Physical Review Applied最新文献_第2页

Unidirectional spin waves measured using propagating-spin-wave spectroscopy 利用传播自旋波光谱学测量单向自旋波

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034040

G.Y. Thiancourt, S.M. Ngom, N. Bardou, T. Devolder

引用次数: 0

Shrinking a gradient-index-lens antenna system with a spaceplate 用空间板缩小梯度指数透镜天线系统

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034039

Michal Mrnka, Thomas Whittaker, David B. Phillips, Euan Hendry, Will Whittow

{"title":"Shrinking a gradient-index-lens antenna system with a spaceplate","authors":"Michal Mrnka, Thomas Whittaker, David B. Phillips, Euan Hendry, Will Whittow","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034039","url":null,"abstract":"The miniaturization of optical systems is an ongoing challenge across the electromagnetic spectrum. While the thickness of optical elements themselves can be reduced using advances in metamaterials, it is the voids between these elements—which are necessary parts of an optical system—that occupy most of the volume. Recently, a novel optical element coined a “spaceplate” has been proposed, which replaces a region of free space with a thinner optical element that emulates the free-space optical response function—thus having the potential to substantially shrink the volume of optical systems. While there have been a few proof-of-principle demonstrations of spaceplates, they have not yet been deployed in a real-world optical system. In this work, we use a bespoke-designed spaceplate to reduce the length of a gradient-index- (GRIN) lens microwave antenna. Our antenna is designed to operate at 23.5 GHz and the incorporation of a nonlocal metamaterial spaceplate enables the distance between the antenna feed and the GRIN lens to be reduced by almost a factor of 2. We find that the radiation patterns from a conventional and space-squeezed antenna are very similar, with a very low cross-polarization, and only a minor increase in the side-lobe levels when introducing the spaceplate. Our work represents a demonstration of a spaceplate integrated into a real-world optical system operating in microwave spectral region, highlighting the potential for this concept to reduce the physical size of systems in applications including imaging, spectroscopy, radar, and communications.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of helium-ion implantation on 3C-SiC nanomechanical string resonators 氦离子植入对 3C-SiC 纳米机械弦谐振器的影响

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034036

Philipp Bredol, Felix David, Nagesh S. Jagtap, Yannick S. Klaß, Georgy V. Astakhov, Artur Erbe, Eva M. Weig

{"title":"Effect of helium-ion implantation on 3C-SiC nanomechanical string resonators","authors":"Philipp Bredol, Felix David, Nagesh S. Jagtap, Yannick S. Klaß, Georgy V. Astakhov, Artur Erbe, Eva M. Weig","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034036","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid quantum devices enable novel functionalities by combining the benefits of different subsystems. Particularly, point defects in nanomechanical resonators made of diamond or silicon carbide (SiC) have been proposed for precise magnetic field sensing and as versatile quantum transducers. However, the realization of a hybrid system may involve trade-offs in the performance of the constituent subsystems. In a spin-mechanical system, the mechanical properties of the resonator may suffer from the presence of engineered defects in the crystal lattice. This may severely restrict the performance of the resulting device and needs to be carefully explored. Here we focus on the impact of defects on high-<math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>Q</mi></math> nanomechanical string resonators made of prestressed <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mn>3</mn><mi>C</mi></math>-SiC grown on Si(111). We use helium-ion implantation to create point defects and study their accumulated effect on the mechanical performance. Using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, we present a method to determine Young’s modulus and the prestress of the strings. We find that Young’s modulus is not modified by implantation. Under implantation doses relevant for single-defect or defect-ensemble generation, both tensile stress and damping rate also remain unaltered. For a higher implantation dose, both exhibit a characteristic change.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Directional emission of a readout resonator for qubit measurement 用于测量量子比特的读出谐振器的定向发射

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034035

Alec Yen, Yufeng Ye, Kaidong Peng, Jennifer Wang, Gregory Cunningham, Michael Gingras, Bethany M. Niedzielski, Hannah Stickler, Kyle Serniak, Mollie E. Schwartz, Kevin P. O’Brien

