{"title":"Pyrobacteriopheophorbide-a derivatives possessing various hydrophilic esterifying groups at the C17-propionate residues for photodynamic therapy.","authors":"Shin-Ichi Sasaki, Yuto Morioka, Kohta Maegawa, Yuya Katsuragi, Takashi Nakamura, Kazuo Kamemura, Hitoshi Tamiaki","doi":"10.1111/php.13995","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.13995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aiming at the application to photodynamic therapy, natural bacteriochlorophyll-a was converted to chemically stable free-base derivatives possessing different kinds of hydrophilic C17-propionate residues. These semi-synthetic bacteriochlorins were found to have self-assembling ability in an aqueous environment and formed stable J-type aggregates in a cell culture medium containing 0.2% DMSO. The electronic absorption spectra of all the sensitizers showed Q<sub>y</sub> absorption maxima at 754 nm in DMSO as their monomeric states, while a drastic shift of the red-most bands to ca. 880 nm was observed in the aqueous medium. The circular dichroism spectra in the medium showed much intense signals compared to those measured in DMSO, supporting the formation of well-ordered supramolecular structures. By introducing hydrophilic side chains, the bacteriochlorin sensitizers could be dispersed in the aqueous medium as their J-aggregates without the use of any surfactants. Cellular uptake efficiencies as well as photodynamic activities were evaluated using human cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells. Among the 11 photosensitizers investigated, the best result was obtained for a charged derivative possessing trimethylammonium terminal (17-CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>N<sup>+</sup>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>I<sup>-</sup>) and photocytotoxicity of EC<sub>50</sub> = 0.09 μM was achieved by far-red light illumination of 35 J/cm<sup>2</sup> from an LED panel (730 nm).</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"318-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ester Mazepa, Elizabeth Sousa Cunha, Hellen Paula Valerio, Paolo Di Mascio, Michel Batista, Fabricio Klerynton Marchini, Willian Vanderlei Meira, Guilhermina Rodrigues Noleto, Sheila Maria Brochado Winnischofer, Glaucia Regina Martinez
{"title":"Unveiling novel targets in melanoma under melanogenesis stimulation and photodynamic therapy by redox proteomics.","authors":"Ester Mazepa, Elizabeth Sousa Cunha, Hellen Paula Valerio, Paolo Di Mascio, Michel Batista, Fabricio Klerynton Marchini, Willian Vanderlei Meira, Guilhermina Rodrigues Noleto, Sheila Maria Brochado Winnischofer, Glaucia Regina Martinez","doi":"10.1111/php.13994","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.13994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanogenesis-stimulated B16-F10 cells enter in a quiescent state, present inhibited mitochondrial respiration and increased reactive oxygen species levels. These alterations suggest that these cells may be under redox signaling, allowing tumor survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate redox-modified proteins in B16-F10 cells after melanogenesis stimulation and rose bengal-photodynamic therapy (RB-PDT). A redox proteomics label-free approach based on the biotin switch assay technique with biotin-HPDP and N-ethylmaleimide was used to assess the thiol-oxidized protein profile. Aconitase was oxidized at Cys-448 and Cys-451, citrate synthase was oxidized at Cys-202 and aspartate aminotransferase (Got2) was oxidized at Cys-272 and Cys-274, exclusively after melanogenesis stimulation. After RB-PDT, only guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-2-like 1 (Gnb2l1) was oxidized (Cys-168). In contrast, melanogenesis stimulation followed by RB-PDT led to the oxidation of different cysteines in Gnb2l1 (Cys-153 and Cys-249). Besides that, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gapdh) presented oxidation at Cys-245, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (Ppia) was oxidized at Cys-161 and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase (Tyrp1) was oxidized at Cys-65, Cys-30, and Cys-336 after melanogenesis stimulation followed by RB-PDT. The redox alterations observed in murine melanoma cells and identification of possible target proteins are of great importance to further understand tumor resistance mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"302-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interventional human ocular safety experiments for 222-nm far-ultraviolet-C lamp irradiation.","authors":"Kazunobu Sugihara, Sachiko Kaidzu, Masahiro Sasaki, Masaki Tanito","doi":"10.1111/php.14016","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.14016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aimed to directly assess the ocular safety of 222-nm far-ultraviolet-C (UVC) irradiation in humans, given the limited clinical trials in this area. This wavelength offers the potential for safe and effective microbial inactivation in occupied spaces, but its safety profile for human eyes requires thorough investigation. This prospective, interventional study involved five subjects aged 29-47 years, who were exposed to 222-nm UVC at doses of 22, 50, and 75 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup>. The subjects were monitored using custom-made glasses with a UV-cut filter on one eye to serve as a control. UVC irradiation was conducted using a KrCl excimer lamp, and ocular examinations were performed prior to exposure, 24 h post-exposure, and at 1, 3, and 6 months. Parameters assessed included visual acuity, refractive error, corneal endothelial density, corneal erosion scores, and conjunctival hyperemia scores. The study found no clinically significant photokeratitis or long-term eye damage across the five subjects, even at the highest dose of 75 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup>. Temporary ocular discomfort, including sensations of dryness and epiphora, was reported, but these symptoms subsided within hours after irradiation. The findings indicate that 222-nm far-UVC irradiation up to 75 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> does not cause \"clinically significant photokeratitis\" or long-term ocular damage, though it may induce temporary discomfort. This supports the safe use of 222-nm UVC for germicidal applications in occupied environments, providing a basis for revised safety guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"517-526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiva Shirazian, Atieh Mohseni, Sara Pourshahidi, Mojgan Alaeddini, Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam, Mehdi Vatanpour
