Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of histone acetyltransferase members and functional dissection of histone acetylation-mediated desiccation tolerance in Syntrichia caninervis.","authors":"Amangul Hawar, Yakupjan Haxim, Qilin Yang, Fangliu Yin, Xuncheng Liu, Xiaoshuang Li, Daoyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Desiccation tolerance (DT) has contributed greatly to the adaptation of land plants to severe water-deficient conditions. Despite substantial progress in physiological, transcriptomic and genomic research achieved in recent years, the role of histone acetylation in regulating DT remains largely unexplored. Syntrichia caninervis (S. caninervis) is an emerging model for DT plants that possesses the remarkable ability to survive near complete dehydration and rapidly recover within seconds upon rehydration. In this study, eight Histone Acetyltransferases (HATs) were identified and classified into six groups based on conserved gene structures and motif compositions. These HATs exhibit distinct gene expression patterns in response to desiccation stress. Following treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor MB-3, S. caninervis exhibited compromised DT during dehydration-rehydration process. Transcriptome analysis revealed that, during the dehydration-rehydration process, various biological processes including photosynthesis, antioxidant pathways, diverse metabolic activities, ATP synthesis, as well as the activity of transcription factors, are all adversely affected by inhibiting the function of histone acetylation. Taken together, our work identified the HAT family members in S. caninervis and proposed that histone acetylation plays a crucial role in regulating DT through versatile mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112658"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subfunctionalization, neofunctionalization, and nonfunctionalization of the four soybean phytochrome A genes.","authors":"Lixin Ma, Ting Zhang, Sujun Ye, Wenmin Lin, Yinhua Lv, Wenmin Liu, Fanjiang Kong, Baohui Liu, Yang Tang, Xiaoya Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gene duplication generates new genes, which retain their original function or undergo subfunctionalization, neofunctionalization, or nonfunctionalization. The phytochrome A (PHYA) genes in soybean (Glycine max) have undergone duplication to produce GmPHYA1, GmPHYA2 (E4), GmPHYA3 (E3), and GmPHYA4, each with distinct evolutionary fates. Using genetic and biochemical analyses, we discovered that GmPHYA1 has undergone subfunctionalization and is essential for regulating photomorphogenesis and plant height in soybean. GmPHYA2 has experienced both subfunctionalization and neofunctionalization, as it regulates flowering time under far red-enriched light and red-enriched light. GmPHYA3 has undergone neofunctionalization; despite losing some ancestral functions, it has gained two characteristics not observed in Arabidopsis thaliana PHYA: protein stability in red light and regulation of flowering-time under red-enriched light. GmPHYA4, which lacks a key phyA domain and has lost all functionality, is considered a pseudogene. These findings demonstrate the varied outcomes of the duplication of soybean GmPHYA genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TuNHL1, an NDR1/HIN1 like gene, is essential for YrU1-mediated stripe rust resistance and enhances powdery mildew resistance in plants.","authors":"Jiahao Ji, Yue Xu, Xiaohong Zhang, Yujing Li, Dingzhong Tang, Shenghao Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>YrU1 encodes a coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (CNL) immune receptor with additional ankyrin-repeat and WRKY domains, and confers robust resistance against the stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). YrU1 was identified through map-based cloning in Triticum urartu accession PI428309, the progenitor species of the A genome of hexaploid wheat. Despite its established role in conferring Pst resistance, the molecular mechanisms and interacting components involved in YrU1-mediated immunity remain largely undefined. In this study, we identified TuNHL1, a plasma membrane-localized NDR1/HIN1-like (NHL) protein, as a key component required for YrU1-mediated stripe rust resistance. TuNHL1 exhibits self-association and is capable of triggering hypersensitive cell death when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of TuNHL1 using the barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) system in the resistant T. urartu accession PI428309 significantly compromised resistance to the Pst isolate CY33, indicating that TuNHL1 is essential for YrU1-triggered immune responses. Moreover, overexpression of TuNHL1 in both wheat and Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced resistance to powdery mildew following inoculation with their respective pathogens. Taken together, our results revealed important roles of TuNHL1 in YrU1-mediated stripe rust resistance and powdery mildew resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112701"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitric oxide mitigates selenium phytotoxicity in barley: Inhibiting selenium absorption, altering selenium distribution, and strengthening the antioxidant system","authors":"Chao Cheng ,&nbsp;Yunxin Yi ,&nbsp;Qing Li ,&nbsp;Huirong Yang ,&nbsp;Teodora Emilia Coldea ,&nbsp;Haifeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Gijs Du Laing","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium (Se) contamination may pose significant challenges to agricultural sustainability and food security in Se-rich environments. The potential of nitric oxide (NO) in improving Se tolerance in barley was investigated in this study. Selenium stress greatly increased endogenous NO content in barley, while exogenous NO donor (sodium nitroprusside, SNP) limited Se uptake by downregulating the expression of <em>HvPT</em> gene. Additionally, NO accelerated Se metabolism