Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone最新文献

{"title":"SOME CONSIDERATIONS CONCERNING THE ROLE OF COSMIC ENVIRONMENT IN SOIL GENESIS AND EVOLUTION","authors":"I. Munteanu, A. Vrînceanu","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V10I1.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V10I1.174","url":null,"abstract":"The present day concept of soil is strongly connected to the terrestrial environment. Among the cosmic factors of soil genesis the energy (as light and heat) provided by the Sun is by far the most important. The other outer space possible agents e.g. meteorites, comets, cosmic radiation and cosmic dust, are usually neglected or scarcely mentioned. The advancing of cosmic exploration spurred soil scientists to extend their interest upon the extraterrestrial regoliths of Earth-like planets (Mars, Venus) and Moon. The concept of “Universal soil” in whose genesis the biotic factor and water are not mandatory, has been recently advanced. The first papers about “lunar soils” are already quoted in soil science literature; some also speak about “Martian soil” or “Venusian soil”. Although these seem to be mere regoliths quite different from the “terrestrial soil” (by absence of life and water) one believes that they may give information about impact upon lithological material of severe environment of these planets. This paper tries to outline the cosmic destiny of the soil, to enlarge its meaning and to reveal the hidden connections that the soil has with some planetary and cosmic parameters. In cosmic vision the “soil” – either “lunar”, “martian”, or “terrestrial” – can be viewed as the interface of energy and matter exchange between the land masses of these celestial body and their cosmic environment.\u0000The role of the solar activity, extragalactic events, distance from the Sun, obliquity (tilt) of Earth’s rotation axis and Earth’s orbit circularity are analyzed in connection with Quaternary glaciations and their influences upon the development of terrestrial soils.\u0000The influence of Moon is emphasized as being very important in shaping the zonal geography of the terrestrial soils.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125956519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVOLUTION OF SOME COMPONENTS OF AGROECOSYSTEMS PRODUCTIVITY FROM VINGA PLAIN IN WATER STRESS SITUATIONS","authors":"D. Dicu, I. Borza, D. Țărău","doi":"10.34101/actaagrar/i/8398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/i/8398","url":null,"abstract":"The researches are inscribed on line of substantiation of durable agricultural system,\u0000having as main objective the prominence of quantitative and qualitative modifications made on\u0000agro-system level under the effect of no-tillage system for wheat, maize and soybeans.\u0000The experimental field is placed on a cambic chernozem, with a medium content of\u0000clay, dominant in the Prodagro West Arad agro-centre and representative for a large surface in\u0000the Banat-Crisana Plain.\u0000The passing to no-till system change the structure of technological elements, through\u0000less soil works, so the impact on agro-system is different comparing with conventional tillage,\u0000first less the intervention pressure on agro-system ant secondly appear new interactions, new\u0000equilibriums and disequilibriums.\u0000Considering the evolution of soil humidity, the observations made monthly (by taking\u0000soil samples and laboratory determinations) for the three cultures showed that in the no-till\u0000system, there are more uniform values in the soil profile, and in the variants where the deep\u0000work of soil was made it could be observed a low increase of the water volume in the soil.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115382805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLASSIFICATION POSSIBILITIES OF SOIL COVER FROM THE TERMINAL PART OF SĂCELE PIEDMONT. RESTRICTIVE FACTORS AND LANDS MANAGEMENT","authors":"P. Cristinel","doi":"10.15551/fppzt.v12i2.502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/fppzt.v12i2.502","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims presenting the morphological, physical and chemical features of the soil cover from the terminal part of Săcele Piedmont, in connection with environmental factors. It also pursued the soil classification according to SRTS 2012 and WRB-SR 2006 and highlighting the features which make up limitative factors for crops.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115064456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil and terrain favorability for grape-vine of a stagnic luvosoil from Cândeşti Piedmont, Ştefăneşti-Marcea Plateau.","authors":"T. Elena, C. Ion, B. Doru, B. Radu","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V12I2.501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V12I2.501","url":null,"abstract":"Ştefănesti township from Arges county is one of the most ancient and significant Romanian wine-growing regions. The wines created here have won local and world-wide appreciation. Plantations are placed both on the left slope of Arges river, where ample terrace systems and anti-erosional works have been performed, and on the piedmontan plateaus with clayey, vertic soils. The Arges County Soil Research Office has conducted a special soil survey research on Marcea piedmontan plateau in the summer of 2012. Consequently, a soil-profile was dig and the taken samples were analyzed in OSPA’s laboratory. The soil-profile is typical for most surface of the piedmontan relief and is placed within an entirely weedy plantation. Following the local examination and analytic interpretation, it results that soil’s taxonomy is stagnic aric Luvosol (Romanian Soil Taxonomy), resulting from a native stagnic Luvosol. Following the analysis of the main indicators regarding the soil-terrain system typical of the Ştefănesti Plateau, Marcea zone belongs to the 4th pretability class and to the third quality class. Main soil restrictions are acidity and the clayish texture. Because a system of improvement works can be emplaced, the soil has been evaluated and after an improvement of the natural coefficients. In these terms, the soil crossed into the third class of quality and remains in the same class of pretability for vineyard plantation. The paper shows that the studied area gathers most of the conditions needed for capitalization of lands through conversion and expansion of vineyard plantations.