Plant Cell Reports最新文献

{"title":"Comparative analysis of plastomes of Rubus cultivars and development of molecular markers for species delimitation.","authors":"Lichao Hu, Yaqiong Wu, Zhuang Zhao, Wenlong Wu, Fuliang Cao, Zefu Wang, Weilin Li","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-04013-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-04013-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Plastome analyses confirmed the taxonomic classification of cultivated Rubus and identified candidate InDel markers for distinguishing major cultivated groups, offering genetic resources for future studies of hybrid identification and breeding. The genus Rubus, belonging to the Rosaceae family, comprises numerous wild germplasm resources. Among its most economically valuable cultivars are red raspberry, black raspberry, blackberry, as well as raspberry × blackberry hybrids. In this study, we assembled and characterized 81 newly Rubus plastomes, including 22 wild species and 59 cultivars. All genomes exhibited the typical quadripartite structure, with sizes ranging from 155,385 to 157,012 bp and containing 130 annotated genes (113 unique functional genes), indicating a high degree of conservation in plastome architecture and gene order. A comparative analysis was further conducted using plastomes from 16 representative Rubus cultivars, representing all unique plastome sequences. The repeat sequences, codon usage bias, and hypervariable regions were systematically analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that modern Rubus cultivars primarily cluster within three subgenera: Rubus, Idaeobatus, and Melanobatus, with black raspberry phylogenetically placed within Melanobatus. Furthermore, four InDel markers were developed and validated for distinguishing three Rubus cultivar groups (black raspberry, red raspberry and hybrids). In summary, our research substantially expands available plastome resources for Rubus species and cultivars, thereby facilitating species delimitation and supporting future hybrid breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrostatic pressure-induced heritable variation in rice is associated with transposon mobilization, DNA methylation changes, and transcriptional reprogramming.","authors":"Lanjuan Hu, Qi Wang, Yi Li, Wenzhu Jiang, Yu Zhong, Shuangzhan Huang, Zhengyu Feng, Xinru Xing, Boya Guo, Jiawei Peng, Xinglin Du, Ziming Ma","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-04009-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-04009-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Hydrostatic pressure treatment is associated with persistent phenotypic variation in rice, accompanied by transposon mobilization, DNA methylation changes, and transcriptional reprogramming that remain detectable after nine generations of self-pollination. Environmental stresses can induce genetic and epigenetic changes that contribute to phenotypic variation and, in some cases, may persist across generations. However, whether hydrostatic pressure can generate long-lasting molecular and phenotypic variation in plants remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated a hydrostatic pressure-derived rice lineage (HPM) obtained from pressure-treated seeds and maintained by self-pollination for nine generations. Compared with the wild-type cultivar JL307, HPM plants showed significantly reduced plant height, tiller number, and seed-setting rate. To investigate the molecular basis of these phenotypic differences, we combined analyses of transposon mobilization, DNA methylation, and gene expression. Transposon display showed that the MITE mPing remained mobile, and whole-genome resequencing identified 255 candidate HPM-specific transposable element insertion sites, predominantly in the LTR retrotransposon families Dasheng and Hopi; detected DNA methylation alterations at sampled CCGG sites, in which hypomethylation predominated; and found extensive transcriptional reprogramming involving numerous stress-responsive genes and transcription factor families, including WRKY, MYB, ERF/AP2, NAC, bHLH, and VQ. These molecular changes were accompanied by phenotypic differences that remained detectable in the ninth selfed generation. These findings suggest that hydrostatic pressure treatment can be associated with persistent variation in a selfed rice lineage that remain detectable after nine generations of selfing and was accompanied by transposon mobilization, DNA methylation changes, and transcriptional reprogramming, providing a foundation for further studies of stress-associated heritable variation in plants and its potential applications in crop improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13642388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of the HSF gene family in lily and functional characterization of LdHSFC1 under heat stress.","authors":"Sujuan Xu, Xiaoyu Hu, Ting Li, Hanhan Feng, Liping Ding, Ze Wu, Nianjun Teng","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03995-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03995-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Genome-wide analyses reveal extensive HSF expansion in lily, and functional assays identify LdHSFC1 as a heat-induced transcriptional repressor that reduces thermotolerance by directly suppressing LdHSFA2. Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are key regulators of plant thermotolerance, but their genome-wide characteristics and functions in lily are poorly characterized. We identified 48, 62, and 114 HSF genes in Lilium davidii var. unicolor, L. sargentiae, and L. regale, respectively. Comparative analyses of phylogeny, gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosomal distribution, and synteny revealed that lily HSF genes retain conserved core domains, but have undergone considerable expansion and diversification, particularly within class B and class C. Promoter analysis and transcriptome profiling suggested that numerous HSF genes are heat-responsive and potentially integrate stress, hormonal, and developmental signals. LdHSFC1 was notably induced by heat treatment. This protein localized to the nucleus and functioned as a transcriptional repressor. Transient transformation assays confirmed that LdHSFC1 damages lily thermotolerance. Furthermore, overexpression of LdHSFC1 suppressed, whereas its silencing enhanced the expression of LdHSFA1, LdHSFA2, LdHSFA3 and LdMBF1c. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays further showed that LdHSFC1 binds directly to the LdHSFA2 promoter to repress its transcription. Collectively, this work presents the first genome-wide overview of the lily HSF family and identifies LdHSFC1 as a negative regulator of thermotolerance. These findings broaden the understanding of heat-responsive transcriptional regulation in ornamental plants and highlight potential targets for enhancing lily thermotolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-defined cold acclimation reprograms organ-specific metabolic and transcriptional landscapes for salt stress responses in maize.","authors":"Kinga Benczúr, Fatemeh Gholizadeh, Magda Pál, Tibor Janda, Kamirán Áron Hamow, Mihály Dernovics, Katalin Nagy, Imre Majláth, Eva Darko, Jian Wu, Nhan Van Le, Gabriella Szalai","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-04008-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-04008-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Cold acclimation of young maize plants induced a light-dependent, organ-specific reprogramming at the metabolomic and gene expression levels, which significantly altered responses to salinity. It has been shown that light plays a decisive role in cold acclimation in plants. The core objective of the present work was to elucidate how light conditions during cold acclimation affect subsequent salt stress responses by co-regulating various processes among organs maize (Zea mays L.). Plants were cold-acclimated under sufficient light or shade and subsequently exposed to severe cold or salinity. Organ-specific analyses of leaves, stems, and roots combined chlorophyll fluorescence measurements with targeted and untargeted metabolomics, hormone and polyamine profiling, and stress-related gene expression were studied. Cold acclimation under sufficient light established organ-specific metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming that substantially altered subsequent salt stress responses. Light-acclimated plants showed coordinated, pathway-level metabolic adjustments across organs and distinct regulation of key stress-responsive genes, particularly in leaves and roots. Analyses indicated systemic, rather than isolated, metabolic rearrangements. These findings demonstrate that cold acclimation, depending on light intensity, establishes an organ-coordinated acclimated state that modulates subsequent salinity responses, highlighting the importance of environmental history and inter-organ regulation in stress adaptation. This study is the first to systematically reveal the organ-specific and systemic regulatory network underlying the light-temperature-salt interaction in maize.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CsWRKY22 positively regulates quercetin biosynthesis by activating the CsFLSd promoter in tea plants (Camellia sinensis).","authors":"Xiao Yan, Mingxiang Rao, Yu Tao, Weixi Ran, Yuchun Wang, Wuyun Lv, Hengze Ren, Yanan Chen, Mengqian Lu, Tingting Jing, Chunfang Li","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-04011-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-04011-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>CsWRKY22 acts as a positive regulator of CsFLSd through binding to proCsFLSd, promoting quercetin accumulation in tea plants, which contributes to the astringent taste of tea. Flavonol derivatives, including quercetin, are nutritionally valuable dietary components with health benefits. In tea plants, their high accumulation not only contributes to the beverage's nutritional quality but also influences its characteristic astringent taste. To gain a deeper insight into the mechanisms underlying flavonols biosynthesis in tea plants, this study first identified a candidate flavonol synthase-encoding gene, CsFLSd, via bioinformatic mining of the tea plant transcriptome. Functional validation showed that targeted manipulation of CsFLSd expression directly modulated quercetin levels: transient suppression of CsFLSd expression in tea plant leaves resulted in a significant reduction in quercetin content. Heterologous stable overexpression of CsFLSd in Arabidopsis thaliana further confirmed its role in promoting quercetin accumulation. To dissect the upstream regulation of CsFLSd, a Yeast One-Hybrid (Y1H) screen was performed using a tea plant cDNA library, leading to the identification of CsWRKY22 as a potential interacting partner of the CsFLSd promoter. Subsequent validation experiments revealed that CsWRKY22 could specifically bind to the CsFLSd promoter. Functional analyses demonstrated that transient overexpression of CsWRKY22 in tea plant leaves elevated the quercetin content, whereas transient suppression of its expression reduced quercetin accumulation, indicating that CsWRKY22 acts as a positive regulator of quercetin biosynthesis. Collectively, these findings characterize an important regulatory step in quercetin biosynthesis in tea plants, defined by the CsWRKY22-proCsFLSd module that controls quercetin production. