Physiology & Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Strain-specific behavioral, neuromolecular, and gut microbiota responses to aging and stress in rats with contrast nervous system excitability","authors":"Anastasia Vylegzhanina ,&nbsp;Irina Shalaginova ,&nbsp;Dmitry Katserov ,&nbsp;Alexandra Semenova ,&nbsp;Sofia Luzikova ,&nbsp;Sofia Alekseeva ,&nbsp;Diana Trach ,&nbsp;Svetlana Novikova ,&nbsp;Natalia Dyuzhikova","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging and stress are major risk factors for impaired neural plasticity and maladaptive behavior, and their interaction is shaped by genetic predispositions. We examined how aging and prior stress affect behavior, molecular markers of apoptosis and neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and the gut microbiota in rat strains selectively bred for contrasting nervous system excitability: high-threshold (HT, low-excitability) and low-threshold (LT, high-excitability). Adult (5-month-old) and middle-aged (14-month-old) males were studied with or without chronic emotional–pain stress in adulthood.</div><div>Aging induced strain-specific behavioral and molecular profiles: in HT rats, reduced locomotion and increased freezing in the open field were accompanied by a lower amygdalar Bcl2/Bax ratio and higher Map2 expression, whereas LT rats presented fewer behavioral changes but increased Bax. Prior stress produced long-term, opposite effects: in HT rats it changed the gut microbiota composition, attenuated anxiety-like behavior and decreased amygdalar Bax, whereas in LT rats it increased anxiety with minor microbiota alterations.</div><div>Overall, aging and stress produced distinct, strain-dependent signatures across behavior, gene expression, and microbiota composition. HT rats exhibit plasticity and microbiota remodeling consistent with resilience, whereas LT rats show limited behavioral flexibility and microbiota stability, a pattern potentially modeling vulnerability to stress-related aging. The use of contrasting excitability rat strains underscores the importance of genetic background for understanding individual variability in resilience and vulnerability to aging and stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145597279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of prolonged different social (equality and inequality) conditions on spatial learning and memory deficits, as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder-like behaviors in male rats","authors":"Mohammad Mazaheri,&nbsp;Maryam Radahmadi,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Sharifi","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Observing others' suffering and being observed during stress may differentially influence behavioral patterns and brain functions such as learning, memory, and mood. This study investigated the effects of prolonged social equality and inequality on spatial learning and memory deficits, as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)–like behaviors in rats<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male rats were randomly divided into six groups: control (Co), pseudo-observer (Pse-Ob), pseudo-demonstrator (Pse-De), observer (Ob), demonstrator (De), and co-demonstrator (Co-De). All groups except the control underwent restraint stress induction (2 h/day for 21 days) using both social equality and inequality models. The social inequality model consisted of a restrained demonstrator and a free-moving observer, while the social equality model used two restrained co-demonstrators. Spatial learning and memory, as well as OCD-like behaviors, were assessed using the Barnes Maze (BM) and Marble Burying (MB) tests, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Escape latency and traveled distance were significantly increased in all stressed groups relative to the control group during both the training and probe trials in the BM test. In these trials, these variables were significantly reduced in the Ob and Co-De groups relative to the De group. The number of buried marbles was significantly higher in the De and Co-De groups than in the Co and Pse-De groups in the MB test. Furthermore, a significant increase was observed in the Co-De group relative to the Ob group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Social inequality-induced stress impairs spatial learning and memory, but this can be significantly mitigated by the presence of a familiar conspecific in a similar situation. Restraint stress in the presence of others was able to induce OCD-like behaviors under both equal and inequal conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota’s causal effect on physical activity: Insights from two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis","authors":"Deyu Meng ,&nbsp;Shichun He ,&nbsp;Meiqi Wei ,&nbsp;Zongnan Lv ,&nbsp;Guang Yang ,&nbsp;Ziheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction:</h3><div>Gut microbiota has been implicated in influencing various health-related behaviors, including physical activity. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and physical activity in individuals of European ancestry.