Plant Pathology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of Rhizosphere Streptomyces hachijoensis JCK-6068 as a Multifunctional Agent for the Control of Soil-Borne Fungal and Oomycete Diseases.","authors":"Feng Luo, Hanna Gwak, Ae Ran Park, Sy Bien Vuong, Jin-Cheol Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.12.2025.0187","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.12.2025.0187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil-borne fungal and oomycete pathogens endanger global crop production, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives to chemical fungicides. In this study, an antagonistic actinomycete isolated from agricultural soil was identified as Streptomyces hachijoensis JCK-6068 through 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. S. hachijoensis JCK-6068 exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal and antioomycete activity in dual-culture and minimum inhibitory concentration assays. Biochemical characterization revealed the production of multiple hydrolytic enzymes, including cellulase, chitinase, protease, and gelatinase, along with the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid. Volatile organic compounds produced by JCK-6068 strongly inhibited pathogen growth in vitro, and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry identified 2-methyl-2-bornene as the predominant component. In vivo assays demonstrated that curative application of the 10-fold diluted fermentation broth provided effective control of creeping bentgrass dollar spot (74.31%), pepper Phytophthora blight (68.88%), cucumber Fusarium wilt (61.11%), and cucumber damping-off (88.89%). Preventive treatment with 1000-fold dilution of fermentation broth is as effective as chemical fungicides in controlling cucumber damping-off and Fusarium wilt. Furthermore, treatment of PR1::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings with JCK-6068-derived materials induced strong PR1 expression, indicating elicitor activity consistent with salicylic acid-responsive defenses signaling. To facilitate practical application, a wettable powder formulation derived from the n-butanol extract of JCK-6068 was evaluated under greenhouse conditions, achieving 91.67% control of cucumber Fusarium wilt at a 500-fold dilution and 77.78% control of cucumber damping-off at a 250-fold dilution, comparable to commercial chemical fungicides. Collectively, these findings highlight the multifaceted biocontrol potential of S. hachijoensis JCK-6068 as a sustainable biocontrol agent for soil-borne fungal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"146-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147309046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rfbA Gene as a High-Resolution Marker for Pathovar-Level Classification of Xanthomonas citri and Pseudomonas syringae.","authors":"Seung Yeup Lee, Suin Yang, Minju Yun, Eunjung Roh","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.10.2025.0141","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.10.2025.0141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial identification and classification are commonly performed based on the sequence of the 16S rRNA and several gold-standard marker genes, such as gyrB and recA. However, certain bacterial genera, including Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas, present challenges in clear classification at the species or subspecies level using these single-marker genes. Here, we explored the potential of the rfbA gene as a novel marker for bacterial classification. The rfbA gene, involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis, is a conserved gene present in most gram-negative bacteria and is sufficiently short (approximately 850 bp). In this study, we identified that rfbA has undergone host-specific adaptive evolution, distinguishing it from conserved housekeeping genes. Therefore, we targeted Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas species to demonstrate the utility of rfbA in resolving taxonomic challenges at the pathovar level. These differences were strongly associated with the hosts of the respective strains, suggesting a potential evolutionary link between rfbA variation and host specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"222-227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic Diversity, Pathogenicity and Host Range of Verticillium longisporum and V. dahliae Associated with Verticillium Wilt of Chinese Cabbage in Korea.","authors":"Nazila Saadati, Jeomsoon Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.10.2025.0139","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.10.2025.0139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae and V. longisporum, has emerged as a serious threat to Chinese cabbage production in Korea. To clarify the population structure, pathogenicity, and host range of these pathogens, we collected 60 isolates from major Chinese cabbage-growing regions and conducted multilocus phylogenetic analyses based on five nuclear genes. Pathogenicity assays were carried out on Chinese cabbage, and host range assays were conducted on diverse crops. The results showed that V. longisporum lineage A1/D1, the predominant lineage in Europe and North America, dominated across all surveyed regions, while a single A1/D3 lineage isolate was detected for the first time in Korea. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that V. longisporum was generally more aggressive on Chinese cabbage than V. dahliae, with the A1/D3 isolate displaying the highest virulence among all isolates tested. Host range assays revealed that V. longisporum was restricted to cruciferous crops, whereas V. dahliae infected crucifers as well as solanaceous and several other crops, indicating broader epidemiological risks. Non-host crops such as barley, buckwheat, carrot, maize, and sudangrass were not infected by either species, suggesting their potential use in crop rotation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that V. longisporum, particularly lineage A1/D1, is the major causal agent of Verticillium wilt epidemics in Korean Chinese cabbage production. The detection of aggressive A1/D3 lineage and genetically diverse V. dahliae populations underscores additional long-term risks that necessitate continuous monitoring, resistance breeding, and integrated disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"166-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Pathogenicity and Secreted in Xylem Gene Patterns in Fusarium spp. Causing Onion Basal Rot.","authors":"Sieun Kim, Ha-Kyoung Lee, Da-Ran Kim, You-Kyoung Han","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.08.2025.0115","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.08.2025.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fusarium basal rot (FBR) poses a serious threat to onion (Allium cepa L.) production worldwide. In South Korea, FBR is primarily associated with Fusarium oxysporum, F. commune, and F. proliferatum. To investigate the relationship between effector gene profiles and virulence, we screened 34 isolates collected from FBR-affected fields for 14 Secreted in Xylem (SIX) genes and three additional effector candidates (CRX1, CRX2, and C5). F. oxysporum isolates carrying the effector suite SIX3, SIX5, SIX7, SIX9, SIX10, SIX12, SIX14, together with CRX1, CRX2 and C5, exhibited significantly higher aggressiveness on onion seedlings and bulbs than effector-negative strains. Among F. commune isolates lacking SIX genes, those carrying both CRX1 and CRX2 tended to show greater pathogenicity than CRX-negative strains. Nevertheless, SIX-negative strains still caused substantial seedling loss and bulb-rot, indicating the involvement of SIX-independent virulence factors. All F. proliferatum isolates were comparably pathogenic to SIX-negative F. oxysporum and F. commune strains, and uniformly carried SIX2-1 and CRX2, with a subset also harboring the SIX2-2 homologue. Across all isolates, SIX9 was the most frequently detected SIX gene and was markedly enriched in strains exhibiting strong pathogenicity. We developed and validated a SIX9-targeted quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay that specifically detects SIX9-positive Fusarium isolates (mainly F. oxysporum and F. commune), with detection limits of 1 pg of DNA or 10⁴ conidia/g soil. These findings enhance our understanding of effector repertoires contributing to Fusarium pathogenicity on onion and provide a molecular tool to support FBR diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"178-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic Insights into the Antibacterial Mechanism of Brevibacillus brevis HK544 Producing Edeine B1 against Erwinia amylovora.","authors":"Yeong Seok Kim, Haerim Rhyu, Bomin Kim, Minh Van Nguyen, Jae Woo Han, Gyung Ja Choi, Hokyoung Son, Sang-Wook Han, Hun Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.12.2025.0185","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.12.2025.0185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, we reported that Brevibacillus brevis HK544, which produces edeine B1 (EB1), exhibits promising antimicrobial activity against plant pathogens. To elucidate its antibacterial mechanisms against Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight, we conducted label-free shotgun proteomic analysis of E. amylovora TS3128 treated with B. brevis culture filtrate (CF) or purified EB1. Comparative analysis showed significant (over twofold) changes in 45 of 624 and 81 of 846 quantified proteins following CF and EB1 treatments, respectively. Functional categorization revealed altered abundances of proteins associated with energy production, ribosome biogenesis, and cell wall/membrane/ envelope biogenesis in both treatments. Notably, 42 and 75 translation-related proteins were differentially expressed in CF- and EB1-treated samples, respectively, consistent with the proposed translation-inhibitory activity of EB1. These findings provide insights into the cellular targets and antibacterial mode of action of B. brevis HK544 and EB1, supporting their potential as biocontrol agents against fire blight.