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights into flavonols biosynthesis in tea plants, advancing the understanding of flavonoid metabolic regulation in tea plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-environment genome-wide association study reveals genetic loci associated with drought tolerance during wheat germination.","authors":"Tongtong Liu, Lifeng Gao, Jinbo Li, Nan Qiao, Dongyan Jiang, Jinwen Yang, Jizeng Jia, Jiagang Wang, Daizhen Sun, Ning Li","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-04014-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-04014-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>This study used multi-index evaluation and GWAS to identify QTLs and candidate genes for wheat germination drought tolerance, notably a 5D pleiotropic hotspot associated with multiple traits, offering breeding targets. Drought tolerance during wheat germination is critical for uniform seedling establishment in arid and semi-arid regions, ultimately affecting final yield. However, the genetic basis of drought tolerance at this stage remains less understood compared to later growth phases. In this study, a natural population of 389 wheat varieties was evaluated under three independent annual environments with drought stress simulated by 20% PEG-6000. Six germination-related traits-germination rate, shoot length, root length, root number, coleoptile length, and germination potential-were measured and their drought resistance coefficients (DRC) were calculated. To overcome the limitations of single-trait evaluation, principal component analysis combined with a membership function method was used to construct a comprehensive drought tolerance evaluation value (D-value). Rankings based on this D-value showed high consistency across environments, with pairwise correlation coefficients exceeding 0.82 (all P < 0.001). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 660 K SNP data identified 270 significantly associated SNPs at a threshold of P <1 × 10^-4. Through stringent filtering-requiring detection in at least two environments or association with multiple traits-10 important quantitative trait loci (QTL) were defined, including eight stably expressed across multiple environments and four pleiotropic QTLs. Notably, a stable pleiotropic hotspot (qDT-G5D.1 and qDT-G5D.2) was identified on chromosome 5D, associated with root number, germination potential, and germination rate, highlighting its potential for the coordinated improvement of multiple drought tolerance traits. By integrating published transcriptome data, 12 putative candidate genes showing differential expression between drought-tolerant and sensitive varieties were screened within the important QTL intervals. Haplotype analysis revealed that 10 of these genes exhibited significant phenotypic differences among haplotypes. Overall, this study establishes a multi-index evaluation system for wheat germination-stage drought tolerance and identifies stable QTL, pleiotropic hotspots, and candidate genes with potential breeding value, providing genetic resources for marker-assisted breeding and further functional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PpAPRR2 regulates chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development during early fruit development in peach.","authors":"Min Chen, Xiao Chen, Xiaolong Xu, Yizhou Chen, Ling Li, Shenghui Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-04002-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-04002-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>PpAPRR2 promotes chlorophyll accumulation in peach fruit, and its overexpression enhances fruitgreening in tomato. Fruit peel color represents an important quality trait in peach (Prunus persica L.), determined by the dynamic balance between chlorophyll and anthocyanin metabolism. While the regulatory networks controlling anthocyanin regulation have been well documented, the molecular mechanisms governing chlorophyll accumulation and peel greening remain less understood. Here, we identified nine ARR-B family transcription factors in peach and found that PpAPRR2 was predominantly expressed during early fruit development, showing a strong positive correlation with chlorophyll levels. Subcellular localization assays revealed that PpAPRR2 was localized in the nucleus. Functional analysis using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in peach fruit reduced chlorophyll content and downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes. In contrast, heterologous overexpression of PpAPRR2 in tomato resulted in darker green fruits, enhanced chlorophyll content, and increased expression of chlorophyll biosynthesis genes. Transcriptome analysis further confirmed promotion of photosynthetic pathways and suppression of chlorophyll degradation in PpAPRR2-overexpressing tomato fruits. Together, these results demonstrate that PpAPRR2 acts as a regulator promoting chlorophyll accumulation and chloroplast development in peach fruit. This study provides novel insights into the genetic control of fruit peel coloration and offers a potential molecular target for improving fruit quality through genetic engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EgKT2-1, an inwardly rectifying Shaker-type potassium channel in oil palm that correlates with oil yield.","authors":"Houssein Monder, Sandra Espeout, Sabine D Zimmermann, Norbert Billotte, Jean-Luc Verdeil, Stéphanie Bocs, Jean Ollivier, Reinout Impens, Florence Jacob, Isabelle Gaillard, Teresa Cuéllar","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03975-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03975-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oil extracted from the mesocarp of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.) drupes is the world's leading source of vegetable oil. Oil palm cultivation requires