Plant Direct最新文献

{"title":"Interactions with microbial consortia have variable effects in organic carbon and production of exometabolites among genotypes of <i>Populus trichocarpa</i>.","authors":"Alyssa A Carrell, Miranda Clark, Sara Jawdy, Wellington Muchero, Gladys Alexandre, Jesse L Labbé, Tomás A Rush","doi":"10.1002/pld3.544","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poplar is a short-rotation woody crop frequently studied for its significance as a sustainable bioenergy source. The successful establishment of a poplar plantation partially depends on its rhizosphere-a dynamic zone governed by complex interactions between plant roots and a plethora of commensal, mutualistic, symbiotic, or pathogenic microbes that shape plant fitness. In an exploratory endeavor, we investigated the effects of a consortium consisting of ectomycorrhizal fungi and a beneficial <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. strain GM41 on plant growth (including height, stem girth, leaf, and root growth) and as well as growth rate over time, across four <i>Populus trichocarpa</i> genotypes. Additionally, we compared the level of total organic carbon and plant exometabolite profiles across different poplar genotypes in the presence of the microbial consortium. These data revealed no significant difference in plant growth parameters between the treatments and the control across four different poplar genotypes at 7 weeks post-inoculation. However, total organic carbon and exometabolite profiles were significantly different between the genotypes and the treatments. These findings suggest that this microbial consortium has the potential to trigger early signaling responses in poplar, influencing its metabolism in ways crucial for later developmental processes and stress tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10660807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ethylene pretreatment on tomato plant responses to salt, drought, and waterlogging stress.","authors":"Petar Mohorović, Batist Geldhof, Kristof Holsteens, Marilien Rinia, Johan Ceusters, Bram Van de Poel","doi":"10.1002/pld3.548","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity, drought, and waterlogging are common environmental stresses that negatively impact plant growth, development, and productivity. One of the responses to abiotic stresses is the production of the phytohormone ethylene, which induces different coping mechanisms that help plants resist or tolerate stress. In this study, we investigated if an ethylene pretreatment can aid plants in activating stress-coping responses prior to the onset of salt, drought, and waterlogging stress. Therefore, we measured real-time transpiration and CO₂ assimilation rates and the impact on biomass during and after 3 days of abiotic stress. Our results showed that an ethylene pretreatment of 1 ppm for 4 h did not significantly influence the negative effects of waterlogging stress, while plants were more sensitive to salt stress as reflected by enhanced water losses due to a higher transpiration rate. However, when exposed to drought stress, an ethylene pretreatment resulted in reduced transpiration rates, reducing water loss during drought stress. Overall, our findings indicate that pretreating tomato plants with ethylene can potentially regulate their responses during the forthcoming stress period, but optimization of the ethylene pre-treatment duration, timing, and dose is needed. Furthermore, it remains tested if the effect is related to the stress duration and severity and whether an ethylene pretreatment has a net positive or negative effect on plant vigor during stress recovery. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the mode of action of how ethylene priming impacts subsequent stress responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10654692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional analysis of <i>Salix purpurea</i> genes support roles for <i>ARR17</i> and <i>GATA15</i> as master regulators of sex determination.","authors":"Brennan Hyden, Dana L Carper, Paul E Abraham, Guoliang Yuan, Tao Yao, Leo Baumgart, Yu Zhang, Cindy Chen, Ronan O'Malley, Jin-Gui Chen, Xiaohan Yang, Robert L Hettich, Gerald A Tuskan, Lawrence B Smart","doi":"10.1002/pld3.546","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Salicaceae family is of growing interest in the study of dioecy in plants because the sex determination region (SDR) has been shown to be highly dynamic, with differing locations and heterogametic systems between species. Without the ability to transform and regenerate <i>Salix</i> in tissue culture, previous studies investigating the mechanisms regulating sex in the genus <i>Salix</i> have been limited to genome resequencing and differential gene expression, which are mostly descriptive in nature, and functional validation of candidate sex determination genes has not yet been conducted. Here, we used Arabidopsis to functionally characterize a suite of previously identified candidate genes involved in sex determination and sex dimorphism in the bioenergy shrub willow <i>Salix purpurea</i>. Six candidate master regulator genes for sex determination were heterologously expressed in Arabidopsis, followed by floral proteome analysis. In addition, 11 transcription factors with predicted roles in mediating sex dimorphism downstream of the SDR were tested using DAP-Seq in both male and female <i>S. purpurea</i> DNA. The results of this study provide further evidence to support models for the roles of <i>ARR17</i> and <i>GATA15</i> as master regulator genes of sex determination in <i>S. purpurea</i>, contributing to a regulatory system that is notably different from that of its sister genus <i>Populus</i>. Evidence was also obtained for the roles of two transcription factors, an <i>AP2</i>/<i>ERF</i> family gene and a homeodomain-like transcription factor, in downstream regulation of sex dimorphism.