Nayha Shetty, Rebecca L Quiñonez, Marissa S Ceresnie, Sunita Ghosh, Henry W Lim, Tasneem F Mohammad
{"title":"Adjunctive use of Polypodium leucotomos extract in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria: An exploratory study.","authors":"Nayha Shetty, Rebecca L Quiñonez, Marissa S Ceresnie, Sunita Ghosh, Henry W Lim, Tasneem F Mohammad","doi":"10.1111/php.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) and X-linked protoporphyria (XLP) cause severe photosensitivity, resulting in significant quality of life (QoL) impairment. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Polypodium leucotomos extract (PLE) as an adjunctive therapy in patients with persistent symptoms despite standard dosing of afamelanotide. In this prospective single-center cohort study, eight adults with confirmed EPP or XLP and ongoing symptoms despite regular afamelanotide implants every 2 months were enrolled. Participants received 480 mg oral PLE daily for 4 months. QoL and symptom severity were measured using questionnaires at baseline, Day 60, and Day 120. Six participants completed the study. Statistically significant improvements in QoL were observed on Day 60 (p = 0.014), but not at Day 120 (p = 0.152). Half of participants reported reduced reaction severity. No adverse events occurred. Adjunctive PLE improved short-term QoL in participants with incomplete symptom control on afamelanotide alone and was well tolerated. Larger studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaitlyn A Moore, Brian Schnoor, Kathryn L McNaughton, Idrisa Rahman, Benjamin D Powers, Dana M Roque, Huang-Chiao Huang
{"title":"Inhibition of P-glycoprotein using photoimmunotherapy in peritoneal metastasis mouse model.","authors":"Kaitlyn A Moore, Brian Schnoor, Kathryn L McNaughton, Idrisa Rahman, Benjamin D Powers, Dana M Roque, Huang-Chiao Huang","doi":"10.1111/php.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Up to 80%-90% of recurrent peritoneal metastasis cases exhibit resistance to multiple chemotherapy agents. A major contributor to this multidrug resistance is the active efflux of chemotherapeutics by P-glycoprotein (P-gp), also known as ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) transporter and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1). Clinical attempts to inhibit P-gp using small molecule inhibitors have been limited by systemic toxicity or poor tumor selectivity, underscoring the need for safer, targeted strategies. To address this challenge, we demonstrated, for the first time, that intraperitoneal photoimmunotherapy (PIT) using a photoimmunoconjugate (PIC) can inhibit the function of P-gp in a mouse model of peritoneal carcinomatosis. PIC was synthesized and characterized, and a sterile filtration protocol was implemented for its in vivo administration and intraperitoneal PIT application. To assess P-gp function following low-dose PIT, in vivo tumor cells were isolated and evaluated for intracellular accumulation of a well-established P-gp substrate (Rhodamine 123). PIC-PIT significantly increased intracellular Rhodamine 123 retention, indicating effective reduction of P-gp activity. This study provides the first in vivo evidence that PIT can inhibit P-gp function, offering a promising, targeted approach to overcoming chemoresistance while avoiding the systemic toxicity associated with conventional P-gp inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the disulfide bond positions in recombinant Gaussia luciferase expressed in Escherichia coli cells by site-directed mutagenesis.","authors":"Satoshi Inouye, Yuiko Sahara-Miura, Jun-Ichi Sato","doi":"10.1111/php.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gaussia luciferase (GLase) is a secreted enzyme composed of 168 amino acids, including 10 cysteine residues, and catalyzes the oxidation of coelenterazine to emit light. To evaluate the disulfide bond positions in GLase, we generated 10 cysteine-to-serine substituted GLase genes, in which each cysteine residue was replaced with a serine residue (C52S, C56S, C59S, C65S, C77S, C120S, C123S, C127S, C136S, and C148S), using site-directed mutagenesis. In both bacterial and mammalian expression systems, four disulfide bonds formed between eight cysteine residues (C52, C56, C65, C77, C123, C127, C136, and C148) were found to be essential for luminescence activity. In bacterial cells, the single mutants C59S and C120S, as well as the double mutant C59S/C120S, exhibited luminescence activities of 258%, 2.8%, and 42.8%, respectively, relative to wild-type GLase (100%). Notably, all three mutants could be efficiently refolded by dialysis after treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol. In mammalian cells, only the double mutant C59S/C120S was secreted and showed luminescence activity of 11% in the culture medium, relative to wild-type GLase (100%). By integrating previously reported NMR-based structural data of recombinant GLase purified from bacterial cells with our experimental findings, we conclude that GLase contains five disulfide bonds: C52-C127, C56-C123, C59-C120, C65-C77, and C136-C148, which are consistent with those reported in PDB ID: 7D2O.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"511-519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maressa D F de Souza, Pietro Ciancaglini, Rosangela Itri, Martha S Ribeiro
