Physical Review Applied最新文献_第2页

Optically accelerated extreme learning machine using hot atomic vapors 利用热原子蒸汽的光学加速极端学习机

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034041

Pierre Azam, Robin Kaiser

{"title":"Optically accelerated extreme learning machine using hot atomic vapors","authors":"Pierre Azam, Robin Kaiser","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034041","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning is becoming a widely used technique with impressive growth due to the diversity of problems of societal interest for which it can offer practical solutions. This increase of applications and required resources start to become limited by present-day hardware technologies. Indeed, novel machine learning subjects such as large language models or high-resolution image recognition raise the question of large computing time and energy cost of the required computation. In this context, optical platforms have been designed for several years with the goal of developing more efficient hardware for machine learning. Among different explored platforms, optical free-space propagation offers various advantages: parallelism, low energy cost, and computational speed. Here, we present a new design combining the strong and tunable nonlinear properties of a light beam propagating through a hot atomic vapor with an extreme learning machine model. We numerically and experimentally demonstrate the enhancement of the training using such free-space nonlinear propagation on an MNIST image classification task. We point out different experimental hyperparameters that can be further optimized to improve the accuracy of the platform.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spin-orbit-locked coupling of localized microwaves to magnons 局部微波与磁子的自旋轨道锁定耦合

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034042

Chengyuan Cai, Zubiao Zhang, Ji Zou, Gerrit E. W. Bauer, Tao Yu

{"title":"Spin-orbit-locked coupling of localized microwaves to magnons","authors":"Chengyuan Cai, Zubiao Zhang, Ji Zou, Gerrit E. W. Bauer, Tao Yu","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034042","url":null,"abstract":"We address the photonic spin-orbit coupling known from nano-optics and plasmonics in the microwave regime. The spin <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">S</mi></mrow></math> and momentum <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">q</mi></mrow></math> of microwaves emitted by an excited magnetic particle are locked by <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">q</mi></mrow><mo>⋅</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">S</mi></mrow><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math> with a fixed chirality <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mover><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">n</mi></mrow><mo stretchy=\"false\">^</mo></mover></mrow><mo>⋅</mo><mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mo><mrow><mover><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">S</mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">^</mo></mover></mrow><mo>×</mo><mrow><mover><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">q</mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">^</mo></mover></mrow><mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math> when evanescent along <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mover><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">n</mi></mrow><mo stretchy=\"false\">^</mo></mover></mrow><mo>⊥</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"bold\">q</mi></mrow></math>. This field excites magnons in a nearby magnetic film in the form of directional beams that rotate with the magnetization direction. The exchange of these magnons between two distant nanomagnets leads to a highly tunable strong coupling and entangles their excited states.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toolbox for nonreciprocal dispersive models in circuit quantum electrodynamics 电路量子电动力学非互易色散模型工具箱

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034038

Lautaro Labarca, Othmane Benhayoune-Khadraoui, Alexandre Blais, Adrian Parra-Rodriguez

{"title":"Toolbox for nonreciprocal dispersive models in circuit quantum electrodynamics","authors":"Lautaro Labarca, Othmane Benhayoune-Khadraoui, Alexandre Blais, Adrian Parra-Rodriguez","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034038","url":null,"abstract":"We provide a systematic method for constructing effective dispersive Lindblad master equations to describe weakly anharmonic superconducting circuits coupled by a generic dissipationless nonreciprocal linear system, with effective coupling parameters and decay rates written in terms of the immittance parameters characterizing the coupler. This article extends the foundational work of Solgun <i>et al.</i> [IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. 67, 928 (2019)] for linear reciprocal couplers described by an impedance response. Notably, we expand the existing toolbox to incorporate nonreciprocal elements, account for direct stray coupling between immittance ports, circumvent potential singularities, and include collective dissipative effects that arise from interactions with external common environments. We illustrate the use of our results with a circuit of weakly anharmonic Josephson junctions coupled to a multiport nonreciprocal environment and a dissipative port. The results obtained here can be used for the design of complex superconducting quantum processors with nontrivial routing of quantum information, as well as analog quantum simulators of condensed matter systems.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shrinking a gradient-index-lens antenna system with a spaceplate 用空间板缩小梯度指数透镜天线系统