</p>","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10651977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of <i>Na</i>⁺/<i>H</i>⁺<i>antiporter</i> (<i>NHX</i>) genes in tomato under salt stress.","authors":"Erman Cavusoglu, Ugur Sari, Iskender Tiryaki","doi":"10.1002/pld3.543","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant <i>Na</i> ⁺/<i>H</i> ⁺ <i>antiporter</i> (<i>NHX</i>) genes enhance salt tolerance by preventing excessive Na⁺ accumulation in the cytosol through partitioning of Na⁺ ions into vacuoles or extracellular transport across the plasma membrane. However, there is limited detailed information regarding the salt stress responsive <i>SlNHX</i>s in the most recent tomato genome. We investigated the role of this gene family's expression patterns in the open flower tissues under salt shock in <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> using a genome-wide approach. A total of seven putative <i>SlNHX</i> genes located on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, and 10 were identified, but no ortholog of the <i>NHX5</i> gene was identified in the tomato genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes are divided into three different groups. SlNHX proteins with 10-12 transmembrane domains were hypothetically localized in vacuoles or cell membranes. Promoter analysis revealed that <i>SlNHX6</i> and <i>SlNHX8</i> are involved with the stress-related MeJA hormone in response to salt stress signaling. The structural motif analysis of SlNHX1, -2, -3, -4, and -6 proteins showed that they have highly conserved amiloride binding sites. The protein-protein network revealed that SlNHX7 and SlNHX8 interact physically with Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway proteins. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the <i>SlNHX2</i> and <i>SlNHX6</i> genes were substantially expressed in the open flower tissues. Moreover, quantitative PCR analysis indicated that all <i>SlNHX</i> genes, particularly <i>SlNHX6</i> and <i>SlNHX8</i>, are significantly upregulated by salt shock in the open flower tissues. Our results provide an updated framework for future genetic research and development of breeding strategies against salt stress in the tomato.</p>","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10641485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic, photoprotective, and photosynthetic acclimatory responses to post-flowering drought in sorghum.","authors":"Christopher R Baker, Dhruv Patel-Tupper, Benjamin J Cole, Lindsey G Ching, Oliver Dautermann, Armen C Kelikian, Cayci Allison, Julie Pedraza, Julie Sievert, Aivett Bilbao, Joon-Yong Lee, Young-Mo Kim, Jennifer E Kyle, Kent J Bloodsworth, Vanessa Paurus, Kim K Hixson, Robert Hutmacher, Jeffery Dahlberg, Peggy G Lemaux, Krishna K Niyogi","doi":"10.1002/pld3.545","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is globally affecting rainfall patterns, necessitating the improvement of drought tolerance in crops. <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> is a relatively drought-tolerant cereal. Functional stay-green sorghum genotypes can maintain green leaf area and efficient grain filling during terminal post-flowering water deprivation, a period of ~10 weeks. To obtain molecular insights into these characteristics, two drought-tolerant genotypes, BTx642 and RTx430, were grown in replicated control and terminal post-flowering drought field plots in California's Central Valley. Photosynthetic, photoprotective, and water dynamics traits were quantified and correlated with metabolomic data collected from leaves, stems, and roots at multiple timepoints during control and drought conditions. Physiological and metabolomic data were then compared to longitudinal RNA sequencing data collected from these two genotypes. The unique metabolic and transcriptomic response to post-flowering drought in sorghum supports a role for the metabolite galactinol in controlling photosynthetic activity through regulating stomatal closure in post-flowering drought. Additionally, in the functional stay-green genotype BTx642, photoprotective responses were specifically induced in post-flowering drought, supporting a role for photoprotection in the molecular response associated with the functional stay-green trait. From these insights, new pathways are identified that can be targeted to maximize yields under growth conditions with limited water.