{"title":"Developing giant plasma membrane vesicles from Leishmania cells to investigate the role of membrane proteins in photodynamic inactivation.","authors":"Maressa D F de Souza, Pietro Ciancaglini, Rosangela Itri, Martha S Ribeiro","doi":"10.1111/php.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interest in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis has been rising, showing promising outcomes and good patient tolerance. In this study, we aimed to develop a protocol for producing giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) from Leishmania amazonensis promastigote cell membranes, focusing on the role of membrane-embedded proteins during methylene blue (MB) photooxidation with red light. Membrane extraction was achieved via centrifugation with various sucrose gradients. We then generated GPMVs by electroformation, applying different frequencies and voltages over four cycles, and examined them using phase contrast optical microscopy. For MB photooxidation, GPMVs were dispersed in an aqueous solution with 50 μM MB and exposed to 665 nm light at 830 μW. A comparable approach was used for mimetic membranes (giant unilamellar vesicles, GUVs) made of Leishmania membrane lipids. MB photoactivation in GUVs caused a transient increase in membrane area and full permeability. Conversely, GPMVs showed an earlier onset of contrast loss but exhibited less overall contrast reduction and no expansion, indicating that membrane proteins in GPMVs modulate the response to oxidative stress. Real-time monitoring revealed morphological changes in L. amazonensis promastigote cells consistent with apoptosis following photodynamic inactivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"480-488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kamrun Nahar, Serah Essang, Lloyd Lapoot, Alexander Greer
{"title":"Tandem singlet oxygenation: Regioselective reaction of two <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> molecules by a nonconjugated diprenyl phenol.","authors":"Kamrun Nahar, Serah Essang, Lloyd Lapoot, Alexander Greer","doi":"10.1111/php.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tandem reactions of singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) with nonconjugated natural products, such as plastoquinones, have attracted attention. However, mechanistic clarity is needed for the <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> uptake sequence and regioselectivity. Our strategy was to study a tandem <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> reaction in a diprenylated phenol (geranyl phenol) bearing an inner and an outer prenyl group in the chain. Singlet oxygen first added to the inner prenyl group by H-bonding to the phenol OH, forming a gem-disubstituted and a tri-substituted dienyl dihydrobenzofuran. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was also released as a by-product. A second equivalent of <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> added by an \"ene\" reaction, but now to the outer rather than the inner site of the nonconjugated diene to reach four hydroperoxy-dihydrobenzofurans. There was no evidence for <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> \"ene\" reactions on the inner prenyl sites, but product decomposition included the formation of oxygen-centered radicals and even methane by a β-scission process. The results are an essential step in resolving mechanistic puzzles of reactive oxygen uptake in natural prenylated systems, which are important topics not only in physical-organic and synthetic chemistry but also in plant oxidation chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"470-479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human adipose mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicles-delivered HSP27 alleviates UVB-induced photoaging.","authors":"Qianwen Zeng, Rentao Yu, Genlong Bai, Qian Wu, Bo Chen, Aijun Chen","doi":"10.1111/php.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin photoaging is a skin condition caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation, especially UVA and UVB, which leads to wrinkles, pigmentation, skin sagging, and telangiectasia. Histopathologically, it is characterized by a significant reduction in dermal collagen and abnormal accumulation of elastic fibers. Preventing or ameliorating photoaging may provide a promising therapeutic approach for these changes. In recent years, multiple studies have reported the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treating various skin diseases. Given that extracellular vesicles (EVs) can deliver diverse substances to receptor cells and produce therapeutic effects similar to parental cells, we aim to explore whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (AMSC-EVs) can improve skin photoaging by delivering heat shock protein 27 (HSP27). The specific effects of AMSC-EVs on the photoaging model of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) or human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaTs) induced by UVB irradiation were investigated through CCK-8 experiments, cell migration experiments, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. Our research found that AMSC-EVs improved the survival rate and migration ability of HDFs and HaCaTs after UVB irradiation, alleviated cell senescence, reduced DNA damage, inhibited the production of ROS, and promoted the remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM). Further research showed that after knocking down HSP27, the anti-aging/light protection ability of AMSC-EVs was significantly weakened. Overall, our data suggest that we have revealed the anti-photoaging effect of AMSC-EVs on HDFs and HaCaTs, which may be mediated by the delivery of HSP27.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"418-432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144744167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Targeting pain and inflammation: A comparative study of photobiomodulation with 532 and 660 nm lasers in rats.","authors":"Andréa Ribeiro Mattoso-Câmara, Juliana Zampoli Boava Papini, Marcos Aurélio Teixeira, Denise Nami Fujii, Giovana Radomille Tofoli, Aguinaldo Silva Garcez","doi":"10.1111/php.