Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Can high-throughput 3D and multispectral phenotyping detect early grapevine responses to water stress events?","authors":"Francesco Paladini ,&nbsp;Davide Lucien Patono ,&nbsp;Fernando De Palo,&nbsp;Alberto Acquadro ,&nbsp;Claudio Lovisolo","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenotyping is pivotal in biological and agronomical research, enabling the characterization of phenotypic traits in living organisms. Recent advancements have led to the development of innovative platforms that enhance the precision of phenotyping, integrating genetic and ecophysiological analyses for a comprehensive understanding of plant growth under controlled conditions. These technologies are instrumental in studying plant responses to environmental stresses, such as drought, which disrupts water balance in plants. This study focuses on the adaptability of grafted grapevines (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.) to drought stress, emphasizing the rootstock influence on scion performance. The experimental trial was performed at 'PhenoPlant,' a cutting-edge phenotyping platform at the University of Torino, DISAFA. PhenoPlant is a non-invasive, high-throughput tool that employs advanced technologies, including a PlantEye sensor for 3D vision and multispectral imaging, measurement of the potted-plant evapotranspiration by gravimetric technique, water potential assessment and Infra-Red Gas Analysis for leaf-to-atmosphere gas exchange detection. Grapevine responses to drought stress across eleven scion/rootstock combinations, featuring clones of Nebbiolo and Pinot Noir grafted onto rootstocks with varying drought tolerance were assessed. A 13-day drought-recovery experiment on grafted 1-year old plants, three months after in-pot-transplanting revealed significant differences in drought responses among rootstock/scion combinations. Drought-tolerant rootstocks (e.g., 1103 P, 110 R, 140Ru, M2) maintained stable spectrometric indices (e.g.: GLI, Green Leaf Index) mirroring morpho-physiological ones (e.g., Leaf Surface Angle - SA, Stomatal Conduction - gs, Stem Water Potential and Evapotranspiration), unlike their less tolerant counterparts (e.g., Kober 5BB, SO4, 420 A, Gravesac). In particular, after 10 days of water removal, a reduced variation in some traits was observed in tolerant combinations (SA: 39–44°; GLI ≈ 0.33–0.35; gs: 34.5–45.4 mmol H₂O·m⁻²·s⁻¹), while decreasing markedly in sensitive ones (SA: 27–35°; GLI: 0.28–0.32; gs: 8.6–10.8 mmol H₂O·m⁻²·s⁻¹), underscoring the rootstock's crucial role in drought response, independently from scion cultivar. These findings are vital for a fast and early assessment of multiple rootstock/scion combinations to optimize grapevine management and breeding programs for enhanced performance under water-limited conditions. Intrinsic limitations of the measurement system and aspects to be considered to export results from the platform to the vineyard are presented and discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arabidopsis PROTEIN S-ACYL TRANSFERASE4 mediates root hair growth angle and morphology","authors":"Chong Feng ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants absorb water and nutrients from the soil through their root systems, with root hair cells playing a critical role in this process. Root hair growth is regulated not only by genetic factors but also by environmental cues. Current descriptions of root hair phenotypes primarily focus on root hair density and length. Our previous studies have shown that PAT4 regulates root hair elongation by mediating the plasma membrane localization of ROP2. In this study, we found that loss of <em>PAT4</em> function leads to a smaller angle between root hairs and the primary root plane, accompanied by abnormal root hair morphology, including branching, upturning, and basal swelling. Conversely, <em>PAT4</em> overexpression resulted in a significant increase in the root hair growth angle compared to wild-type plants. Exogenous application of auxin exacerbated the morphological abnormalities of root hairs in <em>pat4</em> mutants. Genetic analysis revealed an additive effect between myosin XIK and PAT4 in regulating root hair elongation. Additionally, although <em>PAT16</em> is expressed in root hairs and its protein localizes to the Golgi apparatus, phenotypic analysis showed that PAT16 does not participate in root hair growth regulation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PAT4 is involved in regulating root hair morphogenesis. Moreover, root hair growth angle provides a new dimension for phenotypic analysis of root hairs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112723"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The gene regulatory network reveals mechanisms of cadmium tolerance in Shanxin poplar","authors":"Wenjie He ,&nbsp;Biyao Gang ,&nbsp;Minglong Yan,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Jingrui Liu,&nbsp;Huiyan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic non-essential heavy metal that presents substantial risks to plant life. The primary regulators and molecular mechanisms governing Cd tolerance remain incompletely understood. In this study, RNA-seq analysis was performed on <em>Populus davidiana</em> × <em>P. bolleana</em> (Shanxin Poplar) under CdCl₂ treatment. The analysis identified 1562, 1766, and 1611 differentially expressed genes across distinct stress periods. Through a partial correlation coefficient algorithm, a three-layered gene regulatory network (GRN) was constructed to infer regulatory interactions among genes. The GRN encompasses 3156 regulatory interactions, incorporating eight Transcription factors (TFs) in the first layer, 56 TFs in the second layer, and 129 structural genes in the third layer. These components are linked to seven enriched biological processes associated with stress response. Through ChIP-PCR, LUC activity, and qRT-PCR assays, approximately 93.6 % of predicted relationships between the first and second layers, and 94.9 % between the second and third layers were validated, confirming the GRN's reliability. Ten TFs from the GRN were randomly selected, and their overexpression was separately introduced into Shanxin poplar. The staining and physiological changes indicated that they could confer Cd tolerance in the plants. Additionally, PdbZAT10, PdbCZF1, and PdbLHY TFs were identified as potential key regulators in Cd tolerance. These findings illuminate the essential regulators and mechanisms of Cd tolerance in poplar plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytoplasmic male sterility: Sterility induction, fertility restoration and gene-for-gene interaction of CMS/Rf genes","authors":"Ahmad Ali,&nbsp;Muhammad Zeeshan Mola Bakhsh,&nbsp;Shipeng Li,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Zhang,&nbsp;Jinxing Tu,&nbsp;Bin Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited agronomic trait. The CMS lines cannot produce viable pollens (incomplete or nonfunctional), properly dehisce pollen, germinate on the stigma or be accessible to the stigma, thus unable to fertilize the ovule/ egg. Although CMS is not beneficial to the plants itself, it is a valuable resource for hybrid breeding. CMS is caused by the mitochondrial genome carrying chimeric genes (<em>orf</em>s), which frequently originate in the re-arrangements of the mitochondrial genome. The nuclear genome's restorer-of-fertility (<em>Rf</em>) gene suppresses the CMS conditions to restore fertility. The <em>Rf</em> genes interact with CMS-inducing genes at various levels to regulate their activity and restore fertility. In various crop species, different cytotypes carry specific CMS-inducing genes, which require a specific <em>Rf</em> gene for fertility restoration. Although some <em>Rf</em> genes can restore the fertility of more than one cytotype, most cytotypes require specific <em>Rf</em> genes. In this review, we briefly discussed the <em>specificity of Rf</em> genes and cytotypes based on <em>B. napus</em>, <em>Oryza spp</em>, and <em>H. annuus</em>. The findings from these crop species suggest that the relationship of CMS/<em>Rf</em> genes occurs in a <em>gene-for-gene</em> fashion. However, the molecular mechanism behind the <em>Rf</em>-cytotype specificity is not much understood. Studying the <em>in-vitro</em> expression system can help to elucidate the relationship between the CMS and <em>Rf</em> genes. The evolution of PPR in response to the emergence of CMS-inducing mitochondrial <em>orf</em>s and the induction of male sterility via genome editing technologies is also briefly discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypic control of root sodium uptake drives ion imbalance and stress sensitivity under salinity and waterlogging","authors":"Munny Akter ,&nbsp;Sanjida Sultana Keya ,&nbsp;Aarti Gupta ,&nbsp;Md. Robyul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Abiar Rahman ,&nbsp;Md. Motaher Hossain ,&nbsp;Kien Huu Nguyen ,&nbsp;Tanjim Tahiat ,&nbsp;Kh. Armane Alam ,&nbsp;Thao Duc Le ,&nbsp;Minhaz Ahmed ,&nbsp;Lam-Son Phan Tran ,&nbsp;Md. Mezanur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impacts of individual salinity (‘ST’) and waterlogging (‘WL’) on crops are well-documented; however, the synergistic effects of concurrent salinity and waterlogging (‘SWL’) have garnered less scientific scrutiny. Here, we investigated the individual and combined effects of ‘SWL’ on four soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>) genotypes: BU3, PK472, Williams 82 (W82) and DT2008. Phenotypic and growth-related analyses under all stresses, particularly ‘SWL’, revealed genotype-specific responses, with PK472, BU3, and W82 exhibiting significant sensitivity and biomass reduction. In contrast, DT2008 demonstrated exceptional resilience, maintaining superior growth and minimal phenotypic damage, even under ‘SWL’. These contrasting responses identified DT2008 as the most tolerant genotype and PK472 as the most sensitive one, demanding their further investigations into underlying mechanisms. PK472 exhibited ionic disruptions, including pronounced Na⁺ hyperaccumulation, substantial declines in the contents of essential ions (i.e., K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Fe²⁺), interrupted ion homeostasis, excessive root-to-shoot Na⁺ translocation, and impaired essential nutrient transport under ‘ST’ and ‘WL’, which were intensified under ‘SWL’. In contrast, DT2008 effectively restricted Na⁺ accumulation, while retaining and facilitating the translocation of essential ions, even under ‘SWL’. PK472 also exhibited steep declines in photosynthetic efficiency and pigment contents under ‘ST’ and ‘WL’, accompanied by elevated hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and electrolyte leakage, which were exaggerated under ‘SWL’. The moderate increase in antioxidant enzyme activities provided limited protection, highlighting PK472’s heightened sensitivity to stresses. Conversely, DT2008 genotype demonstrated superior photosynthetic efficiency, increased pigment contents, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced oxidative damage under ‘ST’ and ‘WL’, and even under ‘SWL’. Additionally, DT2008 maintained elevated levels of proline and free amino acids under all types of individual and combined stresses, ensuring superior osmoprotective capacity and water balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112709"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DPE1, a novel allelic of BT1, is critical for maize endosperm development and carbohydrate metabolism","authors":"Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Yuandong Wang ,&nbsp;Ruyang Zhang,&nbsp;Qian Liu,&nbsp;Tianyi Wang,&nbsp;Zhiyong Li,&nbsp;Xiaqing Wang,&nbsp;Chunhui Li,&nbsp;Senlin Xiao,&nbsp;Yanyan Jiao,&nbsp;Jinfeng Xing,&nbsp;Xuan Sun,&nbsp;Yanxin Zhao,&nbsp;Jidong Wang,&nbsp;Aiguo Su,&nbsp;Ruibing Xu,&nbsp;Ronghuan Wang,&nbsp;Wei Song,&nbsp;Jiuran Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) endosperm is the primary tissue for storing nutrients, such as starch, that provide the developing embryo with energy. Endosperm mutants are useful for clarifying carbohydrate synthesis and metabolism as well as the molecular mechanism underlying endosperm development in maize. In this study, we identified a novel maize mutant exhibiting abnormal endosperm development. This mutant, which was named dysplastic endosperm1 (<em>dpe1</em>), contained a shrunken, collapsed, and opaque endosperm. Using a map-based cloning strategy, <em>DPE1</em> was identified as <em>Zm00001d015746</em>. Moreover, an allelism test confirmed that <em>DPE1</em> is allelic to the previously reported gene <em>ZmBT1</em>. The <em>dpe1</em> mutant phenotype was revealed to be due to a single-nucleotide substitution that results in the substitution of a single amino acid. <em>DPE1</em>, which was highly expressed in kernels, was predicted to encode an ADP-glucose transporter localized in the chloroplast. Analyses of phylogenetic relationships and functional evolution suggested that this ADP-glucose transporter may have distinct functions in monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Transcriptome analyses and quantitative detection of small-molecule carbohydrate compounds indicated that differentially expressed genes and differentially abundant metabolites were significantly associated with carbohydrate metabolism-related pathways, implying that loss-of-function mutations to <em>DPE1</em> lead to inhibited carbohydrate synthesis and transport. Thus, our study provides insights into the molecular basis of maize kernel endosperm development as well as genetic resources for the molecular breeding of maize.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112720"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GA suppresses the conversion from α-linolenic acid to JA through the GhGAI1-GhMYC3-GhLOX3 module to promote cotton fiber elongation","authors":"Xi Zhu,&nbsp;Qingwei Suo,&nbsp;Bo Ding,&nbsp;Jianyan Zeng,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Yumei Yang,&nbsp;Rongyu Hu,&nbsp;Linzhu Jiang,&nbsp;Silu Li,&nbsp;Huiming Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Mi Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Pei,&nbsp;Lei Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cotton fibers are essential raw materials for the textile industry and serve as a classical model for studying cell elongation. During the elongation phase, cotton fibers accumulate significant amounts of linolenic acid, which is an essential component of cell membranes and a key precursor for jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis. Although JA is known to play a critical role in fiber development, the regulatory mechanisms governing the conversion of linolenic acid to JA remain largely unknown. Our study compared linolenic acid metabolism in elongating cotton fibers with that in roots and seed coats. We discovered that JA biosynthesis from linolenic acid is specifically suppressed in elongating fibers. We further identified gibberellin as a key regulator of linolenic acid metabolism through a DELLA protein-mediated pathway. Specifically, high levels of gibberellin in rapidly elongating fibers promote the degradation of the DELLA protein GhGAI1. This degradation facilitates the interaction between GhJAZ3 and GhMYC3, a transcriptional factor of the lipoxygenase gene, <em>GhLOX3</em>, ultimately inhibiting JA biosynthesis. Our findings illuminate how gibberellin precisely balances JA suppression with high linolenic acid accumulation to drive rapid fiber elongation, offering promising targets for enhancing cotton fiber quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silencing microRNA172 delays fruit ripening in apple (Malus domestica) through an AP2-ERF transcriptional regulation mechanism","authors":"Bin Xia ,&nbsp;Jinquan Feng ,&nbsp;Yarong Wang ,&nbsp;Rongmei Wu ,&nbsp;Hengtao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhe Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhenli Yan ,&nbsp;Andrew P. Gleave ,&nbsp;Jia-Long Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>MicroRNA172</em> (<em>miR172</em>) regulates many processes of plant development, including flowering and fruit growth, yet its function in fruit ripening remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that silencing <em>miR172</em> in apple (<em>Malus domestica</em>) delays fruit ripening, which correlates with a postponed onset of climacteric ethylene production. At harvest, <em>miR172</em>-silenced fruit displayed lower respiration rates than wild-type (WT) fruit, although these rates re-aligned with WT after 12 weeks of cool storage. Although at harvest <em>miR172</em>-silenced and WT fruit showed similar firmness and levels of soluble solid content, the <em>miR172</em>-silenced fruit maintained greater firmness and a higher level of soluble solid content (SSC) after 12 weeks of post-harvest storage at 0 °C. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed these phenotypic changes to be associated with increased expression of <em>APETALA2</em> (<em>AP2</em>) homologs <em>MdAP2_1b/2a</em> (<em>miR172</em> target genes) and an <em>Ethylene Response Factor</em> (<em>ERF</em>) <em>MdERF4</em>, along with reduced expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes <em>MdACS1/ACO1</em>. In a dual luciferase reporter assay, MdAP2_1a/2a activated the <em>MdERF4</em> promotor in tobacco leaves. These findings, together with existing knowledge that MdERF4 inhibits <em>MdACS1/ACO1</em> expression, suggest a novel genetic regulatory network involving <em>miR172</em>, MdAP2 and MdERF4 in controlling apple fruit ripening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112719"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SlERF.B1 controls fruit maturity and the transition to ripening by regulating the auxin-ethylene cross-talk through SlIAA2 and SlARF9A in tomato","authors":"Upasana Choudhury ,&nbsp;Babythoithoi Sairem ,&nbsp;Pooja Patwal ,&nbsp;Aniruddha P. Sane","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The onset of fruit ripening is a tightly regulated process under complex hormonal control. Although ethylene is essential for promotion of climacteric fruit ripening, its action is dependent on hormones like ABA (a promoter of ripening) and auxin (a ripening inhibitor). SlERF.B1 was identified as an activator type ERF that controls the auxin pathway prior to the onset of ripening. It is up-regulated during fruit growth but down-regulated once fruit attains maturity. Suppression of <em>SlERF.B1</em> led to an early onset of ripening without altering fruit growth through synchronization of the mature green and breaker stages that are usually spaced apart by 4–5 days. Its over-expression delayed the onset of ripening by two days. Comparative transcriptomic studies showed the earlier activation of the ethylene, lycopene/carotenoid and softening pathway genes in <em>SlERF.B1</em> suppression lines but delayed expression in over-expression lines. <em>SlERF.B1</em> manipulation most prominently affected the auxin pathway with genes such as <em>SlGH3.2</em> and <em>SlDAO</em> (associated with auxin conjugation and degradation) being up-regulated, and components of the auxin signaling machinery (such as Aux/IAAs and ARFs) being down-regulated in suppression lines. <em>SlSAUR69</em> (which suppresses auxin transport and inhibits auxin responses) and <em>SlARF2A</em> (which promotes ripening) were up-regulated in suppression lines but down-regulated in Oex lines. SlERF.B1 functions through direct binding to the promoters of the auxin signaling components, <em>SlIAA2</em> and <em>SlARF9,</em> and may regulate fruit maturity and ripening onset by keeping auxin responses high and reducing ethylene responses until the fruit is ready for ripening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144848347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The MYB transcription factor MYB48 negatively regulates the resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae by directly enhancing the transcription of HSP71.1 in rice","authors":"Li Song ,&nbsp;Kangjian Niu ,&nbsp;Yao Yang ,&nbsp;Yanbo Guo,&nbsp;Min Wu,&nbsp;Tingwei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MYB transcription factors (TFs) play a critical role in plant immunity; however, their involvement in chaperone-mediated defense mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that MYB48 negatively regulates rice blast resistance by directly activating the heat shock protein gene <em>HSP71.1</em>. CRISPR/Cas9-generated <em>MYB48</em> knockout lines exhibited enhanced resistance, with reduced lesion numbers and sizes, while overexpression lines displayed increased susceptibility. Nuclear-localized MYB48 directly binds to the <em>HSP71.1</em> promoter to activate its transcription. Furthermore, knockout of <em>HSP71.1</em> enhanced blast resistance. Notably, <em>MYB48</em> knockout did not compromise agronomic traits, highlighting its potential for breeding applications. This study uncovers a novel MYB48-HSP71.1 regulatory module, linking MYB TFs to chaperone-mediated immunity, and provides dual targets for engineering blast-resistant rice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 112717"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}