</p>","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10641490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rice annexin gene <i>OsAnn5</i> is involved in cold stress tolerance at the seedling stage.","authors":"Zhiqun Que, Qineng Lu, Qixiu Li, Chunxiu Shen","doi":"10.1002/pld3.539","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Annexins exist widely in plants as multigene families and play critical roles in stress responses and a range of cellular processes. This study provides a comprehensive account of the cloning and functional characterization of the rice annexin gene <i>OsAnn5</i>. The findings reveal that a cold stress treatment at the seedling stage of rice induced <i>OsAnn5</i> expression. GUS staining assay indicated that the expression of <i>OsAnn5</i> was non tissue-specific and was detected in almost all rice tissues. Subcellular localization indicated that <i>OsAnn5-</i>GFP (green fluorescent protein) signals were found in the endoplasmic reticulum apparatus. Compared with wild type rice, knocking out <i>OsAnn5</i> using the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated proteins) mediated genome editing resulted in sensitivity to cold treatments. These results indicate that <i>OsAnn5</i> is involved in cold stress tolerance at the seedling stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CBSX2 is required for the efficient oxidation of chloroplast redox‐regulated enzymes in darkness","authors":"Yonghong Li, Lin Zhang, Yurou Shen, Lianwei Peng, Fudan Gao","doi":"10.1002/pld3.542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.542","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thiol/disulfide‐based redox regulation in plant chloroplasts is essential for controlling the activity of target proteins in response to light signals. One of the examples of such a role in chloroplasts is the activity of the chloroplast ATP synthase (CF o CF 1 ), which is regulated by the redox state of the CF 1 γ subunit and involves two cysteines in its central domain. To investigate the mechanism underlying the oxidation of CF 1 γ and other chloroplast redox‐regulated enzymes in the dark, we characterized the Arabidopsis cbsx2 mutant, which was isolated based on its altered NPQ (non‐photochemical quenching) induction upon illumination. Whereas in dark‐adapted WT plants CF 1 γ was completely oxidized, a small amount of CF 1 γ remained in the reduced state in cbsx2 under the same conditions. In this mutant, reduction of CF 1 γ was not affected in the light, but its oxidation was less efficient during a transition from light to darkness. The redox states of the Calvin cycle enzymes FBPase and SBPase in cbsx2 were similar to those of CF 1 γ during light/dark transitions. Affinity purification and subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry showed that the components of the ferredoxin‐thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin (FTR‐Trx) and NADPH‐dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTRC) systems as well as several 2‐Cys peroxiredoxins (Prxs) can be co‐purified with CBSX2. In addition to the thioredoxins, yeast two‐hybrid analysis showed that CBSX2 also interacts with NTRC. Taken together, our results suggest that CBSX2 participates in the oxidation of the chloroplast redox‐regulated enzymes in darkness, probably through regulation of the activity of chloroplast redox systems in vivo.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential gene expression during floral transition in pineapple","authors":"Robert E. Paull, Najla Ksouri, Michael Kantar, Dessireé Zerpa‐Catanho, Nancy Jung Chen, Gail Uruu, Jingjing Yue, Shiyong Guo, Yun Zheng, Ching Man Jennifer Wai, Ray Ming","doi":"10.1002/pld3.541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.541","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pineapple ( Ananas comosus var. comosus ) and ornamental bromeliads are commercially induced to flower by treatment with ethylene or its analogs. The apex is transformed from a vegetative to a floral meristem and shows morphological changes in 8 to 10 days, with flowers developing 8 to 10 weeks later. During eight sampling stages ranging from 6 h to 8 days after treatment, 7961 genes were found to exhibit differential expression (DE) after the application of ethylene. In the first 3 days after treatment, there was little change in ethylene synthesis or in the early stages of the ethylene response. Subsequently, three ethylene response transcription factors (ERTF) were up‐regulated and the potential gene targets were predicted to be the positive flowering regulator CONSTANS‐like 3 (CO), a WUSCHEL gene, two APETALA1/FRUITFULL (AP1/FUL) genes, an epidermal patterning gene, and a jasmonic acid synthesis gene. We confirm that pineapple has lost the flowering repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C. At the initial stages, the SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) was not significantly involved in this transition. Another WUSCHEL gene and a PHD homeobox transcription factor, though not apparent direct targets of ERTF, were up‐regulated within a day of treatment, their predicted targets being the up‐regulated CO, auxin response