Photochemistry and Photobiology最新文献_第2页

Advances in organic UV filters for sunscreens over the past decade. 在过去的十年里，用于防晒霜的有机紫外线过滤器取得了进展。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1111/php.70099

Gabriela Zanella Marcon, Maria Carolina Theisen, Andressa Motta Castro, Giovana Jones Radke, Fernando Fumagalli

{"title":"Advances in organic UV filters for sunscreens over the past decade.","authors":"Gabriela Zanella Marcon, Maria Carolina Theisen, Andressa Motta Castro, Giovana Jones Radke, Fernando Fumagalli","doi":"10.1111/php.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70099","url":null,"abstract":"Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major environmental factor in photoaging, erythema, and skin cancer, making sunscreens an essential strategy for photoprotection. Although currently approved organic UV filters exhibit proven efficacy, limitations related to photostability, insufficient coverage of the long UVA range, potential toxicological risks, and environmental impacts persist, restricting the approval of new molecules over the past decades. In this context, this review aimed to map and discuss the main structural trends of new organic UV filters reported in the literature between 2015 and 2025. Almost 500 compounds were selected and organized into three major categories: derivatives of or inspired by approved organic UV filters, natural product-based compounds, and miscellaneous. Overall, the analyzed studies demonstrate significant advances in the development of molecules with broad-spectrum UV absorption, particularly in the UVA range, improved photostability, and, in some cases, additional desirable properties such as antioxidant activity and reduced environmental impact. These findings highlight scientific progress in the field and reinforce the potential of these frameworks for the development of next-generation organic UV filters.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cancer-selective photoimmunotherapy spares T cells and NK cells and promotes antitumor immunity in an allogeneic human 3D culture model. 在异体人体3D培养模型中，癌症选择性光免疫疗法可以保护T细胞和NK细胞，并促进抗肿瘤免疫。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/php.70095

Rebecca C Harman, Ivonne Lozano, Kristiana Ramos, José Quilez-Alburquerque, Jacob Gagnon, Samantha Cheung, Nicholas Otero, Aden Johnson-Shoucair, Eric M Kercher, John E Harris, Imran Rizvi, Shari Pilon-Thomas, Heiko Enderling, Tayyaba Hasan, Bryan Q Spring

{"title":"Cancer-selective photoimmunotherapy spares T cells and NK cells and promotes antitumor immunity in an allogeneic human 3D culture model.","authors":"Rebecca C Harman, Ivonne Lozano, Kristiana Ramos, José Quilez-Alburquerque, Jacob Gagnon, Samantha Cheung, Nicholas Otero, Aden Johnson-Shoucair, Eric M Kercher, John E Harris, Imran Rizvi, Shari Pilon-Thomas, Heiko Enderling, Tayyaba Hasan, Bryan Q Spring","doi":"10.1111/php.70095","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70095","url":null,"abstract":"Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a lethal disease typically diagnosed at a late stage. There is an urgent need for treatment modalities that eliminate microscopic metastatic deposits missed by standard therapies while simultaneously engaging antitumor immunity. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has demonstrated immune-enhancing effects, including photodynamic priming (PDP), wherein sublethal photodynamic stress remodels the tumor microenvironment to facilitate immune activation and infiltration. Here, we investigate cancer-targeted photoimmunotherapy (PIT), a molecularly targeted form of PDT, as a strategy to build upon and potentially enhance PDP by selectively depleting cancer cells while preserving immune effectors critical to antitumor responses. Using a 3D Matrigel dome model incorporating human ovarian cancer spheroids and allogeneic immune cells, we establish a broadly accessible imaging and analysis pipeline based on fluorescent labeling and 3D confocal microscopy to quantify cancer and immune cell viability. In this system, the presence of T cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells enhances cancer depletion following PIT, consistent with stimulation of an antitumor immune response. Importantly, PIT spares significantly more T cells and NK cells compared to untargeted PDT and cetuximab at equivalent concentrations. PIT reduces spheroid size while preserving effector immune populations within the tumor microenvironment. Together, these findings suggest that targeted PIT may extend the immune-modulatory foundations established for PDT and PDP, offering a strategy to simultaneously eradicate residual tumor deposits and promote antitumor immune priming in EOC.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147521695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydroxyaldehyde and formyl photoproducts of protoporphyrin IX formed under photodynamic diagnosis and therapy irradiation conditions. 原卟啉IX在光动力诊断和治疗照射条件下形成羟醛和甲酰基光产物。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1111/php.70097

