its functional outputs, profoundly impacting genome integrity, gene regulation, and cellular identity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 112557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A R2R3-MYB transcription factor LmMYB111 positively regulates chlorogenic acid and luteoloside biosynthesis in Lonicera macranthoides","authors":"Yanni Liu ,&nbsp;Juan Lou ,&nbsp;Guohua Liu ,&nbsp;Qingqing Li ,&nbsp;Zhengyan Cao ,&nbsp;Peiyin Wu ,&nbsp;Haoyang Mashu ,&nbsp;Zhilin Liu ,&nbsp;Jia Deng ,&nbsp;Ziling Yang ,&nbsp;Jiang Guo ,&nbsp;Ning Tang ,&nbsp;Zexiong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Lonicera macranthoides</em> is a vital medicinal herb frequently used in Chinese traditional medicine. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and luteoloside are the most crucial bioactive pharmaceutical ingredients in <em>L. macranthoides</em>. Although CGA and luteoloside biosynthetic pathway and structural genes appeared to be extensively elucidated, the transcriptional regulation has yet to be unveiled. Here, integration of transcriptome and metabolome revealed a R2R3-MYB transcription factor LmMYB111 positively correlated with CGA concentration, which shares close homology with AtMYB111 and acts as a transcriptional activator. Overexpressing <em>LmMYB111</em> in tobacco and <em>Lonicera</em> resulted in enhanced production of CGA and luteoloside. RNA-Seq demonstrated that overexpression of <em>LmMYB111</em> dramatically upregulated CGA and luteoloside biosynthetic genes, including 10 <em>PALs</em>, 3 <em>C4Hs</em>, 7 <em>4CLs</em>, 4 <em>HCT/HQTs</em>, 3 <em>CHSs</em> and 5 <em>CHIs</em>. DNA Affinity Purification sequencing (DAP-Seq) revealed the binding motifs of LmMYB111 and 1135 downstream targets, including structural genes e.g. <em>PAL1/PAL4s</em>, <em>C4H</em>, <em>4CL2</em>, <em>CHI</em>, and <em>DFR</em> as well as several transcription factors (TFs), e.g. MYB3/MYB4, bHLH62/TT8, BEL1, SCL15/SCL32 and ERF3.The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) together with dual-luciferase reporter system (DLR) further proved that LmMYB111 bound to and activated <em>proLmMYB4</em>, <em>proLmPAL1</em>, <em>proLm4CL2</em>, <em>proLmCHI</em> and <em>proLmDFR</em>, therefore facilitating hyperaccumulation of CGA, luteoloside and other phenolics. These findings shed light on the participation of LmMYB111 in CGA and luteoloside biosynthetic regulatory networks in <em>L. macranthoides</em> mediated by controlling the expression of structural genes and TFs, which will contribute to elevate phenolics production by genetic engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 112556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced callose modulates stem mechanical strength in Paeonia lactiflora: Insights from xylem fiber cell formation, carbon transport and material metabolism","authors":"Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Mengting Zhu ,&nbsp;Yijia Jin ,&nbsp;Hui Cai ,&nbsp;Yiran Huang ,&nbsp;Yingling Wan ,&nbsp;Yan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Paeonia lactiflora</em> is an important garden ornamental flower and has become a new cut flower in the international market in recent years. Stem mechanical strength is an important index of cut flower quality. <em>P. lactiflora</em> cultivars possess varying stem mechanical strength, which directly result in different cut <em>P. lactiflora</em> quality. In our previous study, a significant difference in phloem callose deposition was detected between two <em>P. lactiflora</em> cultivars with varying stem mechanical strength. However, the relationship and interaction mechanism between the phloem callose and mechanical strength in <em>P. lactiflora</em> stems are still unclear. This study aimed to analyze the effects of reduced phloem callose on the mechanical strength in <em>P. lactiflora</em> stems. The results revealed a negative correlation between the callose content and mechanical strength in <em>P. lactiflora</em> stems during early developmental stages. Exogenous 2DDG treatment led to a 13.6 % reduction in the callose content, concomitantly enhancing the stem mechanical strength by 14.2 % via facilitating the formation and secondary cell wall (SCW) thickening of xylem fiber cells. Further investigations showed that exogenous 2DDG treatment promoted carbon transport in <em>P. lactiflora</em> stems, thereby increasing the carbon content. Additionally, it induced alterations in the metabolism of lipids, amino acids, and organic acids in the stems and spurred the diffusion of lipids from the pith to the xylem. Consequently, reducing the content of callose improved the formation and SCW thickening of xylem fiber cells by modifying material transport and metabolism, thereby enhancing the stem mechanical strength of <em>P. lactiflora</em>. This study offers novel perspectives regarding the regulatory mechanism of <em>P. lactiflora</em> stem mechanical strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 112555"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential participants and regulatory factors in ginsenoside biosynthesis of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer: The role of endophytic fungus PBF-08","authors":"Jinghui Yu ,&nbsp;Dinghui Wang ,&nbsp;Tiantian Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaochen Yu ,&nbsp;Sizhang Liu ,&nbsp;Yanfang Wang ,&nbsp;Kangyu Wang ,&nbsp;Mingzhu Zhao ,&nbsp;Ping Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Meiping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Panax ginseng</em> C.A. Meyer was recognized as a precious traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of application<em>.</em> It is widely used due to its high medicinal value. Ginsenosides were identified as a group of triterpenoid secondary metabolites in ginseng and were considered the main active ingredients of ginseng. Plant endophytes were recognized as microorganisms that resided within plant tissues, coexisting with the host plant for part or all of their life cycle and interacting with the external environment together. Ginseng endophytes, as symbiotic microorganisms with ginseng, possess various functions such as enhancing yield, increasing resistance, and improving quality, making them an important microbial resource for potential utilization. In this study, we screened and identified an endophytic fungus PBF-08, which has the ability to produce ginsenosides Rg2, Rg3, and Re. By optimizing its fermentation conditions using the response surface methodology, the total ginsenoside yield was significantly increased. Additionally, ginseng adventitious roots were treated with strain PBF-08 as an elicitor, which significantly increased the ginsenoside