Phlebology最新文献

{"title":"Early follow-up quality of life and mental health of patients with congenital vascular malformations cared for in a multi-disciplinary specialist centre.","authors":"Calver Pang,&nbsp;Rebecca Nisbet,&nbsp;Michael Gibson,&nbsp;Nicholas Evans,&nbsp;Mohamed Khalifa,&nbsp;Anthie Papadopoulou,&nbsp;Janice Tsui,&nbsp;George Hamilton,&nbsp;Jocelyn Brookes,&nbsp;Chung Sim Lim","doi":"10.1177/02683555221147469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221147469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to evaluate the early follow-up quality of life (QoL), pain and mental health of patients with congenital vascular malformation (CVM) from a variety of treatment options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients with CVM who received care and had follow-up between February 1st 2018 and January 31st 2020 were included. The health-related QoL, pain, and mental health were assessed with RAND Health Care 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), visual analogue score for pain (VAS-P) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Paired t-test was used for all analyses. <i>p</i> < .05 were considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 110 patients with a mean age of 36.9 years were included in this study. In all patients following care, significant improvement was found in the bodily pain domain of SF-36 and VAS-P (both <i>p</i> = .01). This was largely driven by high-flow vascular malformation patients who responded better to embolo-sclerotherapy, which revealed significant improvement in the bodily pain domain of SF-36 (<i>p</i> = .002) and VAS-P (<i>p</i> = .02). Patients who received supportive treatment only reported significant improvement in mental health (<i>p</i> = .004) and social functioning (<i>p</i> = .03) domains of SF-36. Meanwhile, patients treated with embolo-sclerotherapy reported significant improvement only in VAS-P (<i>p</i> = .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study concluded that the effects of care on early follow-up QoL, pain and mental health of patients with CVM were heterogenous. Future research should therefore, include larger sample size and longer term follow-up to understand the various factors that affect the QoL and mental health of these patients, as well as the holistic approaches to manage them.</p>","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 2","pages":"80-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9390707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thanks to reviewers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02683555231155616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555231155616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 2","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10827943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selecting appropriate compression for lymphedema patients: American Vein and Lymphatic Society position statement.","authors":"Heather Hettrick,&nbsp;Suzie Ehmann,&nbsp;Brandy McKeown,&nbsp;Dean Bender,&nbsp;John Blebea","doi":"10.1177/02683555221149619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221149619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lymphedema is a significant and disabling disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. Compression therapy is an important component of lifelong treatment but the specifics of appropriate compression garment selection and prescribing is not always well understood by practitioners and payers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An expert panel of the American Vein and Lymphatic Society was convened to write a Position Statement with explanations and recommendations for the appropriate compression therapy to be used in the treatment of lymphedema patients.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A Position Statement was produced by the expert panel with recommendations for documentation and compression therapy treatment. Their recommendations were reviewed, edited, and approved by the Guidelines Committee of the society.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This societal Position Statement provides a useful document for reference for medical care providers for the appropriate compression therapy selection and treatment of patients with lymphedema.</p>","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 2","pages":"115-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10845439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-treatment course of acute lipodermatosclerosis.","authors":"Kotaro Suehiro,&nbsp;Noriyasu Morikage,&nbsp;Takasuke Harada,&nbsp;Yuriko Takeuchi,&nbsp;Takahiro Mizoguchi,&nbsp;Soichi Ike,&nbsp;Ryo Otuska,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kurazumi,&nbsp;Ryo Suzuki,&nbsp;Kimikazu Hamano","doi":"10.1177/02683555221147473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221147473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to clarify whether acute lipodermatosclerosis (LDS) progress to chronic LDS without continued compression therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between April 2015 and November 2021, 30 patients with acute/subacute LDS, which was diagnosed clinically by presence of isolated, poorly demarcated, tender erythema, and induration limited to the lower leg(s), visited our clinic and were able to be followed up for longer than a year. We reviewed their treatment results and the post-treatment courses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all cases, the symptoms in the acute phase subsided with compression bandages. After the discontinuation of compression therapy, 18 legs (56%) progressed to chronic LDS, and 14 legs (44%) did not. In the legs without progression, subcutaneous tissue in the affected leg was thicker compared with that in the contralateral leg (median 19.1 mm vs. 13.4 mm, <i>p</i> < 0.05) on the initial visit. In the legs with progression, the difference in subcutaneous tissue thickness between the affected and unaffected legs was not significant (10.0 mm vs. 7.6 mm).