Pediatrics International最新文献

{"title":"Prophylactic sildenafil to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Katsuya Hirata, Atsuko Nakahari, Mami Takeoka, Masahiko Watanabe, Yutaka Nishimura, Yoshinori Katayama, Tetsuya Isayama","doi":"10.1111/ped.15749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) persists as one of the foremost factors contributing to mortality and morbidity in extremely preterm infants. The effectiveness of administering sildenafil early on to prevent BPD remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of prophylactically administered sildenafil during the early life stages of preterm infants to prevent mortality and BPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Ichushi were searched. Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, interrupted time series, cohort studies, case-control studies, and controlled before-and-after studies were included. Two reviewers independently screened the title, abstract, and full text, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias, and evaluated the certainty of evidence (CoE) following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment and Development and Evaluation approach. The random-effects model was used for a meta-analysis of RCTs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review included three RCTs (162 infants). There were no significant differences between the prophylactic sildenafil and placebo groups in mortality (risk ratio [RR]: 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-10.75; very low CoE), BPD (RR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.79-1.83; very low CoE), and all other outcome assessed (all with very low CoE). The sample sizes were less than the optimal sizes for all outcomes assessed, indicating the need for further trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prophylactic use of sildenafil in individuals at risk of BPD did not indicate any advantageous effects in terms of mortality, BPD, and other outcomes, or increased side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15749"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141306586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children's injuries in legislated types child-care institutions.","authors":"Sachiko Yamamoto Kataoka, Sachiko Nozawa, Hiroki Mishina, Yuki Kataoka, Yoshimitsu Takahashi, Takeo Nakayama","doi":"10.1111/ped.15782","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ped.15782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe injuries in child-care institutions are an important social issue. However, no reports on this matter have been made in Japan. This study examined trends in severe injuries at child-care institutions, including the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a serial cross-sectional study and interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis with a linear regression model to assess trends in the incidence rate of severe injuries using Japanese national open data between January or April 2017 and December 2021. Participants were individuals utilizing legislated types child-care institutions. The outcomes were annual and monthly incidence rates of severe injuries in legislated types child-care institutions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of legislated types child-care institutions increased from 32,793 facilities in 2017 to 38,666 facilities in 2021, and the number of participants rose from 2,802,228 in 2017 to 3,059,734 in 2021. The annual incidence rate of severe injuries in 2021 was 58.3 cases per 100,000 person-years, which is twofold higher than that in 2017. The ITS for the monthly incidence rate demonstrated an increasing trend before the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the monthly incidence rate of severe injuries in legislated types child-care institutions increased. The annual incidence rate in Japan may have also increased during the observation period.</p>","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15782"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of costovertebral angle tenderness without urinary abnormality due to posterior pararenal space abscess.","authors":"Tomohiko Nishino, Mizuho Niido, Satoru Ochiai, Mei Haruyama, Hideki Hoshino, Masakazu Mimaki","doi":"10.1111/ped.15784","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ped.15784","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15784"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141559392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of cow's milk allergy treated with rush oral immunotherapy with omalizumab.","authors":"Yasushi Iwasaki, Yuki Okada, Tananori Imai","doi":"10.1111/ped.15802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-reporter differences in symptom burdens in Japanese children with cancer.","authors":"Tomomi Hayase, Makiko Naka Mieno, Naoko Mori, Yuki Yuza, Hirozumi Sano, Shinya Osone, Daiichiro Hasegawa, Miho Ashiarai, Keitaro Fukushima","doi":"10.1111/ped.15729","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ped.15729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent studies about inter-reporter differences and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in childhood cancer from Western countries showed that caregiver proxy reports tend to overestimate symptom burdens in comparison with children's self-reports. However, the results from Western countries may not be generalizable to Asian countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper is a secondary analysis of a validation study of the Japanese pediatric version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale including 88 dyads of children aged 7-12 years and 74 dyads of children aged 13-18 years and their caregivers. The study assessed the inter-reporter differences of eight and 31 symptom burdens calculated as symptom scores in children aged 7-12 years and 13-18 years, respectively, and the association between inter-reporter differences and the characteristics of children and caregivers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of children and caregivers scored equally at the dyadic level for almost all symptoms. However, 37.5% of symptoms in children aged 7-12 years and 10.0% of symptoms in children aged 13-18 years showed significant inter-reporter differences, suggesting a general tendency of caregivers to underestimate their children's symptom burden. The caregiver's age was the characteristic most frequently associated with magnitude of inter-reporter differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Caregiver proxy reports may be a reliable source of PROs in Japanese children with cancer, as self-reported and caregiver proxy-reported symptom burdens were generally concordant. However, as some significant inter-reporter differences were observed, an effort should be made within the medical community to evaluate the parent-child relationship to minimize inter-reporter differences and achieve better symptom management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15729"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional excretion of total protein in patients with nephrotic syndrome.","authors":"Shoichi Shimizu, Hiroshi Saito, Shori Takahashi, Tamaki Morohashi, Riku Hamada, Hiroshi Hataya, Yoshiaki Kondo, Ichiro