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Results of the integrated study of a large stone tool from the Upper Paleolithic site Suren I 苏仁1号旧石器时代晚期遗址大型石器综合研究结果

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2021-1-8-24

N. Skakun, L. Longo, V. Terekhina, I. Pantyukhina, J. Heredia, D. Shulga

引用次数: 0

On the application of the averaged correlation matrix in craniometry 平均相关矩阵在颅骨测量中的应用

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2021-1-63-141-149

I. Shirobokov

{"title":"On the application of the averaged correlation matrix in craniometry","authors":"I. Shirobokov","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2021-1-63-141-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2021-1-63-141-149","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an averaged correlation matrix for 20 craniometric features, calculated for 24 male Eurasian samples. In some cases, correlation matrices calculated for different samples vary significantly; however, the fluctuations in the coefficients are usually random. Most correlation coefficients between craniometric traits have low positive values. The Mantel test, often used to compare matrices, produces incorrect results, since it is insensitive to the relationship between the value of the correlation coefficient and its stability: the lower the value of the correlation coefficient, the higher its random variability. At the same time, averaged correlation matrix based on individual data is similar to the averaged correlation matrices based on worldwide data used by Russian anthropologists at present. The usefullness of averaged correlation matrices for intergroup comparisons has been tested. It was also shown that the use of the averaged matrix for calculating the Mahalanobis distances produces results comparable to the calculations based on individual data. The analyzed samples can represent populations both from the local settlements and territorial communities. That was confirmed by the results of a series of tests for the Eastern European cranial samples, which were not used in the calculation of the averaged matrix. In conclusion some biases in the analysis of correlation coefficients caused by false ideas about their properties are considered.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114062227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reassessment of the cranial and dental data from the Upper Paleolithic site of Kostenki 15 对旧石器时代晚期Kostenki 15遗址颅骨和牙齿数据的重新评估

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-147-155

A. Zubova, V. Moiseyev, A. M. Kul’kov, A. Obodovskiy

{"title":"Reassessment of the cranial and dental data from the Upper Paleolithic site of Kostenki 15","authors":"A. Zubova, V. Moiseyev, A. M. Kul’kov, A. Obodovskiy","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-147-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-147-155","url":null,"abstract":"In the article we present new results of the study of the child skull found in a burial at the Upper Paleolithic site of Kostenki 15 (Gorodtsov site). While the CT analysis of the earlier reconstructed skull revealed high level of destruction of the morphologically important landmarks which prevents from using the conventional cranial metric characteristics of the individual in population studies, the analysis of its dental morphology was shown to be much more informative. Our study revealed that the upper incisors and lower molars of the sample display a specific complex of non-metric traits which combine European (4-cusped first molars) traits with such Asian characteristics as shovel-shaped upper lateral incisors, odontoglyphic patterns on the first lower molars, and morphology of the second lower deciduous molars. The results of the statistical analysis of the dental metrics does not match with the hypothesis on close biological affinities of the Kostenki 15 child with Předmostí and Dolní Věstonice populations put forward by Yakimov but again revealed intermediate European-Asian position of the Kostenki 15 sample. Several European samples including those from the Pavlov, Cap Blanc and Grotte de la Balauzière sites and one Siberian sample from the Malta settlement demonstrate the highest level of similarity with the Kostenki 15. Apparently, it can be argued that the results of our study suggest long distance migrations in Eurasia as early as the Upper Paleolithic.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114945682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Primary reduction technology in the Sukhaya Mechetka site assemblage Sukhaya Mechetka站点组合中的初级还原技术

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-67-99

A. Kolesnik, A. Otcherednoy, K. Stepanova, A. Danilchenko

{"title":"Primary reduction technology in the Sukhaya Mechetka site assemblage","authors":"A. Kolesnik, A. Otcherednoy, K. Stepanova, A. Danilchenko","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-67-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-67-99","url":null,"abstract":"The Sukhaya Mechetka site in the Lower Volga region being widely known due to the unique preservation of cultural remains, their clear geological position and a rich set of tools has long become a kind of icon of the Middle Paleolithic of Eastern Europe. Improtantly the site was excavated over a wide area (about 650 square meters). During the excavation an assemblage of stone items including more than 350 tools, cores and about 10,000 flint and quartzite flakes of various types was collected. The neogene flint and the paleogene quartzite were used as raw materials approximately equally. According to our observations almost all available and suitable for processing stone rocks that were carried to the site as nodules, blocks, fragments and flakes were intensively used. Raw materials were collected in the immediate vicinity of the site. The signals of raw materials shortage and significant depth of its processing were detected. The distribution of the products of flint and quartzite raw materials on the site is irregular. Primary knapping was carried out according to typical Middle Paleolithic technologies. A small series of stone hammers display specific patterns of their use-wear. The cores and the flakes produced with these hammers were found. The complete sequence of preparation and flaking from the pre-cores to the residual forms has been documented. The shortage of high-quality raw material resulted in extremely complete usage of the most cores. Additionally many residual forms have been used for making tools. The cores can be divided into radial, cuboid and Levallois samples.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124293485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

hat the recent restoration of the Lion Man figurine of Hohlenstein-Stadel Cave tells us about its treatment in the Early Upper Palaeolithic 最近对Hohlenstein-Stadel洞穴狮人雕像的修复告诉我们它在旧石器时代早期的处理方式

