Physiology international最新文献

{"title":"Testosterone in long-term sedentary aging males: Effect of antiaging strategies.","authors":"Khaled A Abdel-Sater","doi":"10.1556/2060.2024.00486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2060.2024.00486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physical activity can provide health benefits if done regularly and of sufficient duration and intensity. The World Health Organization recommends adults do 150-300 min of moderate-intensity activity per week, 75-150 min of vigorous-intensity activity, or an equivalent combination.Physical inactivity is the fourth leading cause of early death globally, with 31% of the world's population not getting enough physical activity. Aging is defined by rapid decline in physical activity, loss of mobility, and premature morbidity.Low testosterone levels in men decline from 30 to 40 years of age, and this continues until death. Antiaging strategies, such as caloric restriction, balanced diet, regular exercise, weight management, diabetes control, and smoking cessation can prevent and treat aging-related diseases. Exercise significantly boosts testosterone production, with levels varying based on type, frequency, volume, intensity, and duration. It increases muscle steroidogenesis, total testosterone, and free testosterone in the elderly. Testosterone replacement therapy in elderly men improves physical function, strength, protein synthesis, cholesterol, bone density, sexual desire, erectile function, and overall cognition. However, some studies suggest dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation may provide health improvements without negative effects, potentially reversing arterial aging and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Senolytic therapeutics focus on cellular senescence, and stem cell transplantation investigates the therapeutic potential of older stem cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION NOTE TO: The effects of sericin in recovering spermatogenesis and sexual hormone levels in diabetic rats.","authors":"A Olfati, F Martínez-Pastor","doi":"2060.106.2019.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/2060.106.2019.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":"111 4","pages":"363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION NOTE TO: The effects of sericin in recovering spermatogenesis and sexual hormone levels in diabetic rats.","authors":"A Olfati, F Martínez-Pastor","doi":"10.1556/2060.106.2019.0001","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2060.106.2019.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":"363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38096479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sesamol protects against LPS-induced inflammation in rat peritoneal macrophages by promoting SIRT1-induced repression of NF-κB.","authors":"Aparna Nandakumaran Sakunthala, Aswani Sukumaran Sreedevi, Mithra Sudha Mohan, Boban Puthenpura Thankappan, Saja Kamalamma","doi":"10.1556/2060.2024.00432","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2060.2024.00432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sesamol, a polyphenolic compound isolated from roasted sesame seeds exhibits significant anti-inflammatory effect, but the molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Peritoneal macrophages play a pivotal role in the control of infections and inflammatory pathologies and are also found in injured tissues along with resident macrophages. The present study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of sesamol and the molecular mechanisms involved, particularly the role of sesamol in modulating SIRT1- and SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of NF-κB p65 using in vivo activated peritoneal macrophages.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>Sprague Dawley rats were injected with LPS to induce inflammation and sesamol was intraperitoneally administered to study its anti-inflammatory effect. ELISA and real time PCR were used to study the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Effects of sesamol on iNOS and COX-2 were studied with activity assays and ELISA. ICAM-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expressions were analysed by ELISA, RT PCR and zymography. Western blot analysis was performed to determine p65 acetylation. Nuclear translocation of p65 was evaluated by ELISA. The gene and protein expression of SIRT1 was analysed with ELISA and real time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sesamol downregulated the expression of proinflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2, TLR-4, ICAM-1 and MMP-9 in rat peritoneal macrophages. Additionally, sesamol upregulated SIRT1expression and attenuated the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 by promoting its deacetylation. Inhibition of SIRT1 by its specific inhibitor EX527 diminished the inhibitory effect of sesamol on TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, EX527 reduced the suppressive impact of sesamol on p65 acetylation and subsequent nuclear translocation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of sesamol involves upregulation of SIRT-1, leading to the downregulation of the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 through its deacetylation. Therefore, the dietary bioactive compound sesamol shows potential as a promising strategy for preventing inflammatory diseases by modulating SIRT1 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":"321-338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hungarian adaptation of the functional status questionnaire: Examination of validity and reliability.","authors":"István Zsenák, Alexandra Makai, Melinda Járomi","doi":"10.1556/2060.2024.00398","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2060.2024.00398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the international literature, several questionnaires measuring everyday activities are known with the aim of examining patients' quality of life. In the Hungarian language, few validated questionnaires focus on daily activities, examining both basic and moderately difficult physical activity, as well as mental health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our goal was to translate the Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ) into Hungarian and examine its reliability and validity.The validation of the questionnaire