by upregulating the expression of <em>HvSIR</em>, <em>HvCS</em>, <em>HvCγS</em>, and <em>HvCβL</em> genes, thereby raising the proportion of organic Se in barley to 86.6 %. NO altered Se distribution by facilitating the translocation from nascent tissues to less active tissues, and shifted Se distribution from the soluble fraction to the cell wall at the subcellular level. SNP significantly upregulated antioxidant-related genes (<em>Cu/Zn SOD</em>, <em>APX</em>, <em>GSH</em>-<em>Px</em>), and elevated the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, AsA). These protective effects were abolished by NO scavenger (cPTIO), confirming the specific role of NO. Additionally, NO alleviated Se-induced growth inhibition by enhancing root vigor, respiration rate, and proline accumulation. Overall, this study highlights the role of NO in modulating Se metabolism and antioxidant defenses in barley and provides novel insights for optimizing Se-enriched crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"361 ","pages":"Article 112799"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitric Oxide-induced Na⁺/H⁺ exchange activity confers salt tolerance in pea (Pisum sativum L.) mesophyll cells.","authors":"Ping Yun, Shivam Sidana, Jiarui Zheng, Lana Shabala, Sergey Shabala","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity stress severely hinders global agricultural productivity, and the issue will only increase under current climate scenarios. Due to complexity of salinity tolerance traits, crop breeding for salt tolerance remains a highly challenging task. The exogenous application of growth regulators, such as nitric oxide (NO), is considered a viable practical alternative to boost crop yield and quality under conditions of soil salinity. Numerous papers reported beneficial role of exogenous NO application on plant growth under salt stress, but very few explored the mechanistic basis of this process. Here, we investigated the effects of NO (generated by 0.1mM NO donor sodium nitroprusside) on ionic homeostasis in pea mesophyll cells in response to 100mM NaCl and 10mM H₂O₂ treatments. Membrane potential (MP) and fluxes of Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ were measured using the Microelectrode Ion Flux Estimation (MIFE) technique. Application of NO reduced Na⁺ accumulation and salt-induced K⁺ loss from leaf mesophyll, thus improving cell viability and leaf photochemistry (SPAD and Fv/Fm characteristics). These ameliorating effects were attributed to NO's ability to restore (otherwise depolarized) MP, enhance Na⁺ efflux from the cytosol, and alter sensitivity of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducible Ca²⁺- and K⁺-permeable ion channels. Pharmacological experiments indicated that the Na⁺ efflux was attributed to Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger activity. Altogether, this study demonstrated, for the first time, a direct control of plasma membrane ion transporters in leaf mesophyll cells by NO, thereby affecting NaCl-induced Ca²⁺ signaling and intracellular Na⁺ and K⁺ homeostasis, thus conferring salt tolerance in pea mesophyll cells. These findings expanded our understanding of the role of NO in enhancing salinity stress tolerance in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112804"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Nitric Oxide Signals: The S-Denitrosation Machinery in Plants.","authors":"Tereza Jedelská, Lenka Luhová, Marek Petřivalský","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>S-nitrosation of protein cysteines has been recognised as a crucial mechanism mediating the biological activity of nitric oxide (NO). Here, we review the current knowledge on the enzymatic machinery mediating protein S-denitrosation in plants, a key process that modulates S-nitrosothiol levels within NO redox signalling pathways. Three major enzymatic systems are characterised: the NADPH-dependent thioredoxin system, S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), and aldo-keto reductases (AKRs). Protein S-nitrosothiols are reduced via dithiol-disulfide exchange mechanisms catalysed by thioredoxins, which are re-reduced by NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductases. GSNO, the principal low-molecular-weight S-nitrosothiol, is degraded by GSNOR, indirectly modulating the global S-nitrosation status. This process is tightly regulated via reversible oxidative and nitrosative modifications of GSNOR's cysteine residues. In the absence or impairment of GSNOR activity, compensatory GSNO catabolism is mediated by upregulated AKR isoforms exhibiting NADPH-dependent GSNO reductase activity. The physiological and developmental relevance of protein denitrosation is examined in the context of root morphogenesis, gametophytic development, and immune responses, where S-denitrosation has been demonstrated to modulate the activity, stability, and subcellular localisation of key regulatory proteins. Moreover, pathogen-derived effectors targeting denitrosylases such as GSNOR have been implicated in virulence strategies to disrupt NO homeostasis. Denitrosation represents a critical regulatory node in NO redox signalling, with spatial and temporal specificity yet to be fully elucidated. Further elucidation of the enzymatic substrate specificity, subcellular localisation, and cross-regulatory mechanisms under both physiological and stress conditions is required to fully define the role of denitrosation in plant redox biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Compromised function of ARM, the interactor of Arabidopsis telomerase, suggests its role in stress responses\" [Plant Sci. 325 (2022) 111453].","authors":"Klára Přikrylová Konečná, Agata Kilar, Petra Kováčiková, Jiří Fajkus, Eva Sýkorová, Miloslava Fojtová","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112614","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice OsRDR1 and OsSGS3b enhance defense against viral, bacterial, and fungal infections.","authors":"S