Physiological research最新文献

{"title":"From Synapsia to Ideas: Nitric Oxide and Sensory Roots of Knowledge.","authors":"F Jagla, O Pecháňová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The famous Czech writer Milan Kundera in his essay The Abused Heritage of Cervantes wrote: The boom of sciences drove a man into the tunnel of specialized disciplines [1]. With increasing specialization, many doctors come into a contact with the same patients only episodically. In addition, there are also time limits for individual patients. There is no time to apply knowledge across different levels and areas. The happiness of science is that there are no such limitations and our meeting is witnessing it. In contrast, research on nitric oxide (NO) demonstrates that a transdisciplinary approach is not only possible, but also necessary: in the case of NO it combines cardiovascular physiology, neuroscience, molecular biology, psychology and even noetics. Nitric oxide (NO) in the brain is synthesized mainly by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). It activates ion channels and regulates the expression of proteins important for axonal and dendritic growth, thereby supporting the formation of new neural connections crucial for learning and memory. NO mediates long-term potentiation (LTP) as a retrograde signal: formed in the postsynaptic membrane, it diffuses back to the presynaptic neuron, increasing neurotransmitter release and strengthening synaptic connections (the so-called Hebbian principle - neurons that fire together, wire together). Through activation of guanylate cyclase, NO increases cGMP levels, which in turn activate protein kinase G (PKG), modulating ion channels and protein activity involved in synaptic plasticity and memory. Inhibition of nNOS after learning disrupts long-term memory consolidation, indicating its key role in transforming labile memory traces into more permanent ones [2,3]. The contribution of NO extends beyond synaptic plasticity. Changes in nNOS activity and glial reactivity in animal models of ADHD suggest that altered NO production may be associated with attention disorders. The coupling of attention and memory is strong, and NO acts as a neuromodulator affecting the release of various neurotransmitters, influencing mood, motivation and cognition. Older individuals with mild to moderate cognitive impairment show significantly lower levels of NO metabolites compared to healthy age-matched controls. This suggests that adequate NO availability supports attention, memory and cognitive functions, and may exert protective effects against neurodegenerative diseases [4,5]. As John Locke [6] formulated: Nothing exists in the mind which was not first in the senses. Sensualistic noetics, as the basis of modern philosophy, emphasizes experience as the source of knowledge and moral action. Research on NO extends this idea by uncovering biological mechanisms that enable sensory experience to be encoded, consolidated and integrated. NO provides the molecular basis for learning, memory and attention - the very tools through which philosophical reflection and knowledge are possible","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 2","pages":"S169-S170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal Muscle as an Auto-, Para- and Endocrine Organ: The Role of Myokines in Muscle Metabolism and Other Metabolic Organs.","authors":"L Horváth, M Pekař, Z Švagera, V Horká, M Mráz, M Bužga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skeletal musculature represents the largest organ in the human body, playing a vital role in systemic metabolism, physiological functions, and glucose homeostasis. Skeletal muscles are also a significant source of multiple humoral factors, including myokines, which are, as part of the muscular secretome, involved in cellular signaling within and outside of the muscle. Myokines are a group of cytokines that exert a major influence on muscle metabolism through autocrine mechanisms and are involved in para- or endocrine regulation in organs outside of muscle tissue, such as the pancreas, adipose tissue, liver, heart, bone, gastrointestinal tract, and brain. In the future, these findings could be crucial for the identification of important biomarkers used for the monitoring of physical activity in the treatment of pathologies such as intensive care-associated muscle wasting, sarcopenia, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. As skeletal muscle tissue is intrinsically linked to multiple types of tissues and organs metabolically, functionally, and most importantly, regionally, there can be a significant overlap between the auto- and paracrine effects of myokines, depending on the presence of that myokine. The following section will discuss the auto-, para-, and endocrine effects of some of the myo-inducible cytokines on skeletal muscles and adjacent tissue types. Key words Skeletal muscle cells \" Myokines \" Secretome \" Autocrine effect \" Paracrine effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 1","pages":"S37-S56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopically Created Dual-Path Intestinal Diversion Using an Incision-Less Anastomosis System in Obese Subjects: 3-Year Results of Nutrition Observation.","authors":"M Bužga, E Machytka, Z Švagera, J Macháčková, K Janochová, V