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods:</h3><div>We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using genome-wide association data from the MiBioGen consortium and the UK Biobank. Numerous gut microbiome taxa were assessed for their causal effect on physical activity measures, including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, vigorous physical activity, accelerometer-based average acceleration, and higher acceleration levels. Sensitivity analyses evaluated heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and potential reverse causation.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>The analysis identified significant causal links between specific gut microbiome genera and physical activity levels. Key taxa were associated with physiological conditions conducive to exercise and behavior related to physical exertion. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings, with minimal evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy, and reverse causality was largely excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>Gut microbiota may play a causal role in influencing physical activity levels, offering potential for microbiome-targeted interventions to promote physical health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145654502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effects of a brief walk in nature versus indoors on affect and cognitive function","authors":"Karly Knudson ,&nbsp;C.J. Brush","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research has shown that a single bout of physical activity is associated with cognitive-affective benefits. However, most research has been conducted in controlled laboratory settings. Less is known whether these effects are similar across different environments. The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of a 15 min walk performed in nature versus indoors on affect and cognitive function. Twenty-eight participants (<em>n</em> = 16 female; aged 18–32) completed a 15 min nature walk and 15 min indoor walk in a randomized counterbalanced order on separate days as part of a within-subjects crossover design. Affect, assessed within the circumplex model (affective valence: pleasure—displeasure; perceived activation: high—low arousal), was measured before, during, and immediately after each walk. Following each walk, participants completed a three-stimulus go/no-go task with concurrent electroencephalographic recording to assess cognitive function. Ratings of perceived exertion were collected to determine the intensity of each walk. Results indicated that participants reported increased pleasure and perceived activation during and immediately following the nature compared to indoor walk. Behavioral performance (reaction time and accuracy) on the go/no-go task did not differ between conditions; however, P3 amplitude of the event-related potential (ERP) was significantly larger following the nature walk. Both walks were consistent with a very light intensity. These findings indicate that engaging in a brief walk in nature may result in added cognitive-affective benefits compared to walking indoors. Incorporation of natural settings may be an effective strategy to enhance the affective experience and cognitive aftereffects of a single bout of physical activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketamine attenuates the effects of intermittent social defeat on anxiety, social interaction and cocaine-induced conditioned place preference in male mice","authors":"M.A. Martínez-Caballero ,&nbsp;M.P. García-Pardo ,&nbsp;C. Calpe-López ,&nbsp;M.C Arenas ,&nbsp;C Manzanedo ,&nbsp;M.A. Aguilar","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mice exposed to intermittent social defeat (ISD) stress in late adolescence exhibit short-term anxiety- and depression-like behaviours and demonstrate greater sensitivity to the rewarding effects of cocaine in adulthood. Furthermore, the development of depression-like symptoms predicts subsequent enhanced vulnerability to cocaine reward. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ketamine, a non-competitive glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist with antidepressant properties, could prevent the short-term effects of ISD on anxiety- and depression-like behaviours and the long-term effects of ISD on the cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. Four groups of late adolescent C57BL/6 male mice were used. One non-stressed group (control) and three ISD-exposed groups treated with ketamine (0, 10 or 30 mg/kg). After the last defeat episode, the mice were tested in the elevated plus maze, social interaction, splash and tail suspension tests. Three weeks later, the mice were conditioned with cocaine (1 mg/kg). Stressed mice showed anxiety, displayed a deficit in social interaction, spent less time immobile in the tail suspension test and developed a cocaine place preference. Ketamine attenuated ISD-induced anxiety, social avoidance and cocaine reward potentiation. These results support the usefulness of ketamine in preventing some effects of social stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145637819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An energy-efficient cognitive strategy? Neurophysiological dynamics of “slow but steady” attention in high-altitude Tibetans","authors":"Xiao-Yan Huang ,&nbsp;Nian-Nian Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Zhou ,&nbsp;Rui Su ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Hai-Lin Ma ,&nbsp;Ming Liu ,&nbsp;De-Long Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indigenous Tibetans have developed documented