{"title":"The effect of different parameters of low-level laser used in the treatment of oral mucositis, on the viability and apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells: In vitro study.","authors":"Shiva Shirazian, Atieh Mohseni, Sara Pourshahidi, Mojgan Alaeddini, Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam, Mehdi Vatanpour","doi":"10.1111/php.13997","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.13997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral mucositis is a complication of chemo/radiotherapy. To assess the impact of various power levels of diode-laser on the survival and expression of apoptosis-related genes in oral cancer cells, it is crucial to consider the potential existence of malignant cells within the treatment region and the reliance of laser effectiveness on its specific characteristics. Cal-27 cells were cultivated and exposed to a 660 nm-diode-laser at power levels of 20, 40, and 80 mW, alongside non-irradiated control cells. Viability and expression of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA were assessed with Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium (MTT) and Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in viability was found only in the 20 mW group compared to controls (p = 0.001). Cell survival was significantly lower in cells receiving 20 mW laser than those treated with 40 and 80 mW (p < 0.05). None of the laser groups showed significant changes in BcL-2, but Bax was significantly lower in cells receiving 40 and 80 mW (p < 0.05), compared to controls. Laser irradiation at 660 nm (2 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, 30 s) significantly reduced the viability of oral cancer cells when using 20 mW power. These specifications align with the recommendation that the lowest possible laser dose should be applied for treating cancer patients. The exact mechanism of cell death following laser therapy with these specifications requires further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"330-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ednei Luiz Antonio, Helenita Antonia de Oliveira, Gianna Móes Albuquerque-Pontes, Ighor Luiz Azevedo Teixeira, Amanda Pereira Yoshizaki, Luis Felipe Neves Dos Santos, Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal-Junior, Paulo José Ferreira Tucci, Andrey Jorge Serra
{"title":"Examining the impact of varying low-level laser dose on cardiac failure.","authors":"Ednei Luiz Antonio, Helenita Antonia de Oliveira, Gianna Móes Albuquerque-Pontes, Ighor Luiz Azevedo Teixeira, Amanda Pereira Yoshizaki, Luis Felipe Neves Dos Santos, Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal-Junior, Paulo José Ferreira Tucci, Andrey Jorge Serra","doi":"10.1111/php.14012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.14012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been targeted as a promising tool that can mitigate post-infarction cardiac remodeling. However, there is no gold standard energy delivered to the heart and few studies have evaluated the impact of LLLT on cardiac performance. This study evaluated effects of repeated LLLT applications with different energies delivered to the infarcted myocardium. Echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements were applied to evaluate left ventricular (LV) performance in rats with large infarcts. ELISA, Western blot and biochemical assays were used to assess LV inflammation and oxidative stress. An 830-nm Laser Photon III semiconductor aluminum gallium arsenide diode (DMC, São Carlos, SP, Brazil) was applied transthoracically three times a week for 4 weeks based on the energy (i.e., 10J, 20J, and 40J; respectively). LLLT on 10J and 20J had a similar action in attenuating pulmonary congestion and myocardial fibrosis. Moreover, 10J and 20J attenuated LV end-diastolic pressure and improved +dP/dt and -dP/dt. All LLLT groups had lower levels of inflammatory mediators, but only the 10J group had normalized oxidative stress. All LLLT doses improved superoxide dismutase levels; however, only the 20J group showed a high content of the catalase. There was a lower level of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca<sup>2+</sup> ATPase 2a in the infarcted myocardium, which it was normalized in the 20J and 40J groups. A higher phospholamban content was found in the 10J group. This study supports the beneficial LLLT role post-infarction. Apparently, the 10J and 20J doses show to be chosen for clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"483-493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keyvan Khosh Abady, Negar Karpourazar, Arjun Krishnamoorthi, Runze Li, Peter M Rentzepis
