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The Potentially Dangerous Asteroid (101955) Bennu 潜在的危险小行星(101955)本奴
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-12-15 DOI: 10.1155/2014/561680
I. Wlodarczyk
{"title":"The Potentially Dangerous Asteroid (101955) Bennu","authors":"I. Wlodarczyk","doi":"10.1155/2014/561680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/561680","url":null,"abstract":"We computed impact solutions of the potentially dangerous asteroid (101955) Bennu based on 569 optical observations from September 11.40624 UTC, 1999 to January 20.11189 UTC, 2013, and 29 radar observations from September 21, 1999, through September 29, 2011. Using the freely available OrbFit software package, we can follow its orbit forward in the future \u0000searching for close approaches with the earth, which can lead to possible impacts up to 2200. With the A2 nongravitational parameter in the motion of the asteroid (101955) Bennu we computed possible impact solutions using different JPL planetary and lunar ephemerides and different number of additional massive perturbed asteroids. The possible impact path of risk for 2175 is presented. Additionally, we computed possible impact solutions using the normal places method of the selection of Bennu’s astrometric observations. Moreover, we computed time evolution of the mean orbital elements and the orbital nodes of Bennu 5 kyr in the backwards and 1 kyr in the future using the Yarkovsky effects. We computed the mean motion and secular orbital resonances of the Bennu. We also computed the influence of the JPL planetary and lunar ephemerides DE403, DE405, DE406, DE414, and DE423 on the close approaches of the asteroid (101955) Bennu with the earth.","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80019266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modified Hamiltonian Formalism for Regge-Teitelboim Cosmology Regge-Teitelboim宇宙论的修正哈密顿形式论
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-12-10 DOI: 10.1155/2014/606727
P. Patra, M. Raju, G. Manna, J. P. Saha
{"title":"Modified Hamiltonian Formalism for Regge-Teitelboim Cosmology","authors":"P. Patra, M. Raju, G. Manna, J. P. Saha","doi":"10.1155/2014/606727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/606727","url":null,"abstract":"The Ostrogradski approach for the Hamiltonian formalism of higher derivative theory is not satisfactory because the Lagrangian cannot be viewed as a function on the tangent bundle to coordinate manifold. In this paper, we have used an alternative approach which leads directly to the Lagrangian which, being a function on the tangent manifold, gives correct equation of motion; no new coordinate variables need to be added. This approach can be used directly to the singular (in Ostrogradski sense) Lagrangian. We have used this method for the Regge-Teitelboim (RT) minisuperspace cosmological model. We have obtained the Hamiltonian of the dynamical equation of the scale factor of RT model.","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82739853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electronic Transport Properties of Doped C28 Fullerene 掺杂C28富勒烯的电子输运性质
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-11-26 DOI: 10.1155/2014/872381
Akshu Pahuja, S. Srivastava
{"title":"Electronic Transport Properties of Doped C28 Fullerene","authors":"Akshu Pahuja, S. Srivastava","doi":"10.1155/2014/872381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/872381","url":null,"abstract":"Endohedral doping of small fullerenes like C28 affects their electronic structure and increases their stability. The transport properties of Li@C28 sandwiched between two gold surfaces have been calculated using first-principles density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism. The transmission curves, IV characteristics, and molecular projected self-consistent Hamiltonian eigenstates of both pristine and doped molecule are computed. The current across the junction is found to decrease upon Li encapsulation, which can be attributed to change in alignment of molecular energy levels with bias voltage.","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84346227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Synthesis and Characterization of Screen Printed Zn0.97Cu0.03O Thick Film for Semiconductor Device Applications 半导体器件用丝网印刷zn0.97 cu0.030厚膜的合成与表征
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1155/2014/464809
R. Zargar, S. D. Khan, M. Khan, M. Arora, A. K. Hafiz