Mizerová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is associated with multiple metabolic disturbances and nutritional risks. Minimally invasive small-intestine interventions are being developed as alternatives to bariatric surgery, aiming to induce weight reduction with a lower risk of malabsorption. This 3-year pilot study evaluated the safety, metabolic effects, and nutritional outcomes of a novel incisionless magnetic anastomosis system (IMAS) creating an endoscopic dual-path intestinal diversion in obese subjects. Ten obese adults (mean BMI 41 kg/m2) underwent endoscopic creation of a jejuno-ileal diversion using the IMAS device. The cohort included subjects with normal glycemia, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes. Clinical and biochemical parameters were monitored at baseline and at 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, and 36-month visits. Anthropometry and a full micronutrient profile (vitamins A, E, B1-B12, D, folate, ferritin, albumin, total protein) were assessed. Mean body weight decreased from 120.9+/-17.8 kg to 101.9+/-22.2 kg after 36 months (p<0.05), with an excess weight loss of 43.2 %. Serum concentrations of most micronutrients remained within physiological limits; only vitamin B12 and 25(OH)D showed significant declines during long-term follow-up. The procedure was generally well tolerated, with mild gastrointestinal symptoms resolving over time. Endoscopically created dual-path intestinal diversion achieved durable weight reduction over 3 years with a favorable nutritional risk profile. The incidence of micronutrient deficiencies was substantially lower than that reported after malabsorptive bariatric surgery. These results support the potential of this incisionless technique as a less invasive option for obesity management and warrant larger controlled trials. Key words Anastomosis \" Endoscopy \" Magnetic \" Obesity \" Nutrition deficiencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 1","pages":"S145-S154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori in Obese Adults: A Literature Review.","authors":"A Novotná, M Chudý, N Gottfriedová, D Karas, P Holéczy, M Bužga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a major health challenge of the 21st century and the number of obese people is increasing worldwide and with it the number of people suffering from obesity-related diseases. The relationship between the presence of obesity and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has long been a subject of interest across the literature. The presented review aimed to analyze the prevalence of H. pylori in adults with higher BMI. A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases Scopus, PubMed and Web of science. The term \"Helicobacter pylori\" was searched with obesity-related keyword combinations. A total of 1.109 records, published in the last 18 years, were identified through the database search. Of these articles, seven were ultimately included in the analysis. Although the studies did not all agree on the same conclusion, most of them have shown that the greater prevalence of H. pylori can be observed in participants with higher BMI, than in normal-weight individuals. A higher prevalence of H. pylori can be observed in obese individuals. However, further research is needed to clearly confirm the BMI-H. pylori relationship. Key words Obesity \" BMI \" Helicobacter pylori \" Prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 1","pages":"S57-S63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiometabolic Parameters and Transcription Factors in Rat Models of Prehypertension With or Without Hypertriglyceridemia: Focus on NRF2 and PPARalpha Gene Expression.","authors":"A Bozkurt, M Kluknavsky, P Balis, A Micurova, A Anjum, J Kopincova, I Bernatova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated selected cardiovascular, hepatic, and metabolic parameters, including Nfe2l2, Hmox1 (an NRF2 target gene), and Ppara gene expression, in adult male normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), borderline hypertensive (BHR) and hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) rats. BHR and HTG rats exhibited increased blood pressure vs. WKY, but there were no differences in blood pressure of BHR and HTG rats. In contrast, HTG had elevated hematocrit, triacylglycerol levels, glycemia and atherogenic index of plasma, and decreased total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol compared to BHR rats. In addition, nitric oxide synthase activity in the heart and liver was significantly reduced in HTG vs. BHR. Gene expressions of Nfe2l2, Ppara, and Hmox1 were significantly elevated in the hearts of HTG rats compared to both WKY and BHR. In contrast, hepatic expression levels of Nfe2l2 and Hmox1 were significantly reduced in BHR and HTG compared to WKY, while Ppara expression in the liver was significantly reduced in HTG vs. both BHR and WKY. Vascular studies revealed that endothelium-dependent relaxation was reduced in HTG rats vs. BHR, suggesting a dominant effect of hypertriglyceridemia, while endothelium-independent relaxation was reduced in both HTG and BHR rats vs. WKY, suggesting a dominant effect of prehypertension in this vascular bed. Contraction responses were also more pronounced in HTG rats vs. BHR. Overall, this study showed that inherited