Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplementation modulates phosphorus retention, production of carbon metabolites and defense metabolism under arsenic toxicity in wheat","authors":"Sarika Kumari ,&nbsp;Pravneet Kaur ,&nbsp;Moksh Mahajan ,&nbsp;Soumya Ranjan Nayak ,&nbsp;Risheek Rahul Khanna ,&nbsp;Md Tabish Rehman ,&nbsp;Mohamed F. AlAjmi ,&nbsp;M. Iqbal R. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arsenic (As) stress has been incessantly degrading crop productivity, and thereafter leading to the increasing grave conditions pertaining to the unsustainable food production. In plants, As stress has been considered as one of the serious phytotoxins persisting in the environment, endangering crop shelf life through competing with phosphorus availability. The withholding of As in the staple crop, wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em>), is the major concern. It has been advocated the significance of plant signaling molecules, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), in mediating plant health response to environmental stresses, but their impacts on As contamination in wheat plants from the perspective of growth and physiological tolerance still remain ambiguous at present. The present study investigated the significance of GABA supplementation in wheat plants on phosphorus and carbon metabolisms, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, As accumulation, defense systems, and growth responses under As stress. In this study, GABA supplementation aided in the retention of phosphorus and carbon metabolites, sustained photosynthetic traits, and considerably modulated both chloroplastic and mitochondrial ATPase activity under As stress. Further, As-induced oxidative stress injuries were recovered through the activation of defense metabolites, and suppressed oxidative stress markers and As accumulation, which was found concomitant with the improved As tolerance index. Thus, this investigation offers insightful information that might be useful in future investigations to develop wheat tolerance to withstand under As-contaminated environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112504"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BAHD acyltransferase OsSLG mediates rice cadmium tolerance by integrating the brassinosteroid and salicylic acid pathway","authors":"Zaoli Zhang ,&nbsp;Long Li ,&nbsp;Shunjiao Qiu ,&nbsp;Yanyan Sun ,&nbsp;Rongjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongmei Chen ,&nbsp;Pinghua Chen ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Song ,&nbsp;Rensen Zeng ,&nbsp;Long Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element that significantly threatens plant growth and human health. Brassinosteroids (BRs) and salicylic acid (SA) are crucial phytohormones involved in plant growth and defense. While the mechanisms by which BRs and SA individually regulate various plant biological processes have been extensively studied, their interaction with Cd in rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that <em>SLENDER GRAIN</em> (<em>OsSLG</em>), a BR biosynthesis-related gene, plays a critical role in regulating in rice. Overexpression of <em>OsSLG</em> enhanced Cd tolerance, whereas <em>OsSLG</em> RNA interference (RNAi) lines (<em>OsSLG</em>-Ri) exhibited hypersensitivity to Cd stress. Exogenous BR treatment improved the Cd tolerance of the wild type and rescued the Cd-sensitive phenotype of <em>OsSLG</em>-Ri. Furthermore, <em>OsSLG</em> overexpression significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Cd accumulation, this reduction was attributed to the downregulation of genes involved in Cd absorption and transport, as well as the upregulation of genes associated with Cd detoxification and ROS scavenging. In addition, OsSLG enhanced the photosynthetic capacity and mineral element content in rice plants, improving their ability to cope with Cd stress. Gene expression analysis showed that OsSLG promoted the expression of the SA pathway genes, and phenotypic analysis confirmed that SA positively regulates Cd tolerance in rice. Notably, BR-induced Cd tolerance was diminished in SA biosynthesis-deficient rice plants overexpressing SA hydroxylase genes <em>OsS5H1</em> and <em>OsS5H2</em>, suggesting that the SA pathway is necessary for BR-mediated Cd tolerance. In conclusion, our findings highlight OsSLG as a key player in elucidating the interplay between BR and SA under Cd stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112503"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light and chloroplast redox state modulate the