G Wagh, S A Bhor, M M Alam, T Tanaka, H Chen, M E Ali, T Ohira, Y Suitsu, A Miyao, H Hirochika, K Kobayashi, T Yaeno, M Nishiguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 (RDR1) and Suppressor of Gene Silencing 3 (SGS3) are central components of RNA silencing in plants. Here, we investigated the rice homologs of the genes OsRDR1 and OsSGS3b to determine their roles in defense against viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens in rice. Tos17 retrotransposon insertion rice mutant lines were used to generate single mutant lines (Osrdr1 and Ossgs3b), and a double mutant line (Osrdr1/Ossgs3b) was created through crossing. In addition, overexpressed (oe) lines of OsRDR1 and OsSGS3b were developed (OsRDR1oe and OsSGS3boe). These lines were inoculated with Cucumovirus cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Bymovirus rice necrosis mosaic virus (RNMV), Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (XO) and Magnaporthe oryzae (MO), respectively. Among all lines tested, the double mutant showed the highest susceptibility to all pathogens, while single mutants were more susceptible than the wild type. Microarray analysis of the mutant lines revealed downregulation of defense-related and signaling pathway genes. Together, these findings demonstrate that OsRDR1 and OsSGS3b positively regulate broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice, highlighting the contribution of RNA silencing not only to antiviral defense but also to antibacterial and antifungal immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112793"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of low light during grain-Filling stage on starch biosynthesis and related gene expression in rice","authors":"Yanxiu Du,&nbsp;Xin Ji,&nbsp;Chun Ye,&nbsp;Yile Sheng,&nbsp;Hongzheng Sun,&nbsp;Junzhou Li,&nbsp;Quanzhi Zhao,&nbsp;Shuping Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the grain-filling stage of rice, overcast and rainy conditions with low sunlight reduce both yield and quality. Grain filling in rice primarily involves starch synthesis and accumulation, yet the molecular mechanisms by which low light affects starch biosynthesis remain poorly understood. In this study, shading treatments were applied during the grain-filling stage to simulate low-light conditions, and its effects on starch synthesis and related gene expression in rice grains were investigated. The result demonstrated that low light significantly decreased the 1000-grain weight while increasing chalky grain rate and chalkiness. It also reduced grain weight and starch content during grain filling. The endosperm starch structure displayed reduced compactness, with loosely arranged compound starch granules exhibiting intergranular gaps and surface adherents. Furthermore, the expression of key starch biosynthesis genes (<em>OsSuS3</em>, <em>OsBT1</em>, <em>GBSSI</em>, and <em>SSIII-2</em>) was downregulated under low light. Additionally, the expression of the light-signaling gene <em>OsPHYB</em> declined during the active grain-filling phase, whereas <em>OsPIL13</em>/<em>OsPIL14</em> increased. In <em>osphyb</em> mutants, increased chalkiness, elevated <em>OsPIL13</em>/<em>OsPIL14</em>, and reduced <em>SSIII-2</em>/<em>GBSSI</em> mRNA abundance were observed. Yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed <em>OsPIL13</em>/<em>OsPIL14</em> bind to <em>SSIII-2</em> and <em>GBSSI</em> promoters. Thus, <em>OsPHYB</em> likely regulates starch synthesis via OsPIL13/OsPIL14-mediated suppression of <em>SSIII-2</em> and <em>GBSSI</em>. These findings indicate that low light affects starch synthesis in rice grains through multiple pathways: by limiting substrate supply, reducing catalytic efficiency, and disrupting light-mediated signaling. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms by which low light influences rice yield and quality from both energetic and signaling perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"361 ","pages":"Article 112796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African rice OgGL8 enhances grain length and yield in Asian rice.","authors":"Mengna Mo, Wei He, Bin Gao, Yuhang Zhou, Liangcai Leng, Junman Zeng, Zhixue Huo, Jing Ning, Wenkai Luo, Leqin Chang, Zuofeng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grain length is a critical characteristic of grain shape and significantly impacts grain yield in rice. This study we present African cultivated OgGL8, an allele derived from African-cultivated rice (Oryza glaberrima), as a novel variant of the Grain Width 8 (GW8) gene that regulates both grain length and grain weight. We identified novel polymorphisms in the promoter sequences of OgGL8 and OsGL8. Genetic complementation and overexpression experiments validated that OgGL8 acts as a regulator of grain length and 1000-grain weight. The near-isogenic line (NIL^CG34) carrying OgGL8 displayed significantly enhanced grain length (+12.93%), grain yield (+13.76%), and panicle length (+3.98%) relative to TC65. The findings demonstrate that the OgGL8 allele present in Oryza glaberrima confers a more pronounced enhancement of grain length and yield potential than its counterpart in Oryza sativa. It attributed to enhanced cell proliferation during panicle development. Expression pattern analysis indicated significantly higher GL8 expression levels in young panicles of TC65 than in CG34, consistent with the stronger promoter activity of GL8^TC65 in protoplast assays. Subcellular localization confirmed that OsGL8 protein is nuclear-localized. Yeast transactivation assays further revealed its transcriptional activation activity, with functional domains distributed in both the N-terminal and C-terminal regions. These findings not only elucidate the mechanism by which OgGL8 regulates grain size but also provide new genetic resources for improving rice yield-related traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112794"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}