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122832750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classic method vs. soil quality index in evaluating soil quality.","authors":"I. Vasiliniuc","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V13I1.507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V13I1.507","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the paper has been of elaborating an index of soil quality,\u0000 that would take into account only the intrinsic soil parameters, and reducing the complexity of the soil\u0000 evaluation systems used at the moment. The purpose of such an index is to offer useful information,\u0000 in short time and with reduced costs. A second aspect was that of comparing such an index with the classic\u0000 method of terrain evaluation used in Romania, and see if there is any correlation among the two systems.\u0000 The conclusions show that because of taking into consideration different parameters, the two methods have\u0000 different areas of applicability. The classic method is recommended for terrain evaluation, while the soil\u0000 quality index can be used as a quick tool to evaluate soil quality and the changes that might occur following\u0000 different management practices.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132335956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAPILARITY AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN SWELLING AND SHRINKING SOILS","authors":"G. Rogobete, D. Țărău, D. Dicu, R. Bertici","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V12I2.500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V12I2.500","url":null,"abstract":"The Aranca Low Plain (SW of Romania), with accumulative relief, a slow dip and an obvious subsidence, is covered with fluvio-lacustrine deposits with various grain sizes, from gravels to smectite clays. The phreatic waters are mineralized and sodium ions reach into the colloidal complex, destroying soil structure.\u0000The rise of water in the soil from a free water surface has been termed capillarity rise. The maximum height to which water may rise through capillarity varies between 1.5 and 4 m in Fluvisols and Vertisols. Capillarity rise of soil water takes place above the ground water level and is due to matric suction. The complex geometry of soil pare space creates numerous combinations of interfaces, capillaries and wedges in which water is retained. In addition, water is absorbed on to solid surfaces, with considerable force at close distances. Solutes can interact strongly with soil surfaces and their transport can be slowed in a process known as retardation.\u0000In Fluvisols, like in Chernozems and Phaeozems, soluble salts are concentrated in the first 50 cm of the soil profile, while in Vertisols most soluble salts are concentrated at the bottom of the profile. The water potential in a Vertisol is the sum of gravitational potential, capillarity potential and overburden potential.\u0000The overburden potential is related to civil engineers effective stress. The phenomenon of capillarity is thus dependent on solid and liquid interfacial properties such as surface tension, contact, angle and solid surface roughness and geometry. These phenomena, partial attributed to capillarity, determine retention and movement of water and solutes through soils.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"1071 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125315639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of elemental sulfur and/or inoculation with sulfur oxidizing bacteria on growth, and nutrient content of sorghum plants grown on different soils","authors":"K. Hala, M. El-Halfawi, S. A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V10I1.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V10I1.169","url":null,"abstract":"A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of elemental sulfur(E.S) rates (300 and 600 ppm) and/or sulfur oxidizing bacteria (S.O.B. ATCC 8158) on growth and nutrients content of sorghum plants grown on different soils (sandy soils(I & II) and clay loam soil). \u0000The obtained results could be summarized in the followings: \u0000Sorghum plants: \u0000 \u0000Significant increases over the control were observed in fresh and dry weights of sorghum plant as well as its content of SO4=, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu by using all the sulfur and/or the oxidizing bacteria treatments. \u0000 \u0000Addition of E.S (300 & 600 ppm) in combination with S.O.B. ATCC 8158 significantly increased both fresh and dry weights as well as SO4=, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu contents of sorghum plants grown on the used soils as compared with either of them alone. \u0000 \u0000E.S rates (300 & 600 ppm) significantly increased the fresh and dry weights as well as all the studied nutrients content (SO4=, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) of sorghum plants grown on the different soils as compared with S.O.B. ATCC 8158 treatment alone. \u0000 \u0000The highest rate of E.S (600 ppm) significantly increased all the previous parameters under study as compared with the lower rate (300 ppm). \u0000 \u0000The highest values of fresh and dry weights as well as nutrients content (SO4=, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) of sorghum plants grown on the used soils were obtained by 600 ppm E.S + S.O.B. ATCC 8158 treatment followed by 600 ppm E.S; 300 ppm E.S + S.O.B. ATCC 8158; 300 ppm E.S; S.O.B. ATCC 8158 and control treatments in decreasing order. \u0000The used soils: \u0000 \u0000E.S rates (300 & 600 ppm) and/or S.O.B. ATCC 8158 decreased pH values of the used soils after 3, 6 and 9 weeks from sowing as compared with their corresponding control treatments. The values of pH of sand soil (I) and clay loam soil slightly decreased by time i.e they decreased from 3 weeks to 9 weeks from plantation. \u0000 \u0000E.S rates (300 & 600 ppm) with or without inoculation the used soils with S.O.B. ATCC 8158 significantly increased SO4=, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content of all the used soils as compared with the control and sole S.O.B. ATCC 8158 treatments each alone. \u0000 \u0000The highest values of SO4=, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu contents of sandy soils (I & II) and clay loam soil took the same trend of these nutrient in sorghum plants. \u0000 \u0000The highest rate of E.S (600 ppm) significantly increased SO4=, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu contents in all the used soils as compared with the lower rates (300 ppm).All the values of fresh and dry weights as well as all the determined elements in sorghum plants and the used soils were higher when the clay loam soil was used than when the other two sandy soils (I & II) were used. This may be due to the fertility levels of these soils.