progression of tobacco leaf infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv tabaci","authors":"Rocío C. Arce ,&nbsp;Mariana Demarchi ,&nbsp;Nicolás Figueroa ,&nbsp;María Laura Delprato ,&nbsp;Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei ,&nbsp;Martín L. Mayta ,&nbsp;Anabella F. Lodeyro ,&nbsp;Adriana R. Krapp ,&nbsp;Néstor Carrillo","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light influences plant stress responses, with chloroplasts playing a pivotal role as both energy providers and light sensors. They communicate with the nucleus through multiple retrograde signals, including secondary metabolites and reactive oxygen species (ROS). To investigate the contribution of chloroplast redox biochemistry during biotic interactions, we studied the response of tobacco leaves expressing the alternative electron shuttle flavodoxin to <em>Pseudomonas syringae</em> pathovars displaying different types of plant-pathogen interactions under light and dark conditions. Flavodoxin is reported to limit light-dependent ROS propagation and over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport system under stress. Light intensified localized cell death (LCD) in response to the incompatible pathovar <em>tomato</em> (<em>Pto</em>), but slowed disease progression caused by infective pathovar <em>tabaci</em> (<em>Pta</em>). Flavodoxin mitigated light responses during both interactions, including decreased ROS levels, reduced stromule occurrence, and lower phytoalexin production. Similar metabolic profiles were observed in the dark for both strains, with a general up-regulation of sugars, metabolic intermediates, and amino acids. In the light, instead, <em>Pta</em> increased hexoses and intermediates, while <em>Pto</em> decreased them. The results suggest that LCD-like lesions are elicited in the light even during virulent interactions, and that light effects are related to signals originating from the photosynthetic machinery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effects of seed priming with nanoencapsulated nitric oxide donors on the early development and drought tolerance of wheat plants","authors":"Beatriz Larissa de Souza ,&nbsp;Joana Claudio Pieretti ,&nbsp;Claudemir Zucareli ,&nbsp;Amedea Barozzi Seabra ,&nbsp;Halley Caixeta Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this work was to identify the effect of seed priming with nitric oxide (NO)-releasing nanoparticles on the germination process and initial growth of wheat plants (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) under water deficit conditions in a laboratory and in a greenhouse environment, and compare the results with the non-nanoencapsulated NO donors. Initially, a dose-response curve was made for chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles containing S-nitroso-mercaptosuccinic acid (NP-MSNO) or S-nitrosoglutathione (NP-GSNO), which showed the optimal dose of 500 µM of both NO donors for the protection of wheat against water deficit. Subsequently, comparisons were made of the effects of priming with NP-GSNO and NP-MSNO in relation to priming with water, free MSNO and GSNO, and chitosan nanoparticles without NO donor, as well as the control without priming, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, to evaluate morphological, physiological, and biochemical parameters. When the water deficit was applied in the laboratory, the NP-MSNO and NP-GSNO treatments led to greater increases in germination, chlorophyll content, and root morphological parameters compared to the other treatments. In the greenhouse, seed priming with NP-GSNO or NP-MSNO led to gains in root morphology, leaf water content, stomatal conductance, and S-nitrosothiol content in shoots and roots. In particular, nanoencapsulated GSNO promoted the best responses. In general, seed priming with nanoencapsulated NO donors provided benefits for germination and the vigor of wheat seedlings under water deficit, and these benefits remained in the greenhouse environment for a period of more than 30 days after treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112498"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of multiple C2 domain and transmembrane region proteins in mediating tomato development","authors":"Siyi Li ,&nbsp;Ribin Ling ,&nbsp;Xuexia Wu ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Lijie Xuan","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple C2 domain and transmembrane region proteins (MCTPs) are an evolutionarily conserved family involved in protein trafficking and signal transduction. Although several investigations have