Morioka","doi":"10.1111/ped.15722","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ped.15722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR) correlates well with the 24-h urine protein test (24-h UPT) and is a reliable indicator of proteinuria. However, in nephrotic syndrome, the correlation between the UPCR and the 24-h UPT tends to decrease. To address this, we introduced the fractional excretion of total protein (FETP), which reflects serum total protein and creatinine levels because severe hypoproteinemia and/or elevated serum creatinine levels tend to occur under these conditions. The 24-h UPT corrected for body surface area (BSA) (24-h UPT/BSA) was used to take body size into consideration. The correlation coefficients for 24-h UPT/BSA and FETP and 24-h UPT/BSA and UPCR were calculated. The statistical significance of the differences between these coefficients was also calculated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome were included in this study. The FETP was calculated as total protein clearance/creatinine clearance (%). Correlation coefficients were calculated for 24-h UPT/BSA and FETP and 24-h UPT/BSA and UPCR. The statistical significance of the differences between these coefficients was also calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ± standard error of FETP was 0.11% ± 0.013%. The correlation coefficients of FETP and UPCR with 24-h UPT/BSA were 0.91 and 0.81, respectively. The FETP demonstrated a significantly stronger correlation with 24-h UPT/BSA than with UPCR (p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The FETP correlated more strongly with 24-h UPT/BSA than with UPCR in patients with nephrotic syndrome. The FETP is a reliable indicator of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome, especially in patients with severe hypoproteinemia or elevated serum creatinine levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infections and treatment modalities in pediatric victims of the Kahramanmaraş/Türkiye earthquake.","authors":"Kubra Aykac, Akin Uzumcugil, Galip Gencay Ustun, Sare Ilbay, Erdem Ertekin, Perihan Tuncdemir, Emine Gulfem Anac, Gulsen Hazirolan, Guney Yilmaz, Mehmet Cemalettin Aksoy, Fatma Saricaoglu, Fatma Figen Ozgur, Ali Bulent Cengiz, Yasemin Ozsurekci","doi":"10.1111/ped.15827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data on infections in children are scarce in the context of earthquakes. Here, we describe our clinical experiences regarding infections in pediatric victims after the earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş/Türkiye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Trauma patients after the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, aged under 18 years and admitted to our hospital, were evaluated retrospectively. The patients' demographic data, pathogen distribution, drug resistance, and antibiotic treatments were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty pediatric patients were admitted to our hospital from disaster areas. The median duration under the rubble of patients was 24 h (range: 0.3-120 h). The median time for these patients to arrive our hospital was 5 days (range: 2-18 h). All of them had wound infections, 3.3% of patients had both wound infection and urinary tract infection, and 13.3% had both a bloodstream infection and a wound infection. Seventy-nine positive cultures were detected in repeated samples of 19 patients, of which polymicrobial infections accounted for 50.6% and monomicrobial infections constituted 49.4%. Of these, 107 were Gram-negative bacilli (79.9%), and 27 were Gram-positive cocci (20.1%). Pan-drug-resistant (PDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) possible PDR bacteria constituted 73.6% of total Gram-negative bacteria. Carbapenem-based treatments (n = 14, 46.7%) were the commonly preferred antimicrobial regimen. Fasciotomy was performed in 53.3% of the patients (n = 16) and amputation in 30% of the patients (n= 9). All of our patients survived.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Factors that reduced mortality and morbidity in the earthquake victims were broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy targeting highly resistant bacteria, and complementary surgical management. In other words, the multidisciplinary approaches of pediatricians and surgical departments were life saving after the earthquake.</p>","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist improves survival, and its early application accelerates weaning in preterm infants.","authors":"Yeongseok Lee, Juyoung Lee","doi":"10.1111/ped.15831","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ped.15831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence to show that neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) improves clinical outcomes is lacking. We aimed to analyze whether NAVA improves respiratory outcomes in preterm infants who require invasive mechanical ventilation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 122 very low birthweight infants who required invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h at one tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in Korea from January 2016 to June 2023. Subjects were divided into three groups: early NAVA for those supported with NAVA before the seventh day of life (n = 18), late NAVA for those supported with NAVA later than the seventh day (n = 18), and conventional for those supported with conventional ventilation modes other than NAVA (n = 86).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference in the composite outcome of bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death among the three groups. Neonates who had been supported with NAVA at some point had lower odds of mortality than those who had not (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.09, 95% CI 0.01-0.90, p = 0.040 for the early NAVA group; aOR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03-0.81, p = 0.027 for the late NAVA group). The adjusted hazard ratio for invasive mechanical ventilation weaning was higher in neonates supported with NAVA within the first week of life than in those supported with other ventilation modes (aHR 2.02, 95% CI 1.14-3.57, p = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist application was associated with lower odds of mortality, and its early application from the first few days of life helped preterm infants wean from invasive mechanical ventilation sooner.</p>","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15831"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudoachondroplasia: Similar radiographic findings to mucopolysaccharidosis.","authors":"Hideki Matsumoto, Tomohiro Hori, Mai Mori, Hideo Sasai, Hidenori Ohnishi","doi":"10.1111/ped.15799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.15799","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon following intratumoral hemorrhage: A case report.","authors":"Takeshi Yaga, Takanobu Maekawa, Kei Sakamoto, Akihiro Fujino, Osamu Miyazaki, Mitsuru Kubota, Akira Ishiguro","doi":"10.1111/ped.15806","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ped.15806","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20039,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics International","volume":"66 1","pages":"e15806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}