{"title":"Spectroscopic analysis of bacterial photoreactivation.","authors":"Keyvan Khosh Abady, Negar Karpourazar, Arjun Krishnamoorthi, Runze Li, Peter M Rentzepis","doi":"10.1111/php.14019","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.14019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rise of bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance, spectroscopic devices originally developed for bacterial detection have shown promise to rapidly identify bacterial strains and determine the ratio of live to dead bacteria. However, the detection of the photoreactivated pathogens remains a critical concern. This study utilizes fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy to analyze bacterial responses to UV irradiation and subsequent photoreactivation. Our experimental results reveal limitations in fluorescence spectroscopy for detecting photoreactivated bacteria, as the intense fluorescence of tryptophan and tyrosine amino acids masks the fluorescence emitted by thymine molecules. Conversely, Raman spectroscopy proves more effective, showing a detectable decrease in band intensities of E. coli bacteria at 1248 and 1665 cm<sup>-1</sup> after exposure to UVC radiation. Subsequent UVA irradiation results in the partial restoration of these band intensities, indicating DNA repair and bacterial photoreactivation. This enhanced understanding aims to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of these spectroscopic tools in clinical and environmental settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"494-504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of low-dose UV-A in Caenorhabditis elegans during candidate bacterial infections.","authors":"Balasubramanian Chellammal Muthubharathi, Pandiarajan Kaarmegam Subalakshmi, Bynedi Sheshatri Chinna Mounish, Toleti Subba Rao, Krishnaswamy Balamurugan","doi":"10.1111/php.14009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.14009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultraviolet radiation is a non-ionizing radiation produced by longer wavelength energy sources with lower frequency and is categorized into UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C. Minimal exposure to this radiation has several health benefits, which include treating microbial contaminations and skin therapies. However, the antimicrobial action of low-dose UV-A during pathogenic bacterial infections is still unrevealed. In this study, the impact of low-dose UV-A as pre- or post-treatment using the model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans with candidate pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus) mediated infections was investigated. The results indicated enrichment of metabolites, reduced level of antioxidants, increased expression of dopamine biosynthesis and transportation, and decrease in serotonin biosynthesis when the organism was exposed to low-dose UV-A for 5 min. This, in turn, elevated the expression of candidate regulatory proteins involved in lifespan determination, innate immunity, and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), which appear to increase the lifespan and brood size of C. elegans during A. baumannii and S. aureus infections. The findings suggested that the low-dose UV-A treatment during A. baumannii and S. aureus infections prolonged the lifespan and increased the egg-laying capacity of C. elegans.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"404-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lily M Guidry, Londyn A Bardash, Aylin Yigiter, Satyam Ravi, Barbara Marchetti, Tolga N V Karsili
{"title":"The role of solar photolysis in the atmospheric removal of methacrolein oxide and the methacrolein oxide-water van-der Waals complex in pristine environments.","authors":"Lily M Guidry, Londyn A Bardash, Aylin Yigiter, Satyam Ravi, Barbara Marchetti, Tolga N V Karsili","doi":"10.1111/php.14007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.14007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biogenic hydrocarbons are emitted into the Earth's atmosphere by terrestrial vegetation as by-products of photosynthesis. Isoprene is one such hydrocarbon and is the second most abundant volatile organic compound emitted into the atmosphere (after methane). Reaction with ozone represents an important atmospheric sink for isoprene removal, forming carbonyl oxides (Criegee intermediates) with extended conjugation. In this manuscript, we argue that the extended conjugation of these Criegee intermediates enables electronic excitation of these compounds, on timescales that are competitive with their slow unimolecular decay and bimolecular chemistry. We show that the complexation of methacrolein oxide with water enhances the absorption cross section of the otherwise dark S<sub>1</sub> state, potentially revealing a new avenue for forming lower volatility compounds via tropospherically relevant photochemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"423-433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141879239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yannick Port-Lougarre, Guillaume Voegeli, Bertrand Vileno, Elena Giménez-Arnau
{"title":"Probing skin photoallergens in reconstructed human epidermis: An EPR spin trapping investigation.","authors":"Yannick Port-Lougarre, Guillaume Voegeli, Bertrand Vileno, Elena Giménez-Arnau","doi":"10.1111/php.14010","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.14010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photoallergic contact dermatitis is a skin disease caused by combined exposure to photoreactive chemicals and sunlight. Exposure to allergens and the risk of skin sensitization is an essential regulatory issue within the industry. Yet, only few non-validated assays for photoallergy assessment exist as the pathogenesis is not fully deciphered. Improving such assays and/or developing new ones require an understanding of the chemical mechanisms involved. The first key event in the photosensitization process, namely chemical binding of the photoallergen to endogenous proteins, is thought to proceed via photo-mediated radicals arising from the photoallergen. Moreover, the mechanism of action of these radicals if formed in the epidermis is not known and far from being unraveled. We present here an original proof-of-concept methodology to probe radical generation from allergens in contact with photoexposed skin, using electron paramagnetic resonance and spin trapping in a reconstructed human epidermis model mimicking real-life exposure scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":"275-281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}