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) using 532 nm (green) and 660 nm (red) low-power lasers in an animal model of acute postoperative pain. Forty-five Wistar rats underwent a 1 cm surgical incision on the right hind paw and were randomly assigned to three groups: red laser (RL, 660 nm, 100 mW, 5 J, 167 J/cm<sup>2</sup>), green laser (GL, 532 nm, 70 mW, 4.97 J, 166 J/cm<sup>2</sup>), and control (LO, no irradiation). PBM was applied immediately and at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 24-h postsurgery, and pain levels were assessed using von Frey's electronic analgesimeter. Inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, CGRP, and Substance P) were measured by ELISA. Results showed that both RL and GL were significantly more effective than the control group in reducing pain and inflammation. RL provided superior analgesia, increasing pain tolerance to 690.54 ± 50.20 g at 24 h, reaching levels comparable to the non-incised paw (p < 0.001). GL demonstrated greater anti-inflammatory effects, significantly reducing TNF-α levels at 1 h (p < 0.05) and 24 h and maintaining lower IL-1β and CGRP levels. RL also modulated Substance P levels, correlating with its stronger analgesic effect. These findings suggest that RL is preferable for direct pain relief, while GL is more effective in modulating inflammatory responses. Given the statistically significant improvement in pain control and inflammatory marker modulation, PBM using these wavelengths could be a valuable adjunct therapy for postoperative pain management and enhanced healing in surgical patients. Future studies should explore synergistic PBM protocols combining both wavelengths to optimize clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"520-528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki, Masahiko Taniguchi, Jonathan S Lindsey
{"title":"Database of low-temperature absorption and fluorescence spectra of native photosynthetic tetrapyrrole macrocycles.","authors":"Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki, Masahiko Taniguchi, Jonathan S Lindsey","doi":"10.1111/php.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-temperature (77 K) absorption and fluorescence spectra of 12 naturally occurring photosynthetic tetrapyrrole macrocycles have been recorded in a frozen glass (2-methyltetrahydrofuran). The compounds encompass distinct chromophore classes: porphyrin, chlorophyll c<sub>2</sub>; chlorin, chlorophylls a, b, d, f and bacteriochlorophylls c, d, e, f; and bacteriochlorin, bacteriochlorophylls a, b, g. The spectra are compared with those of the same pigment in liquid solution (predominantly 2-methyltetrahydrofuran) at room temperature (293 K). The measured Stokes shifts at 77 K across the 12 macrocycles range from ~30 to 300 cm<sup>-1</sup>. The spectral data in digital form are made available as part of the PhotochemCAD databases. Literature searches have revealed extensive published data for Chl a (often in biological matrices) but at best rather limited data for less common macrocycles. The availability of a systematic collection of curated spectral data collected at low temperature should be useful for a variety of assessments, including reconstruction of absorption spectra of (bacterio)chlorophyll-containing protein complexes, vibrational analysis of absorption and fluorescence spectra, and calculations where knowledge of energy levels is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"457-469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yao Zhang, Shiming Zhang, Li Luo, Sansan Hu, Xujuan Huang, Yongzheng Chen
{"title":"CdS QDs@SiO<sub>2</sub> immobilized Rh for photo-metal synergistic catalysis of NADH recyclable regeneration.","authors":"Yao Zhang, Shiming Zhang, Li Luo, Sansan Hu, Xujuan Huang, Yongzheng Chen","doi":"10.1111/php.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using visible light to drive NADH regeneration is an economically viable and environmentally sustainable technique. However, it necessitates a metal hydride (MH, [CpRh(bpy)(H<sub>2</sub>O)]<sup>2+</sup>) as a synergist, and the high cost of the Rh noble metal significantly impedes the development and application of in-situ NADH regeneration. Therefore, in this study, single-atom Rh was immobilized onto the CdS QDs@SiO<sub>2</sub> combination via a consecutive ball-milling technique in combination with ionic layer adsorption and substitution. Subsequently, an enhanced photo-metal synergistic catalysis system for the recyclable regeneration of NADH was developed. In this composite, the single-atom Rh serves two main functions: It acts as an electrical medium and a metal catalyst, which regulates the activity and selectivity of the regenerated NADH. This study has successfully addressed the key scientific issues regarding the low electron transport rate and the recycling of the Rh noble metal during catalysis. Results confirm that single-atom Rh is successfully immobilized onto the CdS QDs@SiO<sub>2</sub> combination (Rh-CdS@SiO<sub>2</sub>) and exhibits a faster electron transport and enhanced selectivity. Under blue light (LED, 420 nm) irradiation, the Rh-CdS@SiO<sub>2</sub> photo-metal catalyst shows a 25-fold increase in recyclable operability and achieves a 68% regeneration yield of NADH in just 4 min. Moreover, (S)-(+)-4-phenyl-2-butanol can be obtained with the regenerated NADH as the coenzyme of P450 enzyme catalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"433-445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface to the special issue.","authors":"Huang Chiao Huang","doi":"10.1111/php.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}