Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Essence Human Acellular Dermal Matrix Compared With Other Products in Prepectoral Direct-to-implant Reconstruction.","authors":"Alexandra Boric, Ravi Dhawan, Nicole Semaan, Orr Shauly, Gabriela García Nores, Albert Losken","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008065","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) are widely used in implant-based breast reconstruction, with outcomes potentially varying across human-derived products. With the availability of newer ADMs, this study compares outcomes among different ADMs used in direct-to-implant (DTI) reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively reviewed patients undergoing immediate prepectoral DTI at a single institution (February 2020-September 2025). We compared early postoperative outcomes (within 90 d) among 3 human ADM products (Essence, AlloDerm, and Cortiva). Analyses were performed per patient. Cohorts were compared using univariate tests; multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, radiation exposure, chemotherapy exposure, mastectomy type, and total resection weight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 487 patients were included (Essence, n = 68; AlloDerm, n = 201; Cortiva, n = 218), with similar mean age across groups (~52-54 y). Mean implant size differed across cohorts (<i>P</i> = 0.044), with no significant adjusted pairwise differences. The Essence cohort had higher body mass index, more prior radiation and chemotherapy exposure, higher rates of smoking, and greater total resection weight than the other cohorts (all <i>P</i> ≤ 0.02). Overall noninfectious complication rates (13.2%, 13.9%, and 17.4%) and infection rates (11.8%, 11.0%, and 13.3%) were similar across Essence, AlloDerm, and Cortiva groups, respectively. Seroma, mastectomy skin necrosis, drain duration, and reconstructive failure did not differ significantly. On adjusted analysis, there were no significant differences among the cohorts for any modeled postoperative outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Essence ADM demonstrates comparable safety and outcomes compared with other human ADMs for immediate prepectoral DTI reconstruction despite its use in higher risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8065"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making Patient-reported Outcome Measures Patient-friendly: Applying \"Patient-reported Outcomes Tools: Engaging Users and Stakeholders\" Guidelines to a Graphical \"Report Card\" for Cleft Outcomes.","authors":"Elaine Lin, Marina Sawires, Katie Brown, Angel Scialdone, Tara Pillai, Victoria Yi, Meredith Cox, Kamlesh Patel, Christopher Runyan, Alexander C Allori","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008110","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as the CLEFT-Q, provide valuable insights into the psychosocial and functional well-being of patients with cleft lip and/or palate. Ideally, PROM data should not only inform clinicians and researchers but should also be shared back with patients and families; however, no guidelines exist for formatting CLEFT-Q data for patient review. This study evaluated different methods of displaying CLEFT-Q data to identify visual formats best suited for patient and clinician use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients and families participated in a modified Delphi process to assess data presentation formats developed according to the Patient-reported Outcomes Tools: Engaging Users and Stakeholders (PROTEUS) Consortium guidelines. Participants completed interpretation tasks, rated clarity and usefulness, and provided qualitative feedback. Using iterative Delphi rounds, the visualization style, color use, and semantic markups were refined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tables and complex graphics (eg, polar charts, histograms, ridgeplots) were considered overly complex. Bar charts were well-understood, but participants preferred a simplified \"horizontal number line\" showing score ranges, individual scores, and comparators (eg, average scores of similar patients). \"Traffic light\" color motifs were rejected because they connoted \"good\" versus \"bad,\" whereas gray backgrounds were preferred for maintaining objectivity and clarity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data visualization must balance information density with clarity and understandability. Statistical graphics that are preferred by clinicians and researchers were shown to be too confusing, whereas an infographic \"number line\" was preferred by patients and families. Our findings for CLEFT-Q and FACE-Q may be applicable to other PROMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Objective Grading of Reconstructed Breast Aesthetics: Three-dimensional Geometric and Color Features Associated with Interrater Variance.","authors":"Nam Phong Duong, Takumi Sonoi, Yoshihiro Sowa, Yasue Kurokawa, Shino Higai, Yuhei Morita, Akinori Iwakami, Akiko Watanabe, Masayuki Fukuzawa","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008085","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interrater variance in subjective grading of reconstructed breast aesthetics limits the assessment reliability and reduces the quality of training datasets for machine learning models designed for objective, image-based grading. This study aims to identify the 3-dimensional (3D) features associated with such variability across 8 aesthetic viewpoints commonly used in Japan by analyzing case pairs in which expert scoring and pairwise comparisons show disagreement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two-dimensional (2D) and 3D images of the reconstructed breasts were obtained from 174 patients. Aesthetic outcomes were