Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open最新文献

{"title":"Thirteen-year-old Child Develops Squamous Cell Carcinoma Without Underlying Causes.","authors":"Ali Kuru, Omer Kokacya","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histologically, only 1%-2% of excised skin tumors are malignant. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is rare in children. Several cases have been reported in the literature. In most cases, there are underlying predispositions in children, such as xeroderma pigmentosum, albinism, and immunosuppression. Presently, the patient did not have any underlying medical conditions or a family history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6706"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12002368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Social Media to Understand Patient Perceptions of Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Reconstruction.","authors":"Caroline J Cushman, Andrew F Ibrahim, Lauren Dodson, Peyton Scott, Evan J Hernandez, Nicholas T Haddock, Brendan J MacKay","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is considered the gold standard for autologous breast reconstruction due to its muscle-preserving technique and favorable outcomes compared with the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. With rising interest in DIEP flaps, especially amid concerns over silicone implants and transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous-related complications, understanding patient perceptions through social media has become increasingly relevant.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 1000 social media posts from Facebook, Instagram, and X (formerly Twitter) was conducted to assess patient perspectives on DIEP flap reconstruction. Posts, collected between January 2015 and June 2024, were analyzed for demographics, reported outcomes, complications, and overall tone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most posts (94.0%) were made by women, predominantly White (74.0%), with 63.7% written postoperatively. Tone was largely neutral (49.9%), with Instagram showing higher positivity (50.0%) than Facebook or X. Reported complications appeared in 159 posts, with cosmetic issues and wound healing being the most common. Engagement metrics showed no significant difference in likes for complication-related posts on Facebook (<i>P</i> = 0.6381) or Instagram (<i>P</i> = 0.27). However, Instagram posts about complications received significantly more comments (<i>P</i> = 0.0124), whereas Facebook did not (<i>P</i> = 0.0969).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Social media offers a valuable lens into patient experiences with DIEP flap reconstruction. The majority of posts reflected neutral-to-positive sentiment, though cosmetic concerns and complications were frequently discussed. These findings can help clinicians better understand patient concerns, improve preoperative education, and enhance recovery support.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12002375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability Insurance for the Plastic Surgeon: A Primer.","authors":"Priya Bhardwaj, Adrienne Upchurch, Jeffrey E Janis","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plastic surgeons earn a substantial income over the course of their careers. If an unforeseen injury or illness results in partial or total disability, disability insurance can provide compensation to help offset income loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present our recommendations for obtaining personal disability insurance. Thus, the objective of this article was to educate plastic surgeons on the importance of long-term disability insurance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We recommend purchasing a personalized disability insurance policy as early as possible and consulting with a certified independent insurance agent for tailored advice. A good long-term insurance policy should include a true own-occupation/specialty-specific definition of disability, partial disability benefit, future insurability purchase options, a noncancelable/guaranteed renewable option, and cost of living adjustments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The journey to becoming a plastic surgeon is long and arduous. Without long-term disability insurance, an injury resulting in disability could have devastating financial consequences. Understanding the options and selecting the right policy early can help protect against income loss and ensure financial security during unforeseen health challenges. This discussion serves as a starting point for plastic surgeons to understand a key aspect of their risk management strategy and is not meant to be exhaustive.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6679"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12002374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of ChatGPT in Personal Statements for Plastic Surgery Residency Applications: Program Directors' Perspective.","authors":"Krishna A Patel, Carly J Suriano, Jeffrey E Janis","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Personal statements are a required component of plastic surgery residency applications but can be extremely time- and labor-intensive. Artificial intelligence (AI) programs like ChatGPT can streamline personal statement writing, but their use, especially if undisclosed, can have ethical implications. This study elucidates the perspective of plastic surgery residency program directors (PDs) regarding the importance of personal statements in reviewing applicants and whether ChatGPT should be utilized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous, 6-question multiple-choice survey was designed and administered in 3 rounds via REDCap to 120 current plastic surgery residency PDs. An additional email reminder was administered by the principal investigator. Data was collected and reported in aggregate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey response rate was 28.6%. Most PDs (73.5%) reported that personal statements were somewhat important in determining interviewees and the rank list; 85.3% of PDs were not confident in their ability to determine if ChatGPT was utilized. Additionally, 85.3% of residencies reported not utilizing AI-detection software, although 11.8% plan to implement one. Only 8.8% of PDs believed ChatGPT use to be ethically appropriate in all aspects of personal statement creation, whereas others believed it was only appropriate for brainstorming (11.8%), editing (14.7%), or writing (5.9%). Finally, 58.8% of PDs believed ChatGPT use to be unethical in all parts of personal statement creation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The utilization of AI could have a profound impact on streamlining personal statement creation, but its use has many ethical implications. Currently, the majority of surveyed PDs feel the use of ChatGPT to be unethical in any form during personal statement writing.