demonstrated that MCTPs play crucial roles in plant growth and development, their specific biological functions within tomatoes (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.) remain predominantly mysterious. In this study, we identify and characterize 14 <em>SlMCTP</em> genes derived from tomatoes. Chromosome mapping, gene structure, phylogenetic connections, and subcellular localization are presented herein. Meanwhile, the varied expression patterns of <em>SlMCTPs</em> within different tissues and under diverse hormonal and NaCl treatment conditions are revealed. Moreover, we find that <em>SlMCTP10</em>, <em>SlMCTP11</em>, and <em>SlMCTP12</em>, which belong to the same clade, display high expression levels at the main stem apex, suggesting their potential functions in shoot development. Furthermore, we knock out the <em>SlMCTP10</em> gene in tomato using CRISPR-Cas9. The <em>Slmctp10</em> seedlings exhibit defects in shoot meristem development, manifested by abnormal cotyledons and shorter internodes. Together, our findings offer fundamental insights into the SlMCTP family and uncover the role of SlMCTP proteins in regulating shoot meristem development in tomato plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional analysis of BAG gene family contributing to verticillium wilt resistance in upland cotton","authors":"Zhijuan Hu ,&nbsp;Jingjie Yuan ,&nbsp;Run Zou ,&nbsp;Yilan Wang ,&nbsp;Xuan Peng ,&nbsp;Xingyong Yang ,&nbsp;Chengjian Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cotton fiber is a primary textile material and a significant economic resource globally. <em>Verticillium dahliae</em>, a destructive soil-borne fungal pathogen, severely impacts cotton yields. The Bcl-2–associated athanogene (BAG) protein family, functioning as molecular chaperone co-chaperones, plays a crucial role in plant stress responses. In this study, 24, 12, and 11 <em>BAG</em> genes were identified in upland cotton (<em>Gossypium hirsutum</em>), Asiatic cotton (<em>G. arboreum</em>), and Levant cotton (<em>G. raimondii</em>), respectively. The <em>BAG</em> gene family demonstrates relative conservation throughout cotton evolution. Conserved domain analysis revealed that BAG proteins from these species universally contain the conserved BAG domain, with some members also possessing the UBL domain and CaM-binding motifs. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was utilized to investigate gene function in upland cotton. Compared to the negative control, following <em>V. dahliae</em> infection, the silencing of GhBAG7.1 and GhBAG6.2 makes the plants more susceptible to infection, showing symptoms earlier. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated that <em>V. dahliae</em> infection upregulated the expression of <em>GhBAG7.1, GhBAG6.2</em>, and <em>GhBAG4.1</em> in upland cotton, while <em>GhBAG4.4</em> expression was downregulated. Furthermore, following the silencing of the <em>GhBAG6.2</em> gene, <em>V. dahliae</em> infection led to an initial upregulation of disease resistance-related genes (<em>ERF1</em>, <em>PR5</em>, <em>PDF1.2</em>, <em>NPR1</em>, <em>PR1</em>, <em>OPR3</em>), which was followed by a subsequent decrease in their expression. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a transient upregulation of defense-related pathways, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, MAPK signaling pathway, and plant-pathogen interactions, at 48- and 96-hours post-inoculation with <em>V. dahliae</em>. The findings provide a foundation for future research on stress-tolerant genes in cotton and offer new genetic resources for breeding disease-resistant cotton varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112501"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis reveal the regulatory mechanism of StHY5 on anthocyanin accumulation in potato tubers","authors":"Huiling Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Liu ,&nbsp;Yanan Zhao ,&nbsp;Enshuang Wang ,&nbsp;Jianhua Zhou ,&nbsp;Kaixin Chang ,&nbsp;Xijuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Botao Song","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light is a key factor for inducing anthocyanin biosynthesis; however, its regulatory mode in potato anthocyanin biosynthesis remains unclear. Previous research identified a specific genotype that causes the tuber skin to gradually turn purple when exposed to light of different wavelengths. In the present study, we conducted metabolome and transcriptome analyses on tuber samples during anthocyanin accumulation. The metabolome data showed that the contents of naringenin