physiological and neuroanatomical adaptations to high-altitude environments. However, the functional dynamics of their cognitive processing at such altitudes remain poorly characterized. To address this gap, we employed a visual search paradigm with high-temporal-resolution electroencephalography (EEG) to examine stimulus-driven attention (SDA) and goal-directed attention (GDA) in high-altitude Tibetans, with sea-level Han participants as a comparison group. Tibetans exhibited a “slow but steady” attentional pattern: despite longer reaction times (RTs), accuracy remained high (&gt;95 %) and was comparable to that of Han controls in both attention types. This behavioral pattern in the Tibetan group was accompanied by distinctive late‑stage neural dynamics, reflected by smaller late positive potential (LPP) and late posterior negativity (LPN) and by lower theta‑band (4 - 10 Hz) event-related synchronization (ERS) during SDA, as well as smaller LPP during GDA. Source localization of the effects observed in these event-related potential (ERP) components and theta‑band ERS indicated predominant involvement of posterior midline and control-related regions in Han participants, whereas Tibetans showed greater engagement of motor‑related regions. These findings likely reflect an energy-efficient cognitive strategy for high-altitude adaptation. This study refines understanding of cognitive plasticity in extreme environments and provides electrophysiological foundations to inform interventions for high-altitude populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145752099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of circadian rhythm and cortisol levels on health nutrition attitudes, emotional eating, and anthropometric measurements in university students","authors":"Gamze Demirel ,&nbsp;Zeynep BAL Ayyildiz ,&nbsp;Zeynep Burcu Kahraman ,&nbsp;Selma İnfal Kesim","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circadian rhythm, eating attitudes, and stress responses are important determinants of well-being among university students. This study hypothesized that circadian rhythm characteristics would be associated with emotional eating, healthy nutrition attitudes, and salivary cortisol levels. Therefore, this cross-sectional study investigated the associations between chronotype, sleep patterns, eating behaviors, and cortisol concentrations among 213 university students (131 nursing; 82 nutrition and dietetics). Data were collected using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, the Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ-TR), and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN). Anthropometric measurements were obtained, and salivary cortisol concentrations were analyzed using ELISA. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and one-way ANOVA tests. The mean salivary cortisol concentration among students was 69.713 ± 3.408 ng/mL. Students reporting lower stress levels exhibited lower cortisol concentrations (<em>p</em> = 0.025), while cortisol did not differ significantly by gender, department, chronotype, BMI, or exercise status (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Emotional eating scores were significantly higher among students with intermediate chronotypes and those with irregular or occasionally regular sleep patterns (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas nutrition and dietetics students demonstrated more positive healthy nutrition attitudes than nursing students (75.52 ± 10.80 vs. 70.65± 10.08; <em>p</em> = 0.001). These findings reflect associations rather than causal relationships<u>,</u> and they highlight the relevance of circadian rhythm characteristics and perceived stress in understanding emotional eating tendencies and health-related attitudes among university students. Promoting sleep regularity, stress management, and nutrition education may support healthier behavioral patterns in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145775417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal dysmotility and impaired gut peptide-satiety coupling in men with spinal cord injury","authors":"Gary J. Farkas ,&nbsp;Paige M. Cunningham ,&nbsp;Arthur S. Berg ,&nbsp;George Jimsheleishvili ,&nbsp;Armando J. Mendez ,&nbsp;David R. Gater Jr. ,&nbsp;Mark S. Nash ,&nbsp;Barbara J. Rolls","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overeating associated with neurogenic obesity in chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) may reflect disruptions in gastrointestinal transit, satiety hormone responses, and appetite regulation. In this pilot study, 16 men with SCI (50 % tetraplegia) and 16 controls without SCI consumed standardized meals (195 g and 390 g) during 2 different laboratory visits. Gastrointestinal (GI) motility was measured using the SmartPill Wireless Motility Capsule during the first visit, while postprandial levels of GI peptides, glucose, insulin, and triglycerides were assessed during the second. Ratings of hunger and satiety were collected pre- and post-prandially in both visits. SCI participants exhibited GI dysmotility and exaggerated glycemic and lipemic excursions (all, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) consistent with delayed GI transit. Associations between GI peptides and ratings of hunger and satiety were weaker in SCI, including attenuated ghrelin-hunger and GLP-1-fullness coupling (p &lt; 