Plant Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Phosphoinositide-specific Phospholipase C 2 (SlPLC2) Facilitates Vesicle Formation and Modulates Immune Signaling in Tomato Phytophthora infestans Interactions.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag758","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"202 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDS1 Links SA Biosynthesis to Leaf Senescence via PBS3","authors":"Jinyu He,Wei Li,Yunsheng Yang,Yuanli Wang,Pradeepa C G Bandaranayake,Libo Zhang,Ming Chang","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag744","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jasmonic acid-mediated starch degradation regulates male fertility in cucumber.","authors":"Ning Wen, Yao Lu, Peiqi Wang, Zhijing Xu, Dan Qiao, Fei Liang, Chen Chen, Chunqi Zhai, Xiaohua Qi, Xuehao Chen, Bing Hua","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag646","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) are typically monoecious, with both male and female flowers developing on the same plant. Successful fertilization relies on the synchronized release of pollen from the anthers of male flowers and its subsequent germination on the stigma of female flowers. However, the coordinated regulatory mechanisms underlying these processes remain largely unknown. Here, we show that treatment with the JA biosynthesis inhibitor dihydrocoumarin significantly suppresses both anther dehiscence and pollen germination, indicating that JA signaling may regulate male fertility in cucumber. Loss-of-function mutations in the JA receptor COI1 or the JA-signaling transcription factors MYC2a/MYC2b completely abolish anther dehiscence, resulting in complete male sterility. Mechanistic analyses reveal that MYC2a and MYC2b directly bind to the promoters of multiple amylases, including BAM1, BAM5, and AMY3, and activate their transcription. Consistently, loss-of-function alleles of BAM1, BAM5, and AMY3 severely compromise anther dehiscence. Starch degradation in the anther produces substantial quantities of soluble sugars, which are actively transported out from anther; the osmotic potential triggers water outflow from anther, ultimately resulting in anther dehydration and precise dehiscence, as well as pollen release. Collectively, these results demonstrate that JA-mediated starch catabolism serves as a dual-functional regulatory hub: it supplies both the osmotic driving force for anther dehiscence and the metabolic substrates essential for early pollen development. This pathway thus coordinately governs male fertility in cucumber. Our findings identify COI1, MYC2a/MYC2b, and the amylases BAM1, BAM5, and AMY3 as high-priority genetic targets for engineering male sterility and optimizing hybrid seed production in Cucurbitaceae crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-type-specific glutamine synthetase inhibition reveals the intercellular nitrogen economy in\u0000 Anabaena\u0000 sp. PCC 7120","authors":"David Malatinszky,Mattia Storti,Enrique Flores,Patrik Jones,Giorgio Perin","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag745","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nitrogen homeostasis in heterocyst-forming filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria depends on the coordination between two cell types: heterocysts, which fix atmospheric N2, and vegetative cells, which carry out oxygenic photosynthesis. Yet the cell-type-specific contribution of glutamine synthetase (GS), the central enzyme of nitrogen assimilation, to this coordination remains poorly understood. We used cell-type-specific overexpression of IF7A, the GS post-translational inhibitor, in both wild-type Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 and Δamt genetic backgrounds, the latter lacking the high-affinity ammonium transporters (Amt) responsible for NH4+ uptake, to dissect the contribution of each cell type to the nitrogen economy of the filament. Whole-filament GS inhibition caused photosynthetic impairment, disruption of the NtcA–PII–PipX signalling axis and growth arrest, establishing GS in vegetative cells as rate-limiting for filament growth. Heterocyst-targeted GS inhibition triggered accumulation of the nitrogen storage polymer cyanophycin, revealing that heterocyst GS governs the routing of fixed nitrogen either towards distribution or storage. Both phenotypes were amplified in the Δamt background. Using pharmacological inhibition of GS with ammonium excretion measurements, we demonstrate that Amt transporters recover nitrogen lost by passive NH3 diffusion under diazotrophic conditions, and that their absence renders the internal nitrogen economy chronically more vulnerable to GS inhibition. In natural nitrogen-limited environments, where diazotrophic cyanobacteria cannot compensate for passive nitrogen loss through external uptake, this recycling function is critical for nitrogen fixation efficiency. Overall, our findings redefine the architecture of intercellular nitrogen homeostasis in filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria, establishing GS and Amt transporters as interdependent determinants of intercellular nitrogen retention, distribution and storage.