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that in legs which later progress to chronic LDS, subcutaneous tissue contraction due to panniculitis is already present during the acute phase; therefore, long-term compression therapy is unlikely to improve the prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 2","pages":"73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10850188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of exercise therapy on PICC-associated venous thromboembolism: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Aiping Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Liu,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Li,&nbsp;Chunyan Lai,&nbsp;Jing Tan","doi":"10.1177/02683555221149597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221149597","url":null,"abstract":"Background Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is widely used in clinical practice because of its long retention time and easy maintenance. However, PICC-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the most serious complication of PICC. Guidelines recommend exercise therapy to prevent PICC-associated VTE. However, inconsistent findings have been reported across the literature. This study conducted a meta-analysis to further evaluate the effect of exercise therapy on PICC-associated VTE. Methods We searched CNKI, Wanfang database, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full Text Database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases and included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise therapy for the prevention of PICC-associated VTE. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted information, and evaluated the risk of bias for eligible RCTs. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan5.4 software. Results Eleven RCTs were included, including 1919 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of PICC-associated VTE was lower in the exercise therapy group than in the usual care group (RR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.22–0.41, p < 0.00001).Exercise therapy increased the axillary vein maximum velocity (SMD = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.58–1.28, p < 0.00001) and the axillary vein time-mean flow velocity (SMD = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.53–1.20, p < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant differences for the incidence of PICC-associated VTE for intervention times<4 weeks (RR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.17–0.40, p < 0.00001) and intervention times≥4 weeks (RR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.22–0.54, p < 0.00001). For axillary vein maximum velocity, the difference was statistically significant for both intervention time <4 weeks (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55–0.91, p < 0.00001) and intervention time ≥4 weeks (SMD = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.18–2.19, p = 0.02). For axillary vein time-mean flow velocity, the intervention time <4 weeks (SMD = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.46–1.04, p < 0.00001), and the difference was statistically significant; while ≥4 weeks, the difference was not statistically significant (SMD = 1.14, 95% CI: −0.07 to 2.35, p = 0.06). Conclusions Exercise therapy improved venous blood flow velocity and effectively reduced the incidence of PICC-associated VTE. However, RCTs with large samples and high quality are needed to further evaluate the effectiveness of exercise therapy in PICC patients.","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 2","pages":"103-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9391203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atrial fibrillation and peripheral varicose vein: Where is the connection?","authors":"Ertan Yetkin,&nbsp;Hasan Atmaca,&nbsp;Kenan Yalta","doi":"10.1177/02683555221148835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221148835","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Varicose vein is one of the most important health care problems in the World with respect to cardiovascular morbidity, mortality, and cosmetic concern as well and has been named to mention varicose veins of lower extremity. However, it has been recognized that peripheral varicose veins (PVV) might be a manifestation of systemic vascular or venous wall pathology rather than a localized disease of lower extremity peripheral venous territory. Association of PVV with other venous or vascular dilatations, namely varicocele, pelvic varicose veins, hemorrhoids, and coronary artery ectasia (CAE), has been reported with an increasing number of papers in literature. Therefore, PVV has been nominated as a member of dilating venous diseases or dilating vascular diseases. Pathophysiologic, epidemiologic, and clinical aspects of PVVin association with other dilating vascular diseases have been reviewed recently. Within this context, we have read the article published byHu et al.with great enthusiasm