Sochi J Ogbonna, Katsuyoshi Masuda, Hisanao Hazama

{"title":"Hydroxyaldehyde and formyl photoproducts of protoporphyrin IX formed under photodynamic diagnosis and therapy irradiation conditions.","authors":"Sochi J Ogbonna, Katsuyoshi Masuda, Hisanao Hazama","doi":"10.1111/php.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70097","url":null,"abstract":"Photoproducts of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) may have diagnostic and therapeutic relevance in photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), as they possess fluorescence and photosensitizing properties and could serve as a complementary dosimetry index alongside photosensitizer photobleaching. Consequently, a detailed characterization of these photoproducts is necessary for exploring their potential application in PDD and PDT. Further, understanding the processes of photobleaching and photoproduct formation will be useful for diagnosis and treatment planning in PDD and PDT. In this study, the formation of four photoproducts previously observed from the irradiation of PpIX-dimethyl ester was extended to investigate their formation from PpIX. PpIX in solution was irradiated at 405 and 635 nm, wavelengths relevant to PDD and PDT, and the formation of the photoproducts was analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Hydroxyaldehyde and formyl photoproducts, and their isomeric forms, were identified, and their fold increases were evaluated under different irradiation conditions. Although the physicochemical properties of photoproducts depend on the environment, this solution-based study provides fundamental understanding of the photochemical reaction of PpIX and its photoproducts under clinically relevant irradiation conditions and may aid studies aimed at exploiting photoproducts for improved dosimetry and therapeutic outcomes in PDD and PDT.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147521713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depth of DNA photodamage in human corneas exposed to 222 nm or 254 nm UV. 222 nm和254 nm紫外线对人角膜DNA光损伤深度的影响。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-23 DOI: 10.1111/php.70093

Manuela Buonanno, Istvan R Boldogh, Raabia Hashmi, Camryn Petersen, David Welch, Theresa C Swayne, David J Brenner

{"title":"Depth of DNA photodamage in human corneas exposed to 222 nm or 254 nm UV.","authors":"Manuela Buonanno, Istvan R Boldogh, Raabia Hashmi, Camryn Petersen, David Welch, Theresa C Swayne, David J Brenner","doi":"10.1111/php.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70093","url":null,"abstract":"Within the ultraviolet C (UVC) spectrum, the wavelengths in the 200-235 nm range, here named far-UVC, have been shown to effectively inactivate a variety of pathogens. Because of their limited penetration in biological materials, far-UVC wavelengths are anticipated to be minimally damaging to human skin and eyes. The germicidal efficacy of these wavelengths combined with a predicted low health hazard for humans suggests that far-UVC sources could operate continuously in indoor locations to reduce the risk of transmission of airborne diseases among occupants. While it is well-established that exposure to far-UVC light is minimally damaging to skin, concerns remain on the safety of exposed eyes. Scientific bodies overseeing UV radiation protection recommend eye safety limits based on published peer-reviewed data. To support this goal, our previous work used a 3D model of the human cornea to assess the wavelength dependence of corneal damage induced by UVC radiation; unlike relatively longer wavelengths, far-UVC wavelengths induced DNA dimers only in the uppermost layers of the corneal epithelium. Here, similar eye safety studies were extended to excised human corneas. The depth of DNA photodamage into the corneal epithelium was evaluated after exposure of the anterior surface to 50 mJ/cm2 or 100 mJ/cm2 from 222 nm or 254 nm light.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of photobiomodulation on inflammatory factors during skeletal muscle regeneration: A systematic review with meta-analysis of animal studies. 光生物调节对骨骼肌再生过程中炎症因子的影响：动物研究荟萃分析的系统综述。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/php.70092