chalcone, naringenin, dihydrokaempferol, and cyanidin gradually increased during anthocyanin accumulation. The transcriptome data showed that the expression levels of most structural genes increased gradually during anthocyanin accumulation, especially the <em>StF3’H</em> gene that promotes cyanidin formation. Moreover, the photo-responsive transcription factor <em>StHY5</em> was specifically expressed at high levels before anthocyanin accumulation, occurring 2 h after light induction. Establishment of transgenic lines demonstrated that StHY5 overexpression could promote the accumulation of anthocyanin in potato tubers, along with a parallel increase in the transcription levels of <em>StAN2</em>, <em>StMYBA1</em>, <em>StCHI</em>, <em>StF3H</em>, <em>StF3’H</em>, and <em>StDFR</em>. Electrophoretic mobility shift and dual luciferase assays showed that StHY5 can enhance the promoter activity of the MYB transcription factors <em>StAN2</em> and <em>StMYBA1</em> as well as the structural genes <em>StCHI</em> and <em>StF3H</em> through binding to the G-box motif. StAN2 activated the expression of <em>StF3’H</em> (a newly identified purple gene locus in potato) and <em>StDFR</em> by binding to the MYB-binding site in the promoters, thereby promoting anthocyanin biosynthesis. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the molecular mechanism of light-regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis in potatoes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112500"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of maize transcription factor ZmNF-YC14 positively regulates drought and salt stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Yimeng Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Jiao ,&nbsp;Chunlai Wang ,&nbsp;Chenyang Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Wei ,&nbsp;Siyan Liu ,&nbsp;Yiyong Ma ,&nbsp;Shuyan Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) is a food crop with the largest planted area globally and one of the highest total yields worldwide. However, in recent years, deteriorating climate, increasing scarcity of freshwater resources, and rising land salinity have caused drought and salinity stress to be the two major factors that restrict crop growth, development, and yield, significantly affecting crop production and ecological sustainability. Nuclear factor Ys (NF-Ys) are an important class of transcription factors (TFs); however, their roles in plant stress tolerance responses and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we conducted a bioinformatic analysis of 17 members of the maize NF-YC family and examined the <em>ZmNF-YC14</em> gene through multiple sequence alignment among different species and HFD_NF-YC-like functional domains. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results indicated that <em>ZmNF-YC14</em> exhibited the highest expression levels in maize leaves and was positively expressed under both drought and salt stress treatments. Western blot analysis revealed a distinct band at 27.68 kDa. Analyses of <em>Escherichia coli</em> BL21 and yeast strains confirmed that <em>ZmNF-YC14</em> plays a biological role in enhancing tolerance to salt and drought stress. <em>Arabidopsis</em> plants overexpressing <em>ZmNF-YC14</em> demonstrated reduced levels of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and malondialdehyde while exhibiting increased peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities after drought and salt stress treatments. This effect was attributed to the reciprocal relationship between <em>ZmNF-YC14</em> and its downstream target gene <em>ZmCONSTANS-LIKE16</em>. Therefore, <em>ZmNF-YC14</em> and <em>ZmCONSTANS-LIKE16</em> may be essential for the response to abiotic stresses such as drought and salt stress in maize. They play a crucial role in the development of new germplasm, cultivation of new maize varieties, addressing the 'necklace' problem in crop breeding, and ensuring national food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of Rboh enhances inorganic carbon acquisition through coordinating with carbonic anhydrase in Pyropia yezoensis","authors":"Zhizhuo Shao ,&nbsp;Menglin Guo ,&nbsp;Hong Wang ,&nbsp;Wenhui Gu ,&nbsp;Xiujun Xie ,&nbsp;Guangce Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pyropia yezoensis</em> is an important intertidal economic macroalgae, which is periodically affected by various stresses, such as the limitation of inorganic carbon (C_i) deficiency. Under such environment, the redox homeostasis within the cells of <em>P. yezoensis</em> is seriously affected, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal transduction system would be activated to regulate the photosynthetic activity. Therefore, how <em>P. yezoensis</em> manage ROS to maintain effective photosynthetic carbon fixation has aroused great interest. Here, we characterize transformants overexpressing respiratory burst oxidase homolog (<em>Rboh</em>), an important gene that can actively produce ROS, at the levels of cellular physiology, biochemistry, and transcriptomics. Our data indicated the expression of <em>Rboh</em> significantly increased, accompanied by a significant upregulated expression of alpha-type carbonic anhydrase 3 (α<em>CA3</em>) and increased extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity in the <em>Rboh</em> overexpressing strains. Interestingly, compared with the wild type, the photosynthetic activity of transgenic strains was significantly higher under the low C_i and high light condition, implying that the ROS signal triggered by overexpression of <em>Rboh</em> was involved in regulating the C_i absorption and utilization in <em>P. yezoensis</em> when the C_i source was limited. In summary, this study provided evidence supporting the correlation between the ROS production and the Ci utilization under stress environments in <em>P. yezoensis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112497"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrus pyrifolia WRKY31 activates the ribosomal protein gene RPL12 to confer black spot resistance","authors":"Xiangyu Cheng ,&nbsp;Caihua Xing ,&nbsp;Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Likun Lin ,&nbsp;Keke Zhao ,&nbsp;Huizhen Dong ,&nbsp;Xiaosan Huang ,&nbsp;Shaoling Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ribosomal proteins (RPs) are essential for genetic transcription and translation, playing a key role in plant growth, development, and stress responses, including disease resistance. However, the function and transcriptional regulation of RPL12 remain poorly understood. Investigating the gene function and the transcription factors that govern its expression is crucial to understanding its mechanism. In this study, a novel transcription factor gene, <em>PpWRKY31</em>, was isolated from <em>Pyrus pyrifolia</em>. The PpWRKY31 protein is expressed in the nucleus and belongs to Group IIb WRKY transcription factors. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that its expression was upregulated under the treatment of <em>Alternaria alternata</em>, as well as to exogenous hormonal treatments. Using yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay, dual-luciferase eporter assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), we demonstrated that PpWRKY31 can bind to the W-box element in the promoter region of <em>PpRPL12</em>. Overexpression of either <em>PpWRKY31</em> or <em>PpRPL12</em> enhanced the resistance of both pear and <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> plants to black spot disease, evidenced by reduced lesion size and increased activity of defense enzyme. Conversely, silencing of <em>PpWRKY31</em> or <em>PpRPL12</em> markedly diminished the resistance of pear to black spot disease. <em>PpWRKY31</em> overexpression was observed to notably enhance the expression of <em>PpRPL12</em> and genes associated with salicylic acid, inducing changes in the activity of enzymes related to the phenylpropanoid pathway, such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). In conclusion, this study elucidates a novel PpWRKY31-PpRPL12 signaling pathway that enhances resistance to pear black spot disease, providing insights into the regulatory networks underpinning plant defense responses.</div></div><div><h3>Core</h3><div>Pear black spot disease, caused by <em>Alternaria alternata,</em> seriously affects fruit quality and yield. We identified that <em>PpWRKY31</em> transgenic calli responded to <em>Alternaria alternata</em> in pear. PpWRKY31 binds to the W-box <em>cis</em>-element of the <em>PpRPL12</em> promoter, upregulating the expression of <em>PpRPL12</em>. The PpWRKY31-PpRPL12 regulatory module indirectly influences the downstream salicylic acid and phenylpropanoid pathways, ultimately enhancing the pear's black spot resistance.</div></div><div><h3>Gene and accession numbers</h3><div>The sequence information used in this study is available in the Pear Genome Database (<span><span>http://peargenome.njau.edu.cn/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, and The Arabidopsis Information Resource, see Table S2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112487"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}