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034039

Michal Mrnka, Thomas Whittaker, David B. Phillips, Euan Hendry, Will Whittow

{"title":"Shrinking a gradient-index-lens antenna system with a spaceplate","authors":"Michal Mrnka, Thomas Whittaker, David B. Phillips, Euan Hendry, Will Whittow","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034039","url":null,"abstract":"The miniaturization of optical systems is an ongoing challenge across the electromagnetic spectrum. While the thickness of optical elements themselves can be reduced using advances in metamaterials, it is the voids between these elements—which are necessary parts of an optical system—that occupy most of the volume. Recently, a novel optical element coined a “spaceplate” has been proposed, which replaces a region of free space with a thinner optical element that emulates the free-space optical response function—thus having the potential to substantially shrink the volume of optical systems. While there have been a few proof-of-principle demonstrations of spaceplates, they have not yet been deployed in a real-world optical system. In this work, we use a bespoke-designed spaceplate to reduce the length of a gradient-index- (GRIN) lens microwave antenna. Our antenna is designed to operate at 23.5 GHz and the incorporation of a nonlocal metamaterial spaceplate enables the distance between the antenna feed and the GRIN lens to be reduced by almost a factor of 2. We find that the radiation patterns from a conventional and space-squeezed antenna are very similar, with a very low cross-polarization, and only a minor increase in the side-lobe levels when introducing the spaceplate. Our work represents a demonstration of a spaceplate integrated into a real-world optical system operating in microwave spectral region, highlighting the potential for this concept to reduce the physical size of systems in applications including imaging, spectroscopy, radar, and communications.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unidirectional spin waves measured using propagating-spin-wave spectroscopy 利用传播自旋波光谱学测量单向自旋波

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034040

G.Y. Thiancourt, S.M. Ngom, N. Bardou, T. Devolder

引用次数: 0

Effect of helium-ion implantation on 3C-SiC nanomechanical string resonators 氦离子植入对 3C-SiC 纳米机械弦谐振器的影响

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034036

Philipp Bredol, Felix David, Nagesh S. Jagtap, Yannick S. Klaß, Georgy V. Astakhov, Artur Erbe, Eva M. Weig

{"title":"Effect of helium-ion implantation on 3C-SiC nanomechanical string resonators","authors":"Philipp Bredol, Felix David, Nagesh S. Jagtap, Yannick S. Klaß, Georgy V. Astakhov, Artur Erbe, Eva M. Weig","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034036","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid quantum devices enable novel functionalities by combining the benefits of different subsystems. Particularly, point defects in nanomechanical resonators made of diamond or silicon carbide (SiC) have been proposed for precise magnetic field sensing and as versatile quantum transducers. However, the realization of a hybrid system may involve trade-offs in the performance of the constituent subsystems. In a spin-mechanical system, the mechanical properties of the resonator may suffer from the presence of engineered defects in the crystal lattice. This may severely restrict the performance of the resulting device and needs to be carefully explored. Here we focus on the impact of defects on high-<math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>Q</mi></math> nanomechanical string resonators made of prestressed <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mn>3</mn><mi>C</mi></math>-SiC grown on Si(111). We use helium-ion implantation to create point defects and study their accumulated effect on the mechanical performance. Using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, we present a method to determine Young’s modulus and the prestress of the strings. We find that Young’s modulus is not modified by implantation. Under implantation doses relevant for single-defect or defect-ensemble generation, both tensile stress and damping rate also remain unaltered. For a higher implantation dose, both exhibit a characteristic change.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Directional emission of a readout resonator for qubit measurement 用于测量量子比特的读出谐振器的定向发射

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034035

Alec Yen, Yufeng Ye, Kaidong Peng, Jennifer Wang, Gregory Cunningham, Michael Gingras, Bethany M. Niedzielski, Hannah Stickler, Kyle Serniak, Mollie E. Schwartz, Kevin P. O’Brien

{"title":"Directional emission of a readout resonator for qubit measurement","authors":"Alec Yen, Yufeng Ye, Kaidong Peng, Jennifer Wang, Gregory Cunningham, Michael Gingras, Bethany M. Niedzielski, Hannah Stickler, Kyle Serniak, Mollie E. Schwartz, Kevin P. O’Brien","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034035","url":null,"abstract":"We propose and demonstrate transmission-based dispersive readout of a superconducting qubit using an all-pass resonator, which preferentially emits readout photons toward the output. This is in contrast to typical readout schemes, which intentionally mismatch the feedline at one end so that the readout signal preferentially decays toward the output. We show that this intentional mismatch creates scaling challenges, including larger spread of effective resonator linewidths due to nonideal impedance environments and added infrastructure for impedance matching. A future architecture using multiplexed all-pass readout resonators would avoid the need for intentional mismatch and potentially improve the scaling prospects of quantum computers. As a proof-of-concept demonstration of “all-pass readout,” we design and fabricate an all-pass readout resonator that demonstrates insertion loss below 1.17 dB at the readout frequency and a maximum insertion loss of 1.53 dB across its full bandwidth for the lowest three states of a transmon qubit. We demonstrate qubit readout with an average single-shot fidelity of 98.1% in 600 ns; to assess the effect of larger dispersive shift, we implement a shelving protocol and achieve a fidelity of 99.0% in 300 ns.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced signal-to-noise ratio in magnonic logic gates via dipole coupling 通过偶极耦合提高磁子逻辑门的信噪比