Jia-Ming Yang, Fang Liu, Zeng-Cheng Ai, Hao Hu, Ze-Qin Li, Yan-Biao Zhong, Hua-Chao Luo, Hai Li, Wen-Juan Wu, Xin-Ye Ouyang, Mao-Yuan Wang

{"title":"Effects of photobiomodulation on inflammatory factors during skeletal muscle regeneration: A systematic review with meta-analysis of animal studies.","authors":"Jia-Ming Yang, Fang Liu, Zeng-Cheng Ai, Hao Hu, Ze-Qin Li, Yan-Biao Zhong, Hua-Chao Luo, Hai Li, Wen-Juan Wu, Xin-Ye Ouyang, Mao-Yuan Wang","doi":"10.1111/php.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70092","url":null,"abstract":"Skeletal muscle injury is a common sports injury and photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been recognized as a potential treatment for it. However, the optimal intervention timing for PBM to suppress inflammatory factor expression during muscle regeneration remains unclear. The study is a systematic review with meta-analysis to summarize the effect of PBM on the expression levels of inflammatory factors during skeletal muscle regeneration in animals. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched to obtain the studies about the effects of PBM on the inflammatory factors during muscle regeneration in animals. Two authors independently extracted the data, and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool was used to assess the risk of bias for the included studies. Review manager 5.4 software was used to analyze the data, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. A total of 18 studies were included in this study. The results show that PBM treatment reduces levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 during skeletal muscle regeneration, especially in the early stage of skeletal muscle injury (6 and 12 h), but its effects on IL-4 and IL-10 need to be validated in higher-quality studies. In conclusion, PBM therapy primarily reduces inflammatory factor levels in the early stage of skeletal muscle injury, thereby accelerating skeletal muscle regeneration.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic cytotoxic activity on breast cancer cells by tetrahydroxyquinone and photothermal therapy. 四羟基醌与光热疗法对乳腺癌细胞的协同细胞毒活性。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/php.70089

Ximena A Flores-Arevalo, M Eduardo Cano, Zaira López, Antonio Topete, Francisco A Cholico, Nayeli Saraí Melendez-Checa, Rodolfo Hernandez-Gutierrez, Peter Knauth

{"title":"Synergistic cytotoxic activity on breast cancer cells by tetrahydroxyquinone and photothermal therapy.","authors":"Ximena A Flores-Arevalo, M Eduardo Cano, Zaira López, Antonio Topete, Francisco A Cholico, Nayeli Saraí Melendez-Checa, Rodolfo Hernandez-Gutierrez, Peter Knauth","doi":"10.1111/php.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70089","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the potential synergistic antineoplastic activity of tetrahydroxyquinone (THQ) in combination with photothermal therapy using gold nanoshells (AuNSHs) as photosensitizers and applying NIR light at 808 nm has been analyzed. To synthesize the AuNSHs, a core of PLGA and PVA was coated with oligochitosan, which was then mixed with a solution of gold seeds. The core-shell particles were obtained by a seeded-growth process in the presence of K-gold and ascorbic acid. These gold structures underwent an Ostwald ripening process and were subsequently PEGylated to increase their biocompatibility and colloidal stability. The diameter of these AuNSHs has an average of 131 ± 10 nm, a zeta potential of -20 ± 1 mV at physiological pH, a hydrodynamic diameter of 188 ± 2 nm, and a power absorption density of up to 93 W/cm3. Cell biology assays, using BT-474 breast cancer cell line, revealed a negligible decrease in metabolic activity when the cells were exposed to up to 1 mg/mL AuNSH, 100 μg/mL THQ or were irradiated for 15 min with an optical power (OP) of 2.0 W. The simultaneous administration of 1 mg/mL AuNSH and 100 μg/mL THQ reduced the cell viability only by ~17%. However, when following a photothermal therapy (AuNSH irradiated an OP of 2.0 W), 100 μg/mL THQ were added to the cells, their viability decreased significantly by ~61%, indicating a synergistic effect of the treatment. Using the Annexin V assay, it could be revealed that the majority of cells underwent apoptosis and only few died by necrosis.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147444746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photoprotective potential of gadusol against ultraviolet B radiation in melanocytes. gadusol对黑色素细胞紫外线B辐射的光保护作用。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/php.70090