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant organelle division orchestrated by the mosaic machinery of endosymbiotic relics and eukaryotic host factors.","authors":"Joanna Lee, Hiruni Weerasooriya, Cheng Chen, Jianping Hu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag698","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastids retain the imprint of their cyanobacterial ancestry by dividing primarily through binary fission. This process is executed by elaborate division machinery that has continued to evolve since endosymbiosis. Early identification and characterization of the Arabidopsis accumulation and replication of chloroplasts (arc) mutants paved the way for the molecular dissection of the plastid division apparatus, whose components have both prokaryotic ancestral and eukaryotic host origins. Molecular and cell biological studies revealed that plastid division operates through interdependent interactions among the Min-system positioning factors, the stromal FtsZ ring, envelope-associated ARC6, PARC6, and PDV proteins, and cytosolic ARC5/DRP5B proteins, which act in concert to position the division site and drive plastid separation under developmental and environmental regulation. Comparisons with mitochondrial and peroxisomal proliferation unveil shared division factors among these metabolically connected organelles. Insights into plant organelle division may inform strategies for the manipulation of organelle abundance to improve crop quality and resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional ultrastructural analysis of fertilization-defective Arabidopsis mutants using scanning transmission electron microscopy and array tomography.","authors":"Megumi Iwano, Makoto Horii, Hitomi Ichikawa, Ari Yoshimura, Fumiko Ishizuna, Tatsuya Awano, Tatsuya Katsuno, Kazuhiro Aoyama, Kaoru Mitsuoka, Tomoko Igawa, Toshiyuki Mori, Takayuki Kohchi, Seiji Takayama","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag683","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Double fertilization in angiosperms is completed by the fusion of 2 sperm cells with the egg and central cells. While sperm membrane proteins such as GEX2, DMP8/9, and GCS1/HAP2 have been identified as key regulators of gamete attachment and fusion, their specific ultrastructural roles within the embryo sac have remained unclear owing to the technical limitations of live-cell imaging based on fluorescent markers. Here, we optimized high-pressure freezing and freeze-substitution protocols for Arabidopsis pistils and performed 3-dimensional reconstructions using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and array tomography. We identified an electron-dense, partially thickened structure at the apical region of the egg cell before pollination. This structure disappeared following wild-type fertilization, suggesting it serves as a specialized \"docking site\" to accommodate pollen-tube contents and facilitate subsequent gamete interactions. Comparative analysis of fertilization mutants revealed distinct functional stages in the gamete-fusion process. In gex2 mutants, sperm cells failed to establish robust connections when positioned at the lateral side of the egg cell, confirming the requirement of GEX2 for initial attachment. In contrast, dmp8 dmp9 double mutant sperm cells facing each other were observed, exhibiting a more distant position from the egg surface, suggesting that DMP8/9 is involved in maintaining stable membrane adhesion before fusion. Furthermore, although gcs1 sperm cells maintained intimate contact and displayed membrane thinning, they failed to undergo final fusion. Our findings demonstrate that STEM and array tomography are powerful tools for visualizing gamete dynamics, providing an integrated model of the transition from stable adhesion to membrane fusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streptophyte algae and terrestrialization: breaking down the fundamental challenges from an ECM perspective.","authors":"David S Domozych","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag307","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The successful conquest of land by ancient streptophyte algae is closely related to the structural features and functional roles of their extracellular matrix and associated evolutionary innovations. Terrestrialization 500+ million years ago required adaptation to multiple and novel abiotic and biotic stressors. The establishment of a sessile habit, which encompasses adhesion, likely required special cell surface components like arabinogalactan protein-like macromolecules. The secretion of polysaccharide-rich extracellular polymeric substance provided multiple services, including the establishment of a platform for interactions with surrounding microorganisms (ie, biofilms). Protection against harmful UV radiation likely included production of phenolic compounds, cuticular components, and sporopollenin. Innovations to the various components of the cell wall contributed to the evolution of multicellularity and large thallus sizes, water retention, defense, wound