and interest. Briefly they have assessed the incidence rates and associates of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with and without PVV in their cohort. After controlling the confounding factors, they have found that patients with PVV have been found to be associated with significantly higher risk of AF (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03–1.45) compared to those without PVV. This is an interesting finding to be discussed in terms of pathophysiologic connections between the PVV and AF. Although the authors have commented on the atherosclerotic, thrombogenic, and inflammatory process as contributing factors to development of AF, we have further rationalities to explain the association of PVV with AF. We would like to focus on the concept of systemic vascular wall pathology as an underlying etiology of PVV or dilatation of any other vascular territory. The pathophysiologic process underlying dilating vascular diseases might have also involved the atrial tissue and therebymight havemade the atrial tissue prone toAF. Structural remodeling in atrial tissue characterized by disorganized deposition of extracellular matrix components has been known to facilitate the development of AF. Therefore, Hu et al.’s report has been a cornerstone for the association of AF with a distinct vascular pathology, that is, PVV. Although PVV is a remote pathology in regard to heart, that is, atriums, it is likely that the underlying pathology of PVV or dilating vascular diseases may also reside in the atrial wall tissue as well and plays a role in the development of AF. Further studies evaluating the association ofAFwith vascular pathology would improve our understanding not only in regard to PVVbut also in regard to dilating vascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 2","pages":"133-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10310928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of alpha-1-antitrypsin in the etiopathogenesis of chronic venous disease: A prospective clinical trial.","authors":"Hüsnü Kamil Limandal,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Kayğın,&nbsp;Alev Lazoğlu Özkaya,&nbsp;Taha Özkara,&nbsp;Mevriye Serpil Diler,&nbsp;Hatice Işıl Çüçen,&nbsp;Ziya Yıldız,&nbsp;Servet Ergün,&nbsp;Özgür Dağ","doi":"10.1177/02683555221141818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221141818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to examine whether alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), an inhibitor of leukocyte esterase(LE), which damages the venous vessel wall, has a protective effect against chronic venous disease(CVD), and to examine the relationship between AAT levels and disease severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients admitted with varicose vein disease and having reflux flow lasting longer than 0.5 s as determined by Doppler ultrasound were included. The informed consents were taken, and blood samples were obtained for complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and AAT level following anamnesis and physical examination. Clinical Etiologic Anatomic Pathologic (CEAP) classification was used to assess disease severity, and patients were divided into CEAP 1-5 groups accordingly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 87 patients were included in the study. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in body weight, red blood cell counts, platelet counts, or neutrophil counts (<i>p</i> = 0.117, <i>p</i> = 0.932, <i>p</i> = 0.177, and <i>p</i> = 0.177, respectively).CRP and AAT levels were higher in patients with a CEAP clinical score of 5 compared to the other groups (<i>p</i> = 0.018, and <i>p</i> = 0.020, respectively). AAT levels were similar in the CEAP 1-3 group and decreased in the CEAP-4 group but increased again in the CEAP-5 group. The AAT level was 1.62 ± 0.3 g/L in the CEAP-1 group, 1.61 ± 0.21 g/L in the CEAP-2 group, 1.61 ± 0.27 g/L in the CEAP-3 group, 1.48 ± 0.28 g/L in the CEAP-4 group, and 1.94 ± 0.39 g/L in the CEAP-5 group. CRP levels and platelet counts were observed to affect AAT levels (<i>p</i> = 0.10, <i>p</i> = 0.017, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We believe that our hypothesis that low AAT levels play a role in the etiopathogenesis of CVD has been partially validated, at least in the CEAP-4 group. However, we believe that increased AAT levels in the CEAP-5 group may be a reactive increase in increased LE levels due to higher CRP levels of this group.</p>","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 1","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10692011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pneumatic compression device and stocking use on symptoms and quality of life in women with lipedema: A proof-in-principle randomized trial.","authors":"Thomas Wright,&nbsp;Crystal D Scarfino,&nbsp;Ellen M O'Malley","doi":"10.1177/02683555221145779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221145779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Does short-term use of pneumatic compression devices (PCD) and off-the-shelf compression alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life in women with lipedema and secondary lipolymphedema?