content by regulating the expression of key enzyme genes in the ginsenoside biosynthesis pathway under optimal treatment concentration and time. Widely targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that strain PBF-08 not only possesses a complete and active terpenoid biosynthesis pathway but also synthesizes various metabolites that influence plant growth and metabolism. In summary, the strain PBF-08 was found to have potential application value in exploring new methods for obtaining ginsenosides and in developing microbial elicitors for regulating ginsenoside biosynthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"358 ","pages":"Article 112553"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FERONIA interacts with NPL4 to regulate immunity gene mRNA nucleocytoplasmic transport in response to plant immunity","authors":"Li Guan ,&nbsp;Peilong Wang ,&nbsp;Yongliang Li ,&nbsp;Sufang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nucleocytoplasmic transport plays a critical role in the activation of immune mechanisms in plant cells. Fluorescence imaging analysis indicated that a high concentration of rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) suppresses the immune response and can induce nuclear envelope (NE) shape deformation. This phenomenon depends on the receptor kinase FERONIA (FER). Consistently, bacterial infection also affects NE shape. This study presents evidence that FER displays functional interactions with NPL4 and that phosphorylated NPL4 promotes its stability. We reported the identification and characterization of the nuclear localization protein NPL4, which is directly involved in general mRNA nuclear export. FER and NPL4 mutations both affected rhizosphere <em>Pseudomonas</em> colonization levels, suggesting that the interactions between FER and NPL4 are largely indispensable for regulating rhizosphere <em>Pseudomonas</em> colonization levels. In addition, NPL4 altered the mRNA nucleocytoplasmic distribution of immune genes in conjunction with the function of RALF-FER in the suppression of plant immunity. In brief, NPL4, which is downstream of FER is required for innate immunity and mRNA nuclear accumulation of resistance genes in <em>Arabidopsis</em>. Overall, through the analysis of RALF-FER and the nuclear localization protein NPL4, this work provides novel insights into the mRNA nucleocytoplasmic transport of immune genes and plant health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"357 ","pages":"Article 112545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of miR393 improves anthocyanin accumulation and osmotic stress tolerance of Brassica napus","authors":"Haotian Zhu ,&nbsp;Kaixuan Jiang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Meng ,&nbsp;Lulu Kuang ,&nbsp;Shuang Zhu ,&nbsp;Yongji Zhang ,&nbsp;Youping Wang ,&nbsp;Jinjin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Brassica napus</em> L. is an important oil crop grown worldwide. Mining for genes related to abiotic stress tolerance is valuable to improve the adaptability and increase the cultivation of <em>B. napus</em>. miR393 is a conserved miRNA family that plays multiple roles in regulating plant growth, development, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we reported miR393 as a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis that improved rapeseed tolerance to oxidative and osmotic stresses. Overexpression of miR393 up-regulated the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and stress responsive genes, thus resulted more anthocyanin accumulation and improved ROS-scavenging capability. Overall, this study indicated that miR393 could be applied in genetic improvement of <em>B. napus</em> with osmotic stress tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"357 ","pages":"Article 112523"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inheritance of resilience: genetic Mapping of transgenerational and intergenerational drought stress memory in wheat","authors":"Fatmah Ahmed Safhi ,&nbsp;Ahmad M. Alqudah ,&nbsp;Andreas Börner ,&nbsp;Samar G. Thabet","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress is a critical challenge for global wheat production, threatening food security by reducing crop yields and quality. The ability of wheat to adapt to and survive under drought conditions is largely dependent on its genetic makeup. Therefore, understanding the genetic associations controlling the effects of intergenerational and transgenerational stress memory underlying drought exposure histories in a diverse collection of 111 wheat accessions using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) plays a significant role in sustaining yields. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive comparison between seeds from the second-generation group that were not subjected to drought stress (C1C2) and seeds from groups that experienced drought stress in one generation, either two generations prior (D1C2; transgenerational drought memory) or in the preceding generation (C1D2; intergenerational drought memory). Additionally, we analyzed seeds from the group exposed to drought stress in both generations (D1D2; combined drought memory). Our findings reveal that historical exposure to drought stress, irrespective of the specific generational context, led to significant alterations in several key plant characteristics, including spike length, the number of spikelets per spike, grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand kernel weight, and levels of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. These results suggest that previous encounters with drought stress impart a lasting impact on the plant, potentially priming it for altered responses under future stress conditions. Using GWAS analysis, we identified highly significant associations and candidate genes associated with most of the traits evaluated, highlighting the genetic underpinnings that may drive these stress memory effects. Interestingly, the candidate gene <em>TraesCS2A02G432800</em> on chromosome 2 A mapped as Leucine-rich repeat protein 1 (LRR) that harbors the variation of all the agronomical traits for the wheat genotypes that experienced drought stress over three generations. LRR proteins are involved in various physiological processes, including stress response, making them key players in the adaptation of wheat to drought stress. This research underscores the importance of understanding environmental stressors' transgenerational and intergenerational impact on crop performance, with potential implications for breeding and agricultural resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"357 ","pages":"Article 112542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}