Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open最新文献

{"title":"Platysma Prominence: Review and Expert Analysis of Clinical Presentation, Burden, and Treatment Considerations.","authors":"Ada Trindade de Almeida, Koenraad De Boulle, Z Paul Lorenc, Jean Carruthers, Andre Braz, Dario Bertossi, Elena Dimitrijevic, Sandhya Shimoga, René Hopfinger","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006490","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Platysma prominence (PP) is a sign of aging in the lower face and neck characterized primarily by a blunting of the jawline and the presence of vertical banding along the anterior and posterior margins of the muscle on one or both sides of the neck. The aim of this review was to combine findings from the literature on topics relevant to PP with expert perspective to help guide clinical decision-making in assessment and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of the literature focusing on platysma muscle anatomy and function; PP signs, characteristics, causes, clinical severity, and aesthetic and psychosocial effects; and treatment options for PP was performed and summarized. Expert clinical perspectives of these findings elucidated from the authors' experience were used to develop considerations for the evaluation and treatment of PP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PP is an aesthetically undesirable condition that is bothersome to affected individuals and has negative effects on quality of life and psychological and emotional well-being. Knowledge of platysma muscle anatomy, proper patient assessment, and considerations in the use of onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of PP, including selection of the appropriate candidates and careful dosing and injection techniques, can produce consistent results with limited adverse events, potentially enhancing the patient's quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PP is a bothersome condition with a detrimental impact on patient quality of life and psychological and emotional well-being. OnabotulinumtoxinA is a nonsurgical treatment option with a record of safe, consistent results in treating PP.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 2","pages":"e6490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheal Reconstruction With a Clavicle-attached Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Flap Tolerant to Positive Pressure Ventilation.","authors":"Mayuka Uchida, Aiko Oka, Shiho Watanabe, Hiroko Ochiai","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006501","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttracheostomy wound allows for spontaneous closure of the fistula once it is no longer needed. However, a surgical closure is required when closure does not occur spontaneously. To date, only cases involving patients with spontaneous respiration have been reported. Here, we report successful treatment of a 29-year-old man with extensive tracheal wall tissue defects after tracheostomy, which allowed for the continuation of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) therapy. In this case, the patient presented with loss of spontaneous breathing resulting due to a cervical 4 (C4)-level spinal cord injury. After initial closure of the tracheostomy site, the patient developed an anterior neck abscess and a tracheocutaneous fistula associated with ongoing NPPV therapy. Multiple attempts to close the tracheostomy site resulted in extensive tracheal cartilage defects. In this case, we reconstructed the tracheal wall and neck soft tissue using a clavicle-attached pedicled sternocleidomastoid flap to provide a strong repair of the defect. As a result, the patient was able to continue noninvasive NPPV therapy, with no complications observed over the course of 8 years. This method for tracheal reconstruction provides the necessary strength to withstand NPPV therapy and could be recommended as an effective option in similar cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 2","pages":"e6501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robot-assisted Pelvic Reconstruction Using Rectus Abdominis Flap: Efficiency Evaluation of Adding a Third Surgeon.","authors":"Matthew W Kelecy, Noama Iftekhar, Brett Allen, Edozie Ezeanolue, Richard C Baynosa","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006508","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The open rectus abdominis flap has long been a versatile workhorse in pelvic reconstruction. In an effort to reduce morbidity of open approach, robotic harvest techniques have been developed. Our institution previously published a retrospective study that compared outcomes between the robotic and open approaches between 2014 and 2019. Since then, our technique has evolved to include the addition of a general surgeon for simultaneous harvest site closure and flap insetting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an institutional review board-approved single-institution retrospective review of patients who underwent robotic rectus harvest using Da Vinci surgical system for perineal reconstruction between 2018 and June 2023. The dataset was stratified into patients who underwent 3-surgeon reconstruction versus 2-surgeon reconstruction. Data collected included demographics, risk factors, perioperative information, and postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 21 patients underwent robotic rectus repair from 2018 to 2023 with operations occurring at 3 different hospitals. Of those patients 7 were excluded, resulting in 14 patients included for evaluation: 8 patients who underwent 3-surgeon operation and 6 in the 2-surgeon cohort. We found no difference in total operative time (508.1 versus 506.8, <i>P</i> = 0.48), total robotic console time (445.7 versus 424.0, <i>P</i> = 0.46), hospital length of stay (11.4 versus 8.0, <i>P</i> = 0.27), or overall complication rate (0.75 versus 0.83, <i>P</i> = 0.36).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although this is a small study, the data suggest that plastic surgeons trained in robotic techniques are well-equipped to perform the harvest, mesh repair, and flap inset without the addition of a general surgeon.