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-58-66

S. Wolf, N. Ebinger, K. Wehrberger, C. Kind

{"title":"hat the recent restoration of the Lion Man figurine of Hohlenstein-Stadel Cave tells us about its treatment in the Early Upper Palaeolithic","authors":"S. Wolf, N. Ebinger, K. Wehrberger, C. Kind","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-58-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-58-66","url":null,"abstract":"In 1939, excavators uncovered in Hohlenstein-StadelCave nearly 200 mammoth ivory fragments that were refitted as a therianthrope figurine with the head and upper body of a cave lion and the lower body and legs of a human being. It was named the Lion Man. During recent excavations (2008 to 2013) in the StadelCave , a stratigraphic sequence extending from the Middle Palaeolithic to the Aurignacian was discovered. It became clear that the location of the Lion Man during the excavations of 1939 corresponded to the layer Au of the recent 2008–2013 excavations. During the recent work a part of the excavation backdirt from 1939 was also uncovered. Inside this backdirt, 575 fragments of mammoth ivory were found, some belonging to the Lion Man figurine, which was carved from a complete tusk. In 2012–2013 the Lion Man was newly restored and completed to the greatest possible extent. It became apparent that the Lion Man represents a male. Its snout, back, and right side were refitted, and the Lion Man also gained in volume from the added pieces. New insights point towards an intentional deposition of the formerly complete figurine during the Aurignacian.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133973978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Resolution of a sign (1). Regarding a Neolithic slab in the petit mont passage grave (Arzon, France) 一个标志的解析(1).关于petit mont passage墓中的一块新石器时代石板(法国阿尔松)

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-25-41

S. Cassen, Valentin Grimaud

{"title":"Resolution of a sign (1). Regarding a Neolithic slab in the petit mont passage grave (Arzon, France)","authors":"S. Cassen, Valentin Grimaud","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-25-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-25-41","url":null,"abstract":"Our communication will make use of the word “resolution” in order to address both the original meanings of prehistoric signs and the new technical capabilities that make it possible to detect ancient engravings on stone. An interpretation of an iconographic program belonging to such an old period (6500 BP) relies on a precise inventory of material removals on the rock surface so that all the signs can be detailed and labelled. For this, we will focus on one of the two passage graves preserved in the Neolithic cairn of PetitMont (Arzon, France). There, an engraved orthostat displaying a figure of a so-called “solar wheel” has been known for a long time; however, this type of motif neither fits the chronological context nor the usual corpus of signs in the megaliths of Brittany. A careful recording combining a compilation of images under oblique lighting and 3D modelling makes it possible to produce a graphical synthesis at several levels of information (contours, removal of material from the rock surface, chromatic and morphological alterations). All the signs identified on the basis of their hollow layouts allow us to recognize four main motifs: a circular composition consisting of 17 polished axe blades; a representation of a liquid element; two depictions of boats, one with crew, the other unmanned.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129919336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cronicals of “Pacific archaeology” “太平洋考古”的传奇

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-156-157

A. Popov, A. Tabarev

引用次数: 0

On the reliability of radiocarbon dating of burial sites of the Tagar culture 论塔格尔文化遗址放射性碳定年的可靠性

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-100-121

Nikolai Kuzmin

{"title":"On the reliability of radiocarbon dating of burial sites of the Tagar culture","authors":"Nikolai Kuzmin","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-100-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2020-2-100-121","url":null,"abstract":"The results of radiocarbon dating of the Scythian period Tagar culture burial grounds excavated in the Minusinsk basin in several cases do not match to archaeological chronology and change conventional ideas on the succession of certain periods of its evolution. The verification of the reliability of the results of radiocarbon dating made on base of stratigraphic data, the sequence of changes in burial complexes (structures, rituals, implements), archaeological dating of some artifacts which takes into account the results of chemical analysis of bronze, earthenware and glass items demonstrated that the dates lying beyond the so-called the Hallstatt plateau (800-400 BC) are most consistent with archaeological concepts. Within this period radiocarbon dates either lay a wide range, which does not allow determining the specific time of the construction of the site, or, if a narrow time span for the complex existence is supposed, they turn out to be erroneous, as it is in case with the early Saragash mounds. Another problem point is disagreement between the results of radiocarbon dating and archaeological data which reveal the existence of clear parallels between archaeological characteristics of the Bidzhin-type mounds of the Tagar culture identified in the MinusinskBasin with those of the burial complexes of the Aldy-Bel culture of Tuva. Obviously radiocarbon dates obtained for the elite complex of Arzhan-2 fully disagree with these observations leaving cultural parallels unexplainable.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124613544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ornaments of Tripolye–Cucuteni ceramics: some observations on the composition and the sequence of its performing 三聚-库库特尼陶瓷的装饰:对其组成和制作顺序的一些观察

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2020-1-76-92

I. Palaguta

引用次数: 2

The Maikop kurgan (Oshad): A modern view Maikop kurgan (Oshad):一个现代的观点

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2020-1-61-75

Yu. A. Piotrovsky

引用次数: 2