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"215-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147309036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of Phytohormone Responses of Rubber Leaves after Pestalotiopsis microspora Infection Revealed with Transcriptome Analysis.","authors":"Afdholiatus Syafaah, Fetrina Oktavia, Masaharu Kawauchi, Yuko Makita, Minami Matsui, Stephany Angelia Tumewu, Masafumi Shimizu, Kazuki Sugekawa, Yoshiharu Y Yamamoto","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.FT.12.2025.0175","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.FT.12.2025.0175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The circular leaf disease, caused by Pestalotiopsis spp., is a new primary foliar disease characterized by yellow-brown lesions that develop into dark-brown lesions on rubber leaves. This disease, named leaf fall disease, has recently led to significant economic losses in countries that produce natural rubber. However, molecular mechanisms that are involved in the interaction between P. microspora and rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) remain unclear. In this study, we conducted transcriptome analysis using RNA-seq of a susceptible rubber clone (GT1) after an inoculation with the mycelial plug of P. microspora. Among 84,443 rubber genes, the analysis revealed 3,799, 7,274, and 4,678 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 2, 4, and 6 days post-infection (dpi), respectively. Our Gene Ontology analysis of the DEGs detected the GO terms of the general hypersensitive response and systemic acquired resistance, which is known to be mediated by salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide. We also detected the GO terms related to abscisic acid and ethylene responses. In addition, the detection of these two phytohormone transcriptional responses suggests the possible involvement of abscisic acid and/or ethylene in the process that led to the leaf fall symptom in susceptible rubber. Further, our promoter analysis to extract putative promoter elements responsive to the pathogen supported ethylene signaling activation by the pathogen infection. In addition, we extracted general Regulatory Element Groups that are position-dependent cis-regulatory elements, and established molecular markers for quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Our study provides genomic information and convenient tools for facilitating further exploration of Hevea-Pestalotiopsis interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"191-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rapid Genomic DNA Extraction Method for Direct Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based On-Site Detection of Soil-Borne Fungal Disease.","authors":"Gudam Kwon, Dain Hong, Sen Lian, Jisuk Yu, Kook-Hyung Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.10.2025.0163","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.10.2025.0163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi cause root rot, wilt, and damping-off in crops, leading to major yield losses worldwide. Because symptoms appear only after underground infection progresses, early detection is crucial. Here, a rapid 20-min genomic DNA extraction method was developed for eight pathogens-Alternaria tenuissima, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Fusarium oxysporum, Glomerella cingulata, Phytophthora cactorum, Rosellinia necatrix, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The protocol uses a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-based buffer, steel and glass beads, brief heating (95°C, 1 min), vortexing, and sequential purification with Q-Sepharose and magnetic beads. All pathogens were detected within 30 quantitative polymerase chain reaction cycles, while soil-only controls exceeded 30 Cq. Sclerotial DNA of S. rolfsii (Cq ≈ 25) was also detected, confirming applicability for overwintering inocula. This simple and low-cost protocol enables rapid, reliable detection of multiple soil-borne fungi directly from soil, providing a practical tool for on-site disease diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"114-119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12883920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A TaqMan Real-Time PCR Assay for Early and Accurate Detection of Hypomontagnella monticulosa, an Emerging Pathogen Causing White Leaf Spot on Pachira glabra Pasq.","authors":"Huan Xie, Jiaqi Gu, Xixu Peng, Xiaoyan Huang, Limei Liao, Yanyu Zhou, Haihua Wang","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.01.2025.0014","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.01.2025.0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypomontagnella monticulosa is an emerging pathogen of Pachira glabra Pasq. causing white leaf spot, a damaging fungal disease of P. glabra in southern China. The early and proper detection and qualification is of fundamental for understanding epidemiology and developing preventive measures of this fungus. Using the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II gene as target, a quantitative TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was developed for the detection and quantification of H. monticulosa in