into Hungarian followed the six-step principle formulated in 2000. In our cross-sectional study, 376 participants took part. For convergent validity, we used the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) questionnaires. The examination of internal consistency was performed through Cronbach's alpha calculations. Test-retest reliability within the class was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). We conducted discriminant validity for pain and general health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Internal consistency values demonstrated reliability. Participants' demographic data showed that the majority live in cities and have secondary education. The individuals included in the study exhibited unusually high levels of sports activity compared to the Hungarian average. Convergent validity examinations revealed significant relationships between dimensions of health-related quality of life of the different measurement tools.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The validated Hungarian questionnaire is valid and reliable. Similar to the original questionnaire, it is quickly and easily completed, allowing healthcare professionals in clinical settings to assess the patient's functional status before initiating examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":"298-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of results of radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer.","authors":"Péter Trauttwein, Tibor Major, Zoltán Takácsi-Nagy","doi":"10.1556/2060.2024.00439","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2060.2024.00439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking and alcohol consumption remain the two most important risk factors for the development of oropharyngeal tumours, but there is an increasing number of younger patients (age <50 years) with human papillomavirus (HPV) association origin, also known as positivity. The role of radiotherapy (RT) in the treatment of this disease is paramount.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the radiotherapy results for oropharyngeal tumours and to search for prognostic parameters that influence the response of these malignant lesions to radio-chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>95 patients underwent definitive radio- or radio-chemotherapy (RCT) for histologically squamous cell, oropharyngeal carcinoma at our Institute between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020, of which 51 (54%) received the latter. The mean age was 61.9 years (37-82 years) and the male-female ratio was 69:26. The average total dose was 69 Gy (range: 54-70 Gy).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 5-year local control (LC), cancer-specific survival (CCS), and overall survival (OS) calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method were 71, 69, and 58%, respectively. Forty-four cases (46%) were confirmed to have HPV involvement. HPV positive (+) tumours showed significantly better behaviour compared to HPV negative (-) cases in LC, CCS and OS. Smoking had a significant negative effect on cure rates: LC, CCS and OS were better in non-smokers. A significant negative effect of smoking on survival was also observed in HPV-associated cases. For HPV- lesions, RCT had a stronger effect on LC than RT alone (64 vs 43%, P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HPV-associated malignancies show better survival outcomes to radio ± chemotherapy than their HPV- counterparts. In all cases, smoking worsens the response to treatment. For HPV- tumours, chemotherapy with radiation, compared to irradiation alone, has a more significant effect on survival outcomes, whereas for HPV+ tumours this effect is less pronounced.</p>","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":"312-320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory system mechanics during noninvasive proportional assist ventilation: A model study.","authors":"Yuqing Chen, Yueyang Yuan, Hai Zhang, Feng Li, Xingwang Li","doi":"10.1556/2060.2024.00453","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2060.2024.00453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the accuracies of airway resistance (Raw) and compliance (Crs) calculations using the expiratory time constant (RCexp) method as well as the accuracy of Pmus estimation in obstructive lung models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Respironics V60 ventilator was connected to an active lung simulator. The driving pressure was maintained at 5-10 cmH2O and positive end-expiration pressure (PEEP) was 5 cmH2O. Maximal Pmus, estimated based on equations of motion and respiratory mechanical properties, was calculated by the RCexp method to derive respiratory system compliance (Crs) and inspiratory (Rinsp) and expiratory (Rexp) resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During PAV, the assist proportion was adjusted to 55% and 40% with Pmus of 5 and 10 cmH2O, respectively. Pmus measurement errors were <20% of the preset values in most lung conditions. In the active lung model with PAV, an overestimation of Raw was found in the normal resistance condition, and Rinsp was underestimated in the severe obstructive model (P < 0.01). Crs was overestimated significantly except in the severe obstructive model at a Pmus of 10 cmH2O (all P < 0.01). Using the RCexp method, the target of ≤20% between the calculated and preset values in airway resistance was achieved in most obstructive models at a Pmus of 5 cmH2O.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RCexp method might provide real-time assessments of respiratory mechanics (elastance and resistance) in the PAV mode. With low inspiratory effort, the estimation error was acceptable (<20%) in most obstructive lung models.