{"title":"Directional emission of a readout resonator for qubit measurement","authors":"Alec Yen, Yufeng Ye, Kaidong Peng, Jennifer Wang, Gregory Cunningham, Michael Gingras, Bethany M. Niedzielski, Hannah Stickler, Kyle Serniak, Mollie E. Schwartz, Kevin P. O’Brien","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034035","url":null,"abstract":"We propose and demonstrate transmission-based dispersive readout of a superconducting qubit using an all-pass resonator, which preferentially emits readout photons toward the output. This is in contrast to typical readout schemes, which intentionally mismatch the feedline at one end so that the readout signal preferentially decays toward the output. We show that this intentional mismatch creates scaling challenges, including larger spread of effective resonator linewidths due to nonideal impedance environments and added infrastructure for impedance matching. A future architecture using multiplexed all-pass readout resonators would avoid the need for intentional mismatch and potentially improve the scaling prospects of quantum computers. As a proof-of-concept demonstration of “all-pass readout,” we design and fabricate an all-pass readout resonator that demonstrates insertion loss below 1.17 dB at the readout frequency and a maximum insertion loss of 1.53 dB across its full bandwidth for the lowest three states of a transmon qubit. We demonstrate qubit readout with an average single-shot fidelity of 98.1% in 600 ns; to assess the effect of larger dispersive shift, we implement a shelving protocol and achieve a fidelity of 99.0% in 300 ns.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced signal-to-noise ratio in magnonic logic gates via dipole coupling 通过偶极耦合提高磁子逻辑门的信噪比

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034037

Ryunosuke Hayashi, Shoki Nezu, Koji Sekiguchi

引用次数: 0

Exploring the topological sector optimization on quantum computers 探索量子计算机上的拓扑扇区优化

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034031

Yi-Ming Ding, Yan-Cheng Wang, Shi-Xin Zhang, Zheng Yan

{"title":"Exploring the topological sector optimization on quantum computers","authors":"Yi-Ming Ding, Yan-Cheng Wang, Shi-Xin Zhang, Zheng Yan","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034031","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization problems are the core challenge in many fields of science and engineering, yet general and effective methods for finding optimal solutions remain scarce. Quantum computing has been envisioned to help solve such problems, with methods like quantum annealing (QA), grounded in adiabatic evolution, being extensively explored and successfully implemented on quantum simulators such as D-Wave’s annealers and some Rydberg arrays. In this work, we investigate the topological sector optimization (TSO) problem, which has attracted particular interest in the quantum simulation and many-body physics community. We reveal that the topology induced by frustration in the optimization model is an intrinsic obstruction for QA and other traditional methods to approach the ground state. We demonstrate that the difficulties of the TSO problem are not restricted to the gaplessness, but are also due to the topological nature, which was often ignored for the analysis of optimization problems before. To solve TSO problems, we utilize quantum imaginary-time evolution (QITE) with a possible realization on quantum computers, which leverages the property of quantum superposition to explore the full Hilbert space and can thus address optimization problems of topological nature. We report the performance of different quantum optimization algorithms on TSO problems and demonstrate that their capabilities to address optimization problems are distinct even when considering the quantum computational resources required for practical QITE implementations.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"300 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microscale fiber-integrated vector magnetometer with on-tip field biasing using N-V ensembles in diamond microcrystals 利用金刚石微晶中的 N-V 组合实现尖端场偏压的微尺度光纤集成矢量磁力计

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034029

Jonas Homrighausen, Frederik Hoffmann, Jens Pogorzelski, Peter Glösekötter, Markus Gregor

