Placenta最新文献

{"title":"Antenatal maternal serum biomarkers as a predictor for placenta accreta spectrum disorders","authors":"Apichote Wihakarat ,&nbsp;Kamonnut Singkhamanan ,&nbsp;Savitree Pranpanus","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorder, an abnormal adherence of the placenta to the uterine wall, with variable degrees of invasion, is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality associated with severe postpartum hemorrhage. PAS is diagnosed using ultrasonography or with magnetic resonance imaging; in many centers there is a lack of PAS diagnostic expertise in diagnosing. Hence, we investigated the performance of selected maternal plasma protein biomarkers, antithrombin-III (AT-3), plasminogen activator inhibitor-I (PAI-I), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-II (sVEGFR-2), and soluble Tie-II (sT-2) for prenatal screening in pregnancies at a high risk of PAS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study, conducted in a tertiary hospital from September 2021 to May 2022, included pregnant women with placenta previa suspicious of PAS between 28 and 42 weeks of gestation. Four serum samples were collected from each woman to evaluate serum concentrations and compared between placenta previa (control) and PAS groups. The screening performances of the biomarkers were analyzed, and the best screening model for PAS was created.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-two women with PAS and 18 with placenta previa alone were included (n = 40). The median concentrations of PAI-I, AT-3, sVEGFR-2, and sT-2 among the PAS group were 21.2, 6154.6, 7.5, and 12.8 ng/mL, respectively. The best screening model for PAS combined all four biomarkers with a history of cesarean delivery (77 % sensitivity, 89 % specificity, and an AUC of 0.87).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>A combination of the four maternal serum biomarkers in women with a history of cesarean delivery presented the most promising model for prenatal screening of PAS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A combination of the four maternal serum biomarkers with a history of cesarean delivery presented the most promising model for prenatal screening of PAS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 62-68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling placental development in circadian rhythm-disrupted mice: A photo-acoustic imaging study on unstained tissue","authors":"M.N. Cizmeciyan ,&nbsp;N.I. Bektas ,&nbsp;N. Derin ,&nbsp;T. Denizaltı ,&nbsp;A. Khoshzaban ,&nbsp;M.B. Unlu ,&nbsp;C. Celik-Ozenci","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Circadian rhythm disruption has garnered significant attention for its adverse effects on human health, particularly in reproductive medicine and fetal well-being. Assessing pregnancy health often relies on diagnostic markers such as the labyrinth zone (LZ) proportion within the placenta. This study aimed to investigate the impact of disrupted circadian rhythms on placental health and fetal development using animal models.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>Employing unstained photo-acoustic microscopy (PAM) and hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained images, we found them mutually reinforcing. Our images revealed the role of maternal circadian rhythm disrupted group (MCRD) on the LZ and fetus weight: a decrease in LZ area from 5.01 (4.25) mm² HE (PAM) to 3.58 (2.62) mm² HE (PAM) on day 16 and 6.48 (5.16) mm² HE (PAM) to 4.61 (3.03) mm² HE (PAM) on day 18, resulting in 0.71 times lower fetus weights. We have discriminated a decrease in the mean LZ to placenta area ratio from 64 % to 47 % on day 18 in mice with disrupted circadian rhythms with PAM.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The study highlights the negative influence of circadian rhythm disruption on placental development and fetal well-being. Reduced LZ area and fetal weights in the MCRD group suggest compromised placental function under disrupted circadian rhythms. PAM imaging proved to be an efficient technique for assessing placental development, offering advantages over traditional staining methods. These findings contribute to understanding the underlying mechanisms of circadian disruption on reproductive health and fetal development. Further research is needed to explore interventions to mitigate these effects and improve pregnancy outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 57-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterising delayed villous maturation: A narrative literature review","authors":"Sharanam Soni ,&nbsp;Adam Stevens ,&nbsp;Gauri Batra ,&nbsp;Alexander E.P. Heazell","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The normal development of the placenta is vital for fetal growth and a healthy pregnancy outcome. Delayed villous maturation (DVM) is a placental lesion that has been