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6698"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12002369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomography-based Measurement of Herniated Orbital Volume Following Acute Orbital Fractures.","authors":"Erina Kawabata, Takashi Nuri, Tatsuya Ichida, Koichi Ueda","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To predict which patients will develop more than 2 mm of enophthalmos and require surgery after orbital fracture is challenging. Although high herniated orbital volume (HV) might be a predictor, its measurement can be complex and time-consuming. This study aimed to identify a simple, reliable, and clinically applicable method for measuring herniated orbital volume.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective study examined HV and approximate volume in 42 patients with an orbital floor fracture (OF group) and 56 patients with a medial wall fracture (MW group). Approximate herniated volume (AV) was calculated as a rectangular parallelepiped, quadrangular pyramid, or hemiellipsoid. The correlation between HV and AV was analyzed quantitatively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to compare AV and HV cutoff values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AV calculated as a hemiellipsoid (AVhe) provided the closest approximation to HV. Correlation analysis showed a positive linear relationship between HV and AVhe in both the OF group (<i>r</i> = 0.818) and the MW group (<i>r</i> = 0.84). The optimal AVhe cutoff value was 1.013 mL in the OF group (positive and negative predictive values, 96.3% and 66.7%, respectively; area under the curve, 0.925) and 1.13 mL in the MW group (positive and negative predictive values, 90.0% and 69.2%, respectively; area under the curve, 0.956). High HV was defined as greater than 1.0 mL in the OF group and greater than 0.9 mL in the MW group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A simplified method that approximately calculates the volume of herniated orbital contents in a hemiellipsoid pattern model proved to be practical, easy, and reliable.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6689"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12002378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsurgical Intercapsular Resection Schwannoma Without Severing Nerve Fibers: A Technique of Using Only 2 Freer Dissectors.","authors":"Toshifumi Akazawa, Mitsuru Sekido, Yoshio Nakayama","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schwannoma is often removed by severing the nerve fascicle of origin or microsurgical enucleation, and patients may sometimes experience postoperative neurological deficits and sensory loss. An intercapsular resection technique was devised to remove only the true tumor and preserve nerve function. We report our technique and results using only 2 Freer dissectors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty cases of schwannoma of extremities and head were treated by the same surgeon from 2018 to May 2024. The schwannoma was exposed under general anesthesia. The superficial incision was performed at an area on the epineurium where there was no funiculus, followed by total removal of the tumor using only 2 Freer dissectors without cutting nerve fibers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients were 12 men and 8 women with a mean age at surgery of 55 years (range: 20-81 y). The preoperative mean diameter on magnetic resonance imaging averaged 24 mm (range: 10-46 mm). The average operation time for tumor removal was 39 minutes. The average postoperative follow-up was 1 year. All patients showed improved preoperative symptoms, with no muscle weakness, movement disorders, or sensory loss. None of the cases showed residual neurological deficits or tumor recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This method, using 2 Freer dissectors, does not require grasping the nerve with micro forceps, and it was possible to gently strip off the surrounding normal nerve fibers from the tumor, like peeling the skin of an onion. This is an extremely useful technique that can remove only the tumor safely and in a short time without damaging nerves.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6703"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12002390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Outcomes of Infant Ear Molding: A 10-year Single-Surgeon Experience.","authors":"Meagan Wu, Ashley E Chang, Alana M Platukus, Benjamin B Massenburg, China N Byrns, Dominic J Romeo, Jinggang J Ng, Jordan W Swanson, Jesse A Taylor, Scott P Bartlett","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study assesses long-term results of ear molding and factors associated with improved outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive infants treated by a single surgeon from 2012 to 2023 were reviewed. Photographs before device application (time T0) and within 6 months of device removal (time T1) were collected. Satisfaction responses and long-term photographs (time T2) were collected from parents. Deformity severity at the 3 timepoints was determined by the surgeon and participants recruited via crowdsourcing using a 4-point severity scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 97 parent respondents, 78 (80%) were satisfied, 15 (16%) were neutral, and 4 (4%) were dissatisfied with the appearance of their child's treated ear(s). Predictors of satisfaction included absence of ear prominence (<i>P</i> = 0.018), InfantEar use (<i>P</i> = 0.002), and longer follow-up (<i>P</i> = 0.047). Thirty patients with 47 deformities had photographs at T1 = 0.2 ± 2.8 years and T2 = 6.5 ± 2.8 years after treatment, which were evaluated by 236 laypeople. From T0 to T1, surgeon severity score decreased from a median of 3.0 [3.0-3.0] to 2.0 [1.0-2.0] (<i>P</i>< 0.001), which further decreased to 1.0 [1.0-2.0] at T2 (<i>P</i> = 0.064). From T0 to T1, layperson severity score decreased from 2.4 [1.8-2.9] to 1.5 [1.2-2.1] (<i>P</i> < 0.001), which further decreased to 1.3 [1.1-1.5] at T2 (<i>P</i> = 0.015). Surgeon and layperson scores differed at T0 (<i>P</i> < 0.001), whereas posttreatment scores were similar (<i>P</i> = 0.958, <i>P</i> = 0.495). Predictors of improved layperson scores at T2 included absence of ear prominence (<i>P</i> < 0.001), earlier treatment (<i>P</i> = 0.043), and longer follow-up (<i>P</i> = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The appearance of ear deformities was significantly improved at more than 6 years after treatment and tended to normalize with growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction in Patients With or Without Previous Abdominal Surgery: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Gauthier Zinner, Jérôme Martineau, Carlo M Oranges","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is now considered the gold standard for autologous breast reconstructions (BRs). Previous abdominal surgery (PAS) is considered to be a potential contraindication to abdominal-based BR. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of PAS following a DIEP flap BR comparing patients with or without PAS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature and comparative meta-analysis were performed to assess the differences in abdominal donor-site and flap complication rates between patients with or without PAS. Only comparative studies that reported on postoperative complications following DIEP flap BR were included. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies were included, representing 2440 patients with or without PAS corresponding to 3082 DIEP flap BR. There were no differences across groups in flap-related complication rates. However, PAS was associated with an increase in the overall rate of abdominal complications (odds ratio = 1.92; 95% confidence interval = 1.41-2.62; <i>P</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PAS is not a contraindication to DIEP flap BR, and no increase in the flap complication rate has been found in association with PAS. However, our study shows that PAS is associated with a higher overall abdominal complication rate at the donor site.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Anesthesia and Postoperative Opioid Use in Autologous Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Matthew J Heron, Katherine J Zhu, Sami Alahmadi, Isabel A Snee, Lily Zhu, Alexandra J Davis, Alec J Chen, Ala Elhelali, Lily R Mundy","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nerve and fascial plane blocks are common components of early recovery after surgery protocols for autologous breast reconstruction, but there is mixed data regarding their efficacy. This study evaluated the association between regional anesthesia and postoperative opioid use, patient-reported pain, length of stay (LOS), and duration of surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review of articles on regional anesthesia in autologous breast reconstruction and a dual extraction of outcomes. Data of interest included total, 24-hour, and 48-hour opioid use (intravenous [IV] morphine milligram equivalents [MMEs]), patient-reported pain, and length of surgery and stay. We performed meta-analyses with random effects models for mean difference (MD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 21 studies for analysis. Total opioid use was reduced among patients who received regional anesthesia (MD = -10.28 IV MMEs, ~3 oxycodone 5-mg equivalents, <i>P</i> < 0.05), as was opioid use at 24 (MD = -21.65 IV MMEs, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and 48 hours (MD = -24.42, <i>P</i> < 0.05). However, total opioid use was not significantly different when considering only data from randomized trials. There was no significant reduction in patient-reported pain at 48 hours (standardized MD = -0.28), nor was there a significant reduction in the length of surgery (MD = -0.26 h). Regional anesthesia was associated with an average 0.73-day reduced LOS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regional anesthesia was associated with a statistically but not clinically significant reduction in total postoperative opioid use and LOS following autologous breast reconstruction. Total opioid use was not significantly different when considering only randomized controlled trial data.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6694"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding Counseling Practices Among Plastic Surgeons: Results From a National Survey.","authors":"Jaimie Bryan, Kyle Ockerman, Rachel Yang, Elizabeth Cox, Rachel Safeek, Catherine Curtin, Sarah Sorice Virk","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding has well-established benefits for maternal and infant health. Difficulty with breastfeeding is a possible complication after breast surgery and can have detrimental maternal psychological consequences. Although lactation outcomes after breast surgery have been reported, plastic surgeons' preoperative counseling practices regarding breastfeeding after surgery have not yet been studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From November 2021 to January 2022, a 25-question anonymous survey on breastfeeding counseling practices, personal breastfeeding experiences, demographics, surgical training, and length of practice was administered to 6000 members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 146 respondents were included, and 90.7% of respondents believe that breast surgery can affect breastfeeding. Although 96.6% of respondents routinely discuss possible postoperative challenges with breastfeeding, 39.3% differentiate between inclusive and exclusive breastfeeding, 22.2% discuss potential emotional consequences, and only 12.8% discuss the need for galactagogues or labor-intensive ancillary activities. Significantly more respondents who had been in practice for less than 15 years believed that breast surgery can affect breastfeeding and reported counseling on breastfeeding impairment risk before transgender top surgery, compared with those who had been out of training for more than 15 years (96% versus 84%, <i>P</i> = 0.05; 72% versus 54%, <i>P</i> = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most plastic surgeons believe breast surgery can affect lactation and counsel patients as such. However, the potential deleterious mental health consequences of challenged breastfeeding after breast surgery seem undercounseled. Our findings highlight a potential need for increased education and improved preoperative breastfeeding counseling protocols for plastic surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 4","pages":"e6691"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}