response, and interactions with surrounding microorganisms. Yet we are only in an infancy stage in understanding how specific cell wall components contributed to the invasion of land by streptophyte algae. Future studies are needed that encompass much larger taxonomic screening, detailed glycomics and proteomics, mining of biosynthetic pathways, and comprehensive analyses of cell wall integrity, especially in response to abiotic and biotic stressors of terrestrial habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148016678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DeepEffector: a protein language model-driven deep learning framework for effector prediction in fungi and oomycetes.","authors":"Tao Li, Qianlin Meng, Danyang Wang, Fangzheng Hu, Rui Zhang, Xue Chi, Juanjuan Li, Tianpeng Wang, Hong Li","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag691","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crop diseases caused by fungal and oomycete pathogens threaten sustainable agricultural production, and the efficient identification of pathogen effectors is essential for understanding virulence mechanisms and developing disease-resistant crops. However, the rapid evolutionary diversification of effectors often obscures conserved motifs, limiting the effectiveness of conventional computational approaches and making experimental prioritization challenging. To address this, we developed DeepEffector, a high-precision predictor for fungal and oomycete effector identification. DeepEffector leverages protein language models (ProtT5 for fungi and esm1b for oomycetes) to generate functional semantic embeddings, integrates G-SMOTE to mitigate class imbalance in the latent feature space, and employs a hybrid multihead self-attention and convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture to capture both global contextual dependencies and local functional patterns. Benchmarking on independent test sets showed that DeepEffector outperformed state-of-the-art tools, providing a reliable high-confidence candidate list to reduce downstream experimental screening. Its practical utility was further evaluated in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4, the causal agent of destructive banana Fusarium wilt. Four prioritized candidates were experimentally confirmed to be secreted proteins, localized to host-relevant subcellular compartments, and significantly suppress Bax-induced programmed cell death, supporting their potential roles as immune-suppressing effector candidates. DeepEffector is available as a user-friendly web server (https://deepeffector.hainanu.edu.cn/), offering an accessible pipeline to accelerate effector discovery and support crop protection research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148983340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IQ domain protein CsSUN interacts with the calmodulin protein CsCaM11 to regulate fruit length of cucumber.","authors":"Tingting Zhang, Ni Han, Pengfei Li, Jing Zhang, Qiongzhi Zhang, Lina Wang, Shuxia Chen","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag621","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit length is an important fruit quality that greatly influences the preference of consumers, but the underlying genetic mechanism regulating the fruit length in cucumber remains unclear. In this study, the candidate gene CsSUN about the major QTL FS1.1 was cloned based on the near-isogenic lines (NILs) sun161 and SUN162. CsSUN had a 161-bp deletion in the first exon, giving rise to frameshift mutation and translation termination in the round-shape fruit of cucumber lines. The fruit length decreased by 38% to 46% when CsSUN was knocked out using CRISPR/Cas9 method in cucumber. The calcium ion levels in sun161 fruits were significantly (15.2%) higher than those in SUN162. The calmodulin gene CsCaM11 was highly negatively correlated with fruit length through the regulatory networks involving the fruit length development of the NILs. To identify the function of CsCaM11, the yeast 2-hybrid was carried out: CsCaM11 interacted with CsSUN, and fruit length decreased by 5.0% to 7.5% compared with WT when CsCaM11 was overexpressed in cucumber, while fruit length increased by 17.9% compared with WT when Cscam11 was knocked out. Further double-mutant cam11sun phenotypic analysis and subcellular co-localization of the 2 genes were performed, which revealed that CsCaM11 was epistatic to CsSUN and that the interaction between them altered the subcellular distribution of CsCaM11. A model was established and elucidated that CsSUN positively regulated the fruit elongation, and CsCaM11 suppressed the fruit elongation by interacting with CsSUN protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haplotype-resolved genome assembly of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) provides insights into terpenoid biosynthesis pathway.","authors":"Haidong Chen, Yi Liu, Liwei Gao, Chen Tan, Bo Zhu, Daozong Chen","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag752","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag752","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}