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Screen Printed Zn0.97Cu0.03O Thick Film for Semiconductor Device Applications","authors":"R. Zargar, S. D. Khan, M. Khan, M. Arora, A. K. Hafiz","doi":"10.1155/2014/464809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/464809","url":null,"abstract":"The studies on doped ZnO thick films deposited over large surface area are still a very promising area of research and development. We report characteristic properties of thick film of Zn0.97Cu0.03O prepared by the economic screen printing technique. The film was characterized by XRD, SEM, diffused reflectance, FTIR, and dark resistivity measurement techniques. The XRD and SEM studies revealed polycrystalline, single phase, porous, and granular surface morphology of this Cu doped ZnO thick films. The direct band gap energy of this film determined by diffuse reflectance technique is 3.18 eV. IR transmission spectrum measured in 4000–600 cm−1 region at ambient temperature confirmed the incorporation of Cu2","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"101 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76090877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Advancement in Microstructural, Optical, and Mechanical Properties of PVA (Mowiol 10-98) Doped by ZnO Nanoparticles ZnO纳米粒子掺杂PVA (Mowiol 10-98)的显微结构、光学和力学性能研究进展
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-11-20 DOI: 10.1155/2014/742378
N. Kumar, Vincent Crasta, B. Praveen
{"title":"Advancement in Microstructural, Optical, and Mechanical Properties of PVA (Mowiol 10-98) Doped by ZnO Nanoparticles","authors":"N. Kumar, Vincent Crasta, B. Praveen","doi":"10.1155/2014/742378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/742378","url":null,"abstract":"The current paper explores the preparation of PVA nanocomposites by doping with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using the method of coagulation and solvent casting technique. The dopant zinc oxide nanoparticle is prepared by simple precipitation method and is confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The XRD studies explore that the average particle size of the synthesized nanoparticles is 55 nm and show that the crystallinity factor of PVA nanocomposites is influenced by the interaction occurring between the PVA main chain and the ZnO nanoparticle. The FTIR spectroscopy suggests that the formulation of complexes occurring between the dopants and the PVA main chain is due to inter or intra molecular hydrogen bonding. UV-vis spectra explore the dramatic decrease in the optical energy gap of nanoparticles doped polymer composites and the variations of Urbach energy () related to crystallinity for various dopant concentrations. The mechanical properties of the PVA nanocomposites were explored using universal testing machine (UTM) that reflects that, for % doping concentration, there is an increase in the tensile strength, stiffness, and Young’s modulus, whereas, for % concentration, the percentage total elongation at fracture is found to be the maximum. The morphological behavior and homogenous nanoparticle distribution in the composites were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX).","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"38 11 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75861751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 67
Resolution of the Age-Old Dilemma about a Magnitude of the Momentum of Light in Matter 关于物质中光动量大小的古老难题的解决
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-10-28 DOI: 10.1155/2014/126436
V. Torchigin, A. Torchigin
{"title":"Resolution of the Age-Old Dilemma about a Magnitude of the Momentum of Light in Matter","authors":"V. Torchigin, A. Torchigin","doi":"10.1155/2014/126436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/126436","url":null,"abstract":"There are two competitive opinions about a magnitude of the momentum of light in matter. The Balazs thought experiment gives unambiguous theoretical evidence based only on laws of mechanics that the momentum of light in matter is smaller by n times than that of the same light in free space where n is the refractive index of the matter. On the other hand, there is other theoretical evidence confirmed by experimental investigation that the momentum of light in matter is greater by n times than that in free space. This ancient dilemma cannot be resolved till now. We show that the momentum density flux of light in matter is greater by n times than that in free space. In the same time we present an alternative interpretation of the Balazs thought experiment where two optical pressures arising in the regions of the matter where leading and trailing edges of the pulse are propagating are taken into account. This enables us to match contradictory results of mentioned experiments. Since the contradiction is overcome, the dilemma disappears.","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89214686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Structural and Electrical Properties of Li–Ni Nanoferrites Synthesised by Citrate Gel Autocombustion Method 柠檬酸凝胶自燃烧法合成Li-Ni纳米铁氧体的结构和电学性能
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-10-20 DOI: 10.1155/2014/672739
G. Aravind, D. Ravinder, V. Nathanial