{"title":"Microscale fiber-integrated vector magnetometer with on-tip field biasing using N-V ensembles in diamond microcrystals","authors":"Jonas Homrighausen, Frederik Hoffmann, Jens Pogorzelski, Peter Glösekötter, Markus Gregor","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034029","url":null,"abstract":"In quantum sensing of magnetic fields, ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond offer high sensitivity, high bandwidth and outstanding spatial resolution while operating in harsh environments. Moreover, the orientation of defect centers along four crystal axes forms an intrinsic coordinate system, enabling vector magnetometry within a single diamond crystal. While most vector magnetometers rely on a known bias magnetic field for full recovery of three-dimensional (3D) field information, employing external 3D Helmholtz coils or permanent magnets results in bulky, laboratory-bound setups, impeding miniaturization of the device. Here, a novel approach is presented that utilizes a fiber-integrated microscale coil at the fiber tip to generate a localized uniaxial magnetic field. The same fiber-tip coil is used in parallel for spin control by combining dc and microwave signals in a bias tee. To implement vector magnetometry using a uniaxial bias field, the orientation of the diamond crystal is preselected and then fully characterized by rotating a static magnetic field in three planes of rotation. The measurement of vector magnetic fields in the full solid angle is demonstrated with a shot-noise-limited sensitivity of <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mn>19.4</mn><mspace width=\"0.2em\"></mspace><msup><mtext>nT/Hz</mtext><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math> and microscale spatial resolution while achieving a fiber sensor head cross section of less than <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mn>1</mn><mspace width=\"0.2em\"></mspace><msup><mtext>mm</mtext><mn>2</mn></msup></math>.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transport properties of interface-type analog memristors 界面型模拟忆阻器的传输特性

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034028

Sahitya V. Vegesna, Venkata Rao Rayapati, Heidemarie Schmidt

{"title":"Transport properties of interface-type analog memristors","authors":"Sahitya V. Vegesna, Venkata Rao Rayapati, Heidemarie Schmidt","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034028","url":null,"abstract":"Interface-type, analog memristors have quite a reputation for real-time applications in edge sensorics, edge computing, and neuromorphic computing. The <i>n</i>-type conducting <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msub><mrow><mi>Bi</mi><mi>Fe</mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></math> (BFO) is such an interface-type, analog memristor, which is also nonlinear and can therefore not only store, but also process data in the same memristor cell without data transfer between the data-storage unit and the data-processing unit. Here we present a physical memristor model, which describes the hysteretic current-voltage curves of the BFO memristor in the small and large current-voltage range. Extracted internal state variables are reconfigured by the ion drift in the two write branches and are determining the electron transport in the two read branches. Simulation of electronic circuits with the BFO interface-type, analog memristors was not possible so far because previous physical memristor models have not captured the full range of internal state variables. We show quantitative agreement between modeled and experimental current-voltage curves exemplarily of three different BFO memristors in the small and large current-voltage ranges. Extracted dynamic and static internal state variables in the two full write branches and in the two full read branches, respectively, can be used for simulating electronic circuits with BFO memristors, e.g., in edge sensorics, edge computing, and neuromorphic computing.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetic induction sensor based on a dual-frequency atomic magnetometer 基于双频原子磁力计的磁感应传感器

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034030

Hengyan Wang, Michael Zugenmaier, Kasper Jensen, Wenqiang Zheng, Eugene S. Polzik

引用次数: 0

Trojan-horse attack on a real-world quantum key distribution system: Theoretical and experimental security analysis 对真实世界量子密钥分发系统的木马攻击：理论与实验安全分析

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034032

Ivan S. Sushchev, Daniil S. Bulavkin, Kirill E. Bugai, Anna S. Sidelnikova, Dmitriy A. Dvoretskiy

{"title":"Trojan-horse attack on a real-world quantum key distribution system: Theoretical and experimental security analysis","authors":"Ivan S. Sushchev, Daniil S. Bulavkin, Kirill E. Bugai, Anna S. Sidelnikova, Dmitriy A. Dvoretskiy","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034032","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a theoretical and experimental demonstration of a security analysis of a Trojan-horse attack (THA) on a real-world quantum key distribution (QKD) system. We show that the upper bound on the information leakage depends solely on the fidelity between the states of the adversary. We find the lower bound for fidelity between THA states in both the polarization- and phase-coding BB84 protocols, considering both pure and mixed states. Our bounds depend only on the mean photon number per pulse available to an adversary. We also present an experimental analysis of a QKD system, including optical time-domain reflectometry measurements with centimeter resolution and spectral transmittance measurements for optical defense elements ranging from 1100 to 1800 nm with a noise floor lower than <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mo>−</mo><mn>100</mn></math> dB. Finally, by considering the optimal attack, we obtain the value of the mean photon number per pulse available to an adversary and calculate the key leakage that needs to be eliminated during the privacy amplification procedure.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0