</p>","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":"339-350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic capacity of healthy young men associated with muscle oxygen extraction rate of the vastus lateralis muscle.","authors":"Hiromichi Takeda, Kazuyuki Tabira, Wakana Yamamoto, Koume Matsuoka, Jun Horie","doi":"10.1556/2060.2024.00424","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2060.2024.00424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The determinants of aerobic capacity are oxygen delivery by the cardiopulmonary system and oxygen extraction by the skeletal muscles. However, the impact of the oxygen extraction capacity of the skeletal muscle is unclear. This study aimed to examine the associations between aerobic capacity; muscle strength, endurance, mass, and quality; and oxygen extraction capacity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven healthy young men (mean age, 20.7 ± 0.8 years; body mass index, 21.6 ± 3.2 kg m-2) were recruited. The following parameters were determined: peak work rate (WR) and oxygen uptake (V˙O2) corrected for body mass using the cardiopulmonary exercise testing; muscle strength and endurance using isokinetic muscle testing; muscle mass using bioelectrical impedance; muscle quality (muscle echo intensity) using an ultrasound imaging device, and muscle oxygen extraction rate (MOER) using near-infrared spectroscopy. Multiple regression analysis was performed using WR/kg peak and V˙O2/kg peak as dependent variables and each assessment index as an independent variable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regression analysis with WR/kg peak as the dependent variable resulted in the adoption of SMI (β = -0.41, P = 0.036), muscle echo intensity (β = -0.45, P = 0.012) and ΔMOER (β = 0.73, P < 0.001) as significantly associated factors. Multiple regression analysis with V˙O2/kg peak as the dependent variable resulted in ΔMOER (β = 0.65, P = 0.001) being adopted as a significantly associated factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that muscle oxygen extraction rate is associated with aerobic capacity. MOER is a useful indicator because it is not affected by body mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":"351-362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of aerobic exercise at different intensities on articular cartilage in mice.","authors":"Chunxiao He, Toshiya Tsubaki, Shota Inoue, Junpei Hatakeyama, Hanlin Jiang, Hideki Moriyama","doi":"10.1556/2060.2024.00418","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2060.2024.00418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maintaining intrinsic articular cartilage homeostasis is essential for the health of cartilage. However, the impact of aerobic exercise of varying intensities on the articular cartilage homeostasis has never been studied. This study aims to elucidate the influence of different aerobic exercise intensities on the anabolic and catabolic processes within articular cartilage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight male C57BL/6J mice, aged 7 weeks, were divided into 4 aerobic exercise groups and 1 control group. The aerobic exercise groups were subjected to both acute and chronic exercise protocols with varying intensities of 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 m min-1. Total RNA from the knee joint cartilage was extracted in both phases to quantify mRNA of anabolic (Sox9, Col2a1, and Acan) and catabolic (MMP-13 and ADAMTS5) markers. In the chronic exercise, articular cartilage thickness and chondrocyte density were histologically assessed. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining quantified relevant molecules involved in cartilage metabolism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the acute exercise, the 8 m min-1 group exhibited reduced ADAMTS5 expression compared to the control, 16 m min-1, and 24 m min-1 groups. Chronic exercise showed enhanced articular cartilage thickness in both the 8 and 12 m min-1 groups relative to the control group. Moreover, the 8 m min-1 group demonstrated elevated aggrecan levels in comparison to both the control and 24 m min-1 groups. Additionally, the 24 m min-1 group exhibited significantly higher ADAMTS5 levels than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that consistent low-intensity aerobic exercise suppresses catabolic molecule expression in articular cartilage, thereby fostering anabolic activity. Conversely, continuous high-intensity aerobic exercise can potentially disrupt cartilage homeostasis by enhancing catabolic processes. This dichotomy underscores the need for balanced exercise regimens to maintain cartilage health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":"271-286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological characterization of a simulated kettlebell routine in experienced kettlebell athletes.","authors":"Szilárd László, Tibor Hortobágyi, Balázs Sebesi, Dávid Csala, Hargita Kató, Péter Petrovics, Artúr Krähling, Márk Váczi, Tamás Atlasz","doi":"10.1556/2060.2024.00383","DOIUrl":"10.1556/2060.2024.00383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kettlebell as a sport has gained recognition worldwide. We characterized the physiological responses induced by a simulated kettlebell competition routine in experienced kettlebell athletes (n = 26) in a two-group, pre-post plus short-term follow-up, non-randomized experiment. The experimental group (EXP) included 13 kettlebell athletes, while the control group (CON) consisted of 13 individuals with prior recreational exposure to kettlebell activities. EXP performed a 10-minute-long, long-cycle kettlebell routine, whereas CON engaged in seated rest. Cardiovascular and neuromuscular outcomes were measured at rest, after warm-up, during exercise, at 0 (immediately post), 5 and 15 min into recovery. Group-by-time interactions revealed that the 10-minute-long, long-cycle kettlebell routine increased (P < 0.05) the levels of all outcomes (e.g. heart rate, blood pressure, blood lactate) (range of effect sizes: -0.9-8.9) with many outcomes remaining well above baseline at 5 and 15 min into recovery. A notable exception was a lack of change in maximal squat strength. Kettlebell experience and mass correlated with changes in oxygen uptake (ΔVO2) and in ventilation (ΔVT) (r = -0.70, 0.64, -0.87, and 0.73, respectively, P < 0.05) in EXP. Kettlebell routine evoked significant changes in all physiological variables (respiratory and cardiovascular), out of which the heart rate (HR), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), rate pressure product (RPP), and blood lactate (BL) outlasted the routine for at least 15 min. Future studies should longitudinally examine physiological responses to kettlebell training throughout a season. Long-cycle kettlebell routine adds to the repertoire of evidence-based exercise options for high-intensity exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":20058,"journal":{"name":"Physiology international","volume":" ","pages":"242-257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}