Andressa Mai Matsumoto, Rocío Isla Naveira, Andy Joel Taipe Huisa, Marcelo Augusto Germani Marinho, Lais Zortéa, José María Monserrat, Agueda Elena Massa, María Sandra Churio, Ana Paula de Souza Votto

{"title":"Photoprotective potential of gadusol against ultraviolet B radiation in melanocytes.","authors":"Andressa Mai Matsumoto, Rocío Isla Naveira, Andy Joel Taipe Huisa, Marcelo Augusto Germani Marinho, Lais Zortéa, José María Monserrat, Agueda Elena Massa, María Sandra Churio, Ana Paula de Souza Votto","doi":"10.1111/php.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70090","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing incidence of skin cancer, including melanoma, combined with the need for ultraviolet (UV) filters that are safe for human health and marine ecosystems, is driving the search for new photoprotective agents. Gadusol, a natural metabolite present in marine organisms, has been identified as a compound capable of absorbing UV radiation and exerting antioxidant functions. In this study, we investigated the photoprotective effects of gadusol on non-tumorigenic murine melanocyte cell line exposed to UVB radiation. Cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion, and parameters of cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and proliferation were also analyzed. The results showed that gadusol (50 μM) did not exhibit cytotoxicity and, when administered during exposure to 15 and 30 mJ/cm2 of UVB, protected cells against reduced cell viability and viable cell count. Furthermore, gadusol also protected against apoptosis, attenuated ROS production, and maintained the proliferative rate at levels similar to the control, even under high UVB doses (30 mJ/cm2). We conclude that gadusol exerts effective photoprotective action, attenuating the effects of UVB radiation on melanocytes without compromising cell viability or proliferation. These findings reinforce the potential of gadusol as a safe, effective, and environmentally sustainable alternative for skin photoprotection applications.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spectral characterization of three wearable electronic ultraviolet radiation dosimeters. 三种可穿戴电子紫外辐射剂量计的光谱特性。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1111/php.70085

Leevi August, Gregor Hülsen, Juha Peltoniemi, Petri Kärhä, Erkki Ikonen

{"title":"Spectral characterization of three wearable electronic ultraviolet radiation dosimeters.","authors":"Leevi August, Gregor Hülsen, Juha Peltoniemi, Petri Kärhä, Erkki Ikonen","doi":"10.1111/php.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70085","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation poses significant public health risks, including DNA damage and skin-related pathologies. This necessitates accurate studies and quantification of UV-radiation exposure. Various wearable UV dosimeters have been developed to address these needs, particularly for outdoor workers. For measuring erythemal irradiance, recommendations from the World Meteorological Organization exist but standardized methods for characterization and calibration of wearable UV dosimeters are currently limited. At Aalto University and at Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, three commercial electronic UV dosimeters were evaluated for their spectral responsivities using conventional measurement methods and traceability chains. The first device closely mimicked erythemal action in UV-A and UV-B regions. Two of the measured devices were found to have a higher relative responsivity of over 0.9 in the 300 nm to 310 nm range. Results were used to calculate correction factors for measuring erythemal radiance at varying solar zenith angles and ozone levels under cloud-free conditions. Typical correction factors ranged from 0.98 to 1.2. The results of the two laboratories were in good agreement for the most accurate device but deviated due to the properties of the two other devices. The measurements revealed challenges posed by these devices in terms of data management, measurement times, and deployment, highlighting the need for standardized characterization methods.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement and modeling of diffuse ultraviolet radiation: A review. 漫射紫外线辐射的测量和建模：综述。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1111/php.70084