P. glabra leaves. This method could specifically recognize all tested H. monticulosa strains, while no cross-reaction was observed in closely related Hypoxylon species. Sensitivity of the assays was determined to be as low as 0.05 fg/μL (2, 300 copies/μL) of plasmid DNA, 0.5 pg/μL of mycelia genomic DNA, and 0.001% of target DNA mixed with leaf tissue DNA. The two-stage induction of H. monticulosa DNA was observed during the infection process, suggesting that this assay could be used to monitor the growth dynamics of this fungus in the whole disease process. Additionally, the assay could not only effectively detected H. monticulosa in naturally infected P. glabra trees in fields, but also accurately evaluate the differences in resistance among varieties of P. glabra. Therefore, the current study provides a rapid and accurate technology for monitoring and qualification of H. monticulosa infection in P. glabra, and will be applicable for prediction and control of the disease but also for the study of plant-H. monticulosa interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Sequencing as a High-Throughput Tool for Monitoring QoI Fungicide Resistance in Colletotrichum scovillei Causing Pepper Anthracnose.","authors":"Dalha Abdulkadir Isa, Sohyeon An, Heung Tae Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2025.0132","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2025.0132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum scovillei is a major constraint on red pepper (Capsicum annuum) production in South Korea. Intensive use of quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides has led to widespread resistance, mainly associated with the G143A mutation in the cytochrome b gene. Rapid and reliable resistance monitoring is required to support sustainable disease management. This study evaluated quantitative sequencing (QS) as a molecular tool for detecting and quantifying QoI resistance allele frequencies. Genomic DNA and spore suspensions of pyraclostrobin-sensitive and -resistant isolates were mixed at known ratios to generate pseudo-populations. QS accurately reflected the expected G143A allele frequencies, showing nearly perfect linear correlations (R² > 0.99) for both genomic DNA and spore pools. The applicability of QS was further confirmed using artificially inoculated pepper fruits, where allele frequencies determined from lesion-derived DNA were consistent with inoculum ratios. Field surveys conducted from 2020 to 2023 revealed that the frequency of pyraclostrobin-resistant isolates increased from 72.0% to 91.6%. Resistance frequencies obtained by QS were strongly correlated with those determined by the conventional mass agar dilution method (R² = 0.82-0.97), validating QS as a high-throughput monitoring tool. These results demonstrate that QS provides a robust, sensitive, and scalable approach for monitoring fungicide resistance in C. scovillei populations and can be implemented to guide fungicide use strategies and delay further resistance development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control Strategies of Plant Viruses Using Spray-Induced Gene Silencing.","authors":"Seung-Kook Choi, Eseul Baek, Ho-Jong Ju, Francisco Tenllado, Ju-Yeon Yoon","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.RW.10.2025.0148","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.RW.10.2025.0148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant viruses severely limit global crop productivity, yet no pesticide-like antiviral agents are currently available for effective control. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) technologies, acting through RNA interference, provide a sequence-specific and non-transgenic strategy to suppress viral replication and have emerged as promising non-transgenic solutions for crop protection. Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS), which applies externally produced dsRNA through foliar sprays, seed treatments, or root uptake, provides practical advantages over genetic modification, including rapid deployment, environmental compatibility, and target specificity. Recent advances in industry-scale dsRNA production and nanomaterial-based formulations have improved dsRNA stability, uptake, and persistence in planta, supporting the feasibility of field application. However, major challenges persist, such as rapid environmental degradation, restricted systemic mobility, high production costs, and unresolved biosafety and regulatory issues. Overcoming these challenges will require innovations in cost-effective and scalable in vitro RNA production, protective formulations, and precision delivery technologies, alongside comprehensive ecological risk assessments. Finally, this review emphasizes current technological advances of SIGS, integrating with nanotechnology and other reliable field application methodologies. Taken together, these advances position dsRNA-based technologies as a realistic and transformative platform for next-generation, sustainable plant virus management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12884052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}