large amounts of mineral nutrients supplied through fertilization, representing a major production cost. Among essential nutrients, potassium (K⁺) plays a critical role in plant growth and fruit development. However, the mechanisms underlying K⁺ transport and its relationship with yield remain poorly understood. Here, we identified and characterized EgKT2-1, a Shaker-like potassium channel belonging to the AKT2-like subfamily. Quantitative PCR analyses showed that EgKT2-1 is expressed in leaves, meristem, and during early fruit development, with higher transcript abundance during early fruit development coinciding with increased K⁺ accumulation. In situ hybridization localized EgKT2-1 transcripts to the root cortex and phloem tissues, leaf palisade parenchyma, and mesocarp cells during early fruit development. These expression patterns are consistent with a potential contribution of EgKT2-1 to K⁺ transport and allocation between source and sink tissues. Although sequence similarity places EgKT2-1 within the weakly rectifying AKT2-like subfamily, electrophysiological characterization in Xenopus laevis oocytes revealed inwardly rectifying channel activity, suggesting a potential role in K⁺ uptake. EgKT2-1 expression was higher in an oil palm progeny C3 which exhibited greater K⁺ allocation to aerial organs and greater oil yield. Together, these findings identify EgKT2-1 as an inwardly rectifying K⁺ channel potentially involved in K⁺ transport and redistribution during oil palm development and suggest a correlation between EgKT2-1 expression, K⁺ allocation, and oil yield variation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marigold suspension cell culture as production system for recombinant DsRed and brazzein.","authors":"Matthias Buntru, Alexander Croon, Jürgen Müller, Marika Hanke, Helga Schinkel","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03982-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03982-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Newly established Calendula officinalis suspension culture with low protease activity in the supernatant is transformed and produces high yields of recombinant proteins both in the cytosol and in the apoplast. A marigold (Calendula officinalis) suspension cell culture (CR1) was established from very young root tissues. Protease activity was checked in the cell culture supernatant (SN) and was found to be very low. To determine if CR1 could be a suitable production platform for recombinant proteins, a transformation was performed. Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens, CR1 was transformed with a construct containing two cassettes: one coding for a red fluorescent protein (DsRed) targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum and the other coding for the sweet protein brazzein, targeted to the apoplast. Suspension cultures were initiated from calli that exhibited strong DsRed fluorescence. A brazzein standard was prepared from the SN of one transformed CR1 line by purifying brazzein and subsequent quantification via tryptic digest and mass spectrometric comparison with a commercial brazzein-derived peptide of known concentration. This standard was used to determine the brazzein concentration in seven different transgenic CR1 transformation events by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with the highest concentration measured at 24.5 µg/ml. Quantification of DsRed production in the cells of the same cultures showed up to 1322 µg/g fresh weight of DsRed (equivalent to 34.9% of total soluble protein). CR1 is potentially an excellent novel alternative to BY2 cells for the production of recombinant proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional characterization of the grape VvCAD15-like gene in enhancing cold tolerance via regulation of lignin biosynthesis.","authors":"Xiaoyan Sun, Han Wang, Fanwei Zeng, Ning Wang, Baozhen Zeng, Jianwei Zhao, Jianxiang Gao, Shixiong Lu, Guoping Liang, Juan Mao, Baihong Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00299-026-03977-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00299-026-03977-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis, but its role in grapevine cold tolerance is not well understood. Here we identified 23 VvCAD members from the 'Pinot Noir' genome and focused on VvCAD15-like, a Group II member whose expression was induced by cold. Transient overexpression of this gene in grape calli and plantlets increased lignin content, antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, POD, SOD), and proline level, while decreased MDA, H₂O₂, and membrane permeability. It also upregulated VvCBF1/3 and VvICE1a. Transcriptome data implied potential links between VvCAD15-like and phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, and hormone signaling pathways. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays identified three transcription factors-VvbHLH112, VvbHLH95, and VvNF-YA7-that could bind and activate the VvCAD15-like promoter under cold treatment. Among them, VvbHLH112 had transcriptional activation activity, and VvbHLH95 was closely related to AtICE1. Together, these data indicate that VvCAD15-like promotes cold tolerance possibly through cell wall reinforcement, ROS scavenging, and CBF pathway activation. This is the first report on VvCAD15-like function in grape cold tolerance, revealing its non-canonical role beyond lignin biosynthesis. It should be noted, however, that these results came from transient expression systems, and stable transgenic lines are needed to confirm its function in whole plants. Our work provides useful gene resources for cold tolerance breeding in grapevines.</p>","PeriodicalId":20204,"journal":{"name":"Plant Cell Reports","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}