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"31 15","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120822818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical properties of typical chernozem with moderate humus content used under orchards and field crops after deep tillage in the central part of Moldova.","authors":"T. Nagacevschi, A. Birsan","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V13I1.505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V13I1.505","url":null,"abstract":"One of the directions of contemporary pedology is the research of processes\u0000 occurring in soil. The importance of this problem is to know the methods of directing the processes in\u0000 the soil, to create optimal conditions for plant growth and development, preservation and increase soil\u0000 fertility and protection from negative technological processes (compaction, structure degradation etc.).\u0000 A strategic direction for the development of horticulture consists in the efficient operation of plantations\u0000 with unspent potential and successive replacement with advanced technologies that bring early bearing, high\u0000 productivity of competitive organic fruit demanded on domestic and foreign markets. Anthropogenic factors leading\u0000 to degradation of the soil cover is maximum involvement of land in traditional agriculture (especially fruit growing)\u0000 leading to humus loss, structure degradation, compaction and erosion.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124909336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of pedological information in the definition of land productivity and potential pressures on soil quality from Timis county.","authors":"D. Țărău, D. Daniel, G. Rogobete, C. Marinca, A. Țărău","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V13I1.508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V13I1.508","url":null,"abstract":"Soil properties can exert a decisive influence on the development of the root\u0000 system, mineral nutrition, providing air, hydric and thermal regime needed to carry the main physiological\u0000 processes in plants. In turn, it acts both directly and indirectly on fertility (quality) status of soil.\u0000 Systematic mapping and agrochemical soil studies conducted by the Office of Pedological and Agrochemical\u0000 Studies from Timis county provides valuable data on the state of soil quality, the establishment and implementation \u0000 of differentiated crop technologies, and determining the suitability of land for various crops, substantiation\u0000 of land improvement works and improvement technology, organization and systematization of land. This paper provides\u0000 basic knowledge and methodological elements to assess and characterize the natural and anthropogenic resources,\u0000 hoping that the information presented will interest the decision maker in the future, the agricultural research\u0000 and practice with respect to environmental protection, to strive for development interdisciplinary studies,\u0000 because we cannot speak about a healthy environment without an healthy soil. The issues addressed refer to an\u0000 area of 869,665 ha of which 697,143 ha of agricultural land, included in the National Monitoring Program for\u0000 Soil-Land for Agriculture in Timis county. The importance and originality come from the need to protect the edaphic\u0000 cover and environment by: accumulation of scientific data necessary to support certain technologies of conservative\u0000 work and sustainable management of soil and water resources by implementing conservative systems work and sustainable\u0000 management of the physical-geographical and edaphic factors from Timis county.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123471390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characterization and grouping of the agricultural land from the Lugoj Hills according to their capability for arable use.","authors":"I. Zisu","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V13I1.504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V13I1.504","url":null,"abstract":"The characterization of the ecologically homogeneous territories (TEO-in Romanian) \u0000 from the Lugoj Hills has been made according to the current Romanian methodology. The next step was to group\u0000 them in land capability classes. In this way, the map of the Lugoj Hills agricultural land capability for arable\u0000 use was obtained. Analyzing the results, it can be noticed that the most part of the researched region enters the\u0000 3rd and 4th capability class of arable land use. Also, it can be observed the lack of any land unit of the Lugoj Hills\u0000 area that can be naturally included in the first class of this land use. The main limiting factors of this area are\u0000 determined by soil humidity excess, land non-uniformity and by the soil fine texture. For the terrain units located in the\u0000 high areas some other limiting factors must be added: the slope with high values and the reduced available edaphic volume.\u0000 The qualitative reclamation of the agricultural land can be achieved using the land improvement actions and the enforcement\u0000 of the ameliorative technologies. The main remedial actions necessary for the Lugoj Hills agricultural land are flood control,\u0000 surface drainage, deep drainage, irrigations, anti-erosion works, deep loosening and ameliorative fertilization.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114772164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}