hypertriglyceridemia (combined with prehypertension) alters vascular function and redox-metabolic balance in a tissue-dependent manner and represents a more significant cardiometabolic risk in later periods of life than prehypertension itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 2","pages":"S245-S257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Obstructive Sleep Apnea in At-Risk Youth: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study in Adolescents Living With Obesity.","authors":"M Chudy, N Gottfriedova, A Novotna, P Blazkova, B Lokajova, R Bunganic, J Slonkova, J Bozensky, M Buzga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep disorders, affecting 1-10 % of children. A key risk factor is elevated body mass index (BMI). This exploratory study aimed to assess OSA prevalence and severity in adolescents living with obesity and explore associations with clinical and metabolic parameters. Adolescents with obesity aged 10-15 years hospitalized for weight management were enrolled. Participants underwent examination including anthropometry, blood pressure, and lipid profile. BMI was evaluated using WHO BMI-for-age z-scores and an internal standard deviation score (SDS). Sleep-disordered breathing was assessed using cardiorespiratory polygraphy. OSA severity was classified by pediatric AASM criteria using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Among 26 adolescents, OSA occurred in 25 (96.2 %). Median AHI was 9.6 (IQR 5.3-19.1); 44 % had severe, 40 % moderate, and 16 % mild OSA. Severe OSA was more frequently observed in boys (p=0.045), who also showed significantly higher BMI z-score, ODI3 and T90 values; (p<0.05). Adolescents with severe OSA had higher body weight and BMI z-scores; (p<0.05). In regression models using BMI SDS, male sex emerged as a borderline predictor of higher AHI (beta=9.07; p=0.051), while age and BMI metrics were not significant. Spearman analysis further revealed a moderate positive correlation between BMI z-score and T90 (rho=0.51, p=0.02). In this exploratory study, OSA was detected in the majority of adolescents living with obesity, though results should be interpreted with caution. Early recognition may support interventions to limit adverse outcomes. Larger polysomnographic studies with control groups are required to confirm prevalence and clarify risk factors. Key words Adolescents living with obesity \" Cardiorespiratory polygraphy \" Obstructive sleep apnea \" Screening \" Sleep-disordered breathing.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 1","pages":"S107-S116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Energy Availability and Its Impact on Bone Health and Metabolism in Athletes: A Narrative Review.","authors":"J Konvička, M Káňová, N Borzenko, K Petřeková, M Bužga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low energy availability (LEA) is a recognized risk factor that affects the health and performance of athletes. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the relationship between LEA, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and bone mineral density (BMD). It focuses on the applicability of the RMR ratio as an indicator of metabolic adaptation to energy deficiency and analyzes the associations between energy availability and skeletal health outcomes. This narrative review demonstrates that reduced energy availability is related to a decrease in the RMR ratio and hormonal alterations characteristic of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S). Furthermore, prolonged LEA has been associated with impairments in bone metabolism and lower Z-scores, particularly among endurance and aesthetic athletes. However, the findings also suggest that the impact of LEA on BMD may be modulated by sport-specific loading patterns and additional individual factors. Considerable methodological heterogeneity between studies limits the direct comparability of the results, highlighting the need for standardization in the evaluation of EA, RMR, and BMD. This review emphasizes the importance of comprehensive screening strategies combining nutritional, metabolic, hormonal, and skeletal markers for early identification of the risk of RED-S. Future research should prioritize longitudinal designs to better understand the dynamics of metabolic and skeletal changes in response to fluctuations in energy availability. Key words Energy availability \" Relative energy deficiency in sport \" Resting metabolic rate \" Bone mineral density \" Sport.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 1","pages":"S19-S35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardio-Renal Effects of Short-Term Fructose Treatment in Hypertensive Rats: Focused on NO/ROS Balance.","authors":"O Pechanova, R Bulkova, S Vrankova, J Klimentova, Z Galandakova, M Cebova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Short-term fructose exposure may perturb the nitric oxide (NO)/reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance before hemodynamic changes development. Male Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) rats received 10 % fructose in drinking water for 3 weeks or remained on tap water. We assessed systolic blood pressure (tail-cuff), plasma lipid levels, tissue conjugated diene concentrations, protein expression of NADPH oxidase, NF-kappaB, and SOD (Western blot), and