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 2","pages":"e6508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Intermediate Cleft Rhinoplasty Utilizing a Pedicled Fibrofatty Flap.","authors":"Sasha Lasky, Tayla Moshal, Marah Jolibois, Idean Roohani, Christian Jimenez, Artur Manasyan, Priyanka Naidu, Eric S Nagengast, William P Magee","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006513","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with cleft lip ± palate may experience psychosocial issues related to their secondary cleft nasal deformities. These concerns can be addressed earlier instead of being required to wait until skeletal maturity. A novel early rhinoplasty intervention utilizing a dorsal fibrofatty pedicled flap is performed by the senior author to address nasal aesthetics in patients with secondary nasal deformities. This study aimed to describe this novel intermediate rhinoplasty technique and to evaluate improvement of nasal aesthetics. A retrospective review of patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip who underwent open rhinoplasty by a single surgeon at less than 10 years old from 2008 to 2023 was conducted. To evaluate aesthetic improvement, preoperative and postoperative photographs of patients were graded by 2 reviewers utilizing the Asher-McDade Aesthetic Index. Paired <i>t</i> tests compared preoperative and postoperative Asher-McDade Aesthetic Index nasal form and nasal deviation scores. A total of 43 patients underwent early rhinoplasty utilizing this technique at an average age of 5.5 ± 1.1 years. Compared with preoperative photographs, postoperative photographs of patients demonstrated a significant improvement in nasal form (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and nasal deviation (<i>P</i> < 0.001). No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported. Only 1 (2.3%) patient underwent revisional surgery. Long-term follow-up will assess the finalized revision rate. This technique is a safe and valuable tool in patients who benefit from earlier treatment of secondary cleft nasal deformities due to significant asymmetry and psychosocial concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 2","pages":"e6513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Dilemmas in Plastic Surgery: Insights From a Survey Study in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Amr Youssef Arkoubi, Zainalabden E Jefri, Faris A Aldaghri, Faisal M Obeid, Abdulaziz Saleh Almodumeegh, Abdulmajeed Alhadlaq, Waiel A Daghistani, Hatan Mortada","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006510","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plastic surgery often presents complex ethical dilemmas involving patient autonomy, informed consent, and resource allocation. This study aimed to explore these challenges and their impact on surgeons' decision-making processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey study was conducted among plastic surgeons in Saudi Arabia between May and June 2024. An online-validated questionnaire was distributed to consultants, residents, and registrars. The survey covered demographic information and ethical dilemma scenarios. Data were analyzed using SPSS, with chi-square tests used to assess associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 75 participants, 53.3% were consultants, 82.7% were male, and the majority (38.7%) were between 30 and 39 years of age. Most surgeons (41.3%) reported rarely encountering ethical dilemmas, with managing patient expectations being the most common issue, cited by 48.0% of respondents. Professional guidelines influenced decision-making for 56.0% of the participants. Consultants and residents had differing experiences; consultants were more concerned about advertising practices (75.0% compared with 12.5%) and complications (70.0% compared with 30.0%), whereas residents focused primarily on resource allocation (100.0% versus none of the consultants).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Plastic surgeons in Saudi Arabia face various ethical challenges, with differences noted between consultants and residents. The findings highlight the importance of addressing these challenges to enhance decision-making and patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 2","pages":"e6510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring and Management of Infection following Prepectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction: Retrospective Analysis of Conservative Treatment Versus Implant Removal.","authors":"Solange N Walz, Jérôme Martineau, Daniel F Kalbermatten, Carlo M Oranges","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006516","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection following implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) represents a major complication, potentially leading to prosthesis removal. However, no clear protocol for its prevention and management exists. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of conservative treatment methods in preventing implant removal and analyze factors responsible for implant loss in the context of prepectoral IBBR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-institution retrospective review chart of patients undergoing immediate prepectoral IBBR for breast cancer between October 2020 and January 2024 was performed. The inclusion criteria were the presence of at least one of the following postoperative complications: seromas, cellulitis, clinically suspected prosthesis infection, and confirmed periprosthetic infection. A comparative analysis between patients with successful conservative treatment (ultrasound-guided aspiration and antibiotic therapy) and patients undergoing implant removal was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 219 immediate prepectoral IBBR cases were identified, 38 of which met inclusion criteria. Implant removal was required in 11 cases, whereas implant retention was achieved in 27 patients with conservative treatment. Implants were invariably removed when bacterial cultures were positive (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Conversely, when pathogens were not identified, the likelihood of implant removal decreased significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Conservative treatment allowed implant salvage in all patients presenting with postoperative seroma alone, without other associated complications (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that when bacterial cultures are positive, implant removal is unavoidable. Conversely, noninfected seromas correlated with implant salvage. Infections from <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> and <i>Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum</i> are reported for the first time.