independently scored by expert raters using 2D images, and pairwise comparisons were conducted for 154 selected pairs. Several 3D geometric and color features were extracted from the 3D images; their correlation with expert scores was examined; and <i>t</i> tests were performed on the averaged feature values between the agreement and disagreement pairs under Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Disagreement pairs were found irrespective of expert score differences. However, these pairs showed larger differences in the coefficient of variation between the winner and loser cases. For all the viewpoints, several 3D features revealed significant differences in their average values between agreement and disagreement pairs. These disagreement-specific features varied in both type and number across viewpoints and were different from the score-correlated features.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Viewpoint-specific 3D features associated with interrater variance were identified. This highlights a potential limitation of training machine learning models solely on expert scoring and suggests that integrating these 3D features may help inform future model design.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8085"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microvascular Flaps From the Ear in Nasal Reconstruction: Aesthetic and Patient-reported Outcomes.","authors":"Emma Romanowski, Monica Zena, Andrew Lindford, Patrik Lassus, Pauliina Homsy","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008102","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates the aesthetic results and patient-reported outcomes following the use of microvascular flaps from the ear in nasal reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent nasal reconstruction with a microvascular ear flap between 2011 and 2021. Eleven plastic surgeons evaluated postoperative photographs using the validated observer-rated disfigurement scale and 5-point scales assessing the shape and color of the nose and donor ear appearance. Patient satisfaction with the reconstructed nose was assessed with the FACE-Q rhinoplasty module and satisfaction with the donor ear with 6-point scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight patients with microsurgical ear flaps were identified. One nasal subunit was reconstructed in 16 patients and the total nose in 3. Photographs were available for 25 patients. The shape and color of the reconstructed nose, and the shape of the ear, were assessed as good by the surgeons (median scores 2 IQR 2-3]; 2 [IQR 1-2], and 2 [IQR 1-3], respectively), whereas facial disfigurement was assessed as moderate (median score 3 [IQR 3-4]). Fifteen patients completed the questionnaire, reporting high levels of satisfaction with the appearance of the nose (median score 60; IQR 54-65) and nostrils (median score 64; IQR 42-81), and acceptable symmetry of the ears (median score 2; IQR 1-3).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Microvascular flaps from the ear are a good alternative for complex nasal reconstruction, often yielding aesthetically favorable results.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative Transfusion in Massive Weight Loss Body Contouring Surgery: A Single-center Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Maria Albuquerque, Bernardo Cavadas, Miguel Veríssimo, Luís Vieira, Luís Mata Ribeiro, Joaquim Bexiga","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008087","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients undergoing body contouring after massive weight loss (MWL) are at an increased risk for anemia and perioperative complications. However, data regarding transfusion patterns and procedure-related transfusion burden in this population remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 224 MWL patients who underwent 385 procedures at a single tertiary referral center from January 2021 to December 2022. Demographic, hematologic, and surgical variables were analyzed. Procedures were categorized as lower body lift (LBL), other multiple combined procedures, or single procedures. The primary outcome was postoperative transfusion, defined by hemoglobin less than 7.5 g/dL with symptoms or persistent decline. Exploratory multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate associations between procedure type and postoperative transfusion while accounting for the limited number of events. This study adheres to STROBE reporting guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen patients (6.3%) required transfusion. Most transfusions occurred in patients undergoing LBL procedures (9 of 14). In exploratory multivariable analysis, LBL remained associated with transfusion (odds ratio: 3.69; 95% confidence interval: 1.19-11.43; <i>P</i> = 0.024). No statistically significant associations were observed with operative time, number of procedures, or comorbidities, although the limited number of events restricted interpretation of secondary variables. Transfused patients had significantly longer hospital stays.