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective, randomized controlled, industry-sponsored, proof-in-principle study comparing PCD plus conservative care (PCD+CC) to CC alone (control). Adult females with bilateral lipedema and secondary lymphedema were randomized to PCD+CC or CC. Outcome measures were lower limb and truncal circumferential measurements, bioimpedance, and quality-of-life, symptom, and pain intensity questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups experienced improvements in leg circumference and bioimpedance with more improvement in the PCD+CC group than the CC group. Pain scores of the SF-36 survey and numerical rating scales were improved in the PCD+CC group. Wong-Baker Faces scores showed trends toward improvement in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This proof-in-principle study supports conservative management with graduated compression and with or without PCD for improvement in leg circumference, bioimpedance measurements, and pain in patients with lipedema.</p>","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 1","pages":"51-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ef/2c/10.1177_02683555221145779.PMC9902958.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9242120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and safety of the direct oral anticoagulant in acute distal deep vein thrombosis: From the prospective multicenter observational study, J'xactly, in Japan.","authors":"Makoto Mo,&nbsp;Ikuo Fukuda,&nbsp;Mashio Nakamura,&nbsp;Norikazu Yamada,&nbsp;Morimasa Takayama,&nbsp;Hideaki Maeda,&nbsp;Takeshi Yamashita,&nbsp;Takanori Ikeda,&nbsp;Tsutomu Yamazaki,&nbsp;Yasuo Okumura,&nbsp;Atsushi Hirayama","doi":"10.1177/02683555221141310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221141310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We assessed the effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban in patients with isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (IDDVT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) and major bleeding were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1016 patients with acute symptomatic/asymptomatic DVT and/or pulmonary embolism treated with rivaroxaban, 288 had IDDVT and 294 had proximal DVT (pDVT). The IDDVT group had fewer patients on the higher rivaroxaban dose (30 mg/day) (42.7% vs. 66.0%) and a shorter treatment duration (135.5 vs 369.5 days) than the pDVT group. VTE recurrence occurred in 14 and 11 patients with IDDVT and pDVT, respectively (2.89% vs. 2.29% per patient-year; <i>p</i> = 0.534). Major bleeding was less frequent in the IDDVT group (1.55% vs. 4.53% per patient-year; <i>p</i> = 0.044). Comparable effectiveness and safety were observed with 15 and 30 mg/day rivaroxaban in the IDDVT group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term, low-dose rivaroxaban seems safe and effective for IDDVT treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 1","pages":"4-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10640389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitinol stents placed in iliac veins are not associated with prolonged back pain.","authors":"Chloe Snow,&nbsp;Sydney Pappas,&nbsp;Levan Sulakvelidze,&nbsp;Richard Kennedy,&nbsp;Sanjiv Lakhanpal,&nbsp;Peter J Pappas","doi":"10.1177/02683555221142710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02683555221142710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Endovascular stenting is the standard of care for the management of symptomatic chronic venous obstruction. The increased radial resistive force and longer lengths of Nitinol stents have led to questions over persistent post-operative back pain. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the incidence and severity of post-operative back pain of Nitinol stents compared to Wallstents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of data at the Center for Vascular Medicine was performed. Patient demographics, pre-operative, one week, three-, six,- and 12 month visual analog pain scores (VAS) for back pain, stent type, diameter, length, and vein locations were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From April 2014 to November 2021, 627 (412 women/215 men) patients were assessed for the presence of post-operative back pain after an initial iliac vein stent placement. Stents utilized were Wallstents (<i>n</i> = 114), Venovo (<i>n</i> = 342), and Abre (<i>n</i> = 171). The most common Nitinol stent diameter and lengths were 14 mm, 16 mm, and 120 mm, respectively (<i>p</i> ≤ .03). The incidence of back pain at one week was 66% (411/627). VAS scores at one week and one, three, and six months post-operatively were the following: Wallstents-2.6 ± 3 (<i>n</i> = 66), 1.7 ± 2.6 (<i>n</i> = 43) 0.7 ± 2 (<i>n</i> = 51), and 0 ± 0 (<i>n</i> = 27); Abre-3.5 ± 3 (<i>n</i> = 130), 3.8 ± 3 (<i>n</i> = 19), 1.2 ± 2.5 (<i>n</i> = 12), and 1 ± 2 (<i>n</i> = 5); and Venovo- 2.5 ± 3 (<i>n</i> = 216), 2.4 ± 3 (<i>n</i> = 70), 0.9 ± 2 (<i>n</i> = 68), and 0.6 ± 1.7 (<i>n</i> = 49). There was no difference in the severity of back pain at any time point (<i>p</i> ≥ .99). The development of back pain was unrelated to stent type, diameter, length, or covered vein territory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Post-operative back pain was observed in 66% of patients at one week. The average pain score at one week for the entire cohort was three, which declined to less than one at one month. No difference in the severity of back pain between groups was observed at any time point, and the development of back pain is unrelated to stent type, diameter, length, or covered vein territory.</p>","PeriodicalId":20139,"journal":{"name":"Phlebology","volume":"38 1","pages":"44-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10639144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}