implicated in stillbirth. In DVM, villi do not maturate adequately for their gestational age. DVM is characterised by larger and fewer terminal placental villi, low numbers of syncytial knots, and thicker and fewer vasculosyncytial membranes. DVM is most commonly reported in conjunction with maternal diabetes; however, the occurrence of idiopathic DVM suggests that there may be multiple mechanistic pathways that contribute to DVM. DVM can only be diagnosed through histopathological examination after birth, and there is significant interobserver variability in diagnosis. Establishing objective criteria to distinguish between DVM and healthy placentas is key to increasing the understanding of DVM. Vasculosyncytial membrane count, numbers of syncytial knots and CD15, among others, have been presented as potential diagnostic criteria in the literature. This review aims to compile information on DVM, including the pathophysiology, conditions that have reported associations with DVM and potential markers that could be used as criteria to differentiate between DVM and healthy placentas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular RNA hsa_circ_0081343 modulates trophoblast autophagy through Rbm8a nuclear translocation","authors":"Linmei Zheng ,&nbsp;Rong Tang ,&nbsp;Junbo Fang ,&nbsp;Haoyue Hu ,&nbsp;Fiaz Ahmad ,&nbsp;Qiong Tang ,&nbsp;Jinfu Liu ,&nbsp;Mei Zhong ,&nbsp;Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a kind of obstetric complication that seriously endangers fetal life. Recent studies reported significant reduction of hsa_circ_0081343 in human placenta developed in FGR and is involved in cell migration, invasion, and apoptosis of trophoblast by acting as microRNA sponges. Autophagy is required for invasion of trophoblast cells and for vascular remodeling during placentation. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanistic link between hsa_circ_0081343 and autophagy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We investigated the interactions between hsa_circ_0081343 and RNA-binding proteins were studied by RNA pull-down assay, mass spectrometry and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. The mechanism of nuclear translocation of Rbm8a were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence and Co-Immunoprecipitation. Western blot, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy were performed to elucidate the mechanism underlying hsa_circ_0081343 and/or Rbm8a mediated regulation of autophagy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>hsa_circ_0081343 served as an RNA-binding protein (RBP) sponge. RNA binding motif protein 8A (Rbm8a) was directly bound to hsa_circ_0081343 in the cytoplasm, while knockdown of hsa_circ_0081343 facilitated Rbm8a localization in the nucleus. We also identified Rbm8a as a potential import cargo for Importin13 (Ipo13), which transported Rbm8a across the nuclear membrane into the nucleus.</div><div>Ipo13 recognized Rbm8a via a functional nuclear localization signal (NLS). Furthermore, the mechanistic study revealed that hsa_circ_0081343-mediated nuclear translocation of Rbm8a activated trophoblast autophagy.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our results suggest that hsa_circ_0081343 could bind to RBP and the interaction between hsa_circ_0081343 and Rbm8a participate in regulating autophagy. These findings offer novel molecular targets and insights for a potential therapeutic strategy against FGR<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 89-101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The emerging role of microRNA-based therapeutics in the treatment of preeclampsia","authors":"Sushmaa Chandralekha Selvakumar ,&nbsp;K Auxzilia Preethi ,&nbsp;Kehinde Ross ,&nbsp;Durairaj Sekar","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication that is often diagnosed due to elevated blood pressure and proteinuria. Though current research focuses on the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, still, there is a lack of clinical validation for the use of biomarkers and therapeutic targets for early diagnosis and treatment of PE. Several molecules are being studied for their potential role in PE. Among them, microRNAs are studied vastly for their role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of PE. But only a few studies are focused on the therapeutic efficacy of miRNAs in PE. Thus, the relevant articles were identified and discussed in this review. These studies provide evidence that miRNAs are indeed important molecules in PE that have the role of both therapeutic targets and therapeutic molecules. However, the studies are limited to in vivo an <em>in vitro</em> models, hence further studies are required to validate the complete potential of miRNA therapeutics. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) sponges, miRNA mimics, miRNA inhibitors, exosome-associated miRNAs, and several other molecules have been studied as miRNA-based therapeutics in PE. Thus, miRNAs are postulated to be potential therapeutic targets and miRNA-based therapeutics might pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches for PE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 38-47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placental lesions in stillbirth following the Amsterdam consensus: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Brenda F. Narice ,&nbsp;Victoria Byrne ,&nbsp;Mariam Labib ,&nbsp;Marta C. Cohen ,&nbsp;Dilly O. Anumba","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Placental disorders remain one of the main causes of stillbirth. However, the lack of standardised nomenclature has significantly limited the clinical utility of placental histology. Following the Amsterdam consensus classification, which now allows proper comparisons of placenta histology across the world, we conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis (Prospero CRD42023410469) to assess the commonest stillbirth-associated placental lesions worldwide. Eighteen studies with 3082 placentas were included. Maternal vascular malperfusion and fetal vascular malperfusion were the most prevalent placental lesions in stillbirth, and significantly more frequent in stillbirths than livebirths [OR 3.0 (95 % CI 2.0–4.5), p &lt; 0.001 and OR 5.12 (95 % CI 3.09–8.47), p &lt; 0.001, respectively]. However, when adjusting for gestational age, only maternal vascular malperfusion remained significant at term. Better understanding of the pathophysiology underlying placental lesions is needed to inform timely risk assessment and therapeutic interventions capable of reducing placental-related stillbirths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 23-37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of placental gene therapy via uterine artery catheterization in a pregnant rhesus macaque.","authors":"Jenna K Schmidt, Rebecca L Wilson, Baylea N Davenport, Timothy A Hacker, Casey Fitz, Heather A Simmons, Michele L Schotzko, Thaddeus G Golos, Helen N Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanoparticles offer promise as a mechanism to non-invasively deliver targeted placental therapeutics. Our previous studies utilizing intraplacental administration demonstrate efficient nanoparticle uptake into placental trophoblast cells and overexpression of human IGF1 (hIGF1). Nanoparticle-mediated placental overexpression of hIGF1 in small animal models of placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction improved nutrient transport and restored fetal growth. The objective of this pilot study was to extend these studies to the pregnant nonhuman primate and develop a method for local delivery of nanoparticles to the placenta via maternal blood flow from the uterine artery. Nanoparticles containing hIGF1 plasmid driven by the placenta-specific PLAC1 promoter were delivered to a mid-gestation pregnant rhesus macaque via a catheterization approach that is clinically used for uterine artery embolization. Maternal-fetal interface, fetal and maternal tissues were collected four days post-treatment to evaluate the efficacy of hIGF1 treatment in the placenta. The uterine artery catheterization procedure and nanoparticle treatment was well tolerated by the dam and fetus through the four-day study period following catheterization. Nanoparticles were taken up by the placenta from maternal blood as plasmid-specific hIGF1 expression was detected in multiple regions of the placenta via in situ hybridization and qPCR. The uterine artery catheterization approach enabled successful delivery of nanoparticles to maternal circulation in close proximity to the placenta with no concerns to maternal or fetal health in this short-term feasibility study. In the future, this delivery approach can be used for preclinical evaluation of the long-term safety and efficacy of nanoparticle-mediated placental therapies in a rhesus macaque model.</p>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mTOR is an essential gate in adapting the functional response of ovine trophoblast cells under stress-inducing environments","authors":"Irene Viola ,&nbsp;Paolo Accornero ,&nbsp;Isabella Manenti ,&nbsp;Silvia Miretti ,&nbsp;Mario Baratta ,&nbsp;Paola Toschi","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>During the early stage of pregnancy trophoblast cells adapt to adverse uterine environments characterized by oxygen and nutrient deprivation. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process that aims to promote cell survival in response to stressful conditions. Autophagy activation passes through the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), also known as a placental nutrient sensor. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ovine trophoblast cells may adapt to a suboptimal environment through an mTOR dependent regulation of cell survival with relevant implications for key placental functionality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Primary ovine trophoblast cells subjected to mTOR inhibitor and low-nutrient conditions were used to explore how autophagy affects cellular functionality and expression of solute carriers’ genes (SLCs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Autophagy activation was confirmed both in rapamycin-treated and low-nutrient conditions, through the detection of specific autophagic markers. However, p-mTOR activation seems to be severely modified only following rapamycin treatment whereas 24h of starvation allowed p-mTOR reactivation. Starvation promoted migration compared to normal culture conditions whereas all trophoblast functional activities were decreased in rapamycin treatment. Interestingly in both conditions, the autophagy-activated environment did not affect the progesterone release. mRNA expression of amino acid transporters remains largely undisturbed except for SLC43A2 and SLC38A4 which are downregulated in starved and rapamycin-treated cells, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The study demonstrates that sheep trophoblast cells can adapt to adverse conditions in the early stage of placentation by balancing, in an mTOR dependent manner, nutrient recycling and transport with relevant effects for <em>in vitro</em> functional properties, which could potentially impact conceptus development and survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"158 ","pages":"Pages 14-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for the quantitative analysis of images retrieved by multiplex immunofluorescence staining to allow cell type-specific spatial phenotyping of markers of interest in the human placenta.","authors":"Theresa Forndran, Silke Große, Gina Weber, Lara Hausdorf, Dagmar Samsel, Alexander Berndt, Nikolaus Gaßler, Tanja Groten","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In contrast to other tissues, the placenta consists of numerous functionally different cell types, distributed in a markedly dissimilar manner within one placenta and between different cases. To evaluate pathology-specific changes in cell phenotype and expression of molecular markers it is important to establish a multi staining method combining immunohistological identification of the cell type with staining of proteins of interest. We successfully established a protocol for a 6-plex antibody panel for multiplex immunofluorescence. Here, we report the staining protocol and the establishment of the quantification algorithm we developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preeclampsia and transport of ions and small molecules: A literature review","authors":"Thaís Duarte Borges de Moura ,&nbsp;Fernanda Bordignon Nunes ,&nbsp;Bianca Dalla Vecchia Crestani ,&nbsp;Thales Fernando Canabarro Araujo ,&nbsp;Eduarda Luiza Hanauer ,&nbsp;Helena von Eye Corleta ,&nbsp;Gisele Branchini","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preeclampsia (PE) is a prevalent obstetric complication affecting approximately 3–5% of pregnancies worldwide and is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Preeclampsia is considered a disease of the endothelial system that can progress to eclampsia, characterized by seizures. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to improving maternal and fetal outcomes, as preeclampsia can lead to severe complications such as placental abruption, fetal growth restriction, and stroke. The pathophysiology of PE is complex, involving a combination of genetic, acquired, and immunological factors. A central feature of the condition is inadequate placentation and impaired uteroplacental perfusion, leading to local hypoxia, endothelial dysfunction, vasoconstriction, and immunological dysregulation. Recent evidence suggests that dysregulation of ion transporters may play a significant role in the adaptation of uterine circulation during placentation. These transporters are essential for maintaining maternal-fetal homeostasis, influencing processes such as nutrient exchange, hormone synthesis, trophoblast cell migration, and the function of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. In preeclampsia, adverse conditions like hypoxia and oxidative stress result in the downregulation of ion, solute, and water transporters, impairing their function. This review focuses on membrane transporters involved in PE, discussing functional alterations and their physiological implications. The goal of this investigation is to enhance understanding of how dysregulation of ion and small molecule transporters contributes to the development and progression of preeclampsia, underscoring the importance of exploring these signaling pathways for potential therapeutic interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"156 ","pages":"Pages 77-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}