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034037

Ryunosuke Hayashi, Shoki Nezu, Koji Sekiguchi

引用次数: 0

Exploring the topological sector optimization on quantum computers 探索量子计算机上的拓扑扇区优化

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034031

Yi-Ming Ding, Yan-Cheng Wang, Shi-Xin Zhang, Zheng Yan

{"title":"Exploring the topological sector optimization on quantum computers","authors":"Yi-Ming Ding, Yan-Cheng Wang, Shi-Xin Zhang, Zheng Yan","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034031","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization problems are the core challenge in many fields of science and engineering, yet general and effective methods for finding optimal solutions remain scarce. Quantum computing has been envisioned to help solve such problems, with methods like quantum annealing (QA), grounded in adiabatic evolution, being extensively explored and successfully implemented on quantum simulators such as D-Wave’s annealers and some Rydberg arrays. In this work, we investigate the topological sector optimization (TSO) problem, which has attracted particular interest in the quantum simulation and many-body physics community. We reveal that the topology induced by frustration in the optimization model is an intrinsic obstruction for QA and other traditional methods to approach the ground state. We demonstrate that the difficulties of the TSO problem are not restricted to the gaplessness, but are also due to the topological nature, which was often ignored for the analysis of optimization problems before. To solve TSO problems, we utilize quantum imaginary-time evolution (QITE) with a possible realization on quantum computers, which leverages the property of quantum superposition to explore the full Hilbert space and can thus address optimization problems of topological nature. We report the performance of different quantum optimization algorithms on TSO problems and demonstrate that their capabilities to address optimization problems are distinct even when considering the quantum computational resources required for practical QITE implementations.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"300 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microscale fiber-integrated vector magnetometer with on-tip field biasing using N-V ensembles in diamond microcrystals 利用金刚石微晶中的 N-V 组合实现尖端场偏压的微尺度光纤集成矢量磁力计

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review Applied Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034029

Jonas Homrighausen, Frederik Hoffmann, Jens Pogorzelski, Peter Glösekötter, Markus Gregor

{"title":"Microscale fiber-integrated vector magnetometer with on-tip field biasing using N-V ensembles in diamond microcrystals","authors":"Jonas Homrighausen, Frederik Hoffmann, Jens Pogorzelski, Peter Glösekötter, Markus Gregor","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034029","url":null,"abstract":"In quantum sensing of magnetic fields, ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond offer high sensitivity, high bandwidth and outstanding spatial resolution while operating in harsh environments. Moreover, the orientation of defect centers along four crystal axes forms an intrinsic coordinate system, enabling vector magnetometry within a single diamond crystal. While most vector magnetometers rely on a known bias magnetic field for full recovery of three-dimensional (3D) field information, employing external 3D Helmholtz coils or permanent magnets results in bulky, laboratory-bound setups, impeding miniaturization of the device. Here, a novel approach is presented that utilizes a fiber-integrated microscale coil at the fiber tip to generate a localized uniaxial magnetic field. The same fiber-tip coil is used in parallel for spin control by combining dc and microwave signals in a bias tee. To implement vector magnetometry using a uniaxial bias field, the orientation of the diamond crystal is preselected and then fully characterized by rotating a static magnetic field in three planes of rotation. The measurement of vector magnetic fields in the full solid angle is demonstrated with a shot-noise-limited sensitivity of <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mn>19.4</mn><mspace width=\"0.2em\"></mspace><msup><mtext>nT/Hz</mtext><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math> and microscale spatial resolution while achieving a fiber sensor head cross section of less than <math display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mn>1</mn><mspace width=\"0.2em\"></mspace><msup><mtext>mm</mtext><mn>2</mn></msup></math>.","PeriodicalId":20109,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review Applied","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0