total NO synthase (NOS) activity ([3H]-L-arginine to [3H]-L-citrulline). Fructose did not change blood pressure in either strain, but increased kidney-to-body-weight ratio in SHR. In WKY, plasma HDL level decreased; in SHR, total cholesterol, VLDL, and triglycerides increased. Conjugated diene concentration increased in the kidney of WKY but not in the heart. Fructose upregulated renal NADPH oxidase and downregulated renal SOD in SHR, with no change in cardiac NADPH oxidase. NF-?B protein expression did not change in either tissue. NOS activity decreased in the heart and kidney of WKY and in the kidney of SHR. We can conclude that even moderate, short-term fructose intake induces strain-dependent dyslipidemia and an early shift of the renal redox milieu toward oxidative stress, accompanied by reduced NOS activity, while leaving blood pressure unchanged. The kidney appears more susceptible than the heart, particularly in the hypertensive background, highlighting the NO/ROS axis as an early target for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 2","pages":"S195-S203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in Nitric Oxide Production After Post-Weaning Social Isolation.","authors":"S Vrankova, Z Galandakova, J Klimentova, O Pechanova, M Cebova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early-life stressful stimuli, such as social isolation, alter brain neurochemistry and lead to negative behavioral outcomes in adulthood. Isolated animals are deprived of social interactions, which results in impaired brain development. Post-weaning isolation rearing deregulates various brain processes and may affect nitric oxide (NO) signaling. The aim of our study was to determine time-dependent impact of social isolation on behavioral and biochemical parameters in Wistar Kyoto rats. At the age of 21 days, male rats were randomly assigned into four groups reared in isolation or socially for 10 or 29 weeks. At the end of the rearing, open-field and prepulse inhibition (PPI) tests were carried out. Furthermore, in several brain areas we assessed NO synthase (NOS) activity, protein expression of nNOS and iNOS isoforms and the concentration of conjugated dienes (CD), a marker of lipid peroxidation. The number of entries into the central zone of the open field test decreased significantly only after 29 weeks of isolation. Isolated rats (IR) rats exhibited impaired habituation of the acoustic startle response after prolonged social isolation. While cerebellar NOS activity and nNOS protein expression decreased significantly in IR rats after 29 weeks of isolation, the expression of nNOS and iNOS was increased in the hippocampus. 10-week and 29-week social isolation led to increased CD concentration in the brain. Our results suggest that the duration of social isolation plays an important role in the development of behavioral and biochemical changes in the brain. The decreased NO bioavailability may result from lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 2","pages":"S185-S193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioelectrical Impedance in Monitoring Hyperhydration and Muscle Wasting in Critically Ill Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Patients: The Feasibility of Predicting Outcome.","authors":"M Káňová, K Petřeková, N Borzenko, K Rusková, I Nytra, P Dzurňáková, M Burda, J Konvička","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Critically ill patients often experience hyperhydration and muscle wasting, which can worsen outcomes. This study evaluated the feasibility of using bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) to monitor hydration and muscle mass and predict outcomes in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including those with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The study compare fluid parameters derived from BIVA with cumulative fluid balance (CFB) and assess the prognostic value of the phase angle (PA) of BIVA against established markers such an APACHE II and serum presepsin. In this prospective, blinded observational study, 61 COVID-19 patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) were included. BIVA measurements were taken within 48 h of admission, then after 7 and 14 days. Data on demographics, fluid balance, and laboratory markers were collected. BIVA was shown to be feasible in critically ill patients, with a significant correlation between hyperhydration, defined by an elevated extracellular water to total body water ratio (ECW/TBW 0.56) and overhydration (OHY 6.9 l). Decreased PA (median 3.3°) was associated with increased mortality in non-ECMO patients. Unlike CFB, which lacked statistical significance, BIVA provided a more accurate assessment of hyperhydration (p=0.0050 for ECW/TBW and p=0.0402 for OHY). In conclusion, BIVA is a practical tool for monitoring hydration, but not muscle mass, in critically ill patients. Elevated hydration status and low PA measured by BIVA are effective predictors of mortality, although ECMO use can affect accuracy. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04758676 (www.clinicaltrials.gov). Key words Bioelectrical impedance \" Hyperhydration \" Muscle mass \" Critically ill patients \" Mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"74 Suppl 1","pages":"S93-S106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}