factors, SQUAMOSA, and histone H3 genes with suppression of abscisic acid response genes. The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), TERMINAL FLOWER (TFL), AGAMOUS‐like APETELAR (AP2), and SEPETALA (SEP) increased rapidly within 2 to 3 days after ethylene treatment. Two FT genes were up‐regulated at the apex and not at the leaf bases after treatment, suggesting that transport did not occur. These results indicated that the ethylene response in pineapple and possibly most bromeliads act directly to promote the vegetative to flower transition via APETALA1/FRUITFULL (AP1/FUL) and its interaction with SPL, FT, TFL, SEP, and AP2. A model based on AP2/ERTF DE and predicted DE target genes was developed to give focus to future research. The identified candidate genes are potential targets for genetic manipulation to determine their molecular role in flower transition.","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The halotolerant rizhobacterium <i>Glutamicibacter</i> sp. alleviates salt impact on <i>Phragmites australis</i> by producing exopolysaccharides and limiting plant sodium uptake.","authors":"Rabaa Hidri, Ouissal Metoui-Ben Mahmoud, Walid Zorrig, Rozario Azcon, Chedly Abdelly, Ahmed Debez","doi":"10.1002/pld3.535","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity is a widespread abiotic stress, which has strong adverse effects on plant growth and crop productivity. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) play a crucial role in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-mediated improvement of plant stress tolerance. This study aimed to assess whether <i>Glutamicibacter</i> sp. strain producing large amounts of EPS may promote tolerance of common reed, <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., towards salt stress. This halotolerant rizhobacterium showed tolerance to salinity (up to 1 M NaCl) when cultivated on Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. Exposure to high salinity (300 mM NaCl) significantly impacted the plant growth parameters, but this adverse effect was mitigated following inoculation with <i>Glutamicibacter</i> sp., which triggered higher number of leaves and tillers, shoot fresh weight/dry weight, and root fresh weight as compared to non-inoculated plants. Salt stress increased the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), polyphenols, total soluble sugars (TSSs), and free proline in shoots. In comparison, the inoculation with <i>Glutamicibacter</i> sp. further increased shoot polyphenol content, while decreasing MDA and free proline contents. Besides, this bacterial strain increased tissue Ca⁺ and K⁺ content concomitant to lower shoot Na⁺ and root Cl^- accumulation, thus further highlighting the beneficial effect of <i>Glutamicibacter</i> sp. strain on the plant behavior under salinity. As a whole, our study provides strong arguments for a potential utilization of EPS-producing bacteria as a useful microbial inoculant to alleviate the deleterious effects of salinity on plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10600829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71413620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosynthetic and transcriptome responses to fluctuating light in <i>Arabidopsis thylakoid</i> ion transport triple mutant.","authors":"Peter J Gollan, Steffen Grebe, Lena Roling, Bernhard Grimm, Cornelia Spetea, Eva-Mari Aro","doi":"10.1002/pld3.534","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pld3.534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluctuating light intensity challenges fluent photosynthetic electron transport in plants, inducing photoprotection while diminishing carbon assimilation and growth, and also influencing photosynthetic signaling for regulation of gene expression. Here, we employed in vivo chlorophyll-<i>a</i> fluorescence and P700 difference absorption measurements to demonstrate the enhancement of photoprotective energy dissipation of both photosystems in wild-type <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> after 6 h exposure to fluctuating light as compared with constant light conditions. This acclimation response to fluctuating light was hampered in a triple mutant lacking the thylakoid ion transport proteins KEA3, VCCN1, and CLCe, leading to photoinhibition of photosystem I. Transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of genes involved in biotic stress and defense responses in both genotypes after exposure to fluctuating as compared with constant light, yet these responses were demonstrated to be largely upregulated in triple mutant already under constant light conditions compared with wild type. The current study illustrates the rapid acclimation of plants to fluctuating light, including photosynthetic, transcriptomic, and metabolic adjustments, and highlights the connection among thylakoid ion transport, photosynthetic energy balance, and cell signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":20230,"journal":{"name":"Plant Direct","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10598627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54230709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}