Alfio V Parisi, Joanna Turner, Abdurazaq Amar, Damien P Igoe, Peter Schouten, Nawin Raj, Nathan Downs, Harry Butler

{"title":"Measurement and modeling of diffuse ultraviolet radiation: A review.","authors":"Alfio V Parisi, Joanna Turner, Abdurazaq Amar, Damien P Igoe, Peter Schouten, Nawin Raj, Nathan Downs, Harry Butler","doi":"10.1111/php.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70084","url":null,"abstract":"The ultraviolet (UV) radiation environment consists of direct UV and diffuse UV components. The ratios of diffuse-to-direct UV for the UVB, UVA, and the erythema UV wavebands are influenced by clouds, aerosols, albedo, and surface reflectance, Rayleigh scattering, and solar zenith angle. At times, the relative proportion of diffuse UV may be higher than the direct UV, for example, on cloudy days or days with high atmospheric aerosols. Consequently, exposures due to diffuse UV radiation play a significant role in the UV exposure received by human subjects. Diffuse UV radiation contributes to the risk of skin cancer and sun-related eye disorders. Reducing personal exposure to diffuse UV by physical protection, including tree shade, purpose-built shade structures, protection by hats, and eyewear, is more difficult than reducing direct UV exposure due to the diffuse UV being incident from all directions. The UV index reported to the public represents the sum of the direct and the diffuse erythema UV, with no information provided specifically on the diffuse UV component. This paper reviews the factors that contribute to diffuse UV exposures affecting human populations. It examines diffuse UV modeling techniques, and broadband and spectral component measurements.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Singlet oxygen generation from secondary photoproducts of benzo[a]pyrene. 苯并[a]芘次生光产物产生单线态氧。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Photochemistry and Photobiology Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1111/php.70082

David A Cagan, Nareh Ghevondian, Julia Montoya-Aguilera, Michael Zitser, Jonathan Avina, Dianlu Jiang, Dong Zhang, Olaseni Sode, Krishna L Foster, Matthias Selke

{"title":"Singlet oxygen generation from secondary photoproducts of benzo[a]pyrene.","authors":"David A Cagan, Nareh Ghevondian, Julia Montoya-Aguilera, Michael Zitser, Jonathan Avina, Dianlu Jiang, Dong Zhang, Olaseni Sode, Krishna L Foster, Matthias Selke","doi":"10.1111/php.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70082","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated the photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen (1Δg) from a variety of diones derived from benzo[a]pyrene (1), namely benzo[a]pyrene (6,12) dione (2), benzo[a]pyrene (1,6) dione (3), benzo[a]pyrene (3,6) dione (4), and benzo[a]pyrene (4,5) dione (5). The diones 2-4 are formed in the atmosphere as secondary photoproducts from benzo[a]pyrene. Benzo[a]pyrene (4,5) dione (5) was additionally selected for this study due to its much larger dipole moment relative to the other diones. All of these diones are excellent sensitizers with quantum yields of singlet oxygen generation (ΦΔ) ranging from 0.77 to near unity. Singlet oxygen appears to be generated primarily from the triplet excited state. Quantum yields were measured in four solvents with different polarity. The singlet oxygen quantum yield for benzo[a]pyrene decreases with increasing polarity of the solvent. By contrast, the values for ΦΔ for the diones 2-5 increase slightly with increasing polarity of the solvent. Unlike substituted anthracene derivatives, all of the diones 2-5 show very little singlet oxygen quenching, as singlet oxygen lifetimes showed no decrease compared with the literature values when diones 2-5 were used for singlet oxygen generation. The large singlet oxygen quantum yields for diones 2-5, and the lack of singlet oxygen quenching implies that, in the presence of these compounds in the environment, photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen generation could be significant.","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0