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postoperative transfusion in MWL body contouring was uncommon in this optimized single-center cohort but occurred predominantly in patients undergoing LBL procedures. These findings describe procedural patterns associated with transfusion burden in extensive circumferential procedures and may contribute to perioperative awareness and planning in MWL body contouring surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot Study: Efficacy of Ultrasound in Median Nerve Fascicular Lesions Around the Elbow in Spontaneous Anterior Interosseous Neuropathy.","authors":"Ailin Liu, Lin Chen, Feng Peng, Hong Ding, Weimin Chen","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008099","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates the diagnostic efficacy of high-resolution ultrasound (US) in identifying focal swelling and focal narrowing of the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) fascicles within the median nerve around the elbow in spontaneous anterior interosseous neuropathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective STROBE (Strengthing the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology)-compliant study evaluated 33 patients with spontaneous anterior interosseous neuropathy who underwent preoperative high-resolution US and surgery. Two radiologists jointly assessed the lesions, with intraoperative findings as the reference standard for calculating US diagnostic metrics. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were analyzed for interrater reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surgery confirmed 4 focal swellings and 56 focal narrowings of the AIN fascicles within the median nerve around the elbow. Preoperative US correctly identified all swellings and 45 narrowings, yielding a sensitivity and overall accuracy of 81.7%, and a positive predictive value of 100%. Specificity and negative predictive value were not calculable due to zero false positives. The interrater reliability was good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.856). US also detected denervated muscle changes (n = 5), concomitant median nerve trunk compression (n = 2), and concomitant posterior interosseous nerve narrowing (n = 2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High-resolution US is a sensitive, reliable, and noninvasive modality for identifying focal swelling and focal narrowing of the AIN fascicles within the median nerve around the elbow in spontaneous anterior interosseous neuropathy. Its precision in lesion localization supports its utility as a first-line imaging technique for clinical evaluation and surgical planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galactocele Rupture Causing Milk Contamination of a Prepectoral Implant Pocket: Diagnostic Pitfall and Implant Salvage.","authors":"Pattana Ongkasuwan","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008125","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Galactocele is a benign milk retention cyst that may develop during or after lactation. In patients with breast implants, ruptured galactoceles can cause peri-implant fluid collections that mimic implant rupture or infection, creating a diagnostic challenge. This report describes a 37-year-old Asian woman, G1P1, with bilateral prepectoral smooth-surface silicone breast implants who presented 2 months postpartum with progressive left breast swelling that was initially diagnosed as mastitis. After noticing a palpable mass, the patient performed vigorous self-massage and increased breast pumping in an attempt to relieve presumed milk stasis, which precipitated acute breast enlargement. Despite antibiotic therapy, symptoms worsened, and evaluation by a radiologist and a general surgeon resulted in a diagnosis of implant rupture with infection and abscess; galactocele rupture was not considered. Surgical exploration revealed an intact implant with milk contamination of the implant pocket due to galactocele rupture and duct-capsule communication. No mature capsule was identified; the pocket was lined with granulation tissue. Fluid analysis demonstrated elevated triglyceride levels consistent with milk content, whereas bacterial cultures remained negative. Management included closure of the ductal communication, sequential antiseptic irrigation, drain placement, and lactation suppression with cabergoline. The implant was successfully salvaged, and the patient remained asymptomatic at 3-month follow-up without capsular contracture. Galactocele rupture should be considered in the differential diagnosis of peri-implant fluid collections in postpartum patients with breast implants. Vigorous manipulation over a palpable mass should be avoided, and timely lactation suppression is critical for implant salvage regardless of closure integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Secondary Procedures and Complications Between Subpectoral and Prepectoral Direct-to-implant-based Breast Reconstruction: 5-year Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Samantha Muktar, Quratul Ain, Mae Lace Concepcion, Abeera Abbas, Marios Konstantinos Tasoulis, Gerald Gui","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008064","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Implant-based breast reconstruction (IBR) remains the most widely used method for breast reconstruction following mastectomy. There is significant variability in the choice between subpectoral and prepectoral approaches. This study compares the frequency of secondary procedures required to improve the aesthetic outcome between subpectoral and prepectoral IBR approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients undergoing single-stage subpectoral IBR between January 2014 and June 2017 or prepectoral IBR between November 2016 and December 2019 by a single surgeon at a tertiary breast unit. The primary outcome was the number of secondary procedures performed within 5 years to improve aesthetic outcomes. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 388 single-stage IBRs were analyzed (194 subpectoral and 194 prepectoral). Median age was 43.0 years in both groups, with similar body mass index (22.4 kg/m² [interquartile range 3.1] versus 22.0 kg/m² [interquartile range 3.5]; <i>P</i> = 0.795). The overall frequency of secondary procedures at 5 years was comparable (53.1% versus 53.6%; <i>P</i> = 0.650). Pocket revisions were significantly more common following subpectoral reconstruction (9.3% versus 2.6%; <i>P</i> = 0.005), whereas implant exchange rates were not significantly different (7.7% versus 3.1%; <i>P</i> = 0.216). Fat grafting rates were similar (32.5% versus 37.6%; <i>P</i> = 0.338). Overall complication rates did not differ significantly (20.1% versus 22.2%; <i>P</i> = 0.709), and implant loss was low at 5.2% in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At 5-year follow-up, prepectoral and subpectoral IBR were shown to have comparable rates of secondary aesthetic procedures and postoperative complications. These findings support prepectoral IBR as a safe and effective alternative to subpectoral reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8064"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Paradigms in Polyurethane-coated Breast Implant Surgery: A Bibliometric Analysis of 4 Decades of Clinical Practice.","authors":"Emanuele Mark Ghetti, Edoardo Caimi, Carmine Scarlato, Gianmaria Ceglia, Federico Giovagnoli, Stefano Vaccari, Riccardo Di Giuli, Barbara Catania, Valeriano Vinci","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008097","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polyurethane-coated breast implants were developed to reduce capsular contracture through enhanced implant-tissue interaction. After fluctuating clinical adoption driven by regulatory and safety concerns, renewed interest has emerged, particularly in immediate and prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction. However, the structure and thematic evolution of the literature have not been systematically quantified.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A bibliometric analysis of the Web of Science Core Collection was performed, including articles and reviews published up to January 2026. Studies on polyurethane-coated breast implants in aesthetic or reconstructive surgery were included. Bibliometric indicators were analyzed using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix to evaluate publication trends, citation patterns, and research networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 136 publications (1978-2026) were identified. Output remained limited until the mid-2000s, followed by rapid growth after 2017, with publication volume peaking in 2025. Italy, the United States, and Brazil accounted for more than 60% of publications, with research concentrated in a few centers and core journals. Keyword analyses showed a shift from capsular contracture and surface biology toward prepectoral and direct-to-implant reconstruction. Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma emerged as a key recent topic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The literature has undergone a marked thematic shift toward contemporary reconstructive strategies. Despite increasing output, evidence remains dominated by small retrospective studies with limited comparative data. Prospective multicenter studies are needed to clarify long-term safety, including breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma risk, and to define durable clinical and patient-reported outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8097"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural and Religious Beliefs and Acceptance of Facial Cosmetic Surgery in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Basem K Alhusani, Khalid A Fayi, Suha A Ageeli, Remaz A Alhassan, Muteb M Alharbi, Shayma A Albunasser, Aisha A Alameer, Taif Y Solan, Ali M Alkhathami, Eman M Alshammari","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008095","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000008095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines the acceptance of facial cosmetic surgery in Saudi Arabia and the influence of social, cultural, and religious factors on public attitudes. It aims to improve the understanding of these factors to support patient education and informed decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross‑sectional study was conducted using a validated, self‑administered electronic questionnaire distributed across all 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. Saudi adults aged 18 years or older who could read Arabic and consented to participate were included, whereas non‑Saudis, individuals younger than 18 years, and questionnaires with incomplete responses were excluded. A total of 1027 eligible participants completed the survey (with a completion rate of 55.7%). The questionnaire assessed demographics, history of facial cosmetic procedures, reasons for considering surgery, religious and cultural beliefs, and surgeon preferences. Associations were analyzed using χ² tests, with significance set at a <i>P</i> value of less than 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acceptance of facial cosmetic surgery showed significant associations with sex, income, and occupation (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Religious factors demonstrated strong relationships with acceptance, including perceived alignment with Islamic teachings and prior consultation with a religious scholar (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Surgeon gender preference was also significantly associated with acceptance, whereas cultural influence alone did not show comparable statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Acceptance of facial cosmetic surgery in Saudi Arabia is shaped primarily by religious beliefs, medical necessity, and demographic factors. Religious permissibility plays a more influential role than cultural norms. These findings highlight the importance of culturally sensitive, religion‑aware counseling to support informed decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"14 9","pages":"e8095"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}