{"title":"Structural and Electrical Properties of Li–Ni Nanoferrites Synthesised by Citrate Gel Autocombustion Method","authors":"G. Aravind, D. Ravinder, V. Nathanial","doi":"10.1155/2014/672739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/672739","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt has been made to synthesize nanocrystalline lithium-nickel ferrites with a compositional formula Li0.5−0.5xNixFe2.5−0.5xO4 (where to 1.0 with step of 0.2) by a low temperature citrate gel autocombustion method. Single phase cubic structure is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. This result demonstrates that the prepared samples are homogeneous and the sharp peaks reveal that the samples are in good crystalline form. As the Ni concentration is increased, various interesting changes in the values of the structural parameters like lattice parameter, X-ray density, bulk density, and porosity have been observed. The surface morphology of the prepared samples was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DC resistivity measurements were carried out using two-probe method from 200°C to 600°C. The variation of with reciprocal of temperature shows a discontinuity at Curie temperature. versus plot of the pure lithium ferrites is almost linear which indicates the Curie temperature of the pure lithium ferrites was beyond our measured temperature. The dielectric properties of these ferrites have been studied using a LCR meter from the room temperature to 700 K at various frequencies up to 5 MHz, which reveals that all the prepared samples have dielectric transition temperature around 600 K.","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90460047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Reconstruction of Dielectric Constants of Core and Cladding of Optical Fibers Using Propagation Constants Measurements 用传播常数测量法重建光纤芯和包层的介电常数
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-09-18 DOI: 10.1155/2014/253435
E. Karchevskii, A. Spiridonov, A. Repina, L. Beilina
{"title":"Reconstruction of Dielectric Constants of Core and Cladding of Optical Fibers Using Propagation Constants Measurements","authors":"E. Karchevskii, A. Spiridonov, A. Repina, L. Beilina","doi":"10.1155/2014/253435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/253435","url":null,"abstract":"We present new numerical methods for the solution of inverse spectral problem to determine the dielectric constants of core and cladding in optical fibers. These methods use measurements of propagation constants. Our algorithms are based on approximate solution of a nonlinear nonselfadjoint eigenvalue problem for a system of weakly singular integral equations. We study three inverse problems and prove that they are well posed. Our numerical results indicate good accuracy of new algorithms.","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"11 24 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73439963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Full Symmetry Groups and Exact Solutions to BKP and GKP Equations BKP和GKP方程的全对称群和精确解
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-09-18 DOI: 10.1155/2014/786965
Bo Ren, Jian-yong Wang
{"title":"Full Symmetry Groups and Exact Solutions to BKP and GKP Equations","authors":"Bo Ren, Jian-yong Wang","doi":"10.1155/2014/786965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/786965","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear BKP and GKP equations with the modified direct CK’s method. Then, we get its Lie point groups and the full symmetry group, and a relationship is constructed between the new solutions and the old one. Based on the relationship, the new solutions can be obtained by using a given solution of the equations.","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87695991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Drift Modified Longitudinal Electrokinetic Mode in Colloids Laden Semiconductor Quantum Plasmas 胶体负载半导体量子等离子体中漂移修正的纵向电动力模式
Physics Research International Pub Date : 2014-09-15 DOI: 10.1155/2014/634763
S. Chaudhary, N. Nimje, N. Yadav, S. Ghosh
{"title":"Drift Modified Longitudinal Electrokinetic Mode in Colloids Laden Semiconductor Quantum Plasmas","authors":"S. Chaudhary, N. Nimje, N. Yadav, S. Ghosh","doi":"10.1155/2014/634763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/634763","url":null,"abstract":"Dispersion and absorption characteristics of electrokinetic wave in unmagnetised extrinsic semiconductor with streaming carriers are analytically investigated. By using quantum hydrodynamic model, a linear dispersion relation is derived for longitudinal electrokinetic wave in colloids laden semiconductor plasma under slow electrokinetic mode regime. Results indicate that quantum effect through Bohm potential significantly modifies the dispersion and absorption characteristics of electrokinetic wave spectrum. The outcome is hoped to add substantially to the present knowledge of wave spectrum of longitudinal electrokinetic wave in colloids laden quantum semiconductor plasma subjected to a dc electric field along the direction of wave propagation.","PeriodicalId":20143,"journal":{"name":"Physics Research International","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73710646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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