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 2","pages":"e6516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Ectropion After Lower Eyelid and Cheek Reconstruction Following Mohs Micrographic Surgery.","authors":"Jess D Rames, Melissa M Rames, Caroline Y Yu, Nicole Sanchez Figueroa, Christeebela O Akpala, Sara Hussein, Addison M Demer, Basel A Sharaf, Lilly H Wagner","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006498","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Development of ectropion is a frequently reported complication after reconstruction of infraorbital Mohs defects. This study aimed to characterize preoperative and surgical factors contributing to ectropion development in patients undergoing reconstruction after Mohs micrographic surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective single-center case-control study on patients undergoing reconstruction of Mohs micrographic surgery defects involving the nonmarginal lower eyelid and upper cheek from 2011 to 2023. Pre- and postoperative photographs were reviewed to confirm defect location and postreconstructive eyelid malposition. Ectropion risk factors were determined with uni- and multivariate odds ratio analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 202 patients were included, 45 cases in the ectropion group and 157 in the control group. Negative orbital vector (<i>P</i> = 0.02), recurrent disease (<i>P</i> = 0.01), and greater defects size (<i>P</i> = 0.007) were associated with postreconstructive ectropion. Ectropion was more likely after multidisciplinary reconstruction (13.3% versus 1.4%, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and reconstruction with cervicofacial flaps (28.9% versus 4.2%, <i>P</i> < 0.0005); and less likely after primary closure (8.9% versus 28.5%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Multivariate assessment (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], <i>P</i> value) revealed that combined cheek and eyelid defect involvement (4.32 [1.36-13.6], <i>P</i> = 0.01), larger size (1.07 [1.03-1.13], <i>P</i> < 0.001), and negative orbital vector (12.11 [2.65-65.42], <i>P</i> = 0.002) were independent risk factors for ectropion development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combined cheek/lower eyelid defects and negative orbital vector increase the risk of postreconstructive ectropion. These findings can be used to optimize surgical technique and counsel patients on increased likelihood of this complication with possible need for revision surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 2","pages":"e6498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implant-based Cryopreserved Autologous Free Nipple Grafting for Breast Reconstruction: The ICEBERG Technique.","authors":"Sonia S Patel, Nathan E Lu, Thomas Xia, Brian A Mailey","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006499","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nipple creation is generally the final step of breast reconstruction. However, patients many times forego this procedure due to reconstructive fatigue. Herein, we describe a technique of harvesting the nipple-areola complex as a full-thickness skin graft during the initial mastectomy with direct-to-implant reconstruction, storing the harvested nipple tissue at -80°C, and then placing the nipple as a skin graft 2 weeks after the initial mastectomy. This method, termed the implant-based cryopreserved autologous free nipple grafting for breast reconstruction technique, serves as a feasible and shorter alternative to traditional procedures. The implant-based cryopreserved autologous free nipple grafting for breast reconstruction technique can, therefore, reduce the longevity of the reconstructive journey for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 2","pages":"e6499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ORUS: Ultrasonic Ostemodeling for Body Contouring.","authors":"Jesua Emmanuel Avilez, Daniel Rodolfo Noriega, Cesar Edwin Martínez, Jonathan Mauricio Quisilema","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006464","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An attractive waist-hip ratio leads to a favorable aesthetic appearance in women and can be achieved through the <i>osteo remodelación ultrasónica simplificada</i> (ORUS) technique, which consists of the controlled fracture of the floating ribs through a small incision in the back based on an umbrella's functioning (open-semiclosed).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ORUS technique was performed on 120 patients between 18 and 50 years of age. Patients were grouped according to the surgical procedure performed: ORUS (11 patients), ORUS + liposuction (n = 87), and ORUS + abdominoplasty (n = 22). Demographic and clinical preoperative and postoperative data were recorded in all patients included. Measurements of waist-hip index and body mass index were done in centimeters, and at 90 days, a computed tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction was indicated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The surgery time depended on the procedure and varied from 30 minutes in the ORUS procedure to 180 minutes when it was combined with an abdominoplasty. A waist reduction was achieved with median preoperative measurements ranging from 89.0-110.0 to 65.0-69.0 cm depending on the procedure. The size of the incision did not exceed 1.2 cm, and only 2 patients had symptomatic atelectasis. The median total Body-QoL score ranged between 97 and 99 points from a maximum of 100 points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed ORUS technique achieved a waist and waist-hip index reduction with minor complications, a minimum scar, and a high satisfaction level.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 1","pages":"e6464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic Surgeon Well-being, Mindfulness, and the Art of Letting Go.","authors":"David H Kim, Simran K Chandawarkar, Aleksandra Krajewski, Danielle DeLuca-Pytell, Ronald K Akiki, Opeyemi A Asanbe, Sameer A Patel","doi":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006440","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GOX.0000000000006440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As plastic surgeons, we strive to achieve the best possible outcomes for our patients. However, despite being a good surgeon with a sound plan that was thoughtfully crafted and well executed, complications still happen. As a result, surgeons involved in the care of patients who have complications can experience mental and emotional suffering, including feelings of guilt, sadness, anxiety, and stress. It is important to be aware of these emotions and to acknowledge them. Through recognition and self-acceptance, we can let go of that which no longer serves us and focus on the present. In fact, there are definitive benefits to letting go of negative thoughts, emotions, and maladaptive behaviors by implementing mindfulness-based practices and seeking individualized treatment if needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20149,"journal":{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","volume":"13 1","pages":"e6440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11778091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}