0.05). Instead, fullness was more strongly associated with glucose in SCI (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), indicating a potential shift toward glycemic cues in appetite regulation. The association between insulin and GLP-1 was stronger in SCI, consistent with a possible compensatory incretin signaling in response to impaired metabolic regulation. Together, these findings suggest disrupted gut-brain and metabolic signaling in SCI may impair appetite regulation, highlighting the need to further investigate gut-brain communication in relation to food intake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145775372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining neurophysiological responses to physical and moral disgust elicitors–A systematic literature review","authors":"Oliver Hawkins,&nbsp;Antonia Ypsilanti,&nbsp;Petra Examilioti","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disgust is a common basic emotion with evolutionary roots in helping to avoid contaminants and illness. Moral disgust, however, is often reported in response to witnessing a moral violation or social boundary being crossed. Previous research has sought to understand if moral disgust is its own emotional state which derives from the more basic physical disgust, or if it is a blend of different emotions. To elucidate this relationship further, this review sought to systematically evaluate the methods in which research which has measured either physical disgust or moral disgust responses and identify common and separate physiological and neurological markers of these emotions. The review highlights that whilst there are common markers shared between physical and moral disgust, that this commonality depends instead on the type of moral violation or physical disgust elicitor. It is suggested that physical core disgust, and bodily moral or purity disgust are closely related, whereas physical animal-reminder disgust and socio-moral violations might elicit responses similar to anger or fear. The review recommends important considerations for future investigation of moral emotions, and highlights how stringent control of disgust elicitors is necessary to accurately measure the physiological and neurological markers of different types of disgust. Furthermore, the review highlights how other important considerations such as intention behind a violation and differences in perceived severity of different types of violation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 115172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145513583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral standardization and validation of a new model of cancer-induced depression in sarcoma-bearing mice","authors":"Rayran Walter Ramos de Sousa ,&nbsp;Ingredy Lopes dos Santos ,&nbsp;Débora Caroline do Nascimento Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Maria Luísa Lima Barreto do Nascimento ,&nbsp;Micaely Lorrana Pereira Conceição ,&nbsp;Milena Monteiro de Freitas ,&nbsp;Gabriel da Silva Fernandes ,&nbsp;Rita de Cássia de Lima Sousa ,&nbsp;Railson Pereira Souza ,&nbsp;Irislene Costa Pereira ,&nbsp;Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal ,&nbsp;Luciano da Silva Lopes ,&nbsp;Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer has been correlated with psychiatrical disorders, and incidence of depression is about 3-fold higher in oncological patients. However, there is no validated animal models currently describing sarcoma-associated depression. Herein, we evaluated a preclinical way for estimating behavioral depression-like parameters in Sarcoma-180180180-transplanted mice and investigated the therapeutic efficacy of current clinical antidepressants. Firstly, S-180-bearing Swiss were evaluated using behavioral tests between days 10–11 after S-180 transplantation: open field (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), light–dark box (LDB), tail suspension (TST), forced swim (FST), and sucrose preference (SPT). Next, studies investigated effects of amitriptyline (AMI, oral), fluoxetine (FLU, oral), or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, i.p.) at 10 or 20 mg/kg/day (alone or in combination) on behavior and oxidative/nitrosative profile of subacute-treated mice. No significant differences (<em>p</em>&gt; 0.05) were observed about locomotor and exploratory activity (OFT, EPM, LDB). Meanwhile, S-180-bearing mice showed increase of immobility time (TST) and reduced sucrose preference in comparison with healthy animals (<em>p</em>&lt; 0.05), typical features of depressive phenotype without alterations in anxiety-related parameters. These findings were associated with oxidative stress (malondialdehyde increasing) and antioxidant markers (superoxide dismutase decreasing/increasing) in the prefrontal cortex and/or hippocampus (<em>p</em>&lt; 0.05). Such biochemical changes and depressive phenotype were partly attenuated by amitriptyline and fluoxetine 10 or 20 mg/kg/day for 10 days, but co-treatment with 5-FU did not show additional improvements. This physiopathological study represent a promising discovery highlighting the potential of non-clinical protocols to understand mesenchymal tumor-related depression and to develop new pharmacological tools against the multivariate spectrum of cancer-related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 115153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}